ITVA20090013A1 - WATER SUSPENSIONS FOR PAPER COATING - Google Patents
WATER SUSPENSIONS FOR PAPER COATINGInfo
- Publication number
- ITVA20090013A1 ITVA20090013A1 IT000013A ITVA20090013A ITVA20090013A1 IT VA20090013 A1 ITVA20090013 A1 IT VA20090013A1 IT 000013 A IT000013 A IT 000013A IT VA20090013 A ITVA20090013 A IT VA20090013A IT VA20090013 A1 ITVA20090013 A1 IT VA20090013A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- paper
- coating
- polysaccharide
- water
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 38
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 title claims description 24
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9H-xanthene Chemical group C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 GJCOSYZMQJWQCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 241001311547 Patina Species 0.000 description 21
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002120 advanced silicon etching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000283986 Lepus Species 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006184 cellulose methylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012710 chemistry, manufacturing and control Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- KANAPVJGZDNSCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-benzothiazole 1-oxide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2S(=O)N=CC2=C1 KANAPVJGZDNSCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC#N.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 XECAHXYUAAWDEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium stearate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CJZGTCYPCWQAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000008116 calcium stearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013539 calcium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004181 carboxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001033 granulometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
- D21H19/52—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/44—Coatings with pigments characterised by the other ingredients, e.g. the binder or dispersing agent
- D21H19/54—Starch
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/06—Paper forming aids
- D21H21/10—Retention agents or drainage improvers
Landscapes
- Paper (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
Descrizione dell’invenzione industriale dal titolo: Description of the industrial invention entitled:
SOSPENSIONI ACQUOSE PER LA PATINATURA DELLA CARTA. WATER SUSPENSIONS FOR PAPER COATING.
DESCRIZIONE. DESCRIPTION.
La presente invenzione riguarda sospensioni acquose di pigmenti inorganici utili per la patinatura della carta e del cartone (d’ora in avanti indicati entrambi con il termine “carta”) con patinatrici a film e contenenti come addensante un polisaccaride viscoelastico. The present invention relates to aqueous suspensions of inorganic pigments useful for coating paper and cardboard (hereinafter both referred to as "paper") with film coating machines and containing a viscoelastic polysaccharide as a thickener.
E’ noto che, per migliorare le caratteristiche della carta da stampa, sulla sua superficie viene comunemente applicata una patina, cioè uno strato di pigmenti e additivi che la rendono più liscia, più lucida e le conferiscono buone caratteristiche di stampabilità grazie alla migliore interazione con gli inchiostri da stampa. It is known that, to improve the characteristics of the printing paper, a patina is commonly applied on its surface, that is a layer of pigments and additives that make it smoother, more glossy and give it good printability characteristics thanks to the better interaction with printing inks.
Le formulazioni per patinatura, comunemente chiamate patine, sono normalmente composte da acqua, pigmenti inorganici (quali carbonato di calcio, caolino, biossido di titanio, gesso e loro miscele), da un legante polimerico, ad esempio un lattice stirene butadiene, e da un addensante, che, oltre alla funzione di modificatore di reologia, serve come ritentore d’acqua durante l’applicazione. In aggiunta, nelle patine possono essere presenti ulteriori additivi, quali glicoli o derivati di acidi grassi, come lubrificanti, antischiuma e biocidi. The formulations for coating, commonly called patinas, are normally composed of water, inorganic pigments (such as calcium carbonate, kaolin, titanium dioxide, gypsum and their mixtures), a polymeric binder, for example a styrene butadiene latex, and a thickener, which, in addition to its function as a rheology modifier, serves as a water retainer during application. In addition, additional additives may be present in the patinas, such as glycols or fatty acid derivatives, such as lubricants, antifoams and biocides.
Queste formulazioni vengono applicate sulla carta mediante apposite macchine chiamate patinatrici. These formulations are applied on the paper by means of special machines called coating machines.
Le macchine patinatrici possono essere unità a se stanti (patinatura “fuori macchina”) o integrate nella macchina continua (patinatura “in macchina”). Coating machines can be stand-alone units (“off-machine” coating) or integrated into the paper machine (“in-machine” coating).
La macchina patinatrice è fondamentalmente costituita (oltre che dalle parti accessorie atte a garantire lo svolgimento e il riavvolgimento del rullo di carta prima e dopo la lavorazione) da una o più teste di patinatura e da apparati che permettono l’asciugamento della patina dopo le teste di patinatura (cappe a raggi infrarossi, cappe a aria calda, cilindri essiccatori). The coating machine is basically constituted (in addition to the accessory parts designed to guarantee the unwinding and rewinding of the paper roll before and after processing) of one or more coating heads and of devices that allow the drying of the patina after the heads coating (infrared hoods, hot air hoods, drying cylinders).
Le teste di patinatura si distinguono, per il principio di funzionamento, fondamentalmente in: patinatrici a lama (blade coater), patinatrici a film (film coater o metering size press -MSP), e patinatrici senza dispositivi di dosaggio e livellamento della patina a contatto con la carta (Curtain Coater – Spray Coater). The coating heads are distinguished, for the principle of operation, basically in: blade coater, film coater (film coater or metering size press -MSP), and coating machines without dosing and leveling devices of the patina in contact with paper (Curtain Coater - Spray Coater).
Come riportato su “Paper Coating Additives”, Tappi Press, 1996, pagg. 21-35, gli addensanti più comunemente utilizzati nelle formulazioni per patina sono eteri di cellulosa, come la carbossimetilcellulosa (CMC) e l’idrossietilcellulosa, amidi o derivati di amidi, polimeri acrilici solubili in acqua, chiamati anche ASE o “alkali swellable emulsion”. As reported in “Paper Coating Additives”, Tappi Press, 1996, pp. 21-35, the most commonly used thickeners in patina formulations are cellulose ethers, such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and hydroxyethylcellulose, starches or derivatives of starches, water-soluble acrylic polymers, also called ASE or "alkali swellable emulsion" .
Nel caso delle patinatrici a film ( indicate anche con l’espressione patinatrici a rullo) questi addensanti non forniscono buoni risultati, come riportato ad esempio anche nel brevetto WO 2006/093497: queste patinatrici operano infatti ad alta velocità e l’alta velocità di applicazione fa sì che, con gli addensanti tradizionali, la superficie della patina risulti poco liscia e non uniforme, o in termini tecnici “a buccia di arancia”, e/o durante l’applicazione si presenti il fenomeno del “misting”, che consiste nella indesiderata nebulizzazione della patina in prossimità della testa di applicazione. In the case of film coating machines (also indicated with the expression roller coating machines) these thickeners do not provide good results, as reported for example also in the patent WO 2006/093497: these coating machines in fact operate at high speed and high application speed. means that, with traditional thickeners, the surface of the patina is not very smooth and uneven, or in technical terms "orange peel", and / or during application the phenomenon of "misting" occurs, which consists in unwanted nebulisation of the patina near the application head.
I due fenomeni, che si presentano spesso in contemporanea, hanno effetti negativi sia sulla qualità della carta finita, sia sul processo di patinatura; il misting porta infatti a sporcamento della patinatrice, a gocciolamenti di patina sulla carta e ad incrostazioni nelle zone di asciugamento della carta nei pressi della testa applicatrice. The two phenomena, which often occur simultaneously, have negative effects both on the quality of the finished paper and on the coating process; in fact, misting leads to fouling of the coating machine, to drips of patina on the paper and to encrustations in the drying areas of the paper near the applicator head.
Per risolvere i suddetti problemi tecnici e al fine di migliorare le prestazioni delle sospensioni per patinatura a film della carta, sono stati proposti alcuni addensanti specifici per le formulazioni per patinatura da applicare in particolare con patinatrici operanti ad alta velocità, quali ad esempio i polimeri acrilici in emulsione inversa. To solve the aforementioned technical problems and in order to improve the performance of the suspensions for paper film coating, some specific thickeners have been proposed for coating formulations to be applied in particular with high-speed coating machines, such as for example acrylic polymers. in reverse emulsion.
Citiamo tra i molti brevetti sull’argomento: We mention among the many patents on the subject:
� WO 2004/076743, in cui si descrive una composizione addensate per la patinatura della carta comprendente un poliacrilato associativo di tipo ASE (HASE); WO 2004/076743, in which a thickened composition for the coating of paper is described comprising an associative polyacrylate of the ASE type (HASE);
� JP 10226993 che descrive patine comprendenti cellulosa idrolizzata e, tra gli altri ingredienti, anche una tradizionale CMC. � JP 10226993 which describes patinas comprising hydrolyzed cellulose and, among other ingredients, also a traditional CMC.
Tutte le soluzioni proposte sinora soffrono tuttavia di qualche svantaggio. However, all the solutions proposed so far suffer from some disadvantages.
Le carbossimetil cellulose comunemente presenti sul mercato (non viscoelastiche) presentano una buona ritenzione di acqua e un buon potere addensante ma, come detto, non permettono di evitare i problemi succitati; gli addensanti associativi hanno una bassa ritenzione di acqua se confrontata con il loro alto potere addensante; i polimeri acrilici in emulsione inversa costringono a dosare in patina, oltre al polimero attivo, una quantità non trascurabile di oli che possono creare difficoltà al processo di patinatura e pongono problemi di carattere ambientale. The carboxymethyl cellulose commonly present on the market (non viscoelastic) have a good water retention and a good thickening power but, as mentioned, they do not allow to avoid the aforementioned problems; associative thickeners have low water retention compared to their high thickening power; acrylic polymers in reverse emulsion force a non-negligible quantity of oils to be added in the patina, in addition to the active polymer, which can create difficulties in the coating process and pose environmental problems.
E' quindi assai desiderabile per gli operatori del settore disporre di addensanti che permettano di ottenere sospensioni acquose concentrate di pigmenti inorganici per la patinatura della carta con le caratteristiche reologiche e di ritenzione di acqua idonee a essere applicate mediante patinatrici a film e che non producano apprezzabili fenomeni di misting e difettosità superficiali. It is therefore very desirable for operators in the sector to have thickeners that allow to obtain concentrated aqueous suspensions of inorganic pigments for the coating of paper with the rheological and water retention characteristics suitable for being applied by film coating machines and which do not produce appreciable phenomena of misting and surface defects.
E’ stato ora trovato che questi requisiti sono pienamente soddisfatti quando si utilizzi un addensante viscoelastico di origine polisaccaridica come additivo per la formulazione di patine. It has now been found that these requirements are fully satisfied when a viscoelastic thickener of polysaccharide origin is used as an additive for the formulation of patinas.
Benchè siano presenti in commercio addensanti sintetici con comportamento viscoelastico, gli addensanti sintetici viscoelastici non soddisfano appieno i requisiti di ritenzione d’acqua e di capacità addensante necessari per questa applicazione. Although synthetic thickeners with viscoelastic behavior are commercially available, synthetic viscoelastic thickeners do not fully meet the water retention and thickening capacity requirements necessary for this application.
Ne l p resente tes to , con l ’ espress ione “addensante viscoelastico” si definisce un addensante che esibisce un modulo elastico G’ superiore al modulo viscoso G’’ fino al 10% di ampiezza angolare (strain) in misurazioni effettuate in “test in risposta di ampiezza angolare” (misure in strain sweep) @ 1Hz ad una concentrazione pari all’1% in peso in acqua; con il termine polisaccaride si indicano sia i polisaccaridi naturali, sia i loro derivati, quali, ad esempio, gli alchil-, i carbossialchil-, gli idrossialchil- e gli alchilidrossialchil- polisaccaridi. In the present text, the expression "viscoelastic thickener" is defined as a thickener that exhibits an elastic modulus G 'higher than the viscous modulus G' 'up to 10% of angular amplitude (strain) in measurements made in "test in angular amplitude response ”(strain sweep measurements) @ 1Hz at a concentration equal to 1% by weight in water; the term polysaccharide indicates both natural polysaccharides and their derivatives, such as, for example, alkyl-, carboxyalkyl-, hydroxyalkyl- and alkylhydroxyalkyl-polysaccharides.
E' pertanto un oggetto fondamentale della presente invenzione l’uso di un polisaccaride avente caratteristiche di addensante viscoelastico (“polisaccaride viscoelastico”) per la preparazione sospensioni acquose di pigmenti inorganici per la patinatura della carta. The use of a polysaccharide having characteristics of viscoelastic thickener ("viscoelastic polysaccharide") for the preparation of aqueous suspensions of inorganic pigments for the coating of paper is therefore a fundamental object of the present invention.
E’ un ulteriore oggetto della presente invenzione una sospensione acquosa per la patinatura della carta contenente: a) dal 50 all’ 80% in peso di un pigmento inorganico; b) da 0,05 a 3,0 parti in peso per 100 parti in peso di pigmento di un polisaccaride avente modulo elastico G’ superiore al modulo viscoso G’’ sino al 10% di strain @ 1Hz ad una concentrazione pari all’1% in peso in acqua in misure in strain sweep; c) almeno il 15% in peso di acqua. A further object of the present invention is an aqueous suspension for the coating of paper containing: a) from 50 to 80% by weight of an inorganic pigment; b) from 0.05 to 3.0 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of pigment of a polysaccharide having an elastic modulus G 'higher than the viscous modulus G' 'up to 10% of strain @ 1Hz at a concentration equal to 1 % by weight in water in strain sweep measurements; c) at least 15% by weight of water.
E’ ancora un oggetto della presente invenzione l’uso della suddetta sospensione acquosa nella patinatura di carta mediante patinatrice a film. The use of the aforementioned aqueous suspension in the coating of paper by means of a film coating machine is still an object of the present invention.
DESCRIZIONE DETTAGLIATA DELL’INVENZIONE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La sospensione acquosa per la patinatura della carta secondo l’invenzione preferibilmente contiene: b) da 0,1 a 1,5 parti in peso di polisaccaride per 100 parti in peso di pigmento; c) dal 20 al 40% in peso di acqua. The aqueous suspension for coating paper according to the invention preferably contains: b) from 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight of polysaccharide per 100 parts by weight of pigment; c) from 20 to 40% by weight of water.
Il polisaccaride che caratterizza le sospensioni per patinatura della presente invenzione ha viscosità Brookfield ® all’1% in peso, 25°C e 60 rpm compresa tra 20 e 15.000 mPa*s. The polysaccharide that characterizes the coating suspensions of the present invention has Brookfield ® viscosity at 1% by weight, 25 ° C and 60 rpm between 20 and 15,000 mPa * s.
Polisaccaridi utili secondo l’invenzione sono lo xantano, le carbossimetil cellulose viscoelastiche e loro miscele. Useful polysaccharides according to the invention are xanthan, viscoelastic carboxymethyl cellulose and their mixtures.
Pre fer ib i lmente l ’addensante de l l ’ invenz ione è una carbossimetil cellulosa (CMC) viscoelastica. Preferably, the thickener of the invention is a viscoelastic carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC).
Le CMC viscoelastiche possono essere preparate secondo quanto descritto ad esempio in DD 233 377; EP 1025130; Macromolecules, 22, 364-366, 1989 or Polymer, 39, 3155-3165, 1998 . Il loro grado di sostituzione, ovvero il numero medio di gruppi carbossimetile per anello glucosidico, può variare tra 0.4 e 1.7, preferibilmente tra 0.5 e 1.2. The viscoelastic CMCs can be prepared as described for example in DD 233 377; EP 1025130; Macromolecules, 22, 364-366, 1989 or Polymer, 39, 3155-3165, 1998. Their degree of substitution, i.e. the average number of carboxymethyl groups per glucosidic ring, can vary between 0.4 and 1.7, preferably between 0.5 and 1.2.
Si osservi che, nonostante siano riportate in letteratura alcune sintesi di CMC viscoelastica, la CMC in commercio ha normalmente un comportamento non viscoelastico; inoltre, nelle poche pubblicazioni in cui si descrive la preparazione di CMC viscoelastica, non se ne suggerisce l’utilizzo nelle patine ed in termini più generali, al meglio delle conoscenze del Richiedente, non è stato sinora suggerito l’uso di polisaccaridi viscoelastici nella patinatura della carta. It should be noted that, although some syntheses of viscoelastic CMC are reported in the literature, the CMC on the market normally has a non-viscoelastic behavior; furthermore, in the few publications in which the preparation of viscoelastic CMC is described, its use in the patinas is not suggested and in more general terms, to the best of the Applicant's knowledge, the use of viscoelastic polysaccharides in the coating has not been suggested so far. some paper.
I pigmenti inorganici utilizzabili per la preparazione delle sospensioni acquose della presente invenzione sono quelli comunemente usati nella patinatura della carta, come ad esempio caolino, calcio carbonato, talco, biossido di titanio, solfato di bario e gesso e loro miscele. The inorganic pigments that can be used for the preparation of the aqueous suspensions of the present invention are those commonly used in the coating of paper, such as for example kaolin, calcium carbonate, talc, titanium dioxide, barium sulphate and gypsum and their mixtures.
La granulometria dei pigmenti è normalmente inferiore a 2 µm per il 40 - 99% della loro massa. The granulometry of the pigments is normally less than 2 µm for 40 - 99% of their mass.
La sospensione acquosa per la patinatura della carta secondo l’invenzione preferibilmente contiene anche dal 3 al 15 parti in peso di un legante polimerico per 100 parti di pigmento. The aqueous suspension for coating paper according to the invention preferably also contains from 3 to 15 parts by weight of a polymeric binder per 100 parts of pigment.
I leganti polimerici utilizzabili per la realizzazione della presente invenzione sono quelli normalmente utilizzati nel settore, tra i quali citiamo come esempio i polimeri di esteri di acidi acrilici o metacrilici, i copolimeri di monomeri acrilici con vinil acetato, stirene, butadiene, acrilonitrile o loro miscele e i polimeri a base stirene – butadiene – acrilonitrile. The polymeric binders that can be used for the realization of the present invention are those normally used in the sector, among which we cite as an example the polymers of esters of acrylic or methacrylic acids, the copolymers of acrylic monomers with vinyl acetate, styrene, butadiene, acrylonitrile or their mixtures and polymers based on styrene - butadiene - acrylonitrile.
In accordo con la presente invenzione i l polisaccaride viscoelastico può essere utilizzato sia da solo sia in presenza di altri addensanti tradizionali, quali CMC non viscoelastica, amidi e derivati, ASE, HASE; le quantità di addensante tradizionale aggiuntivo non devono naturalmente essere tali da modificare sensibilmente il comportamento reologico delle sospensioni acquose. In accordance with the present invention, the viscoelastic polysaccharide can be used both alone and in the presence of other traditional thickeners, such as non-viscoelastic CMC, starches and derivatives, ASE, HASE; the quantities of additional traditional thickener must of course not be such as to significantly modify the rheological behavior of the aqueous suspensions.
Le sospensioni acquose della presente invenzione devono infatti avere viscosità Brookfield® a 25° C e 100 rpm compresa tra 100 mPa*s e 3500 mPa*s, preferibilmente tra 300 mPa*s e 2500 mPa*s, ed inoltre, in misure in strain sweep @ 1Hz devono mostrare un modulo elastico G’ maggiore del modulo viscoso G’’ sino al 10% di strain. The aqueous suspensions of the present invention must in fact have Brookfield® viscosity at 25 ° C and 100 rpm between 100 mPa * s and 3500 mPa * s, preferably between 300 mPa * s and 2500 mPa * s, and also, in strain sweep @ measurements. 1Hz must show an elastic modulus G 'greater than the viscous modulus G' 'up to 10% of strain.
Le sospensioni acquose per patinatura dell’invenzione possono anche contenere altri additivi solitamente utilizzati nel settore, quali tensioattivi, ad esempio alcooli grassi etossilati, acidi grassi etossilati, polietossisorbitan monolaurato, sodio laurilsolfato. The aqueous suspensions for patination of the invention can also contain other additives usually used in the field, such as surfactants, for example ethoxylated fatty alcohols, ethoxylated fatty acids, polyethoxysorbitan monolaurate, sodium lauryl sulfate.
Possono essere presenti nelle composizioni anche lubrificanti quali, ad esempio, lo stearato di calcio micronizzato. Also lubricants such as, for example, micronized calcium stearate may be present in the compositions.
Un ulteriore esempio di additivi che possono entrare a far parte della composizione, specialmente quando si prevede di immagazzinare per lungo tempo la sospensione di patinatura, sono i biocidi quali, ad esempio, i prodotti a base di BIT (1,2-benzoisotiazolinone). A further example of additives that can become part of the composition, especially when the coating suspension is expected to be stored for a long time, are biocides such as, for example, products based on BIT (1,2-benzoisothiazolinone).
La preparazione delle sospensioni acquose per patinatura dell'invenzione avviene per aggiunta del legante alla sospensione acquosa di pigmento, successiva aggiunta dell’addensante nonché degli altri additivi e regolazione finale della quantità di acqua. The preparation of the aqueous suspensions for patination of the invention takes place by adding the binder to the aqueous suspension of pigment, subsequent addition of the thickener as well as other additives and final adjustment of the amount of water.
Si è osservato che le composizioni per patina preparate secondo la presente invenzione sono stabili nel tempo. It has been observed that the patina compositions prepared according to the present invention are stable over time.
Inoltre caratterizzazioni reologiche che simulano le condizioni di un impianto industriale con patinatrici a film hanno mostrato come le formulazioni per patinatrice, preparate secondo la presente invenzione, presentino un comportamento viscoelastico (misure in strain sweep a 1Hz) del tutto analogo a quello di sospensioni preparate con i polimeri acrilici in emulsione inversa già industrialmente utilizzati. Furthermore, rheological characterizations that simulate the conditions of an industrial plant with film coaters have shown how the formulations for coating machines, prepared according to the present invention, exhibit a viscoelastic behavior (measurements in strain sweep at 1Hz) completely similar to that of suspensions prepared with acrylic polymers in reverse emulsion already industrially used.
Al contrario, prodotti come gli ASE o le tradizionali CMC non viscoelastiche non risultano idonei all’impiego industriale con patinatrici a film: prove industriali effettuate hanno portato a difficoltà di mantenimento del quantitativo voluto di patina applicata e a gocciolamenti di patina sulla carta. On the contrary, products such as ASEs or traditional non-viscoelastic CMCs are not suitable for industrial use with film coaters: industrial tests carried out have led to difficulties in maintaining the desired amount of applied patina and dripping of patina on the paper.
BREVE DESCRIZIONE DEI DISEGNI BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1. Comportamento viscosimetrico in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz della Sospensione (1) degli Esempi (secondo l’invenzione), formulata con CMC viscoelastica. Fig. 1. Viscosimetric behavior in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz of the Suspension (1) of the Examples (according to the invention), formulated with viscoelastic CMC.
Fig.2. Comportamento viscosimetrico in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz della Sospensione (2) degli Esempi (comparativa), formulata con CMC non viscoelastica Fig. 2. Viscosimetric behavior in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz of the Suspension (2) of the Examples (comparative), formulated with non-viscoelastic CMC
Fig.3. Comportamento viscosimetrico in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz della Sospensione (3) degli Esempi (comparativa), formulata con un addensante acrilico in emulsione inversa. Fig.3. Viscosimetric behavior in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz of the Suspension (3) of the Examples (comparative), formulated with an acrylic thickener in reverse emulsion.
Fig.4. Comportamento viscosimetrico in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz della Sospensione (4) degli Esempi (comparativa) formulata un addensante acrilico di tipo ASE. Fig. 4. Viscosimetric behavior in Strain Sweep @ 1 Hz of the Suspension (4) of the Examples (comparative) formulated an acrylic thickener of the ASE type.
ESEMPI EXAMPLES
Si prepara una patina base utilizzando i seguenti prodotti: A base patina is prepared using the following products:
- Carbital 90 (slurry di carbonato di calcio in acqua al 78% in peso con granulometria 90% < 2µm commercializzata da Imeris) - Carbital 90 (calcium carbonate slurry in water at 78% by weight with 90% particle size <2µm marketed by Imeris)
- Dow Latex 935 (DL 935, lattice SBR in emulsione acquosa al 50% in peso, commercializzato da DOW) nelle quantità ponderali riportate in Tabella 1 e con il seguente procedimento: 1539 g di Carbital 90 vengono posti sotto agitazione a 1000 rpm mediante agitatore meccanico ad elica “cowless”; a tale carbonato vengono aggiunti 240 g di Dow Latex 935; sempre sotto agitazione si aggiungono 134 g di acqua in modo da portare il contenuto di solidi della patina a circa il 69%. - Dow Latex 935 (DL 935, SBR latex in aqueous emulsion at 50% by weight, marketed by DOW) in the weight quantities reported in Table 1 and with the following procedure: 1539 g of Carbital 90 are stirred at 1000 rpm with a stirrer mechanical with "cowless" propeller; 240 g of Dow Latex 935 are added to this carbonate; always under stirring, 134 g of water are added in order to bring the solids content of the patina to about 69%.
TABELLA 1. Formulazione “patina madre” TABLE 1. Formulation "mother patina"
La “patina madre” così ottenuta viene omogeneizzata per 30minuti a 1000 rpm mediante cowless e successivamente se ne prelevano 4 parti da 478 g ciascuna per effettuare i dosaggi dei seguenti addensanti, in quantità tale da ottenere una viscosità finale di 1300-1350 mPa*s (100 rpm): The "mother patina" thus obtained is homogenized for 30 minutes at 1000 rpm by cowless and subsequently 4 parts of 478 g each are taken to carry out the dosages of the following thickeners, in such quantity as to obtain a final viscosity of 1300-1350 mPa * s (100 rpm):
� Carbocel MB2/C = carbossimetil cellulosa purificata sale sodico a bassa viscosità, commercializzata da Lamberti S.p.A. � Carbocel MB2 / C = purified carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt with low viscosity, marketed by Lamberti S.p.A.
� Viscolam VP = addensante acrilico in emulsione inversa con un contenuto di attivo del 40%, commercializzato da Lamberti S.p.A. � Viscolam VP = acrylic thickener in reverse emulsion with an active content of 40%, marketed by Lamberti S.p.A.
� Sipacril 2739 = addensante acrilico in emulsione diretta (ASE) con un contenuto di attivo del 29% commercializzato da Lamberti S.p.A. � Sipacril 2739 = acrylic thickener in direct emulsion (ASE) with an active content of 29% marketed by Lamberti S.p.A.
� FUJ3017-67 = carbossimetil cellulosa viscoelastica con grado di sostituzione 0,82, viscosità Brookfield® all’1% in acqua (25 °C, 60 rpm) pari a 9000 mPa*s, G’ > G” fino al 63% di strain. � FUJ3017-67 = viscoelastic carboxymethyl cellulose with 0.82 degree of substitution, Brookfield® viscosity at 1% in water (25 ° C, 60 rpm) equal to 9000 mPa * s, G '> G "up to 63% of strain.
Per preparare la prima sospensione, Sospensione (1), si aggiungono a 478 g di patina, sotto vigorosa agitazione, 0,51 g di FUJ3017-67. La dispersione avviene per agitazione mediante agitatore cowless a 1000 rpm per 30’. Passati i 30’ si porta a pH 9 con NaOH. To prepare the first suspension, Suspension (1), 0.51 g of FUJ3017-67 are added to 478 g of patina, under vigorous stirring. The dispersion takes place by stirring using a cowless stirrer at 1000 rpm for 30 '. After 30 'it is brought to pH 9 with NaOH.
La seconda sospensione, Sospensione (2), di tipo comparativo, è stata preparata come la Sospensione (1), ma sostituendo la FUJ3017-67 con una CMC non viscoelastica (Carbocel MB2C). La terza sospensione, Sospensione (3), è stata preparando come la Sospensione (1), ma sostituendo la FUJ3017-67 con 1,5 g di Viscolam VP. The second suspension, Suspension (2), of comparative type, was prepared like Suspension (1), but replacing FUJ3017-67 with a non-viscoelastic CMC (Carbocel MB2C). The third suspension, Suspension (3), was preparing like Suspension (1), but replacing FUJ3017-67 with 1.5g of Viscolam VP.
La quarta sospensione, Sospensione (4), è stata preparata come la Sospensione (1), ma sostituendo la FUJ3017-67 con 2 g di Sipacril 2739. The fourth suspension, Suspension (4), was prepared like Suspension (1), but replacing FUJ3017-67 with 2g of Sipacril 2739.
In Tabella 2 sono riportate le composizioni, la quantità di solido totale (%), il pH finale e la viscosità Brookfield® a 25°C a 100 rpm delle sospensioni così preparate. Table 2 shows the compositions, the amount of total solid (%), the final pH and the Brookfield® viscosity at 25 ° C at 100 rpm of the suspensions thus prepared.
E’ stato valutato il comportamento reologico delle Sospensioni (1)-(4) mediante Viscosimetro AR 2000 Rheometer della TA Instruments con una geometria di 60mm 1° steel cone. The rheological behavior of the Suspensions (1) - (4) was evaluated using TA Instruments AR 2000 Rheometer with a geometry of 60mm 1st steel cone.
I relativi grafici sono riportati nelle Figure 1-4, dalle quali si evince che la sospensione oggetto della presente invenzione mostra un comportamento elastico differente rispetto alle sospensioni contenenti il polimero ASE e la CMC classica, ma del tutto analogo all’addensante acrilico in emulsione inversa. The relative graphs are shown in Figures 1-4, which show that the suspension object of the present invention shows a different elastic behavior compared to the suspensions containing the ASE polymer and the classic CMC, but completely similar to the acrylic thickener in reverse emulsion. .
Solo la Sospensione (1) è idonea all’applicazione mediante patinatrice a film e durante l’applicazione non provoca il fenomeno denominato “misting”; solo la carta ottenuta con la Sospensione (1) non presenta difettosità (aspetto a buccia di arancia). Only the Suspension (1) is suitable for application using a film coating machine and during application it does not cause the phenomenon called "misting"; only the paper obtained with the Suspension (1) has no defects (orange peel appearance).
TABELLA 2 – FORMULAZIONI PATINE TABLE 2 - PATINE FORMULATIONS
Claims (9)
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IT000013A ITVA20090013A1 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2009-02-17 | WATER SUSPENSIONS FOR PAPER COATING |
EP10153563A EP2218821A1 (en) | 2009-02-17 | 2010-02-15 | Aqueous suspensions for paper coating |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0018086A1 (en) * | 1979-03-21 | 1980-10-29 | Merck & Co. Inc. | Process of preventing retrogradation in cooked starch and use of the obtained starch |
US5718756A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-02-17 | Thielekaolin Company | Process for the manufacture of a structured paper coating |
US5725648A (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-03-10 | Hercules Incorporated | Paper coatings containing guar or reduced molecular weight guar |
US20060102304A1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2006-05-18 | Christopher Nutbeem | Paper coating pigments |
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DD233377A1 (en) | 1984-12-28 | 1986-02-26 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE |
JPH10226993A (en) | 1997-02-17 | 1998-08-25 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Paper coating solution |
DE19746264A1 (en) | 1997-10-20 | 1999-04-29 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Cellulose ether with low salt content |
GB0304354D0 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2003-04-02 | Ciba Spec Chem Water Treat Ltd | Modification of paper coating rheology |
WO2006093497A1 (en) | 2005-03-02 | 2006-09-08 | Hercules Incorporated | Hydroxyalkylcellulose as additive in pigmented metering size press coatings |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0018086A1 (en) * | 1979-03-21 | 1980-10-29 | Merck & Co. Inc. | Process of preventing retrogradation in cooked starch and use of the obtained starch |
US5718756A (en) * | 1996-06-25 | 1998-02-17 | Thielekaolin Company | Process for the manufacture of a structured paper coating |
US5725648A (en) * | 1996-09-25 | 1998-03-10 | Hercules Incorporated | Paper coatings containing guar or reduced molecular weight guar |
US20060102304A1 (en) * | 2002-05-03 | 2006-05-18 | Christopher Nutbeem | Paper coating pigments |
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