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ITTO20090668A1 - PISTON COMPRESSOR WITH ROTATING CYLINDER BLOCK - Google Patents

PISTON COMPRESSOR WITH ROTATING CYLINDER BLOCK Download PDF

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Publication number
ITTO20090668A1
ITTO20090668A1 IT000668A ITTO20090668A ITTO20090668A1 IT TO20090668 A1 ITTO20090668 A1 IT TO20090668A1 IT 000668 A IT000668 A IT 000668A IT TO20090668 A ITTO20090668 A IT TO20090668A IT TO20090668 A1 ITTO20090668 A1 IT TO20090668A1
Authority
IT
Italy
Prior art keywords
cylinder block
stator
cylinder
gas
compressor
Prior art date
Application number
IT000668A
Other languages
Italian (it)
Inventor
Alessandro Vanara
Original Assignee
Alessandro Vanara
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alessandro Vanara filed Critical Alessandro Vanara
Priority to IT000668A priority Critical patent/ITTO20090668A1/en
Publication of ITTO20090668A1 publication Critical patent/ITTO20090668A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/062—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuating or actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
    • F01B1/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
    • F01B1/0641—Details, component parts specially adapted for such machines
    • F01B1/0658—Arrangements for pressing or connecting the pistons against the actuating or actuated cam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B13/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion
    • F01B13/04—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder
    • F01B13/06—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder in star arrangement
    • F01B13/068—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with rotating cylinders in order to obtain the reciprocating-piston motion with more than one cylinder in star arrangement the connection of the pistons with an actuated or actuating element being at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/053—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
    • F04B1/10—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement the cylinders being movable, e.g. rotary
    • F04B1/113—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement the cylinders being movable, e.g. rotary with actuating or actuated elements at the inner ends of the cylinders

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Description

DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION

dell’invenzione industriale dal titolo COMPRESSORE A PISTONI CON BLOCCO CILINDRI ROTANTE of the industrial invention entitled PISTON COMPRESSOR WITH ROTATING CYLINDER BLOCK

La presente invenzione è relativa al settore dei compressori di gas per l’utilizzo in tutti i possibili ambiti applicativi. The present invention relates to the sector of gas compressors for use in all possible application areas.

I compressori volumetrici alternativi a pistoni sono oggi largamente impiegati grazie alla loro semplicità costruttiva ed al costo relativamente contenuto. Tra gli svantaggi più evidenti la generazione di vibrazioni dovute alle masse in moto alterno e l’elevata rumorosità causata dalle valvole di distribuzione che sono, nella maggioranza dei casi, di tipo automatico, influenzate nel loro funzionamento dalle pulsazioni di pressione del sistema. Volumetric reciprocating piston compressors are widely used today thanks to their simple construction and relatively low cost. Among the most obvious disadvantages the generation of vibrations due to the alternating masses and the high noise caused by the distribution valves which are, in most cases, automatic, influenced in their operation by the pressure pulsations of the system.

I compressori di tipo rotativo attualmente utilizzati attenuano i problemi suddetti ma hanno complicazioni costruttive che li rendono più costosi (tipo a vite, Scroll, a lobi,...) e/o possono presentare problemi di tenuta dei gas durante il trattamento del fluido (tipologie Scroll, a palette,...). The rotary type compressors currently used mitigate the aforementioned problems but have constructional complications that make them more expensive (screw type, Scroll, lobe, ...) and / or may present gas tightness problems during the fluid treatment ( types Scroll, vane, ...).

Molte applicazioni richiedono compressori di gas che lavorino trasmettendo poche vibrazioni e producendo la minor quantità di rumore possibile. Si citano, solo ad esempio, i seguenti campi applicativi: aria compressa ad uso di laboratori di ricerca e studi dentistici, compressori a bordo di veicoli industriali e ferroviari, compressione di gas per impianti di refrigerazione. Many applications require gas compressors that operate with little vibration and produce the least amount of noise possible. For example, the following fields of application are mentioned: compressed air for use in research laboratories and dental offices, compressors on board industrial and railway vehicles, gas compression for refrigeration systems.

La presente invenzione si propone di superare i limiti sopraccitati sfruttando la nota base tecnologica dei compressori alternativi a pistoni ma con una configurazione che prevede il blocco cilindri rotante. The present invention proposes to overcome the aforementioned limits by exploiting the known technological basis of reciprocating piston compressors but with a configuration which provides for the rotating cylinder block.

Tale configurazione è nota e proposta in altre invenzioni che descrivono gruppi motore e/o compressore. I principali limiti di tali invenzioni sono comunque identificabili nei seguenti punti: This configuration is known and proposed in other inventions which describe motor and / or compressor units. The main limitations of these inventions are however identifiable in the following points:

a. sistemi di conduzione dei pistoni nel moto alterno mediante cuscinetti/rotelle con dimensioni non adeguate a garantire velocità di rotazioni accettabili del blocco cilindri (dimensioni dovute alla geometria dei sistemi proposti) to. systems of conduction of pistons in reciprocating motion by means of bearings / wheels with dimensions not adequate to guarantee acceptable speed of rotation of the cylinder block (dimensions due to the geometry of the proposed systems)

b. sistemi di conduzione dei pistoni nel moto alterno mediante dispositivi meccanicamente complessi b. systems of conduction of pistons in reciprocating motion by means of mechanically complex devices

c. sistemi per la tenuta e separazione del gas aspirato e scaricato non adeguati a garantire contro i trafilamenti causati dalle differenze di pressione presenti c. systems for sealing and separating the sucked and discharged gas that are not adequate to guarantee against leakage caused by the pressure differences present

Di seguito si descrìve il compressore oggetto dell’invenzione. The compressor object of the invention is described below.

I cilindri sono in posizione radiale, disposti su uno o più piani, a costituire un gruppo rotante unitario. I cilindri devono essere in numero pari, ciascuna coppia simmetrica rispetto all’asse di rotazione. Un elemento periferico (14) chiude le estremità dei cilindri costituendone la testa e comprendendo le luci (11 e 12) di passaggio del gas. The cylinders are in a radial position, arranged on one or more planes, to form a unitary rotating group. The cylinders must be even in number, each pair symmetrical with respect to the rotation axis. A peripheral element (14) closes the ends of the cylinders constituting their head and including the ports (11 and 12) for the passage of the gas.

II blocco cilindri (1) ruota attorno all’asse della camma centrale fissa (2), azionato dall’albero di trasmissione (3) al quale è solidale. Uno statore (4) sostiene la camma centrale e permette la rotazione del blocco cilindri. La rotazione relativa dei diversi componenti è consentita da una serie di cuscinetti (Sa, Sb, Se). The cylinder block (1) rotates around the axis of the fixed central cam (2), driven by the transmission shaft (3) to which it is integral. A stator (4) supports the central cam and allows the rotation of the cylinder block. The relative rotation of the different components is allowed by a series of bearings (Sa, Sb, Se).

I pistoni, scorrevoli all’interno dei cilindri, comprendono ciascuno uno stantuffo (6) completo di fasce di tenuta e di guida, uno spinotto (7) con le estremità che si prolungano oltre il diametro dello stantuffo, una rotella volvente (8) ed una coppia di molle (9) di contrasto che agiscono sulle estremità dello spinotto. Quando il blocco cilindri ruota, il movimento alterno dei pistoni è garantito dalla rotella che copia il profilo della camma centrale, rispetto alla quale è sempre in aderenza grazie alla spinta data dalla coppia di molle. The pistons, sliding inside the cylinders, each comprise a piston (6) complete with sealing and guide rings, a pin (7) with the ends extending beyond the diameter of the piston, a roller (8) and a pair of contrast springs (9) which act on the ends of the pin. When the cylinder block rotates, the alternating movement of the pistons is guaranteed by the wheel that copies the profile of the central cam, with respect to which it is always in adherence thanks to the thrust given by the pair of springs.

Ciascun cilindro è dotato di alette (10) per il raffreddamento del sistema, disposte nella direzione dell’asse cilindro o con leggera inclinazione rispetto a questo. La rotazione del blocco cilindri determina il flusso dell’aria di raffeddamento tra le alette per effetto centrifugo. Il compressore può così raffreddarsi senza l’ausilio di ulteriori dispositivi. Each cylinder is equipped with fins (10) for cooling the system, arranged in the direction of the cylinder axis or with a slight inclination with respect to it. The rotation of the cylinder block determines the flow of cooling air between the fins due to the centrifugal effect. The compressor can thus cool down without the aid of additional devices.

La coppia di luci (11, 12) disposte all’estremità di ciascun cilindro è in aderenza con là superficie interna dello statore. Nel corso della rotazione del blocco cilindri ciascuna luce viene a trovarsi in comunicazione con passaggi ricavati sullo statore. In particolare una luce (11) consente l’aspirazione del gas all’interno del cilindro, l’altra luce (12) permette l’emissione del gas compresso. Sullo statore si individuano pertanto due camere anulari (ISa, ISb) affrancate costituenti, l’una l’ambiente di aspirazione, l’altra l’ambiente di mandata del gas compresso. Si rende necessario isolare i due ambienti mediante guarnizioni striscianti (13a, 13b, 13c) o di altro tipo che garantiscano la ritenuta del gas. The pair of lights (11, 12) arranged at the end of each cylinder is in adherence with the internal surface of the stator. During the rotation of the cylinder block, each port is in communication with passages made on the stator. In particular, one light (11) allows the aspiration of the gas inside the cylinder, the other light (12) allows the emission of compressed gas. On the stator there are therefore two annular chambers (ISa, ISb) franked constituting, one the intake environment, the other the compressed gas delivery environment. It is necessary to isolate the two environments by means of sliding gaskets (13a, 13b, 13c) or other types that guarantee gas retention.

La presente descrizione si riferisce ad un compressore con singolo stadio di compressione e cilindri disposti su di un unico piano. Tuttavia è da intendersi valida anche per tipologie a più stadi di compressione dove si avranno più camere anulari (1S) di raccolta dei gas opportunamente collegate da luci su rotore e statore. In questo caso i cilindri relativi ai diversi stadi saranno disposti su piani differenti del blocco cilindri (1). The present description refers to a compressor with a single compression stage and cylinders arranged on a single plane. However, it is also valid for types with multiple compression stages where there will be several annular chambers (1S) for collecting the gases suitably connected by ports on the rotor and stator. In this case the cylinders relating to the different stages will be arranged on different planes of the cylinder block (1).

Claims (4)

RIVENDICAZIONI 1) Un compressore con blocco cilindri (1) rotante attorno all’asse della camma centrale (2) fissa, entrambi vincolati ad uno statore (4) mediante cuscinetti (5a, 5b, 5c). I pistoni, scorrevoli all interno dei cilindri, sono costituiti da uno stantuffo (6) completo di fasce di tenuta e di guida e da uno spinotto (7) sul quale è calettata una rotella volvente (8). L 'innovazione consiste nella presenza di una coppia di molle (9), o elementi elastici con funzione equivalente, che agiscono sulle estremità dello spinotto il quale si prolunga oltre il corpo del pistone. La coppia di molle agisce a partire da sedi ottenute sul cilindro. L’azione delle molle garantisce l’aderenza della rotella al profilo della camma durante la rotazione del blocco cilindri determinando il moto alterno del pistone. CLAIMS 1) A compressor with cylinder block (1) rotating around the axis of the fixed central cam (2), both constrained to a stator (4) by bearings (5a, 5b, 5c). The pistons, sliding inside the cylinders, consist of a piston (6) complete with sealing and guide rings and a pin (7) on which a rolling wheel (8) is keyed. The innovation consists in the presence of a pair of springs (9), or elastic elements with equivalent function, which act on the ends of the pin which extends beyond the piston body. The pair of springs acts starting from seats obtained on the cylinder. The action of the springs ensures the adherence of the wheel to the profile of the cam during the rotation of the cylinder block, causing the alternating motion of the piston. 2) Un compressore con blocco cilindri rotante come alla Rivendicazione 1 dove / 'innovazione consiste nella creazione della camera di compressione per ciascun cilindro tramite la chiusura dell’estremità dello stesso mediante un elemento anulare (14) coassiale vincolato al blocco cilindri (1); in alternativa possono essere utilizzati più elementi indipendenti di forma atta a realizzare la chiusura cilindri. Lo scambio di gas con gli ambienti di aspirazione (ISa) e di mandata (ISb) avviene tramite almeno una coppia di luci (11, 12) disposte in corrispondenza di ciascun cilindro. Ogni luce è in aderenza con la superficie interna dello statore (4) e nel corso della rotazione del blocco cilindri viene a trovarsi in comunicazione con passaggi ricavati sullo statore. In particolare una luce (11) consente l’aspirazione del gas all’intemo del cilindro, l’altra luce (12) permette la mandata del gas compresso. Per garantire una buona aderenza delle luci (11, 12) sullo statore (4), condizione necessaria ad evitare fughe del gas, ciascuna luce è costituita da un supporto di materiale elastico (1 la, 12a), ad esempio gomma, e da una boccola centrale (1 lb, 12b) di materiale antitrizione. 11 supporto elastico (Ila, 12a) viene montato in un’apposita sede dell’elemento di chiusura del cilindro (14) di modo che possa premere la boccola (1 lb, 12b) sulla superfìcie interna dello statore. Durante la rotazione del blocco cilindri la boccola centrale può strisciare sullo statore anche in assenza di lubrificazione grazie alle proprietà autolubrificanti del materiale (ad esempio PTFE rinforzato). 2) A compressor with a rotating cylinder block as in Claim 1 where the innovation consists in the creation of the compression chamber for each cylinder by closing the end of the same by means of a coaxial annular element (14) bound to the cylinder block (1); alternatively, a plurality of independent elements of a shape suitable for closing cylinders can be used. The gas exchange with the intake (ISa) and delivery (ISb) environments takes place through at least one pair of ports (11, 12) arranged in correspondence with each cylinder. Each port is in adherence with the internal surface of the stator (4) and in the course of the rotation of the cylinder block it comes into communication with passages obtained on the stator. In particular, one port (11) allows the suction of the gas inside the cylinder, the other port (12) allows the delivery of the compressed gas. To ensure good adherence of the ports (11, 12) to the stator (4), a necessary condition to prevent gas leaks, each port is made up of a support of elastic material (1 la, 12a), for example rubber, and of a central bushing (1 lb, 12b) of anti-friction material. The elastic support (11a, 12a) is mounted in a special seat of the cylinder closing element (14) so that it can press the bushing (1 lb, 12b) on the internal surface of the stator. During the rotation of the cylinder block, the central bushing can slide on the stator even in the absence of lubrication thanks to the self-lubricating properties of the material (e.g. reinforced PTFE). 3) Un compressore con blocco cilindri rotante come alla Rivendicazione 1 dove l’innovazione consiste nella creazione di ambienti di forma anulare per l’aspirazione (ISa) e la mandata (ISb) del gas all’intemo dello statore (4). Il trafilamento del gas verso l’esterno o tra i due ambienti è impedito da opportune guarnizioni di tenuta anulari (13a, 13b, 13c), ad esempio ma non esclusivamente, del tipo a strisciamento. La combinazione di questa soluzione con quella presentata alla Rivendicazione 2 consente di evitare l’uso di valvole (automatiche o comandate) che controllino il passaggio del gas. 3) A compressor with a rotating cylinder block as in Claim 1 where the innovation consists in the creation of annular environments for the suction (ISa) and delivery (ISb) of the gas inside the stator (4). The leakage of the gas towards the outside or between the two environments is prevented by appropriate annular seals (13a, 13b, 13c), for example but not exclusively, of the sliding type. The combination of this solution with that presented in Claim 2 makes it possible to avoid the use of valves (automatic or controlled) that control the passage of gas. 4) Un compressore con blocco cilindri rotante come alla Rivendicazione 1 dóve l’innovazione consiste nell’utilizzo di alette di raffreddamento (10) integrate nel blocco rotante (1) e allineate all’asse dei cilindri o leggermente inclinate rispetto a questo, disposte su entrambi i lati dei cilindri. La rotazione del blocco cilindri determina il flusso dell’aria di raffreddamento tra le alette per effetto centrifugo. Il compressore può cosi raffreddarsi senza l’ausilio di ulteriori dispositivi.4) A compressor with a rotating cylinder block as in Claim 1 where the innovation consists in the use of cooling fins (10) integrated in the rotating block (1) and aligned with the axis of the cylinders or slightly inclined with respect to this, arranged on both sides of the cylinders. The rotation of the cylinder block determines the flow of cooling air between the fins due to the centrifugal effect. The compressor can thus cool down without the aid of additional devices.
IT000668A 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 PISTON COMPRESSOR WITH ROTATING CYLINDER BLOCK ITTO20090668A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000668A ITTO20090668A1 (en) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 PISTON COMPRESSOR WITH ROTATING CYLINDER BLOCK

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000668A ITTO20090668A1 (en) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 PISTON COMPRESSOR WITH ROTATING CYLINDER BLOCK

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ITTO20090668A1 true ITTO20090668A1 (en) 2011-03-01

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IT000668A ITTO20090668A1 (en) 2009-08-31 2009-08-31 PISTON COMPRESSOR WITH ROTATING CYLINDER BLOCK

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US741059A (en) * 1900-10-19 1903-10-13 Harker Mullen Rotary engine.
US1965488A (en) * 1931-12-18 1934-07-03 Christian Claude Fluid motor
FR1142367A (en) * 1955-02-28 1957-09-17 Gasoline or diesel engine
US3604402A (en) * 1968-09-12 1971-09-14 Hatz Motoren Piston mechanism
GB1362342A (en) * 1972-07-13 1974-08-07 Audi Ag Resilient sealing ring for rotary piston engine
US4334506A (en) * 1975-11-17 1982-06-15 Albert Albert F Reciprocating rotary engine
GB2097867A (en) * 1981-05-04 1982-11-10 Poclain Hydraulics Sa Radial piston machines
US4401062A (en) * 1981-04-06 1983-08-30 Dean Joe O Rotary piston engine

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US741059A (en) * 1900-10-19 1903-10-13 Harker Mullen Rotary engine.
US1965488A (en) * 1931-12-18 1934-07-03 Christian Claude Fluid motor
FR1142367A (en) * 1955-02-28 1957-09-17 Gasoline or diesel engine
US3604402A (en) * 1968-09-12 1971-09-14 Hatz Motoren Piston mechanism
GB1362342A (en) * 1972-07-13 1974-08-07 Audi Ag Resilient sealing ring for rotary piston engine
US4334506A (en) * 1975-11-17 1982-06-15 Albert Albert F Reciprocating rotary engine
US4401062A (en) * 1981-04-06 1983-08-30 Dean Joe O Rotary piston engine
GB2097867A (en) * 1981-05-04 1982-11-10 Poclain Hydraulics Sa Radial piston machines

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