IT202100024608A1 - PROCESS FOR THE RECYCLING OF CIGARETTE FILTERS; PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM THE SAID PROCEDURE AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD - Google Patents
PROCESS FOR THE RECYCLING OF CIGARETTE FILTERS; PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM THE SAID PROCEDURE AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- IT202100024608A1 IT202100024608A1 IT102021000024608A IT202100024608A IT202100024608A1 IT 202100024608 A1 IT202100024608 A1 IT 202100024608A1 IT 102021000024608 A IT102021000024608 A IT 102021000024608A IT 202100024608 A IT202100024608 A IT 202100024608A IT 202100024608 A1 IT202100024608 A1 IT 202100024608A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- process according
- ethoxylated
- cellulosic material
- treatment
- recycling
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 26
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MSLRPWGRFCKNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;hydrogen peroxide;dicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OO.OO.OO.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O MSLRPWGRFCKNIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Description
TITOLO: PROCEDIMENTO PER IL RICICLO DI FILTRI DI SIGARETTE; PRODOTTO OTTENUTO DA DETTO PROCEDIMENTO E USO DELLO STESSO IN AMBITO INDUSTRIALE TITLE: PROCEDURE FOR THE RECYCLING OF CIGARETTE FILTERS; PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM THE SAID PROCEDURE AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD
DESCRIZIONE DESCRIPTION
CAMPO DELL?INVENZIONE FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invenzione si riferisce a un procedimento per il riciclo di filtri di sigarette o mozziconi, in particolare finalizzato al recupero delle fibre di cellulosa (acetato di cellulosa) in essi contenute per ottenere materiale riutilizzabile in differenti applicazioni industriali, in particolare nel settore automobilistico. The present invention refers to a process for recycling cigarette filters or butts, in particular aimed at recovering the cellulose fibers (cellulose acetate) contained therein to obtain reusable material in various industrial applications, particularly in the automotive sector.
STATO DELLA TECNICA STATE OF THE ART
Come noto, i mozziconi di sigaretta sono tra i rifiuti pi? numerosi e complessi da smaltire, mentre la loro dispersione nell?ambiente rappresenta una delle problematiche ambientali pi? serie. Milioni di mozziconi vengono annualmente conferiti negli appositi contenitori; altrettanti vengono direttamente dispersi e non recuperati. La loro raccolta, da parte delle autorit? preposte o da volontari durante campagne ambientali non ? sufficiente a ridurre l?impatto che essi generano nell?ecosistema. I filtri in essi contenuti, inoltre, sono composti di fibre di cellulosa (acetato di cellulosa) che manifestano una lentissima biodegradabilit? e contengono residui altamente tossici derivanti dalla combustione del tabacco e di altre sostanze idrocarburiche in essi contenute che determinano un elevato carico inquinante. I mozziconi possono essere ingeriti da pesci, uccelli e altri animali, che possono soffocare o essere danneggiati dal veleno che contengono. As known, cigarette butts are among the most common waste. numerous and complex to dispose of, while their dispersion in the environment represents one of the most common environmental problems? series. Millions of cigarette butts are disposed of in the appropriate containers every year; as many are directly dispersed and not recovered. Their collection, by the authorities? commissioned or by volunteers during environmental campaigns not ? enough to reduce the impact they generate on the ecosystem. Furthermore, the filters contained in them are composed of cellulose fibers (cellulose acetate) which show a very slow biodegradability. and contain highly toxic residues deriving from the combustion of tobacco and other hydrocarbon substances contained therein which cause a high polluting load. Butts can be ingested by fish, birds and other animals, which can suffocate or be damaged by the poison they contain.
Allo stato dell?arte sono noti sistemi e procedimenti per il riciclo di filtri di sigarette o mozziconi, in particolare finalizzati al recupero delle fibre di cellulosa in essi contenute. Scopo di tali sistemi e procedimenti ? l?ottenimento di materiale riutilizzabile in differenti applicazioni industriali, ad esempio in ambito tessile, manifatturiero, nella realizzazione di materiali assorbenti, prodotti farmaceutici e cosmetici o, ancora materiale termoplastico. Systems and processes for the recycling of cigarette filters or butts are known in the state of the art, in particular aimed at recovering the cellulose fibers contained therein. Purpose of such systems and procedures ? the obtainment of reusable material in different industrial applications, for example in the textile, manufacturing fields, in the creation of absorbent materials, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products or, again, thermoplastic material.
Detti procedimenti, meccanici e/o chimici, prevedono sostanzialmente una prima fase di disgregamento del rifiuto, una fase di recupero delle fibre cellulosiche di interesse, una fase di trattamento e, eventualmente, una fase finale di lavorazione volta all?ottenimento del prodotto finito. Said mechanical and/or chemical processes substantially envisage a first phase of breaking up the waste, a recovery phase of the cellulosic fibers of interest, a treatment phase and, possibly, a final processing phase aimed at obtaining the finished product.
I procedimenti noti, tuttavia, presentano numerosi svantaggi e limitazioni. The known methods, however, have numerous drawbacks and limitations.
Innanzitutto essi prevedono, solitamente, per separare le componenti di interesse dallo scarto e per lavare/disinfettare/sbiancare il materiale cellulosico recuperato, fasi di pretrattamento e trattamento utilizzanti sostanze chimiche, additivi e reagenti a forte impatto ambientale il cui smaltimento, attraverso sistemi di recupero delle acque reflue, deve essere affidato a ditte specializzate che provvedono alla loro depurazione con una conseguente incidenza sui gi? elevati costi di mantenimento. First of all, to separate the components of interest from the waste and to wash/disinfect/bleach the recovered cellulosic material, they usually envisage pre-treatment and treatment phases using chemical substances, additives and reagents with a strong environmental impact, the disposal of which, through recovery systems of waste water, must be entrusted to specialized companies that provide for their purification with a consequent impact on the already? high maintenance costs.
Inoltre, i principali procedimenti prevedono tempistiche di processamento molto elevate che, in alcuni casi, per la sola fase di lavaggio, possono superare le 30 ore. Furthermore, the main processes require very long processing times which, in some cases, for the washing phase alone, can exceed 30 hours.
SCOPO DELL?INVENZIONE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION
Uno scopo della presente invenzione ?, pertanto, quello di mettere a disposizione un procedimento per il riciclo di filtri di sigarette economico, a basso impatto ambientale e che possa essere attuato in tempistiche molto rapide. An object of the present invention is, therefore, that of making available a process for the recycling of cigarette filters that is cheap, has a low environmental impact and can be implemented in a very short time.
In particolare, scopo dell?invenzione ? il riciclo di filtri di sigarette e la loro trasformazione in un materiale che possa essere riutilizzato in ambito industriale con particolare rilevanza al settore automobilistico. In particular, the purpose of the invention? the recycling of cigarette filters and their transformation into a material that can be reused in the industrial sector with particular relevance to the automotive sector.
PRESENTAZIONE DELL?INVENZIONE PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION
Questi e altri scopi sono raggiunti con il procedimento per il riciclo di filtri di sigarette con le caratteristiche rivendicate nelle rivendicazioni annesse. These and other objects are achieved with the process for recycling cigarette filters with the characteristics claimed in the appended claims.
Si propone, secondo la presente invenzione un procedimento per il riciclo di filtri di sigarette, comprendente le seguenti fasi: frantumazione di mozziconi di sigaretta, separazione e recupero del materiale cellulosico dei filtri, in cui detto materiale cellulosico ? costituito in tutto o in parte di acetato di cellulosa; pretrattamento del materiale cellulosico recuperato; sanificazione e lavaggio del materiale cellulosico pretrattato; e asciugatura del materiale cellulosico sanificato. Il pretrattamento ? eseguito a una temperatura compresa tra 80 ?C e 100 ?C in una miscela acquosa di pretrattamento comprendente (percentuali in peso): uno o pi? tensioattivi non ionici (< 50 %); copolimeri a blocchi (< 10 %); e solventi organici idrosolubili (< 5 %). Un?eventuale fase di risciacquo finale pu? essere prevista. According to the present invention, a process for the recycling of cigarette filters is proposed, comprising the following steps: crushing of cigarette butts, separation and recovery of the cellulosic material of the filters, in which said cellulosic material ? consisting in whole or in part of cellulose acetate; pre-treatment of the recovered cellulosic material; sanitizing and washing of the pre-treated cellulose material; and drying of the sanitized cellulosic material. The pretreatment? performed at a temperature between 80 ?C and 100 ?C in an aqueous pre-treatment mixture comprising (percentages by weight): one or more? non-ionic surfactants (< 50%); block copolymers (< 10 %); and water-soluble organic solvents (< 5 %). A possible final rinse phase can? be expected.
Preferibilmente, la miscela acquosa di pretrattamento comprende: alcool grasso etossilato (5 - 20 %); undecanolo ramificato lineare, etossilato, propossilato (5 - 20 %); acido fosforico (1 - 10 %); alcoli C12-18 etossilati (1 - 5 %), in particolare alcoli etossilati C12-C18 7 EO; glicerina/polipropilenglicole (1 - 5 %); 1-ottanolo, etossilato (1 - 5 %); e 2-(2-butossietossi)etanolo (1 - 5 %). Preferably, the aqueous pretreatment mixture comprises: ethoxylated fatty alcohol (5 - 20%); linear branched undecanol, ethoxylated, propoxylated (5 - 20 %); phosphoric acid (1 - 10 %); ethoxylated C12-18 alcohols (1 - 5 %), in particular C12-C18 ethoxylated alcohols 7 EO; glycerin/polypropylene glycol (1 - 5 %); 1-octanol, ethoxylated (1 - 5 %); and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol (1 - 5 %).
Secondo una forma di realizzazione preferita, il procedimento comprende, inoltre, una lavorazione meccanica del materiale cellulosico asciutto comprendente le seguenti fasi: mistaggio del materiale cellulosico asciutto con una o pi? fibre naturali e/o sintetiche, in particolare polipropilene, poliammide e/o poliestere; cardatura del materiale mistato e, eventualmente, deposizione del materiale cardato a formare veli sovrapposti; prima agugliatura del materiale cardato o dei veli sovrapposti; avvolgimento del materiale ottenuto in rotoli; seconda agugliatura e rullatura del materiale agugliato; e accoppiamento con materiali termoformanti e stampaggio/modellamento del prodotto ottenuto. According to a preferred embodiment, the process further comprises a mechanical working of the dry cellulosic material comprising the following steps: mixing the dry cellulosic material with one or more? natural and/or synthetic fibers, in particular polypropylene, polyamide and/or polyester; carding of the mixed material and, possibly, deposition of the carded material to form superimposed plies; first needle punching of the carded material or of the overlapping plies; winding of the material obtained in rolls; second needle punching and rolling of the needle punched material; and coupling with thermoforming materials and moulding/modelling of the product obtained.
Preferibilmente, il tempo totale di pretrattamento ? compreso tra 30 minuti e 1 ora, mentre la miscela acquosa di pretrattamento comprende un prodotto antischiuma siliconico, preferibilmente a base di polidimetilsilossano (PDMS). Preferably, the total pretreatment time ? between 30 minutes and 1 hour, while the aqueous pre-treatment mixture comprises a silicone antifoam product, preferably based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS).
La sanificazione e il lavaggio sono condotti a temperatura ambiente e comprendono un trattamento del materiale cellulosico pretrattato con una miscela acquosa sanificante comprendente (percentuali in peso): perossido di idrogeno (< 15 % oppure < 10 %); carbonato di sodio (< 30 %); e carbonato di sodio perossidrato (< 30 %). Sanitizing and washing are carried out at room temperature and comprise a treatment of the pre-treated cellulosic material with a sanitizing aqueous mixture comprising (percentages by weight): hydrogen peroxide (< 15% or < 10%); soda ash (< 30 %); and sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate (< 30 %).
Si propone, inoltre, un prodotto ricavato mediante il procedimento secondo l?invenzione, in particolare tessuto non tessuto (TNT) per la realizzazione di componenti industriali, in particolare tappetini e moquette per veicoli, pannelli fono-assorbenti e isolanti termici. Furthermore, a product obtained by means of the process according to the invention is proposed, in particular non-woven fabric (TNT) for the production of industrial components, in particular floor mats and carpets for vehicles, sound-absorbing and thermal insulating panels.
Si propone, infine, un uso del suddetto prodotto in ambito industriale, in particolare nell?ambito automobilistico. Finally, a use of the aforementioned product is proposed in the industrial field, in particular in the automotive field.
Queste e altre caratteristiche e vantaggi della presente invenzione risulteranno chiari dalla seguente descrizione di forme preferite di realizzazione fatta a titolo di esempio non limitativo. These and other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clear from the following description of preferred embodiments made by way of non-limiting example.
DESCRIZIONE DETTAGLIATA DI FORME PREFERITE DI REALIZZAZIONE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED FORMS OF EMBODIMENT
Il procedimento per il riciclo di sigarette secondo la presente invenzione comprende le seguenti fasi: The process for recycling cigarettes according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
- frantumazione di mozziconi di sigaretta, separazione e recupero del materiale cellulosico dei filtri, in cui detto materiale cellulosico ? costituito in tutto o in parte di acetato di cellulosa; - crushing of cigarette butts, separation and recovery of the cellulose material of the filters, in which said cellulose material ? consisting in whole or in part of cellulose acetate;
- pretrattamento del materiale cellulosico recuperato; - pre-treatment of the recovered cellulosic material;
- sanificazione e lavaggio del materiale cellulosico pretrattato; e - sanitizing and washing of the pre-treated cellulose material; And
- asciugatura del materiale cellulosico sanificato. - drying of the sanitized cellulose material.
Tale procedimento pu? essere condotto in un comune impianto di lavorazione industriale, comprendente un sistema di trasporto e alimentazione (ad esempio, un nastro trasportatore) atto a conferire i mozziconi di sigaretta verso uno sminuzzatore / separatore. Da tale sminuzzatore / separatore, il materiale cellulosico dei filtri cos? separato viene immesso in una lavatrice per il pretrattamento e, da qui, in un?apparecchiatura di sanificazione e in seguito in un?asciugatrice, da dove il materiale cellulosico viene prelevato e condotto alle successive eventuali lavorazioni. This procedure can be conducted in a common industrial processing plant, comprising a conveying and feeding system (for example, a conveyor belt) capable of conveying the cigarette butts towards a shredder / separator. From this shredder / separator, the cellulosic material of the filters is so? separated, it is introduced into a washing machine for pre-treatment and, from here, into a sanitizing apparatus and subsequently into a dryer, from where the cellulosic material is taken and conveyed to any subsequent processing.
La lavatrice ? preferibilmente dotata di un sistema di riscaldamento mediante scambiatori di calore. The washing machine ? preferably equipped with a heating system using heat exchangers.
Il pretrattamento, preferibilmente, ? eseguito a una temperatura compresa tra 80 ?C e 100 ?C in una miscela acquosa di pretrattamento comprendente (percentuali in peso): The pre-treatment, preferably, ? performed at a temperature between 80 ?C and 100 ?C in an aqueous pre-treatment mixture comprising (percentages by weight):
uno o pi? tensioattivi non ionici < 50 %; one or more non-ionic surfactants < 50 %;
copolimeri a blocchi < 10 %; e block copolymers < 10%; And
solventi organici idrosolubili < 5 %. water-soluble organic solvents < 5%.
In una forma di realizzazione preferita, la miscela acquosa di pretrattamento comprende: In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous pretreatment mixture comprises:
alcool grasso etossilato 5 - 20 %; ethoxylated fatty alcohol 5 - 20 %;
undecanolo ramificato lineare, linear branched undecanol,
etossilato, propossilato 5 - 20 %; acido fosforico 1 - 10 %; ethoxylated, propoxylated 5 - 20 %; phosphoric acid 1 - 10 %;
alcoli C12-18 etossilati 1 - 5 %; ethoxylated C12-18 alcohols 1 - 5%;
glicerina/polipropilenglicole 1 - 5 %; glycerin/polypropylene glycol 1 - 5%;
1-ottanolo, etossilato 1 - 5 %; e 2-(2-butossietossi)etanolo 1 - 5 %. 1-octanol, ethoxylated 1 - 5 %; and 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol 1 - 5%.
In particolare gli alcoli etossilati sono alcoli etossilati C12-C18 7 EO e sono identificati da un numero CAS 68213-23-0. In particular, the ethoxylated alcohols are C12-C18 7 EO ethoxylated alcohols and are identified by a CAS number 68213-23-0.
La fase b) di pretrattamento ? preferibilmente condotta riscaldando gradualmente la sospensione acquosa del materiale cellulosico ricavato dai filtri delle sigarette fino alla temperatura di pretrattamento. Il tempo totale di pretrattamento, preferibilmente, ? compreso tra 30 minuti e 1 ora. Phase b) of pre-treatment? preferably carried out by gradually heating the aqueous suspension of the cellulosic material obtained from cigarette filters up to the pre-treatment temperature. The total pre-treatment time, preferably, ? between 30 minutes and 1 hour.
La miscela acquosa di pretrattamento ? preferibilmente utilizzata in quantit? comprese tra 2 l e 4 l, in modo particolarmente preferito tra 2,5 l e 3,5 l per ogni 100 g di materiale cellulosico da trattare. The pre-treatment aqueous mixture ? preferably used in quantity? comprised between 2 l and 4 l, particularly preferably between 2.5 l and 3.5 l for each 100 g of cellulosic material to be treated.
Preferibilmente, la miscela acquosa di pretrattamento comprende un prodotto antischiuma siliconico, preferibilmente a base di polidimetilsilossano (PDMS) per coadiuvare le operazioni di lavaggio e trasporto del materiale attraverso l?impianto ed evitare rotture meccaniche nei meccanismi di pompaggio (cavitazioni) e perdite di acqua in ambiente a causa della possibile formazione di schiuma. Preferably, the pre-treatment aqueous mixture comprises a silicone antifoam product, preferably based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to assist the washing operations and transport of the material through the plant and to avoid mechanical breakages in the pumping mechanisms (cavitations) and water losses in the environment due to the possible formation of foam.
La fase c) di sanificazione e lavaggio ? condotta preferibilmente a temperatura ambiente mediante trattamento del materiale cellulosico pretrattato con una miscela acquosa sanificante comprendente (percentuali in peso): Phase c) of sanitization and washing? preferably carried out at room temperature by treating the pre-treated cellulosic material with a sanitizing aqueous mixture comprising (percentages by weight):
perossido di idrogeno < 15 % oppure < 10 %; carbonato di sodio < 30 %; e carbonato di sodio perossidrato < 30 %. hydrogen peroxide < 15 % or < 10 %; sodium carbonate < 30 %; and sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate < 30%.
La miscela acquosa sanificante pu? eventualmente comprendere profumi o inibitori di odore di vario tipo. The sanitizing aqueous mixture can optionally comprising perfumes or odor inhibitors of various types.
La miscela acquosa sanificante ? preferibilmente utilizzata in quantit? comprese tra 2 l e 4 l, in modo particolarmente preferito tra 2,5 l e 3,5 l per ogni 100 g di materiale cellulosico da trattare. The sanitizing aqueous mixture? preferably used in quantity? comprised between 2 l and 4 l, particularly preferably between 2.5 l and 3.5 l for each 100 g of cellulosic material to be treated.
I tempi di trattamento sono generalmente compresi tra 20 minuti e 2 ore. Treatment times are generally between 20 minutes and 2 hours.
La fase c) pu? inoltre comprendere un risciacquo finale, utile al fine di recuperare eventuali composti chimici non reagiti e rimuovere le tracce del processo dal prodotto finito. Phase c) can? furthermore include a final rinse, useful in order to recover any unreacted chemical compounds and remove traces of the process from the finished product.
La fase d) di asciugatura pu? essere condotta per riscaldamento attraverso soffianti o ?letti fluidi? oppure, a livello industriale, per mezzo di ?coclee strizzatrici? o centrifughe (ad es. centrifughe verticali) per rimuovere la maggioranza del fluido prima di un?essiccazione di tipo termico. Phase d) of drying can? be conducted by heating through blowers or ?fluidized beds? or, on an industrial level, by means of ?squeezing augers? or centrifuges (e.g. vertical centrifuges) to remove the majority of the fluid before thermal drying.
Secondo una forma di realizzazione preferita, il procedimento secondo l?invenzione comprende, inoltre, una lavorazione meccanica del materiale cellulosico asciutto. Detta lavorazione comprende le seguenti fasi: According to a preferred embodiment, the process according to the invention further comprises a mechanical working of the dry cellulosic material. This process includes the following stages:
- mistaggio del materiale cellulosico asciutto con una o pi? fibre naturali e/o sintetiche, in particolare polipropilene, poliammide e/o poliestere; - mixing of the dry cellulosic material with one or more? natural and/or synthetic fibers, in particular polypropylene, polyamide and/or polyester;
- cardatura del materiale mistato e, eventualmente, deposizione del materiale cardato a formare veli sovrapposti; - carding of the mixed material and, possibly, deposition of the carded material to form superimposed plies;
- prima agugliatura del materiale cardato o dei veli sovrapposti; - first needle punching of the carded material or of the overlapping plies;
- avvolgimento del materiale ottenuto in rotoli; - winding of the material obtained in rolls;
- seconda agugliatura e rullatura del materiale agugliato; e - second needle punching and rolling of the needle punched material; And
- accoppiamento con materiali termoformanti e stampaggio/modellamento del prodotto ottenuto. - coupling with thermoforming materials and moulding/modelling of the product obtained.
Nello specifico, dopo che il materiale cellulosico viene mistato a fibre di differente natura, a seconda dello scopo e delle applicazioni ricercate, per conferire al prodotto le caratteristiche chimico-fisiche volute, esso viene inserito in una cardatrice per ottenere il disgregamento delle fibre e, quindi, raccolto in rotoli per la lavorazione successiva. Specifically, after the cellulosic material is mixed with fibers of different nature, depending on the purpose and the applications sought, to give the product the desired chemical-physical characteristics, it is inserted into a carding machine to obtain the disintegration of the fibers and, then, collected in rolls for further processing.
Il materiale cardato, avvolto in rotoli, viene apparecchiato per una prima fase di agugliatura da cui si ottengono materassini. The carded material, wrapped in rolls, is set up for a first needle-punching phase from which mats are obtained.
Nel corso della presente descrizione, con il termine ?agugliatura? si intende un processo con cui, mediante movimento verticale di aghi, si conferisce compattezza al materasso di fibre ottenuto all'uscita della cardatrice per sovrapposizione di pi? strati di velo. Si ottiene quindi un prodotto dotato di una certa consistenza dovuta alla penetrazione di una parte delle fibre trascinate verticalmente dal moto degli aghi. Throughout the present description, with the term ?needling? it means a process with which, by means of vertical movement of needles, compactness is given to the mattress of fibers obtained at the exit of the carding machine by overlapping several? veil layers. A product is therefore obtained with a certain consistency due to the penetration of a part of the fibers dragged vertically by the motion of the needles.
Per aumentare la resistenza del prodotto possono essere eseguite lavorazioni eventuali di finissaggio, ad es. resinatura o termofissaggio. To increase the resistance of the product, any finishing processes can be carried out, e.g. resin or thermosetting.
Con un successivo passaggio di agugliatura e rullatura vengono definiti gli spessori e le densit? delle fibre per mq. With a subsequent step of needling and rolling are defined the thicknesses and densities? of fibers per square meter.
Infine, accoppiando il prodotto ottenuto con materiali termoformanti e in seguito a stampaggio/modellamento si ottiene un prodotto finito pronto per l'impiego. Finally, by coupling the product obtained with thermoforming materials and following moulding/modelling, a finished product ready for use is obtained.
Il procedimento cos? illustrato, preferibilmente, ? finalizzato all?ottenimento di materiale riutilizzabile in differenti applicazioni industriali, in particolare nel settore automobilistico. The procedure what? illustrated, preferably, ? aimed at obtaining reusable material in different industrial applications, in particular in the automotive sector.
Si fornisce, secondo l?invenzione, un prodotto ricavato mediante il procedimento secondo l?invenzione, in particolare un tessuto non tessuto (TNT) per la realizzazione di componenti industriali, in particolare tappetini e moquette per veicoli, pannelli fono-assorbenti e isolanti termici. According to the invention, a product obtained by means of the process according to the invention is provided, in particular a non-woven fabric (TNT) for the production of industrial components, in particular floor mats and carpets for vehicles, sound-absorbing and thermal insulating panels .
Come noto, i TNT consistono in strutture tessili piane prodotte con tecnologie diverse dalla tessitura e dalla maglieria. Nello specifico, consistono in un velo di fibre tenute insieme con procedimenti di collegamento meccanico, chimico e/o termico che non prevedono, nel loro ciclo di fabbricazione, la filatura. As known, nonwovens consist of flat textile structures produced with technologies other than weaving and knitwear. Specifically, they consist of a web of fibers held together with mechanical, chemical and/or thermal bonding processes which do not include spinning in their manufacturing cycle.
Si fornisce, infine, un uso del prodotto come sopra illustrato in ambito industriale, in particolare nell?ambito automobilistico. Finally, a use of the product as illustrated above is provided in the industrial field, in particular in the automotive field.
Il procedimento secondo la presente invenzione permette di recuperare un prodotto di scarto altamente inquinante come i mozziconi di sigarette e di trasformarlo in un materiale di elevata purezza e consistenza tali da preservare le funzionalit? del materiale di partenza, in particolare capacit? ignifuga, capacit? di assorbimento e capacit? di filtraggio. The process according to the present invention makes it possible to recover a highly polluting waste product such as cigarette butts and to transform it into a material of high purity and consistency such as to preserve the functionality of the product. of the starting material, in particular capacity? fireproof, capacity? of absorption and capacity? of filtering.
? evidente che quanto descritto ? dato unicamente a titolo di esempio non limitativo e che varianti e modifiche sono possibili senza fuoriuscire dal campo di protezione dell'invenzione, come definito dalle rivendicazioni annesse. ? evident that what is described ? given only as a non-limiting example and that variants and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of protection of the invention, as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT102021000024608A IT202100024608A1 (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | PROCESS FOR THE RECYCLING OF CIGARETTE FILTERS; PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM THE SAID PROCEDURE AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT102021000024608A IT202100024608A1 (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | PROCESS FOR THE RECYCLING OF CIGARETTE FILTERS; PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM THE SAID PROCEDURE AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
IT202100024608A1 true IT202100024608A1 (en) | 2023-03-27 |
Family
ID=79018687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
IT102021000024608A IT202100024608A1 (en) | 2021-09-27 | 2021-09-27 | PROCESS FOR THE RECYCLING OF CIGARETTE FILTERS; PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM THE SAID PROCEDURE AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
IT (1) | IT202100024608A1 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160068665A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Celanese Acetate Llc | Cellulose ester plastics and methods and articles relating thereto |
-
2021
- 2021-09-27 IT IT102021000024608A patent/IT202100024608A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160068665A1 (en) * | 2014-09-09 | 2016-03-10 | Celanese Acetate Llc | Cellulose ester plastics and methods and articles relating thereto |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
CAS , no. 68213-23-0 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU689634B2 (en) | Nonwoven material comprising a certain proportion of recycled fibres originating from nonwoven and/or textile waste | |
RU2705616C1 (en) | Method of producing nonwoven material | |
TW201940769A (en) | Process for recycling cellulose containing textile material | |
KR101158031B1 (en) | Process for the production of recycled textile goods using the waste fabric material and recycled textile goods make by the same | |
RU2012123466A (en) | NONWOVEN FIBER PRODUCT CONTAINING FIBER REUSED MATERIAL | |
EP3328924A1 (en) | Methods and systems for processing mixed textile feedstock, isolating constituent molecules, and regenerating cellulosic and polyester fibers | |
CN104884689A (en) | Regenerated cellulose fiber | |
CN103014924A (en) | Leather material defibrating machine | |
JP2019500561A (en) | Cellulosic insulation and method for producing the same | |
IT202100024608A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE RECYCLING OF CIGARETTE FILTERS; PRODUCT OBTAINED FROM THE SAID PROCEDURE AND USE OF THE SAME IN THE INDUSTRIAL FIELD | |
JP2019035162A (en) | Production method of corrugated board raw material | |
KR20220164602A (en) | Methods to liquefy and dehalogenate waste plastics | |
AT515557A4 (en) | Process for the preparation of packaging material | |
CN101862641B (en) | Water hyacinth compound non-woven adsorption material and preparation method thereof | |
ES2979979T3 (en) | Method for manufacturing fire retardant materials and related products | |
EP4101976A1 (en) | Method for producing a cellulose paper material made of old textiles | |
EP2446008A1 (en) | Use of diether compounds for chemically cleaning textile, leather, or fur goods | |
Rojas-Valencia et al. | Isolation of cellulose nanofibrils from coconut waste for the production of sewing thread | |
Bolio-López et al. | Extraction and characterization of cellulose from agroindustrial waste of pineapple (Ananas comosus L. Merrill) crowns | |
Ipsmiller et al. | Sourcing and re-sourcing end-of-use textiles | |
CN105451952B (en) | The method and industrial process of raw material are reclaimed from discarded object containing paper by ionic liquid | |
EP4072814A1 (en) | Process for utilization of constituents of mixed textile wastes | |
PL228319B1 (en) | Method for recycling of PET polyethylene terephthalate | |
Sudalaiyandi | Characterizing the cleaning process of chicken feathers. | |
Sawhney et al. | Greige cotton comber noils for sustainable nonwovens |