IE83247B1 - Use of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate in topical and transdermal products - Google Patents
Use of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate in topical and transdermal productsInfo
- Publication number
- IE83247B1 IE83247B1 IE1992/1573A IE921573A IE83247B1 IE 83247 B1 IE83247 B1 IE 83247B1 IE 1992/1573 A IE1992/1573 A IE 1992/1573A IE 921573 A IE921573 A IE 921573A IE 83247 B1 IE83247 B1 IE 83247B1
- Authority
- IE
- Ireland
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- skin
- active agent
- cream
- penetration
- Prior art date
Links
- XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl adipate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCC XTJFFFGAUHQWII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 76
- 229940100539 dibutyl adipate Drugs 0.000 title claims description 76
- AXISYYRBXTVTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropyl myristate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C AXISYYRBXTVTFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 56
- 229940074928 isopropyl myristate Drugs 0.000 title claims description 56
- 230000000699 topical Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000037335 skin penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229960001727 Tretinoin Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003000 nontoxic Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- RZOBLYBZQXQGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium lactate Chemical compound [NH4+].CC(O)C([O-])=O RZOBLYBZQXQGFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019286 ammonium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000004492 retinoid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004251 Ammonium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940059265 ammonium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N retinoic acid group Chemical group C\C(=C/C(=O)O)\C=C\C=C(\C=C\C1=C(CCCC1(C)C)C)/C SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-YCNIQYBTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- LEHFPXVYPMWYQD-XHIJKXOTSA-N Ulobetasol Chemical compound C1([C@@H](F)C2)=CC(=O)C=C[C@]1(C)[C@]1(F)[C@@H]2[C@@H]2C[C@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CCl)(O)[C@@]2(C)C[C@@H]1O LEHFPXVYPMWYQD-XHIJKXOTSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940115747 halobetasol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930002330 retinoic acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- OZZQHCBFUVFZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxypropanoyloxy)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)OC(C)C(O)=O OZZQHCBFUVFZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SKVCWXRLKHBEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl tetradecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(C)C SKVCWXRLKHBEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000223 dermal penetration Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 92
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 51
- BDSYKGHYMJNPAB-LICBFIPMSA-N [(6S,8S,9R,10S,11S,13S,14S,16S,17R)-17-(2-chloroacetyl)-6,9-difluoro-11-hydroxy-10,13,16-trimethyl-3-oxo-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] propanoate Chemical compound C1([C@@H](F)C2)=CC(=O)C=C[C@]1(C)[C@]1(F)[C@@H]2[C@@H]2C[C@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CCl)(OC(=O)CC)[C@@]2(C)C[C@@H]1O BDSYKGHYMJNPAB-LICBFIPMSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 44
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 38
- 229940020901 Ultravate Drugs 0.000 description 31
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229940048498 halobetasol propionate Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 229950008396 ulobetasol propionate Drugs 0.000 description 17
- SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-NWVFGJFESA-N Tretinoin Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(\C)/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C SHGAZHPCJJPHSC-NWVFGJFESA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 14
- WNJXJEKGNNOKTH-CQKXMAEQSA-N (5E)-4-methyl-5-[(2E,4E)-3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)penta-2,4-dienylidene]pyran-2-one Chemical compound C\1OC(=O)C=C(C)C/1=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C WNJXJEKGNNOKTH-CQKXMAEQSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229940079593 drugs Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229960004063 Propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 210000000434 stratum corneum Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 206010015150 Erythema Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 231100000321 erythema Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003961 penetration enhancing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- -1 ISOPROPYL Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002831 pharmacologic agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001225 therapeutic Effects 0.000 description 6
- ICIDSZQHPUZUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octadecoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO ICIDSZQHPUZUHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940093629 ISOPROPYL ISOSTEARATE Drugs 0.000 description 5
- XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropyl palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C XUGNVMKQXJXZCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940066842 Petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001186 cumulative Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940075495 isopropyl palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- NEOZOXKVMDBOSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl 16-methylheptadecanoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(C)C NEOZOXKVMDBOSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001603 reducing Effects 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- GHBFNMLVSPCDGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monoctanoin Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO GHBFNMLVSPCDGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 208000006641 Skin Disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 201000004681 psoriasis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001839 systemic circulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- JYCQQPHGFMYQCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCO)C=C1 JYCQQPHGFMYQCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010000496 Acne Diseases 0.000 description 3
- CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylated hydroxyanisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1.COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C(C)(C)C CZBZUDVBLSSABA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cetyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000004207 Dermis Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- SOROIESOUPGGFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diazolidinyl urea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)N(CO)C1N(CO)C(=O)N(CO)C1=O SOROIESOUPGGFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 3
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- 229940100458 STEARETH-21 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 210000001896 Saccule and Utricle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearyl alcohol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019282 butylated hydroxyanisole Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 229920002114 octoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N rac-1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 231100000486 side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229960004703 Clobetasol Propionate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CBGUOGMQLZIXBE-XGQKBEPLSA-N Clobetasol propionate Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@H](C)[C@@](C(=O)CCl)(OC(=O)CC)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O CBGUOGMQLZIXBE-XGQKBEPLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000010247 Contact Dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N Cortisol Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010011732 Cyst Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylchloroisothiazolinone Chemical compound CN1SC(Cl)=CC1=O DHNRXBZYEKSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YNDXUCZADRHECN-JNQJZLCISA-N Triamcinolone acetonide Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)C=C[C@]2(C)[C@]2(F)[C@@H]1[C@@H]1C[C@H]3OC(C)(C)O[C@@]3(C(=O)CO)[C@@]1(C)C[C@@H]2O YNDXUCZADRHECN-JNQJZLCISA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229940121375 antifungals Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002220 antihypertensive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003096 antiparasitic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003213 antiperspirant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002537 betamethasone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035514 bioavailability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000022534 cell killing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003246 corticosteroid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004059 degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000004624 dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003241 dermatological agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940000406 drug candidates Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000037336 dry skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001003 eczema Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940046080 endocrine therapy drugs Estrogens Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000262 estrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001815 facial Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940080812 glyceryl caprate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003676 hair loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001045 histological change Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000036732 histological change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iso-propanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003780 keratinization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035786 metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001952 metrifonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M myristate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037311 normal skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007764 o/w emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003883 ointment base Substances 0.000 description 1
- BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N oleyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC BARWIPMJPCRCTP-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M palmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003334 potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005205 prednisolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000583 progesterone congener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004405 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003415 propylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000489 sensitizer Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000037384 skin absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000274 skin absorption Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 201000000849 skin cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sorbic acid Chemical compound CC=CC=CC(O)=O WSWCOQWTEOXDQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940083878 topical for treatment of hemorrhoids and anal fissures Corticosteroids Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012049 topical pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037317 transdermal delivery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005294 triamcinolone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001325 triclocarban Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000261 vasodilator Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003071 vasodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100001002 xerosis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Description
PATENTS ACT, 1992
921573
USE OF DIBUTYL ADIPATE AND ISOPROPYL MYRISTATE IN TOPICAL
AND TRANSDERMAL PRODUCTS
BRISTOL—MYERS SQUIBB COMPANY
"' 83247
USE OF DIBUTYL ADIPATB AND ISOPROPYL HYRISTATE IN
TOPICAL AND TRANSDERHAL PRODUCTS
The invention relates to compositions for
enhancement as well as the control of epidermal, dermal
and transdermal penetration of various topically
applied pharmacologically active agents utilizing
dibutyl adipate or a mixture of dibutyl adipate and
isopropyl myristate.
Intravenous infusion, intramuscular injection,
buccal, oral, rectal routes, and so forth have been
generally adopted as methods for administration of a
wide variety of therapeutically active agents, such as
antihypertensives, B—B1ockers, antiarrhythmics,
antianginal agents, vasodilators, antiemetics,
antibacterial, antifungals, corticosteroids,
retinoids, progestins, estrogens, androgens,
analgesics and anti-inflammatories. when these
therapeutically active agents are administered to
humans or warm blooded animals by such routes, they
enter the general circulation and produce the desired
systemic therapeutic effect. However, it is well-
known that the aforementioned methods of
administration have certain disadvantages. For
example, the buccal and rectal administration often
produce discomfort and aggravation to the patient.
The intravenous and intramuscular routes are not only
painful for the patient, but also must be performed by
trained individuals. Oral administration, although
generally acceptable by the patient, may have the
disadvantages of poor absorption of the therapeutic
agent from the gastrointestinal tract or degradation
which may be caused by the acidic medium of the
stomach, enzymes in gastrointestinal tract,
interaction with ingested food or by rapid metabolism
by the liver through which the drug must pass before
it enters the systemic circulation.
Recognizing these disadvantages, many
investigators have used transdermal route to deliver
the therapeutically active agent into systemic
circulation. Various therapeutic and cosmetic agents
are used for the treatment of a number of skin
conditions, for example, hydrocortisone for pruritus
and erythema in atopic dermatitis, sulconazole nitrate
for fungal infection of the skin, tretinoin for
photoaging, and 5—fluorouracil for psoriasis and skin
cancer. However, the skin of humans and other warm
blooded animals provides an excellent barrier to the
penetration of exogenous chemical substances. The
outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum,
offers maximum resistance to penetration, whereas the
lower layers are relatively permeable. For the proper
treatment of skin disorders or skin diseases, it is
important that the pharmacologically active agent
penetrates the stratum corneum and is made available
at appropriate concentrations at the site of action
which can be the stratum corneum, the viable
epidermis, the epidermis—dermis junction, the dermis
itself, or all the aforementioned layers of the skin
depending upon the type of disorder or disease
‘condition.
In certain skin conditions such as ichthyosis,
callus or plaque psoriasis, the stratum corneum is
thicker and thus can provide a significantly greater
barrier to penetration of the drug, reducing its
efficacy. However, in a few disease conditions, such
as psoriasis, the stratum corneum is not intact and
hence is more permeable than normal skin. As the
disease or condition improves, there will be
restructuring of the barrier and therefore, the
resistance for the permeation of the therapeutically
active ingredient will increase.
To achieve a consistent supply of therapeutic
active ingredient at the site of action during the
treatment of skin diseases, it has been found that the
use of penetration enhancer is essential.
Investigators have turned to various enhancing agents,
for example, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide,
methyldecylsulfoxide (U.S. Patent No. 3,527,864),
dimethylacetamide (U.S. Patent No. 3,472,931), and N~
alkyl-2 pyrrollidone (U.S. Patent No. 3,696,516), for
topical as well as systemic delivery of therapeutic
active agents. However, the use of the aforementioned
penetration enhancers is not without problems. For
example the use of dimethylsulfoxide causes a foul
taste and body odor, causes burning and erythema on
the skin, reduces the relucency of the lens cortex and
causes tissue necrosis in animals (Martindale, Ihg
Extra Pharmacopoeia, pages 1461-1463, Twenty-Seventh
Edition, 1977). Dimethylformamide and
dimethylacetamide also cause a sensation of burning
and erythema on the skin. As a result, there exists a
need for a novel agent to enhance the absorption
through the skin of therapeutic agents which is devoid
of the disadvantages and drawbacks that to date have
characterized many of the prior art enhancing agents.
The present invention discloses such an agent as
dibutyl adipate (DBA) and the combination of dibutyl
adipate and isopropyl myristate (IPM).
Dibutyl adipate is marketed under the trade name
CETIOL B® by Henkel Corporation as a low fat emollient
for cosmetic products. It is disclosed as being a
solvent for lipid soluble substances and as possessing
good spreading properties. It is also recommended for
Watson and Finlay, British Journal of Dermatology (1988),
118, pages 523-530, studied the stratum corneum penetration
characteristics of a formulation consisting of tritium labeled
c1obetasol—17—propionate dissolved in low viscosity oil
dibutyl adipate, wax and liquid paraffin matrix.
LU—A-84 059 describes compositions containing a steroid
dissolved in an oily solvent, such as dibutyl adipate and/or
isopropyl myristate. The concentration of the steroid in the
solution is such that the degree of unsaturation is at least
3.
Altmeyer and Zaun, Arch. Derm. Forsch. 248, 387-390
(1974) examined solutions of respectively 0,1% triamcinolone
acetonide, 0,1% triamcinolone acetonide cumaric acid ester, or
a mixture of 0,05% of either substance in dibutyl adipate.
Isopropyl myristate is known as a penetration
enhancer for topical preparations. However, the
applicants are unaware of any reference where a
synergestic effect was reported in skin penetration
enhancement from the combination of DBA and IPM.
The present invention discloses that emollient
solvents such as dibutyl adipate when used in an
optimum amount, alone or in combination with isopropyl
'myristate, can enhance as well as control the
epidermal, dermal and transdermal penetration of
various topically applied preparations.
Various dermally effective pharmacological agents
are known which can provide beneficial effects when
applied topically to the skin to treat surface or
subsurface diseases or for creating skin conditions
which protect the skin from external factors. other
pharmacological agents are also known which-can
provide beneficial effects when absorbed into the
systemic circulation. A composition of such
systemically effective pharmacological agents in
combination with dibutyl adipate or a mixture of
dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate can greatly
enhance the rate of penetration of agents through the
skin and increase the amount absorbed into the
systemic circulation. Thus, it is possible to have a
systemic effect through topical application of said
composition. The topical delivery of systemically
effective pharmacologic agents can be of significant
advantage in cases where drugs produce gastric
problems, are not well absorbed when given orally, or
are rapidly metabolized in the liver, e.g. the "first
pass" effect. In such cases, the use of topical
delivery can give a systemic response at lower dosage
than required orally. Topical delivery also avoids
the disadvantages present in the intravenous route of
administration, which might otherwise be necessary to
achieve effective blood levels at reasonable dosage
amounts. Such dermatological agents can be made more
beneficial by enhancing their penetration through the
protective layer of the skin in accord the with
present invention.
The present invention relates to the enhancement
as well as the control of epidermal, dermal and
transdermal penetration of various topically applied
preparations. More specifically, the invention
relates to composition and methods for enhancing
and/or controlling epidermal, dermal and transdermal
penetration of topically applied pharmacologically
active agents by use of dibutyl adipate, or a
combination of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl
myristate.
An object of the present invention is to provide
an agent for enhancing and/or controlling skin
permeation of therapeutic agents.
It is also an object of the present invention to
provide an agent which will enhance and/or
control epidermal and dermal absorption of
dermatological (that is, cosmetic or therapeutic)
agents and enhance and/or control delivery through the
skin and into the general circulation of systemically
active therapeutic agents.
Another object of the invention is to provide an
enhancing agent which is devoid of side effects.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide
a composition utilizing such enhancing
agents, which formulations are useful for topical
application.
Still another objective of the invention is to
provide a method for enhancing the skin penetration of
therapeutic chemicals.
other objectives, features and advantages of the‘
invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art
upon a study of this disclosure and appended claims.
Figure 1 shows the skin penetration of
halobetasol propionate from FN973 cream, FN9-
28150-71 cream and U1travate?ointment.
Figure 2 shows the skin penetration of
halobetasol propionate from FN979 ointment,
FN980 ointment and Ultravate®0intment.
Figure 3 shows the skin penetration of BMY 30047
from cream formulations FN956, FN9-28190+51,
FN963 and 30047-CA.
Figure 4 shows the results of rhino mouse assay
of FN920 in comparison to Retin A?
It has been found that the dermal and transdermal
penetration of a pharmacologically active compound can
be substantially improved by incorporating the
compound into a composition containing a dermal and
transdermal effective amount of dibutyl adipate or a
mixture of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate.
This unexpected effect is quite useful in that it
allows one to improve the dermal and transdermal
delivery of pharmacologically active compounds from
the composition, thereby allowing one to achieve the
same‘leve1 of efficacy with a lower overall
concentration of the pharmacologically active compound
in the composition.
Therefore, the present invention relates to a topical
composition for enhancing skin penetration of a
pharmacologically active agent comprising:
a) an effective amount of a pharmacologically active agent
selected from an a- or fl-hydroxycarboxylic acid,
ketocarboxylic acid or ester, lactone or salt thereof;
b) dibutyl adipate in an amount such that the ‘
pharmacologically active agent is present in the
composition in the form of a suspension, saturated
solution or solution having a degree of unsaturation of
not more than 1.5; and
c) a pharmaceutically acceptable non—toxic topical vehicle.
The present invention further relates to a topical
composition for enhancing skin penetration of a
pharmacologically active agent comprising:
a) an effective amount of a pharmacologically active agent
selected from a steroid, retinoid and arotinoid or from an
a- or B-hydroxycarboxylic acid, ketocarboxylic acid or
ester, lactone or salt thereof;
b) , a mixture of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate in an
amount such that the pharmacologically active agent is
present in the composition in the form of a suspension,
saturated solution or solution having a degree of
unsaturation of not more than 1.5; and
c) a pharmaceutically acceptable non—toxic topical vehicle.
The compositions of the present invention may also
contain other ingredients of the type commonly
employed by those skilled in the art of compositions
for topical application. These may include, for
example, carriers, emollients, surfactants and/or an
additional penetration enhancer.
A composition can be any suitable non-toxic or
pharmaceutically acceptable topical carrier material
or vehicle such as a solution, suspension, emulsion,
lotion, cream, gel, ointment, liposomes, aerosol
spray, polymeric gel, sol, a cataplasm, a plaster, a
patch, film, or a tape preparation, which are well-
known to those skilled in the art of topical
pharmaceutical formulation.
The methods of this invention apply to topical
compositions containing a wide variety of
pharmacologically active agents including but not
limited to:
steroids such as hydrocortisone, prednisolone,
betamethasone and triamcinolone; antiphoto—
aging compounds such as retinoids, arotinoids;
and drugs to treat disturbed keratinization of
skin such as a or B hydrocarboxylic acid and
related ketocarboxylic acid and ester,
lactones or salt forms thereof.
Preferably the pharmacological agent is from
0.001% Wt to
However, the effective amount of a specific
% wt of total composition.
pharmacological agent will vary in accordance with
parameters well understood by the physician or
veterinarian. These parameters include the condition
being treated, the age, weight and physical condition
of the subject, and of course, the specific agent
selected.
The optimum level of DBA or a mixture of DBA and
IPM may be readily evaluated by a few simple tests
such as those described herein.
In general, for a given label strength of a
pharmacologically active agent, it is preferred to use
a minimum amount of solvent DBA, or DBA and IPM to
dissolve the drug completely and yet maintain
favorable partition coefficient and diffusion through
the stratum corneum of the skin.
The general rate of penetration is in order of
optimal solubilized solution > dilute solution. It is
also necessary to consider the contribution of other
solvents on the solubility of the given strength of
the pharmacologically active agent in the composition.
Generally, the concentration of DBA is 0.1% wt %
to 99 wt % and the concentration for IPM is from
0 wt % to 99.9 wt %. The more preferred concentration
of DBA is from 0.1 wt % to 50 wt % and of
IPM is from 1 wt % to 30 wt %. All
percentages of composition components recited are,
unless otherwise indicated, weight percentage (wt %)
and are based upon the weight of the composition.
The present invention will be described with
reference to the examples below but it is not deemed
to be limited only to these examples.
EXAMPLE 1
In Vitro Skin Penetration Studv
The following test method may be employed with
human skin to determine epidermal or dermal or
transdermal penetration of pharmacologically active
compounds used in the practice of this invention. The
procedure is also applicable to skin of other warm
blooded animals.
Skin Preparation
Normal excised human skin obtained from breast
reduction or abdominal skin samples obtained from the
Firefighters Skin Bank were used. The skin samples
were stored in a freezer at -30°C until needed. Only
skin that appeared normal was used. Historical
evidence of chronic illness, skin disease or skin
injury excluded use of skin samples in the study.
The skin obtained from the Firefighters Skin Bank.
was supplied as sterile, split-thickness skin with
most of the underlying dermis already removed. The
skin was thawed and rinsed in normal saline for about
minutes prior to use.
The skin obtained from breast reduction autopsy
was full thickness skin. It was thawed at room
temperature in normal saline followed by freezing on a
microtome with carbon dioxide and sectioning to a
layer around 200 micrometers thick. It was then
-12..
stored in normal saline at 5°C until about 8 hours
before use.
Skin Penetration
The skin sections were mounted on flat-top Franz
diffusion cells with a diffusional cross-section of
0.636 cm2 or 1.8 cnF. A 50 or 100 microliter sample of
test formulation was placed on the stratum corneum
surface of the skin in the donor compartment and the
receptor compartment was filled with 4 to 8 ml of
normal saline or 30% isopropanol in water. The
selection of receptor fluid depended on the drug
candidate whose penetration had to be evaluated. The
main objective was to maintain sink conditions in the
receptor compartment. The receptor fluid was well
stirred throughout the experiment and the temperature
was maintained by circulating water at 37°C through
the water jacket of the diffusion cell. A 150 to 500~
microliter sample was withdrawn from the receptor
compartment at appropriate intervals and analyzed for
drug content by HPLC or by scintillation counter for
radioactive drug. The receptor fluid was replenished
with normal saline after each withdrawal. All the
receptor fluid and replenished fluid was thoroughly
degassed before use.
EXAMPLE 2
Halobetasol propionate (BMY 30056) is an ultra-
potent steroid used topically for the treatment of
dermatological conditions such as eczema and
psoriasis. Halobetasol propionate is commercially
available by Bristol-Myers Squibb as ULTRAVATE*Cream
and ULTRAVATE Ointment. The composition of these
commercial products and also several experimental
formulations are given in Table 1 and Table 2.
ULTRAVATE Cream is an oil in water emulsion containing
isopropyl palmitate and isopropyl isostearate as
emollients. The ULTRAVATE Ointment is a nonaqueous
emulsion of propylene glycol in a petrolatum base.
The in vitro human skin penetration of these two
compositions and experimental formulation FN825
cream is given in Table 3 under Study I. It is
observed that the ULTRAVATE Cream has lower skin
penetration than ULTRAVATE Ointment. The presence of
the emollients isopropyl palmitate and isopropyl
isostearate, which are known to have a similar
penetration enhancement property to isopropyl
myristate, did not enhance the penetration of
halobetasol propionate from ULTRAVATE Cream in
comparison to ULTRAVATE Ointment. The increase in
skin penetration of halobetasol propionate from
ULTRAVATE Ointment can be due to the presence of the
*'h3deD®rk
.
penetration enhancer propylene glycol, as well as due
to occlusion provided by petrolatum. The experimental
cream FN825 having 15 wt % dibutyl adipate (DBA)
and 7 wt % propylene glycol (PG) showed poor
penetration in comparison to ULTRAVATE*Ointment and
was not superior to ULTRAVATE Cream. The poor
penetration of this experimental formulation is due to
oversolubilisation of halobetasol propionate in the
cream vehicle by dibutyl adipate and the resulting
reduction of partitioning of halobetasol into the
skin. These findings are similar to those reported by
Harding et al. (Clinical and Experimental Dermatology,
Vol. 10, page 13-21, 1985) who, when using 18 wt % DBA
and 10 wt % PG in clobetasol propionate cream
formulation, observed reduced penetration of
clobetasol propionate. These findings confirm that
DBA reduces percutaneous absorption of therapeutic
agent when used in a concentration which
oversolubilizes the drug in the formulation.
In a different human skin study, the in vitro
skin penetration of halobetasol propionate from
ULTRAVATE Ointment, FN816 cream and FN813
cream were evaluated (Table 3, Study II). ULTRAVATE
Ointment was used as a control in order to normalize
the data, and to assist in the comparison of skin
penetration of different formulations when evaluated
* Trade Mark
for skin penetration in different human skin. The
rank order of penetration at 72 hours is ULTRAVATE*
Ointment > FN816 cream > FN8—1114-13 cream.
ULTRAVATE Cream contains isopropyl palmitate and
isopropyl isostearate, which are reported to have skin
penetration enhancement properties similar to
isopropyl myristate (IPM). However, ULTRAVATE Cream
containing these fatty acid esters shows poor
penetration in comparison to Ultravate Ointment (Table
3, Study I). The cream formulation FN8—1114-16
containing 6 wt % IPM and 2 wt % DBA shows about a
five-fold increase in skin penetration than ULTRAVATE
Cream (compare results from Study I and Study II,
Table 3) and has about four-fifths of the penetration
of ULTRAVATE Ointment.
Cream formulation FN813 containing 6 wt %
IPM + 2 wt % DBA + 23 wt % PG showed about 3 times
more penetration than ULTRAVATE Cream but was not
superior to ULTRAVATE Ointment nor the cream FN8
16.
It can be concluded from Study I and Study II
that (a) by using an optimum amounts of DBA and IPM
which are just sufficient to dissolve halobetasol
propionate in the cream, one can enhance the skin
penetration of halobetasol propionate, (b) inclusion
of PG, a known penetration enhancer, in the
* Trade Mark
formulation containing optimum amounts of DBA and IPM
does not improve the skin penetration of halobetasol
propionate any further, and (c)a mixture of DBA and
IPM in the new cream formulation showed better skin
penetration of halobetasol propionate than Ultravate*
Cream having a mixture of isopropyl isostearate and
isopropyl palmitate. Hence, the combination of DBA
and IPM has a superior skin penetration enhancing
property than isopropyl isostearate or isopropyl
palmitate or IPM.
The in vitro skin penetration of ULTRAVATE
Ointment (control) and experimental cream FN9—28150-
71 and FN973 was evaluated in another
experiment (study III, Table 3, Fig. 1). The rank
order of penetration at 72 hours is FN971 cream
2 fiLTRAVATE Ointment 2 FN973 cream.
The FN971 cream contains 0.5 wt % DBA and
wt % IPM as solvents. This solvent mixture results
in a saturated solution of 0.05 wt % of halobetasol
propionate in the cream formulation. This cream
showed about 7.5 times more enhanced skin penetration
than ULTRAVATE Cream and was slightly better than
ULTRAVATE Ointment (Compare Study III with Study I in
Table 3).
The FN973 cream contains a 4 wt % DBA and
wt % IPM as solvents. The solvent concentration in
* Trade Mark
this formulation is slightly in excess of what is
necessary to dissolve the given strength of
halobetasol propionate in the formula. Therefore, it
gave comparatively less skin penetration than that of
the formula having a saturated solution eg. FN9
71 cream. ‘
Generally petrolatum—based ointments, because of
their occlusive nature, show superior skin penetration
of pharmacologically active agents as compared to that
of cream formulations. The present invention
demonstrates that one can formulate cream formulations
having appropriate proportions of IPM and DBA, to
obtain skin penetration similar to or better than that
of ointments.
Petrolatum-based ointments are also greasy in
nature and in certain instances it may be desired to
have cosmetically elegant (less greasy) topical
products, such as creams, lotions, gels and solutions
having penetrations of the pharmacologic active
similar to that of an ointment. The present invention
demonstrates such an achievement and therefore, the
more cosmetically elegant formulation.
It is also clear from the above examples (Figure
1) that it is possible to control the rate of
penetration of drug by just changing the proportion of
DBA and IPM in the formula (compare example FN9
with FN973). This concept is very useful in
dermal and transdermal products to control the rate of
delivery of the drug to the site of action.
The in vitro skin penetration data of halobetasol
propionate ointments FN979 and FN980,
and commercial ULTRAVATE*0intment as a control is
shown in Fig. 2, and Study IV of Table 3. The rank
order of penetration is FN980 ointment >
ULTRAVATE Ointment 2 FN979 ointment.
The FN979 ointment contains 2 wt % DBA and
6 wt % IPM in an optimum amount, just enough to
dissolve halobetasol propionate in the ointment
formulation. This new ointment gave penetration
similar to that of the ULTRAVATE ointment containing
PG as an enhancer.
The FN980 ointment is similar to the FN9-
28150-79 ointment but it contains ozokerite. This new
ointment showed 1.5 times more penetration than
ULTRAVATE Ointment or the FN979 ointment. This
improved penetration is due to the use of an optimum
mixture of IPM and DBA and may be due to the enhanced
occlusion obtained by incorporating ozkerite in the
ointment base.
It is a common practice to use PG as a
penetration enhancer in dermal and transdermal
preparations. PG, as discussed earlier, can be a
* Trade Mark
sensitizer and irritant when applied topically. The
side effects of PG are more pronounced in an occluded
condition such as occurs in the application of an
ointment or a transdermal patch (C. Huriez, P. Martin
and M. Mennecier, L'a1lergie au propylene glycol, 3gyL
Franc. Al1erg., Vol. 6: pages 200-205, 1966; M.
Hannuksela, V. Pirila and O.P. Salo, Skin reactions to
propylene glycol, Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 1: pages
112-116, 1975; S. Agren-Jonsson and B. Magnusson,
Sensitization to propantheline bromide,
trichlorocarbanilide and propylene glycol in an
antiperspirant, Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 2: pages 79-
80, 1976; and K. Motoyoshi, S. Nozawa, M. Yosimura and
K. Matsada, The safety of propylene glycol and other
humectants, Cosmet. Toilet., Vol. 99: pages 83-91,
October 1984.) The present invention demonstrates
that by incorporating optimal amounts of dibutyl
adipate and isopropyl myristate into a topical
formulation, the formulation can have the benefits of
enhanced skin penetration of pharmacologically active
compounds without the use of propylene glycol or the
possible associated irritation or sensitization.
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ucoom mcqcmxoflna om.m om.> oo.m xmz mmmm
ucmmm mcamuamasem om.» om.» om.» em masehnmn
ucm>Hom III III om.> HOUWHU mcmahmoum
_ u:maHaosm\ucm>Hom oo.m oo.m III wumumwuhz a>moumomH
l u:wflHHoaw\u:m>aom oo.m oo.~ III mummaufi aaudnao
Q u:m«vwum:H ®>Huo< mo.o mo.o mo.o wumcowmoum aommumnoamm
\3 w
mamcoflmm 3\3 w 3? » ucmeucflo mu:wA.vw..~m:H
omuomammumzm mnuomawmnmzm ¥ HB<>
.m:0wuma:EH0w flCOE#CMO HMUEDEHHUQXO UCM AemH<>
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-22..
Table 3
In-vitro skin penetration of 0.05 wt ts halobetasol propionate
from different formulations.
Amount penetrated in 72
Formulation hours (micrograms)
Stul
ULTRAVATEO Ointment
(PG 7 wt 96) 2.29
ULTRAVATEO Cream
(lsopropyl isostearate 3 wt 96 + lsopropyl
palmitate 2 wt 96) 0.38
FN8—1089-25 cream
(DBA15wt%+PG7wt%) 0.35
Study II
ULTRAVATEO Ointment
(PG 7 wt %) 4.76
FN816 cream
(DBA2wt%+|PM6wt%) 3.9
FN813 cream
(DBA2wt%+lPM6wt%+PG23wt%) 2.15
Stu III
ULTRAVATEG Ointment
(PG 7 wt 94.) 3.75
FN971 cream
(DBA 0.5 wt 96 + IPM 10 wt 96) 4.75
' FN973 cream
(DBA 4 wt 96 + IPM 10 wt 96) 2.61
Study N
ULTRAVATEO Ointment
(PG 7 wt as) 3.75
FN979 ointment
(DBA2wt%+ |PM6wt%) 3.48
FN980 ointment
(DBA2wt% + lPM6wt% + Ozokerito
wt 96) 5.57
Amount penetrated In
percentage relative to
ULTRAVATE Ointment as
Control
.28
.16
.00
.50
* Amount in micrograms penetrated per cm2 area of the skin.
results are average of multiple determinations.
EXAMPLE 3
Rhino Mouse Utricle Model To Evaluate Efficacy Of
Retinoid Formulations
The skin of rhino mouse is characterized by the
presence of numerous large cysts resembling comedones
(S. J. Mann, Hairloss and cyst formation in hairless
and rhino mutant mice, Anat. Rec., Vol. 170, pages
485-500, 1971) and is useful as a model system for the
pharmacologic testing of agents, such as retinoids,
for the treatment of acne (R. E. Ashton, M. J. Connor
and N. J. Lowe, Histological changes in the skin of
the rhino mouse induced by retinoids, J. Invest.
Qggmg, Vol. 82: pages 632-635, 1984; E. J. Van Scott,
Experimental animal integumental models for screening
potential dermatologic drugs, in: Advances in Biology
of the Skin, Vol. XII. Pharmacology and the Skin, W.
Motagna, E. J. Van Scott and R. B. Stoughton, Editors,
Meredith Corporation, New York, pages 523-531, 1972.)
The experimental details of the model used to evaluate
the efficacy of tretinoin formulations are given
below.
Female rhino mice were obtained from the Skin and
Cancer Hospital, Temple University, Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania.
Upon receipt, the rhino mice were
treated with an anti-parasitic agent, trichlorfon
(COMBOT®), to rid them of pinworms. It was
administered in their drinking water for two weeks.
An additional two weeks was allowed to pass without
COMBOT*treatment before mice were placed on study.
Animals were housed in accordance with the National
Institute of Health guidelines and had free access to
food and water. At the time of the study initiation,
the mice were 9-14 weeks old.
The mice were individually housed in a plastic shoe
box cage with corn cob bedding and placed in rooms
lighted with yellow lights, cycled for 12 hours on and
12 hours off during the study.
The mice were divided into groups of five and their
contralateral flank sites were treated with 50
microliters test formulations and vehicle or ethanol.
one group of mice was run as a control with treatment
of vehicle or ethanol. Animals were treated once a
day for five days.
Two days after the last treatment, the animals were
sacrificed by C02 inhalation, and the skin sections
from the test and control sites were taken. Excessive
fat and connective tissue from the subcutaneous region
of the skin were removed using a scalpel. The skin
was then placed on filter paper and a biopsy of 7/8"
of the circular area of skin was removed by arch
punch. The epidermal sheet from the biopsy was
* Trade Mark
separated from the dermis after incubation in 0.5%
acetic acid solution for 10-20 hours at 4°C. These
sheets were then fixed in formalin, dehydrated with
ethanol and cleared in xylene.
The sheets were then evaluated for changes in the
sizes of the utriculi as follows: The maximum
diameter of 20 representative utriculi per tissue
sample were measured, using an IBM PC computer image
measurement program (Microscience, Inc., Federal Way,
Washington D.C.) and an Olympus microscope (200x
magnification).
Retinoid effects were evaluated as a percent
reduction in utricle diameter by comparing mean
diameter of the vehicle treated groups to that of
formulation treated groups.
EXAMPLE 4
Formulations containing 1% BMY 30047 (11—cis, 13-
cishydroxymethyl retinoic acid, delta lactone)
developed in a vehicle (30047-CA) similar to the
marketed RETIN-A*cream and in other experimental
creams are shown in Table 4 and Table 5 respectively.
The in vitro human skin penetration of BMY 30047
from these formulations is shown in Fig. 3 and Table
. The rank order of penetration is FN956
* Trade Mark
-26..
cream 2 FN9—28150-51 cream 2, FN963 cream 2,
30047-CA cream.
The FN956 cream containing 20 wt % DBA and
wt % IPM gave as much as nine times the skin
_penetration of BMY 30047 than that of the cream having
wt % IPM and 0.1 wt % sodium lauryl sulfate (30047-
C-O3-A) and the cream containing 10 wt % IPM, 20 wt %
Capmul MCM*and 0.1 wt % octoxynol-9 (FN963).
The skin penetration of the cream containing 30
wt % DBA (FN951) was about one-half the
penetration of the cream containing 20 wt % DBA and 10
wt % IPM (FN9—28190-56) and about five times the
penetration of the other two experimental creams.
It can be concluded from this study that dibutyl
adipate enhances the skin penetration of BMY 30047 and
that the skin penetration is further enhanced when
isopropyl myristate is used in conjunction with
dibutyl adipate. The data suggests that there is
synergism in penetration enhancement when DBA and IPM
are used together.
* Trade Mark
Table 4
Composition 1 wt % BMY 30047 Cream (30047-CA)
-CA
Ingredient % w/w Rationale
BMY 30047 1.00 Active Ingredient
Stearic Acid 18.00 Thickening Agent
Isopropyl Myristate 15.00 Solvent/Emollient
PEG-40—stearate 5.00 Emulsifying Agent
Stearyl Alcohol 2.00 Thickening Agent
Xanthan Gum 0.60 Thickening Agent
Sorbic Acid 0.20 Micropreservative
BHA 0.10 Antioxidant
BHT 0.10 Antioxidant
sodium Lauryl sulfate 0.10 Emulsifying Agent
Water for Production
.90
Vehicle
Table 5
Composition of 1 wt % BMY 30047 creams
Ingredient FN9S6 FN951 FN963 Rationale
BMY 30047 1.00 1.00 1.00 Active Ingredient
Dibutyl Adipate 20.00 30.00 -- Solvent/Emollient
Isopropyl Myrislate 10.00 -— 10.00 Solvent/Emollient
Capmul MCM‘ — —— 2o.oo Solvent/Emollient
Octoxynol-9 -— —— 0.10 Emulsifying Agent
Stcareth-2 2.50 2.50 2.50 Emulsifying Agent
Steareth-21 2.50 2.50 2.50 Emulsifying Agent
Cetyl Alcohol 2.00 2.00 2.00 Thickening Agent
BHA 0.075 0.075 0.075 Antioxidant
BHT 0.075 0.075 0.075 Antioxidant
Stcaryl Alcohol 7.00 7.00 7.00 Thickening Agent
Glyceryl Stearate 1.00 1.00 1.00 Ernulsifying Agent
1aureth—4 1.00 1.00 1.00 Ernulsifying Agent
Glycerin 2.00 2.00 2.00 Humectant
Na2EDTA 0.05 0.05 0.05 Chelating Agent
Methyl Paraben 0.20 0.20 0.20 Micropreservative
Propyl Paraben 0.20 0.20 0.20 Micropreservative
Germall 11° 0.20 0.20 0.20 Micmpreservative
Water for Production 50.20 50.20 50.21) Vehicle
Table 6
In-vitro skin penetration of 1.0 wt 2 any 30047 in different
cream formulations.
Amount of BHY 30047
penetrated in 168
hours
Formulation (micrograms/cmF)"
FN956 (20 wt % DEA + 10 wt % IPM) 45.66
FN951 (30 wt % DBA) 23.15
FN963 (CAPMUL Men‘ 20 wt 2 + IPM
wt % + octoxynol-9 0.1 wt 8) 5.33
3004250-O3-A (IPM 15 wt % + 0.1 wt %
SLS) 4.20
:*Capmu1 MCM is glyceryl caprylate/caprate
Average of 2 or 3 determinations
SLS is sodium lauryl sulfate
nt
EXAMPLE 5
Tretinoin is a retinoid used topically for the
treatment of acne, and more recently, A.M. Kligman
(U.S. Patent 4,603,146), discloses the use of
tretinoin in the treatment of photodamaged human
facial skin. Tretinoin is marketed by Johnson &
Johnson under the trade name RETIN-AT.
The composition of the experimental 0.01 wt %
tretinoin cream formulation is given in Table 7. For
the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of tretinoin in
experimental formulation in comparison to the marketed
RETIN-A cream they were evaluated in the rhino mouse
utricle model. The test results are shown in Figure
4. The rank order of efficacy is: RETIN-A cream (0.1
wt %) > FN920 cream (0.01 wt %) = RETIN-A cream
(0.05 wt %) > RETIN-A cream 0.025 wt %.
T Trade Mark
-30.-
The FN920 cream contains 3 wt % DBA, in an
amount just sufficient to solubilize the tretinoin in
the formulation. It is clear from this example that
the formulation containing DBA increases the efficacy
and hence the topical bioavailability of tretinoin.
The FN920 cream contains a five-fold reduced
amount of tretinoin in comparison to RETIN~A7cream
containing 0.05 wt % tretinoin while maintaining the
same activity.
Table 7
The composition of 0.01 wt % tretinoin cream
FN920
Ingredients % w/w Rationale
Tretinoin 0.01 Active Ingredient
Dibutyl adipate 3.00 Solvent/Emollient
Mineral oil 4.00 Solvent/Emollient
Stearyl alcohol 5.00 Thickening Agent
Cetyl alcohol 3.00 Thickening Agent
Steareth-2 2.00 Emulsifying Agent
Steareth 21 2.00 Emulsifying Agnet
Glyceryl Stearate 1.00 Emulsifying Agent
Laureth-4 1.00 Emulsifying Agent
BHA 0.05 Antioxidant
BHT - 0.05 Antioxidant
Glycerin 4.00 Humectant
Citric acid 0.004 Chelating Agent
Kathon CG’ 0.05 Micropreservative
Germall II’ 0.10 Micropreservative
Water purified 74.73 Vehicle
* Trade Mark
-3 1..
EXAMPLE 6
Ammonium lactate is the ammonium salt of a—hydroxy
acid (lactic acid). It is marketed by Westwood-Squibb
under the trade name Lac-Hydrin* for the topical
treatment of xerosis and ichthyosis. R. J. Yu QLAQL,
(U.S. Patent 4,105,783) and E. J. Vanscott g;_g;,
(U.S. Patent 4,234,599) disclose the use of a- or B-
hydroxy acid or a-keto acids and esters thereof, their
amides and ammonium salts for therapeutic treatment of
dry skin and skin keratoses.
The composition of experimental creams containing
ammonium lactate equivalent to 30 wt % of lactic acid
is given in Table 8. Three days prior to the in vitro
skin penetration studies the experimental creams were
homogeneously mixed with “C-lactic acid (sodium salt)
to result in experimental cream having radioactivity
of about 0.01 microCi per mg.
The in vitro human skin penetration data of lactic
acid from these formulations is shown in Table 9. The
rank order of penetration is FN146 > FN1—28393-
45 > FNl47.
The FN145 cream contains 5 wt % DBA. This
cream showed about 1.4 times more penetration than
FN147 cream containing 5 wt % mineral oil.
* Trade Mark
The FN146 cream contains 3 wt % DBA and 3 wt
% IPM. This showed about 2.2 times more penetration
than FN147 cream containing 5% mineral oil.
It can be concluded from this study that dibutyl
adipate enhances the skin penetration of lactic acid
and that the skin penetration is further enhanced when
isopropyl myristate is used in conjunction with
dibutyl adipate.
mHow:w>
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m.o ~.o ~.o eHH Hamsuwo
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wumoflnwm
ucwmm UGHEGMOMSB o.m o.m o.m ESCHESHM EDHMGCDMZ
ucmmm 9:.EwxoEa m.o m.o m.o Honooam dfiwo
ucmmm. mcfimfimaaam oé oé oé Tnumusmq
ucmmm mcficwxoana m.m m.m m.m aonooam H>ummum
ucmmm mcfinfimdzam m.m m.~ m.m Hmufiouamum
ucmmm mcflflflwdnsm m.~ m.~ m.~ munumumoum
UCOHHHOEW o.H o.H o.a oom wcoownuwfiwfl
#fi0HHHOEH o.m III III wuwumfluwfi a>moumomH
ucwaaaosm o.m o.m III wummflom H%H5QHQ
ucowaaoem III III o.m Hwo Hauwcflz
w#mHmw#m ooauwmm
ucmvm Dflflhmflmddfim m.o m.o m.o nan wumumwum Hxumomaw
ucwfluwumca m>fluo< oo.mm oo.mm oo.mm mumuoma Edfifiofififi
\3 w 3x3 w 3\3 w
GHMCOHUMM
mvummnmmuazm m«nmmmm~Iazm nwummmwmuazm m#C0HUwHDCH
.UHUM OHUUMH HO W #3 on OH #COHfl>HDUO
wumuoma E5HCOEEM UGHCHMHEOU mawmno Hmvcmfiwummxm no G0fl#wmOQEOU
w wanna
Table 9
In-vitro human skin penetration of different cream formulations containing
ammonium lactate equivalent to 30 wt % of lactic acid.
Formulation Amount of C” lactic Amount penetrated in
acid penetrated in 72 percentage relative to the
hours (DPM/CM2) formulation with mineral
oil as a control
FN1 47 1 3004 1 00.00
(Mineral oil 5 wt %)
FN1~28393-45 18115 139.30
(DBA 5 wt %)
FN146 28817 221 .60
DBA3wt%+ lPM3wt%)
‘The results are an average of multiple determination
p EXAMPLE 7
This test was conducted to evaluate the irritation
and allergic potential of formulations having DBA and
IPM combination. This study method and modifications
of it have been described in variety of publications.
(A. M. Kligman and W. M. Wooding, A method for the
measurement and evaluation of irritants on human skin,
1967; F.
N. Marazulli and H. I. Maibach, in Dermatotoxicology,
Ed. 2, Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, pages 167-
296, 1983.) '
The composition of test formulations BMY 30047 1 wt
% cream (30047—CA) and its vehicle 30047-CA
cream are given in Table 10.
J. Invest. Dermatol., Vol. 49: pages 78-94,
Both test formulations
contain 20 wt % DBA and 10 wt % IPM. These test
formulations and two control formulations (0.5 wt %
sodium lauryl sulfate and RETIN-A® 0.1 wt % cream)
were applied to 27 subjects under an occlusive patch
for-21 consecutive days. Formulations were re-applied
daily, with the exception that patches applied on
Saturday were left undisturbed until Monday; the
Monday evaluation also recorded for the previous
Sunday. Skin reactions were scored on a 5-point
grading scale as follows: 0 = no sign of
irritation; 1 = slight erythema; 2 = noticeable
erythema with slight infiltration; 3 = erythema
with marked edema; 4 = erythema with edema and
blistering. Once a score of 4 was observed at any
site, no further applications were made, and a score
of 4 was assigned for the duration of the study.
Results were reported by summing scores from all
subjects and all visits. Relative irritation
potential was estimated based on comparison with
scores of the control compounds.
The cumulative irritation potentials of the test
formulations and the controls are given in Table 11.
Both the test formulations having DBA and IPM were
classified as causing "no significant irritation" as
they had very low cumulative irritation score; whereas
the control products RETIN-A® 0.1 wt % cream and 0.5
wt % sodium lauryl sulfate had a cumulative score of
432.4 and 285.6 respectively and were classified as
"moderately irritating".
This study clearly demonstrates that this invention
provides us with skin penetration enhancing agents
with negligible side effects.
Table 10
Composition of BMY 30047 cream and its vehicle
Ingredients
BMY 30047
Dibutyl Adipate
Isopropyl Myristate
Steareth—2
Steareth-21
Stearyl Alcohol
Cetyl Alcohol
Glyceryl Stearate
Laureth-4
Glycerin
Kathon CG®
Germall II®
Water for production
-CA
% w[w
1.0
.0
.0
2.5
2.5
7.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.075
0.075
2.0
0.05
0.20
50.60
-CA
% w[w
.0
.0
2.5
2.5
7.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.075
0.075
2.00
0.05
0.2
51.60
-38..
Table 11
Results of 21-day cumulative irritation test in
humans.
Formulation
-CA cream
(1 wt % BMY 30047 + 20 wt %
DBA + 10 wt % IPM)
—CA cream vehicle
(20 wt % DBA + 10 wt % IPM)
Retin A® 0.1 wt % cream
.5 wt % sodium lauryl sulfate
in petrolatum
Cumulative Irritation Score
Claims (1)
- CLAIMS A topical composition for enhancing skin penetration of a pharmacologically active agent comprising: an effective amount of a pharmacologically active agent selected from an a- or B-hydroxycarboxylic acid, ketocarboxylic acid or ester, lactone or salt thereof; dibutyl adipate in an amount such that the pharmacologically active agent is present in the composition in the form of a suspension, saturated solution or solution having a degree of unsaturation of not more than 1.5; and a pharmaceutically acceptable non—toxic topical vehicle. A topical composition for enhancing skin penetration of a pharmacologically active agent comprising: an effective amount of a pharmacologically active agent selected from a steroid, retinoid and arotinoid or from an a— or B-hydroxycarboxylic acid, ketocarboxylic acid or ester, lactone or salt thereof; a mixture of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate in an amount such that the pharmacologically active agent is present in the composition in the form of a suspension, saturated solution or solution having a degree of unsaturation of not more than 1.5; and a pharmaceutically acceptable non—toxic topical vehicle. -40.. The composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein I the active agent is present in the form of a saturated solution. The composition as claimed in claim 1 or 2 wherein the active agent is present in the form of a solution having a degree of unsaturation of not more than 1 5 The composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the dibutyl adipate is present in an amount of from 0.1 wt % to 99 wt %, based on the weight of the composition, and the isobutyl myristate is present in an amount of 0 wt % to 50 wt %, based on the weight of the composition. The composition as claimed in claim 5, wherein the dibutyl adipate is present in an amount of 0.1 wt % to 50 wt %, based on the weight of the composition, and the isopropyl myristate is present in an amount of 1 wt % to 30 wt %, based on the weight of the composition. The composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the active agent is present in an amount of 0.001 wt % to 80 wt %, based on the weight of the composition. The composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the active agent is selected from tretinoin, halobetasol, propionate or 1l—cis, 13-cis—12- hydroxymethyl retinoic acid, 6—1actone or from an a or B—hydroxycarboxylic acid or salt thereof. The composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the uehydroxycarboxylic acid or salt thereof is lactic acid or ammonium lactate. The use of dibutyl adipate or a mixture of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate together with a pharmacologically active agent for preparing a topical composition for controlled and enhanced dermal penetration as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9. A process for preparing a topical composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9 which comprises incorporating the pharmacologically active agent into dibutyl adipate or a mixture of dibutyl adipate and isopropyl myristate and a pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic topical vehicle. F. R. KELLY & CO. AGENTS FOR THE APPLICANTS.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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USUNITEDSTATESOFAMERICA17/05/19917 | |||
US70194491A | 1991-05-17 | 1991-05-17 | |
US79093991A | 1991-11-12 | 1991-11-12 |
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Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0513832B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3331414B2 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE194919T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU660017B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2068763C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69231287T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0513832T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2148158T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3034417T3 (en) |
IE (1) | IE921573A1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX9202235A (en) |
PT (1) | PT513832E (en) |
TW (1) | TW218849B (en) |
Families Citing this family (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4335933C2 (en) * | 1993-10-21 | 1998-09-03 | Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh | Skin cleanser |
US5420106A (en) * | 1994-03-22 | 1995-05-30 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Method and composition having enhanced alpha-hydroxy acid skin permeation and retention |
JP3576608B2 (en) * | 1994-11-15 | 2004-10-13 | 日東電工株式会社 | Patches and patch preparations |
US5702720A (en) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-12-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Transdermal device for the delivery of flurbiprofen |
DE19616539A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-11-06 | Luitpold Pharma Gmbh | Alcoholic solutions containing acetylsalicylic acid for percutaneous use, their use for antithrombotic therapy and medicines |
US5990100A (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-11-23 | Panda Pharmaceuticals, L.L.C. | Composition and method for treatment of psoriasis |
US6503894B1 (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2003-01-07 | Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Pharmaceutical composition and method for treating hypogonadism |
EP1952809B1 (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2017-08-02 | Besins Healthcare Luxembourg SARL | Formulations for the reduction of breast density with 4-Hydroxy Tamoxifen |
MXPA05006526A (en) | 2002-12-18 | 2006-02-17 | Besins Int Lab | Treatment of mastalgia with 4-hydroxy tamoxifen. |
EP1608353B1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2014-04-30 | Besins Healthcare Luxembourg SARL | Prevention and treatment of breast cancer with 4-hydroxy tamoxifen |
NZ544031A (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2008-08-29 | Univ Northwestern | Treatment and prevention of excessive scarring with 4-hydroxy tamoxifen |
HUP0303313A2 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2005-07-28 | Richter Gedeon Vegyészeti Gyár Rt. | Transdermal pharmaceutical compositions |
US7968532B2 (en) | 2003-12-15 | 2011-06-28 | Besins Healthcare Luxembourg | Treatment of gynecomastia with 4-hydroxy tamoxifen |
US7507769B2 (en) | 2004-03-22 | 2009-03-24 | Laboratoires Besins International | Treatment and prevention of benign breast disease with 4-hydroxy tamoxifen |
MX2007002451A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2007-05-11 | Univ Boston | Use of thyroid hormone conversion inhibitors. |
DK2450041T3 (en) | 2005-10-12 | 2018-11-19 | Unimed Pharmaceuticals Llc | Enhanced testosterone gel for use in the treatment of hypogonadism |
WO2007046315A1 (en) * | 2005-10-17 | 2007-04-26 | Nisshin Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | External preparation for skin |
WO2009015366A2 (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2009-01-29 | Trustees Of Boston University | Use of thyroid hormone conversion inhibitors to treat hyperproliferative disorders |
US8809307B2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2014-08-19 | Dow Pharmaceutical Sciences, Inc. | Pharmaceutical formulations containing corticosteroids for topical administration |
US11957753B2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2024-04-16 | Bausch Health Ireland Limited | Pharmaceutical formulations containing corticosteroids for topical administration |
US8962028B2 (en) * | 2012-10-18 | 2015-02-24 | MiCal Pharmaceuticals LLC—H Series, a Series of MiCal Pharmaceuticals LLC, a Multi-Division Limited Liability Company | Topical steroid composition and method |
PL3310389T3 (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2020-11-30 | Bausch Health Ireland Limited | Topical compositions comprising a corticosteroid and a retinoid for treating psoriasis |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
LU84059A1 (en) * | 1982-03-31 | 1982-07-08 | Glaxo Group Ltd | NOVEL PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING ANTI-INFLAMMATORY STEROIDS |
US4678663A (en) * | 1984-02-06 | 1987-07-07 | Nuetrogena Corporation | Hydroquinone composition having enhanced bio-availability and percutaneous adsorption |
AU601528B2 (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1990-09-13 | Ortho-Mcneil Pharmaceutical, Inc. | Resilient transdermal drug-delivery device and compositions and devices employing fatty acid esters/ethers of alkanediols and percutaneous absorption enhancers |
ATE109357T1 (en) * | 1988-02-26 | 1994-08-15 | Riker Laboratories Inc | TRANSDERMAL ESTRADIOL AS A THERAPEUTIC SYSTEM. |
US4988679A (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1991-01-29 | Leonard Chavkin | Liquid sustained release composition |
JP2593714B2 (en) * | 1989-09-20 | 1997-03-26 | 株式会社 林原生物化学研究所 | Whitening agent |
-
1992
- 1992-05-12 TW TW081103664A patent/TW218849B/zh active
- 1992-05-14 MX MX9202235A patent/MX9202235A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-15 EP EP92108286A patent/EP0513832B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-15 DK DK92108286T patent/DK0513832T3/en active
- 1992-05-15 CA CA002068763A patent/CA2068763C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-15 JP JP16528192A patent/JP3331414B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-15 PT PT92108286T patent/PT513832E/en unknown
- 1992-05-15 ES ES92108286T patent/ES2148158T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-15 AT AT92108286T patent/ATE194919T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-15 DE DE69231287T patent/DE69231287T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-05-18 AU AU16327/92A patent/AU660017B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-07-01 IE IE157392A patent/IE921573A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-09-18 GR GR20000402105T patent/GR3034417T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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