ID27071A - Katalis yang terdiri dari logam kompleks sub-grup vii berdasarkan ligan bidentat fosfonit dab pembuatan nitril - Google Patents
Katalis yang terdiri dari logam kompleks sub-grup vii berdasarkan ligan bidentat fosfonit dab pembuatan nitrilInfo
- Publication number
- ID27071A ID27071A IDW20002541A ID20002541A ID27071A ID 27071 A ID27071 A ID 27071A ID W20002541 A IDW20002541 A ID W20002541A ID 20002541 A ID20002541 A ID 20002541A ID 27071 A ID27071 A ID 27071A
- Authority
- ID
- Indonesia
- Prior art keywords
- docity
- ligan
- nitril
- phosphone
- bidentate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/48—Phosphonous acids [RP(OH)2] including [RHP(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphonous acids including [RP(SH)2], [RHP(=S)(SH)]; Derivatives thereof
- C07F9/4866—Phosphonous acids [RP(OH)2] including [RHP(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphonous acids including [RP(SH)2], [RHP(=S)(SH)]; Derivatives thereof the ester moiety containing a substituent or structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/4875—Esters with hydroxy aryl compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/1865—Phosphonites (RP(OR)2), their isomeric phosphinates (R2(RO)P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds
- C07C253/10—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by addition of hydrogen cyanide or salts thereof to unsaturated compounds to compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reactions not involving the formation of cyano groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/30—Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
- B01J2231/32—Addition reactions to C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/323—Hydrometalation, e.g. bor-, alumin-, silyl-, zirconation or analoguous reactions like carbometalation, hydrocarbation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/50—Redistribution or isomerisation reactions of C-C, C=C or C-C triple bonds
- B01J2231/52—Isomerisation reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0261—Complexes comprising ligands with non-tetrahedral chirality
- B01J2531/0266—Axially chiral or atropisomeric ligands, e.g. bulky biaryls such as donor-substituted binaphthalenes, e.g. "BINAP" or "BINOL"
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/821—Ruthenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/822—Rhodium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/824—Palladium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/845—Cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/847—Nickel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19825212A DE19825212A1 (de) | 1998-06-05 | 1998-06-05 | Katalysator, umfassend einen Komplex eines Metalls der VIII. Nebengruppe auf Basis eines zweizähnigen Phosphonitliganden und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrilen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ID27071A true ID27071A (id) | 2001-02-22 |
Family
ID=7870052
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IDW20002541A ID27071A (id) | 1998-06-05 | 1999-06-04 | Katalis yang terdiri dari logam kompleks sub-grup vii berdasarkan ligan bidentat fosfonit dab pembuatan nitril |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6521778B1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP1091804B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP4480058B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR100576667B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN1159106C (fr) |
| AR (1) | AR018438A1 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR9910956B1 (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA2334151C (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE19825212A1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2173750T3 (fr) |
| ID (1) | ID27071A (fr) |
| MY (1) | MY120574A (fr) |
| RU (1) | RU2223146C2 (fr) |
| TR (1) | TR200003625T2 (fr) |
| TW (1) | TW519496B (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1999064155A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (34)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10046026A1 (de) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-03-28 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Hydroformylierung, Xanthen-verbrückte Liganden und Katalysator, umfassend einen Komplex dieser Liganden |
| DE10136488A1 (de) | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-06 | Basf Ag | Ni(O) enthaltendes Katalysatorsystem |
| DE10150286A1 (de) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Basf Ag | Phosphinite |
| DE10150285A1 (de) * | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Basf Ag | Phosphonite |
| AR036636A1 (es) | 2001-10-12 | 2004-09-22 | Basf Ag | Fosfonita i, su uso como ligando en complejos de metal de transicion, dichos complejos, procedimiento para la obtencion de estos ultimos, uso de complejos de metal transitorio como catalizador y procedimientos para la adicion de acido cianhidrico a un doble enlace olefinico y para la isomerizacion d |
| DE10156292A1 (de) * | 2001-11-19 | 2003-05-28 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Organodiphosphoniten |
| US6660876B2 (en) | 2001-11-26 | 2003-12-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Phosphorus-containing compositions and their use in hydrocyanation, isomerization and hydroformylation reactions |
| MY138064A (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2009-04-30 | Basf Ag | Method for the separation of acids from chemical reaction mixtures by means of ionic fluids |
| US6660877B2 (en) | 2002-03-07 | 2003-12-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Phosphonite ligands and their use in hydrocyanation |
| FR2849027B1 (fr) * | 2002-12-23 | 2005-01-21 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de synthese de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles a partir de composes a insaturations ethyleniques |
| FR2850966B1 (fr) | 2003-02-10 | 2005-03-18 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de fabrication de composes dinitriles |
| FR2854891B1 (fr) | 2003-05-12 | 2006-07-07 | Rhodia Polyamide Intermediates | Procede de preparation de dinitriles |
| DE10350999A1 (de) | 2003-10-30 | 2005-06-02 | Basf Ag | Katalysator, umfassend wenigstens einen Nickel(O)Komplex stabilisiert durch einen sterisch anspruchsvollen Chelatphosphinitphosphitliganden, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrilen |
| DE102004004718A1 (de) * | 2004-01-29 | 2005-08-18 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Hydrocyanierung |
| ES2532982T3 (es) | 2005-10-18 | 2015-04-06 | Invista Technologies S.À.R.L. | Proceso de preparación de 3-aminopentanonitrilo |
| CA2644961A1 (fr) | 2006-03-17 | 2007-09-27 | Invista Technologies S.A.R.L. | Procede pour purifier des triorganophosphites grace au traitement a l'aide d'un adjuvant basique |
| US7709674B2 (en) * | 2006-07-14 | 2010-05-04 | Invista North America S.A R.L | Hydrocyanation process with reduced yield losses |
| US7919646B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-04-05 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Hydrocyanation of 2-pentenenitrile |
| US7880028B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2011-02-01 | Invista North America S.A R.L. | Process for making 3-pentenenitrile by hydrocyanation of butadiene |
| EP2146930A2 (fr) | 2007-05-14 | 2010-01-27 | INVISTA Technologies S.à.r.l. | Réacteur et procédé à haut rendement |
| CN101952004B (zh) | 2007-06-13 | 2015-08-12 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 改善己二腈质量的方法 |
| CN101918356B (zh) | 2008-01-15 | 2013-09-25 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 戊烯腈的氢氰化 |
| WO2009091771A2 (fr) | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Invista Technologies S.A R.L | Procédé de fabrication et de raffinage de 3-pentènenitrile et de raffinage de 2-méthyl-3-butènenitrile |
| FR2926816B1 (fr) | 2008-01-25 | 2010-05-14 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| CN101970392A (zh) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-02-09 | 因温斯特技术公司 | 制备环十二碳三烯的方法和制备月桂内酯的方法 |
| FR2932477B1 (fr) | 2008-06-17 | 2013-01-18 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes nitriles a partir de composes a insaturation ethylenique |
| ES2526868T3 (es) | 2008-10-14 | 2015-01-16 | Invista Technologies S.À.R.L. | Procedimiento de preparación de 2-alquilsecundario-4,5-di-(alquilnormal)fenoles |
| FR2937321B1 (fr) | 2008-10-21 | 2010-10-22 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| FR2941455B1 (fr) | 2009-01-29 | 2011-02-11 | Rhodia Operations | Procede de fabrication de composes comprenant des fonctions nitriles |
| JP5615920B2 (ja) | 2009-08-07 | 2014-10-29 | インヴィスタ テクノロジーズ エスアエルエル | ジエステルを形成するための水素化およびエステル化 |
| ES2542430T3 (es) | 2010-07-07 | 2015-08-05 | Invista Technologies S.À.R.L. | Proceso para hacer nitrilos |
| EP2614070B1 (fr) | 2010-09-07 | 2017-07-26 | Invista Technologies S.à r.l. | Compositions de nickel pour préparer un métal nickel et des complexes à base de nickel |
| CN102513157B (zh) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-05 | 渤海大学 | 一种基于双吡啶双酰胺有机配体和Keggin型多酸的铜配合物及其合成方法和应用 |
| CN104028305B (zh) * | 2014-06-19 | 2016-02-10 | 渤海大学 | 基于丁基吡唑铜配合物修饰的Keggin型晶态材料、制备方法及其在光催化材料方面的应用 |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3766237A (en) | 1972-01-25 | 1973-10-16 | Du Pont | Hydrocyanation of olefins |
| US4652542A (en) | 1984-06-21 | 1987-03-24 | Sun Refining And Marketing Company | Ruthenium-cobalt carbonyl catalysts for the dealkoxyhydroxymethylation of acetals to form glycol ethers |
| US4692426A (en) | 1984-06-21 | 1987-09-08 | Sun Refining And Marketing Company | Phosphite-promoted ruthenium-cobalt catalysts for the dealkoxyhydroxymethylation of acetals to form glycol ethers |
| JPH01102039A (ja) * | 1987-10-20 | 1989-04-19 | Sun Refining & Marketing Co | グリコールエーテル生成の為のアセタールのデアルコキシヒドロキシメチル化用ホスホナイト及びホスフィナイト促進ルテニウムーコバルト触媒 |
| US5360938A (en) | 1991-08-21 | 1994-11-01 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Asymmetric syntheses |
| US5688986A (en) | 1993-11-23 | 1997-11-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Processes and catalyst compositions for hydrocyanation of monoolefins |
| US5512695A (en) | 1994-04-14 | 1996-04-30 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Bidentate phosphite and nickel catalyst compositions for hydrocyanation of monoolefins |
| US5600032A (en) * | 1994-06-29 | 1997-02-04 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Method for producing an unsaturated alcohol |
| TW315370B (fr) | 1994-10-07 | 1997-09-11 | Du Pont | |
| US5440067A (en) | 1994-11-18 | 1995-08-08 | E. I. Dupont De Nemours And Company | Catalyzed gas phase isomerization of nonconjugated 2-alkyl-3-monoalkenenitriles |
| US5449807A (en) | 1994-11-18 | 1995-09-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Catalyzed vapor phase hydrocyanation of diolefinic compounds |
| IN187044B (fr) | 1995-01-27 | 2002-01-05 | Du Pont | |
| US5821378A (en) | 1995-01-27 | 1998-10-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrocyanation of diolefins and isomerization of nonconjugated 2-alkyl-3-monoalkenenitriles |
| US5523453A (en) | 1995-03-22 | 1996-06-04 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for hydrocyanation |
| WO1996033969A1 (fr) | 1995-04-26 | 1996-10-31 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Procede d'hydrocyanation de nitriles insatures en dinitriles |
| US5693843A (en) | 1995-12-22 | 1997-12-02 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for hydrocyanation of diolefins and isomerization of nonconjugated 2 alkyl-3-monoalkenenitriles |
| IN191158B (fr) | 1996-04-02 | 2003-10-11 | Du Pont | |
| WO1998043935A1 (fr) * | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-08 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Procede de preparation d'aldehydes |
| DE19740180A1 (de) | 1997-09-12 | 1999-03-18 | Basf Ag | Katalysator, umfassend wenigstens einen Nickel(0)Komplex auf Basis eines Phosphonitliganden und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Nitrilen |
| DE19810794A1 (de) | 1998-03-12 | 1999-09-16 | Basf Ag | Katalysator, umfassend einen Komplex eines Metalls der VIII. Nebengruppe auf Basis eines Phosphonitliganden und Verfahren zur Hydroformylierung |
-
1998
- 1998-06-05 DE DE19825212A patent/DE19825212A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-05-26 MY MYPI99002080A patent/MY120574A/en unknown
- 1999-06-02 AR ARP990102601A patent/AR018438A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 1999-06-03 TW TW088109210A patent/TW519496B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-04 ES ES99927883T patent/ES2173750T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-04 CN CNB998070491A patent/CN1159106C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-06-04 EP EP99927883A patent/EP1091804B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-04 DE DE59900903T patent/DE59900903D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-04 KR KR1020007013718A patent/KR100576667B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-04 US US09/701,601 patent/US6521778B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-06-04 CA CA002334151A patent/CA2334151C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-06-04 WO PCT/EP1999/003888 patent/WO1999064155A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1999-06-04 ID IDW20002541A patent/ID27071A/id unknown
- 1999-06-04 BR BRPI9910956-5A patent/BR9910956B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-04 TR TR2000/03625T patent/TR200003625T2/xx unknown
- 1999-06-04 RU RU2001101148/04A patent/RU2223146C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-04 JP JP2000553209A patent/JP4480058B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19825212A1 (de) | 1999-12-09 |
| JP2002517473A (ja) | 2002-06-18 |
| RU2223146C2 (ru) | 2004-02-10 |
| WO1999064155A1 (fr) | 1999-12-16 |
| KR100576667B1 (ko) | 2006-05-08 |
| TR200003625T2 (tr) | 2001-04-20 |
| KR20010052561A (ko) | 2001-06-25 |
| CN1304334A (zh) | 2001-07-18 |
| ES2173750T3 (es) | 2002-10-16 |
| TW519496B (en) | 2003-02-01 |
| EP1091804A1 (fr) | 2001-04-18 |
| DE59900903D1 (de) | 2002-04-04 |
| CN1159106C (zh) | 2004-07-28 |
| AR018438A1 (es) | 2001-11-14 |
| MY120574A (en) | 2005-11-30 |
| BR9910956A (pt) | 2001-03-13 |
| JP4480058B2 (ja) | 2010-06-16 |
| CA2334151C (fr) | 2007-10-23 |
| CA2334151A1 (fr) | 1999-12-16 |
| BR9910956B1 (pt) | 2010-11-16 |
| EP1091804B1 (fr) | 2002-02-27 |
| US6521778B1 (en) | 2003-02-18 |
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