GR1009556B - Screwing and unscrewing mechanism for drilling tubes of any type - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable, lightweight, compact and functional screwing and unscrewing system aiming at the fast and easier screwing and unscrewing of, inter alia, water supply, irrigation and petroleum drilling tubes. The invention is a technical solution suppressing manual labour by using an ordinary hydraulic system (electrically- or petroleum-operated hydraulic unit). It is efficient even for horizontal utilisation (in water supply, refinery tubes etc) with no additions or modifications.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Drilling Pipe Screwing and Unscrewing System of all types

The invention refers to a drilling pipe screwing and unscrewing system for the purpose of the fastest and easiest screwing and unscrewing for any drill pipe diameter.

Various technological solutions have been presented from time to time that facilitate or replace the manual way (US31 22952) of screwing and unscrewing drill pipes of all types. System of two hydraulically driven crabs mounted in opposite direction (US3880024) and system of 2 hydraulically driven crabs mounted in opposite direction (US2546224). System of three hydraulic crabs which is transported and installed by crane (EP0551332, US5386746, US5060542) and three pipe immobilization mechanisms (GB2201912, US4843945). A device that uses a chain on a special base (DE102010015515) which does not allow it to be transported to the drilling sites and a bulky machine (EP0058672, US4348920) which is awkward to use.

The present invention refers to a light, portable, compact and easy-to-use system for screwing and unscrewing drilling pipes (water supply, irrigation, oil, etc.) of all types for the purpose of fast and easier screwing and unscrewing for any diameter of drilling pipe.

The invention is a technical solution which eliminates the manual work during the process of screwing and unscrewing the drilling pipes using a common hydraulic system (electric or diesel hydraulic unit).

Without any addition or conversion, it can have the same effectiveness in horizontal use (irrigation networks, refinery pipes, etc.).

The invention is described below by way of example and with reference to the attached drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of the drill pipe screwing and unscrewing system of all types. The three main parts / mechanisms of the system are shown assembled:

- mechanism [A1] for holding / stabilizing the coupling (34C), with internal thread, which joins the lower pipe (34A) with the upper pipe (34B) of drilling,

- reciprocating motion transmission mechanism [A2],

- mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper pipe (34B) (with external thread at the bottom).

Drawing 2 shows the three mechanisms [A1, A2, A3] of the drilling pipe screwing and unscrewing system of all types disassembled.

Figure 3 shows the link retaining mechanism [A1] (34C) disassembled. Drawing 4 shows the top view of the mechanism [A1] holding the link (34C) while drawing 5 shows its top view. Drawing 6 shows a perspective view of the link retaining mechanism [A1] (34C) while drawing 7 shows a side view thereof.

Drawings 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 show the parts that make up the mechanism [A1] for holding the link (34C) and which are:

1) two fixed holding / stabilizing jaws / clamps (fig. 23)

2) two moving jaws / holding / stabilizing jaws fixed to the lower bearing plate (6)

3) movable base of jaws, with movement back and forth (fig. 23)

Fixed jaws (1) are welded onto it

4) two movable base guides (3) fixed jaws (1)

5) two holding rollers (guides)

6) lower bearing plate (fig. 24) of mechanism [A1] holding link (34C) 7) eccentric mechanism (fig. 26) supporting, stabilizing, pushing (1-2mm) mobile base of jaws (3) which moves against the direction of mechanism [A3] screwing and unscrewing upper pipe (34B), that is: - if the mechanism [A3] screws unscrews then the eccentric support, stabilization, thrust mechanism (7) turns clockwise

7A) wedge mounting wedge 7B

7B) fire stop wedge (16)

8) two support bases (diagram 25) of the movable holding jaws (2) act as anti-pivots in cooperation with the hydraulic cylinder (12) and rest on the lower bearing plate (6) with connecting pins (9)

9) two bolts connecting the support bases (8) to the lower bearing plate (6) 10) upper connection plate of the mechanism [A1] holding the link (34C) 11) two sliding guides for adjusting the diameter of the link (34C)

12) single acting hydraulic cylinder

by channeling the oil from the inlet (13) hydraulic pressure is created which pushes the pistons (12A) outwards resulting in the movement of the support bases (8)

12A) two hydraulic cylinder pistons (12)

12B) two drive rollers from pistons (12A) on support bases (8) 12C) two roller support bases (12B)

13) oil inlet to hydraulic cylinder (12)

14) two piston return springs (12A)

15) two adjustment guides (terminals) of maximum stroke of pistons (12A) 30A) adjustment holes for selection of link diameter (34C).

Figure 8 shows the reciprocating mechanism [A2] disassembled. Drawing 9 shows the top view of the reciprocating motion transmission mechanism [A2], while drawing 10 shows a perspective view thereof. Drawing 11 and 12 show two side views of the reciprocating mechanism [A2].

Drawings 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 show the components that make up the reciprocating mechanism [A2], which are:

16) pin connecting the mechanism [A2] of transmission of reciprocating motion with the mechanism [A1] of holding the coupling (34C) in order to form both together a compact device and to transfer the impulse from the mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper pipe (34B) on the eccentric support, stabilization, thrust mechanism (7)

17A) base of the reciprocating motion transmission mechanism [A2].

17B) upper connection plate of mechanism [A2] of transmission of reciprocating movement 18) double-action hydraulic cylinder which drives the mechanism [A3] of screwing and unscrewing upper tube (34B) through the piston (19) 19) hydraulic cylinder piston (18)

moves by alternately channeling oil from the inlets (20 & 21) in order to reset the piston and create a reciprocating motion

20) oil inlet to hydraulic cylinder (18)

21) oil inlet to hydraulic cylinder (18)

22) roller on which the mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper tube (34B) 'clips'

22A) drive transfer lever from the piston (19) of the hydraulic cylinder (18) to the mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper pipe (34B)

22B) drive transfer lever support bolt (22A)

23) support base of the mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper tube (34B)

the mechanism [A3] simply rests, not screwed, rests on its plastic surface (23)

31) sensor which commands reverse movement of the piston (19) hydraulic cylinder (18) and each acts as a terminal of the reciprocating movement

32) regulators / regulators of forward - backward motion of the sensors (31).

Figure 13 shows the top tube (34B) screwing and unscrewing mechanism [A3] disassembled. Drawing 14 shows the plan view of the mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper tube (34B) while drawing 15 shows a perspective view thereof. 16, 17 and 18 show three side views of the top tube (34B) screwing and unscrewing mechanism [A3].

Drawings 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 show the components that make up the mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper tube (34B) and which are:

24) roll mounting slot (22)

the roller (22) simply transfers the movement of the double-action hydraulic cylinder (18) and the mechanism [A3] screwing and unscrewing the top tube (34B), rest only on the top tube (34B)

25) eccentric screwing and unscrewing selection mechanism (fig. 27) works as a ratchet:

turning it to the right screws in, while turning it to the left it unscrews

26A) upper support plate of the socket (24) for mounting the roller (22), the eccentric mechanism for screwing and unscrewing (25) and the adjustable arms (30B)

26B) lower support plate for the socket (24) for placing the roller (22), the eccentric mechanism for screwing and unscrewing (25) and the adjustable arms (30B)

26C) guides / support plates of adjustable arms (30B)

27A) top tube clamp bolt (34B)

In cooperation with (27B) and (28) it covers additional gaps up to 2cm

27B) top tube clamp large 'P' plate (34B) open to allow mechanism [A3] to assemble top tube (34B) 28) top tube clamp small 'P' plate (34B) 29A) return spring and advance for screwing and unscrewing

29B) screwing and unscrewing selection cord

connects and takes command from the screwing and unscrewing selector lever (M)

30B) two adjustable arms

for choosing the diameter of the upper tube (34B)

33) support plate / hairpin of the lower tube (34A) on the outer tube of the drill (35) so that the lower tube (34A) does not fall into the hole of the drill

34A) bottom drill pipe

34B) upper drill pipe

34C) coupling that joins the lower pipe (34A) with the upper pipe (34B) of drilling

35) external drill pipe.

Figure 18 shows the Cross Section of the large P-shaped plate (27B) of the upper tube clamping device (34B).

For the operation of the drilling pipe screwing and unscrewing system of all types, the only prerequisite is the use of a common hydraulic system (electric or diesel hydraulic unit).

In drawing 19, which is a side view of the system for screwing and unscrewing drill pipes of all types, (shown:

- P) oil input to the system from the oil tank

- T) oil outlet from the system to the oil tank

- TP) system power supply (eg 12V)

- L) handle for manual transport of the system.

The system for screwing and unscrewing drill pipes of all types is activated through the switches (D1), (D2) and (D3) which can be activated independently of each other (diagram 20 and 21).

By activating the switch (Δ1), the oil distributor (ΔΛ1) is activated, which sends oil to the single-acting hydraulic cylinder (12), resulting in the movement of the support bases (8). In this way the movable holding jaws (2) immobilize the joint (34C) that joins the lower pipe (34A) with the upper pipe (34B) of drilling.

By deactivating the switch (D1) the movable holding jaws (2) are removed, with the help of the two piston return springs (14) (12A), from the link (34C) that joins the lower tube (34A) to the upper tube (34B) drilling.

With the screwing and unscrewing selection lever (M) we select the screwing or unscrewing of the upper tube (34B), through the mechanism [A3]. The lever (M) is connected to the screwing and unscrewing selection cable (29B). There are three lever operation options (M):

- left for unscrewing,

- vacancy and

- right for screwing.

By activating the switch (Δ2), the oil distributor (ΔΔ2) is activated which sends oil to the double action hydraulic cylinder (18). In this way, the movement is transferred to the mechanism [A3] screwing and unscrewing the upper tube (34B) through the piston (19) and a reciprocating movement is created.

The switch (D2) has three operating options:

- automatic operation, with the help of the two sensors (31)

- deactivation in which the movement in the mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper tube (34B) is stopped and

- manual mode in which the reciprocating movement is created using the keys (K1) for left and (K2) for right.

Figure 21 shows the components that make up the impact system [B], which are:

36) lower bearing plate of the impact system [B]

is fixed / screwed to the adjustment holes (30A) for selecting the diameter of the connector (34C)

37) eccentric rotation mechanism

38) upper connecting plate of the impact system [B]

39) hammer

taps the coupling (34C) so that the upper drill pipe (34B) can be detached and unscrewed more easily

40) point of connection of hydraulic motor with impact system [B] 41) hammer drive mechanism (39) with bearings (42)

42) bearings

43) hammer return spring (39)

forcefully returns the hammer (39) to its original position, i.e. in contact with the connector (34C)

44) hammer impact force adjusting screw (39)

45) spacer lower bearing plate (36) with upper connecting plate (38).

Activating the switch (Δ3) activates the oil distributor (ΔΔ3) which sends oil to a hydraulic motor connected (40) to the impact system [B], The motor drives the cam rotation mechanism (37) which drives the drive mechanism (41) thereby moving the hammer (39) away from the coupling (34C) and compressing the return spring (43). When the eccentric rotation mechanism (37) is removed from the drive mechanism (41) then the return spring (43) is decompressed and the hammer (39) is forcefully returned to its original position, i.e. in contact with the link (34C). With the aforementioned technology, repetitive movement of the hammer (39) with a frequency of approximately 250 strokes/minute is achieved.

Deactivating the switch (D3) stops the operation of the motor and the impact system [B] and the hammer (39) returns to its original position.

Figure 22 shows the power supplies (eg 12V) (T1), (T2), (T3) of the oil distributors (ΔΛ1), (ΔΛ2), (ΔΛ3) respectively. With the valve (B1) we select the desired oil pressure which is displayed on the manometer (MA).

Claims (2)

1. Drill pipe screwing and unscrewing system of all types characterized by three mechanisms: a) mechanism [A1] for holding the coupling (34C), which joins the lower pipe (34A) with the upper pipe (34B) of drilling, which includes - two fixed holding jaws (1) - two movable holding jaws (2) fixed to the lower bearing plate (6) of the mechanism [A1] - movable base (3) to which the fixed holding jaws (1) are connected (eg welded) - two guides (4) movable base (3) - two holding rollers (5) - cam mechanism for supporting, stabilizing, pushing (7) of the moving jaw base (3) with a keyway (7A) - locking wedge (7A) of the connection fire (16) - two supports (8) of the movable holding jaws (2) - two connection bolts (9) of the support bases (8) on the lower bearing plate (6) of the mechanism [A1] - upper connection plate (10) of the mechanism [A1] - two sliding guides (11) for adjusting the diameter of the link (34G) - single acting hydraulic cylinder (12) with two pistons (12A) and oil inlet (13) - two drive rollers (12B), from pistons (12A) to support bases (8), with two support bases (12C) - two piston return springs (14) (12A) - two adjustment guides (15) of maximum stroke of pistons (12A) - adjusting holes (30A) for selecting the diameter of the connector (34C), b) reciprocating motion transmission mechanism [A2] which includes - connecting pin (16) of the mechanism [A2] to the mechanism [A1] - base (17A) of the mechanism [A2] - upper connection plate (17B) of mechanism [A2] - double acting hydraulic cylinder (18) with one piston (19) and two oil inlets (20, 21) - roller (22) on which the mechanism 'clips' [A3] - drive transfer lever (22A), from piston (19) to mechanism [A3] - support pin (22B) of drive transfer lever (22A) - support base (23) of the mechanism [A3] - sensors (31) which act as reciprocating movement terminals - forward-reverse movement regulators (32) of the sensors (31), c) mechanism [A3] for screwing and unscrewing the upper pipe (34B) which includes - socket (24) for mounting a roller (22) - cam mechanism (25) for screwing and unscrewing selection - top support plate (26A) - lower support plate (26B) - guides / support plates (26C) of adjustable arms (30B) - top tube clamping device (34B) consisting of screw (27A), large Π-shaped plate (27B) and small Π-shaped plate (28) - return and advance spring (29A) for screwing and unscrewing - selection cable (29B) for screwing and unscrewing - two adjustable arms (30B). 2. System for screwing and unscrewing drill pipes of all types according to claim 1 characterized by the fact that it includes a percussion system [B] which consists of: - lower bearing plate (36) of the impact system [B] - cam rotation mechanism (37) - upper connection plate (38) of the impact system [B] - hammer (39) - connection point (40) of hydraulic motor with impact system [B] - drive mechanism (41) of hammer (39) with bearings (42) - hammer return spring (43) (39) - impact force adjustment screw (44) of hammer (39) - spacer (45) lower bearing plate (36) with upper connection plate (38).