GB2415659A - Film with detachably covered vent hole - Google Patents
Film with detachably covered vent hole Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2415659A GB2415659A GB0504080A GB0504080A GB2415659A GB 2415659 A GB2415659 A GB 2415659A GB 0504080 A GB0504080 A GB 0504080A GB 0504080 A GB0504080 A GB 0504080A GB 2415659 A GB2415659 A GB 2415659A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- film
- vent hole
- film according
- hole
- holes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/24—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants
- B65D81/26—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants with provision for draining away, or absorbing, or removing by ventilation, fluids, e.g. exuded by contents; Applications of corrosion inhibitors or desiccators
- B65D81/263—Adaptations for preventing deterioration or decay of contents; Applications to the container or packaging material of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides or animal repellants with provision for draining away, or absorbing, or removing by ventilation, fluids, e.g. exuded by contents; Applications of corrosion inhibitors or desiccators for ventilating the contents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
- B23K26/083—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction
- B23K26/0838—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt
- B23K26/0846—Devices involving movement of the workpiece in at least one axial direction by using an endless conveyor belt for moving elongated workpieces longitudinally, e.g. wire or strip material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
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- B31B19/14—
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/52—Details
- B65D75/58—Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture
- B65D75/5894—Preformed openings provided in a wall portion and covered by a separate removable flexible element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/30—Organic material
- B23K2103/42—Plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
- B29C2793/0045—Perforating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
- B29C2793/0081—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation before shaping
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/76—Making non-permanent or releasable joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
- B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
- B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
- B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/534—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars
- B29C66/5346—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat
- B29C66/53461—Joining single elements to open ends of tubular or hollow articles or to the ends of bars said single elements being substantially flat joining substantially flat covers and/or substantially flat bottoms to open ends of container bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/849—Packaging machines
- B29C66/8491—Packaging machines welding through a filled container, e.g. tube or bag
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
- B29C66/964—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving trial and error
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/98—Determining the joining area by using markings on at least one of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
- B29L2031/7128—Bags, sacks, sachets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/748—Machines or parts thereof not otherwise provided for
- B29L2031/7506—Valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2205/00—Venting means
- B65D2205/02—Venting holes
- B65D2205/025—Venting holes having a removable label, sticker or adhesive foil covering the hole
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
Abstract
Plastic film / plastic film manufacturing, in which the appropriate size of a vent hole with a removable cover, is determined from certain characteristics of a product to be stored. Also disclosed is a plastic film with a vent hole with a removable cover, and with a perimeter hole thicker than the remainder of the film. Also disclosed is a plastic film making apparatus / method in which a vent hole with a removable cover is formed by the melting of a portion of the film.
Description
1 2415659 Film for Packaging The present mventmn relates to a film for use
in packaging, particularly, but not exclusively, for the packaging of fresh foodstuffs such as chilled fruit and vegetables.
The present invention also relates to packaging articles that incorporate the film, a machine lor manufacturing the film, and a method manufacturing the film.
In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the market for fresh "cut" vegetable produce that is prepared and pre-packaged, rather than sold as whole items by weight.
This trend reflects the increased interest in tme-saving convenience food, coupled with the perceived health benefits of fresh food.
For economic reasons, it is desirable for food retailers, such as supermarkets, to maintain the freshness of such food products for as long a period as possible, m order to minimise wastage and attendant loss in revenue. In response to this demand, the present applicants and others have developed the technology of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). This technology falls mto two main groups, namely active MAP (through gas flushing or gas scavenging) and passive MAP. In active MAP, the usual atmosphere in a packaging article is replaced with a predetermined mixture of gases that extends the shelf life of the packaged foodstuffs. In passive MAP a penneable film Is provided as part of the packaging article. The permeability characteristics of the film are adapted to the rate at which a particular fresh foodstuff being packaged consumes 02 and emits CO2, so that the foodstuff itself creates a particular level of CO2 within the packaging article by enabling the gases to pass through the film at the desired rate.
The particular CO2 and O2 level extends the product life by decreasing the metabolism and senescence or aging of plant cells and hssues to some extent, and by inhibiting the activity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Using passive and active MAP, the shelf hfe of products such as preprepared mixed salads, tomatoes, broccoli, asparagus and the like can be extended from as little as two days to 7-10 days.
In parallel with the desire of consumers to buy conveniently portioned pre-prepared food stuff products, is the additional desire for ease and speed of food preparation.
Thus, packaging which obviates or minimises the need lor the use of utensils, pots, pans and the like when cooking or preparing packaged foodstuffs is desirable to consumers and may therefore command a premium price.
Microwave cooking, in particular, lends itself to the rapid preparation of food.
However, in the ease of packaged foodstuffs bought in packaging articles such as a film sealed tray or film "pillow" type bags, even if the film Is provided with the porosity required for passive MAP, the build-up of steam within the packaging article during cooking will inevitably cause the article to burst. Such explosive bursting has to the potential to eject the packaged foodstuffs from the packaging article and spread them over the interior of the microwave oven, which is clearly undesirable. One solution adopted by consumers to try and avoid this problem in the past has being to use a fork or similar utensil to pierce the film before cooking. However, this approach is mllerently unreliable because the amount of piercing may still be insufficient to avoid the packaging article bursting, the piercing operation may damage the foodstuffs to be cooked, or the piercing may be excessive, leading to the cooked foodstuffs drying excessively and becoming "leathery" in texture.
In order to mitigate these problems, various solutions have been proposed in the prior art. For example, WO 02/087993 (Buralls) discloses the use of a label or band that is provided with a flap or valve to vent steam pressure during microwave cooking, JP 10230978 (Dainippon Printing) discloses a bag having a seam with a number of vent holes that are revealed when a projection of the seam is torn off, JP 10278975 (Komagata) discloses a film covered tray having a hole covered by a label that is automatically peeled as the pressure and temperature in the tray rises, and JP 2003081360 (Toyo) discloses a bag having a weakened vapour vent that is configured to fail as the pressure in the bag increases due to microwave cooking. Generally, the prior art products are characterized by high cost of manufacture and/or unreliability in use. Furthermore, most of the prior art products are not adapted for passive MAP, and do not therefore extend the life of the product prior to cooking.
The present invention seeks to overcome or at Icast mitigate the problems of the prior art.
One aspect of the present invention provides a plastics film for the manufacture of packaging articles for fresh foodstuffs, the film comprising at least one modified atmosphere hole, whose size and total hole area is calculated according to predetermined criteria based upon the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide emission rate of the foodstuffs to be packaged, and l;rther comprising at least one vent hole for the venting of steam when the packaged foodstuffs are heated in a microwave oven, the size and total area of the at least one vent hole being determined according to predetermined criteria, wherein the at least one vent hole is covered by a manually removable covering.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a plastics film for the manufacture of IS microwaveable packaging articles, the film comprising a gas vent hole having a vent hole perimeter at least thicker in part than the remainder of the film, the vent hole being covered by a removable covering.
A third aspect ol the present invention provides an apparatus for the manufacture of plastics film for microwaveable packaging articles, the apparatus comprising a hole cutting device for cutting a vent hole in the film by melting, and an application device for applying a removable covering over the vent hole.
A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method ol manufacturing a plastics film for microwaveable packaging articles comprising the steps of providing a vent hole by melting the film; and applying a removable covering over the vent hole.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Fig. I is a schematic perspective view illustrating apparatus for the manufacture of film according to one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of the finished film of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of a vent hole in the film of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 Is a cross-sectional view through the hole of Fig. 3 along the axis 4-4; Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the finished film of Fig. 1 being converted into pillow bags using a vertical form fill and seal packaging machine; Fig. 6 is a side view of the finished film of Fig. I being applied to the top of a pre- formed tray using a tray sealing packaging machine; and Fig. 7 illustrates a finished pillow bag made from the finished film of Fig. I using the machine of Fig. 5.
Referring to Fig. 1, a sheet of orientated polypropylene (OPP) film 10 is shown being fed in a direction X along film manufacturing apparatus 8 according to one embodiment of the present invention, whilst being held taut and being supported on rollers 12. The film 10 is flexible and may be transparent, translucent or opaque, and it may further more be preprinted with product infonmaton, nutritional infonnation and the like or may be blank. Typically the film 10 will have a thickness of 35pm, although this varies from country to country and application to application. The film may also be provided with ant-mist coatings or the like. The width of the film will vary according to its intended use.
A stationary first laser 14 is positioned above the film 10 to cut a predetermined number of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) holes 16 in the film 10 in a grouping 17 as the film passes underneath, by melting the film when laser light is emitted and is focused on the film. The perforations provide passive MAP. The pitch P between groupings 17 corresponds to the length or height of the finished packaging article to be made from the film. A stationary second laser 18 Is offset from the first laser 14 transversely and is configured to cut a predetermined number of vent holes 20 in the film in a grouping 22 as the film passes underneath. Grouping 22 also has a pitch or spacing P that corresponds to the length or height of the packaging articles to be formed from the film 10. One advantage of using lasers for cutting the holes is that the amount of energy emitted and its duration may be accurately controlled to give precise hole sizes, shapes and spacing.
The apparatus 10 further includes a label application station 24 downstream of laser 18 that comprises a motor 26, which drives a web 28 via a roller 27 in the direction Y. The web 28 has self-adhesive labels 30 adhered thereto. The station 24 comprises a bottom roller 32 that peels the labels 30 off the web. A further roller (not shown for clarity) presses the labels 30 into contact with the film 10 so that each label 30 overlies the grouping 22 of vent holes 20 and prevents the passage of gases through the holes.
A control system 34 comprising a controller 36, preferably a microprocessor controller, ensures the correct functioning of the apparatus 8. The film 1() is provided with regularly spaced indexing marks 38 corresponding to the size of the packaging articles to be Conned from the film. A sensor 40, such as an optical sensor, is positioned relative to the film 10 so that as the film passes the sensor, the sensor is able to detect when a mark 38 is in its vicinity, and signal the controller 36 accordingly. The controller 36 is pre-programmed to signal the powering on and off of the lasers 14 and 18 at the appropriate times to cut holes 16 and 20 at appropriate locations, and also control the speed of drive to motor 26 so that the labels 30 are applied to the film at the correct position overlying hole grouping 22. One advantage of combmmg laser cutting and microprocessor control is the possibility for rapid changeover from settings for packaging for one foodstuff to packaging for a different foodstuff that may require different hole sizes, pitches etc. Once the laser culling and label application is completed, the film 10 may proceed directly to a downstream packaging machine so that it may be formed into a packaging article and be filled with the desired foodstuffs. More commonly, however, the film 10 will be spooled onto a roll for transport to a separate location where the packaging machine is located.
Tunning to Figs 2 to 4, the hole forming and label application operations will be discussed in more detail. The first laser 14 is configured to cut the grouping 17 of holes 16 to extend the shelf life of packaged foodstuffs via passive MAP. The number and size of holes required varies according to the foodstuff to be packaged, but typically between 1 and 16 holes are cut at a diameter of between 40 and 1 30pm. An algorithm based upon the amount of foodstuff to be packaged and the CO2 emission rate of the particular foodstuff is used to determine the hole size and number of holes. The holes maintain an atmosphere in the finished packaging article that has an increased CO2 content to inhibit the development of aerobic bacteria, but whose O2 is not too low so as to enable anaerobic bacteria to develop.
In alternative embodiments, alternatives to laser cutting for the MAP holes 16 may be employed. For example, holes can be cut using spark technology or mechanical cutting devices.
The second laser 18 is similarly controlled by 36 to cut typically between I and 100 circular elliptical or elongate holes having a width/minimun1 dimension of between 100 and 250,um holes and a length/maximum dimension of between 100 and 1000,um.
Again, the size and number of holes varies widely according to the foodstuff' to be packaged and in what amount. The above ranges correspond broadly to a typical pillow bag containing 0.2 and 0.75 kg of a foodstuff.
Since holes 20 are required to vent hot gases - in particular steam - the size and total number of holes is calculated on the basis of the rate at which the steam is emitted and during the microwave cooking process, with the intention that the vent hole area is sul'l'icient for gases to escape, but to maintain a sufficient positive pressure within the packaging article for the article to remain inflated. Currently the hole size and hole number are detennined on a trial and error basis, although it is anticipated that some form of empirical algorithm will be developed to simplify this progress, based on the type of foodstuff being packaged, the amount of foodstuff being packaged, and the properties of the film 10.
With reference to Figs. 3 and 4 it can seen that holes 20 cut by laser 18 are typically elliptical in shape as a result of the laser cutting operation occurring simultaneously with the forward motion of the film 10 in a direction X. However, circular holes may be cut if the laser light is synchroniscd with the motion of the web.
Additionally, since the laser cutting functions by melting (thermoplastic) film material, and because the material inherently has an internal stress, the melting operation results in the hole being bounded by a thickened ring or annulus 50 compared to the surrounding, non-melted film. The ring 50 also typically has a smooth, rounded edge.
lo Both of these features contribute to the holes 20 having a greater strength and tear- resistance compared with holes cut by other methods, such as mechanical cutting with a needle, because these other methods do not result in a thickened perimeter ring, and may also leave edges that act as stress raisers to promote tearing of the film.
Although, in this embodiment, separate lasers have been used for the cutting of the passive MAP holes 16 and vent holes 20, m alternative embodiments the same laser may be employed to cut both types of holes. In some instances, the holes 16 and 20 for both purposes may be of the same size. However, the controller 36 may be programmed to signal the laser to alternate between two different power outputs, to cut different size holes for passive MAP and for venting, or to vary the number of holes for these different purposes.
Refenring to Fig. 2, label 30 is manufactured from an air impermeable material, such a polypropylene, to avoid the passive MAP characteristics of the film compromised due to the passage of air through holes 20 via the label 30. One side of the label is coated with a suitable adhesive (53, Fig. 7) that ensures that the label remains securely m place over holes 20 until the point at which microwave cooking occurs. However, to ensure that removal of the label can be achieved easily, an end portion 52 is not provided with adhesive, or the adhesive is overprinted with a non-adhesive lacquer to enable one end of the label to be lifted manually. To further promote a successful removal of the label, end portion 52 terminates in a curved tab or nose 54 that merges smoothly into the main body of the label to promote the complete removal of the label without portions thereof being left behind on the film 10. l
Referring now to Fig. 5, the use of film 10 is illustrated in a vertical form film and seal (VFFS) packaging machine 55. Such machines are well known and are manufactured by, for example, Sandiacre Packaging Machinery Limited of Beeston, Nottinghamshre, UK. Such machines do not require any alteration to produce packaged articles from the finished film 10 of the present invention.
Briefly, the film 10 with holes 16 and 20 and label 30 (not visible in Fig. 5) is fed from a roll 56 via a tensioning mechanism (not shown) and roller 58 to the rear of the VFFS machine 55. A transport mechanism 58 draws a predetermined length of film over a forming tube 60. The film 10 encircles the tube 60 and a backseat mechanism 62 makes a vertical heat seal to form the film 10 into a tube. Cross seal jaws 64 close to make a horizontal heat seal 66 to forth the bottom of one packaging article 68. The metered contents (not shown) for the packaging article are then deposited in the article via the forming tube 60 as indicated by arrow A. The transport mechanism 58 then moves the fihn 10 downwardly by the length of one packaging article and the cross seal jaws 64 close again to form the top seal of the packaging article 68, bottom seal of the next packaging article and furthermore separate the packaging article 68, which is now filled and complete from the next article being formed. Such packaging articles 68 are typically known as pillow bags or pillow packs.
Refenring now to Fig. 6, an alternative packaging application for film 10 is shown. Fig. 6 illustrates schematically a tray sealing machine 70 in which pre-formed and prc-filled trays 72 are fed along a conveyor belt 74 in a direction B. Each tray has a peripheral lip portion 76 at its upper edge. Such machinery Is manufactured by, for example, Packaging Automation Limited of Knutsford, Cheshire, UK, and is well known. No adaption of the machinery is required for use with the film 10 of the present invention.
The film 10 is fed from a first roll 78 in a direction C synchronously with the trays. A tensioning mechanism (not shown) and rollers 80 arc provided to ensure that the film is appropriately positioned over the trays 72 at the correct tension. A further mechanism, illustrated in simplified form by roller 82 heat fuses the film to the lip 76 of each tray 72 to close off the contents of the tray from the outside atmosphere, save for l the passive MAP holes 16. Subsequently, a vertically reciprocating knife 84 having dimensions shghtly greater than the periphery of lip 7G separates the film covering the tray from the remainder of the film being fed from roll 78. The finished trays then continue their progress along conveyor belt in direction B. whilst the remaining web of film 10 is rolled onto a second roll 86 for recycling or disposal.
Referring to Fig. 7, the use of a packaging article 68 fonmed from film 10 is as follows: When a user wishes to consume the contents of the packaging article 68, typically following instructions printed on the article, they will remove label 30 by lifting the tab 52 and peeling the label back as illustrated. The entire article 68 is then placed in a microwave oven (not shown) and the foodstuff cooked for a predetermined cooking time stated on the packaging article 68. During cooking, excess steam and any other gases generated by the heating of the foodstuff are vented. However, as explained above, the size and number of holes ensures that a positive pressure is maintained in the interior of article 68 such that the article remains inflated and steam remains in the article to assist in the cooking of the foodstuff via a "steaming" process, and to maintain the "juiciness" of the foodstuff being cooked. Once the cooking process is complete, and after any standing time, the foodstuff may be dispensed directly onto a plate by opening the article in the normal way by separation of seam 66 or the like.
A number of example pillow bag packaging articles made from the film ol the present invention are compared with control bags below: Table 1: Trial examples
Trial Bag Treatments/ Summary of Notes
Specifications Results
Trial 01 1. OPP All packs burst (carrot, cauliflower unperforated withm first 3 & broccoli mix, control minutes of cooking.
250g and SOOg 2. OPP perforated Vegetables were bags) lOx3001lm holes still hard/uncooked 3. OPP perforated at the time of pack 20x300pm holes failure Trial 02 1. T4G78 20 holes OPP unperforated T4679 and T4680 (carrot, cauliflower at 850xISO,um. burst within first 3 gave the best cook & broccoli mix, 2. T4679 36 holes minutes of cooking. quality. Other 250g and SOOg at 850xlSO,um T4678 burst after treatments had bags) 3. T4680 SO holes 3.5 minutes. some dehydration at 850xlSO,um T4679 and T4680 on cooking, and a 4. OPP did not burst during more "leathery" unperforated a S-minute cook. texture.
control.
Trial 03 1. T4725 25 holes OPP unperforated T4725 and T4726 (carrot, cauliflower at 850xlSO'lm. burst within first 3 gave good cook & broccoli mix, 2. T4726 SO holes minutes of cooking. quality. OPP 250g and SOOg at 850x I SO 1lm T4725 and T4726 unperforated and bags) 3. OPP did not burst during fork-perforated unperforated a S-minute cook. controls had some control dehydration on 4. OPP fork- cooking, and a perforated control more "lcathcry" texture Trial 04 I. T4725 25 holes Evaluation of effect 25 hole bag (baby carrots 400g at 850x I SOpm. of cook time. required less cook and Brussels 2. T4726 SO holes Please see Table 2 time to achieve the sprouts 400g) at 850xlSO Am below. same "doncncss" as 3. OPP SO hole bag.
unperforated control 4. OPP fork perforated control Trial 05 1. T4746 25 holes Tests with peel Some panellists (mini carrots 400g at 850xl501lm, strip and And lane of found the peel and carrot, plus shelf life/MAP perforations for strips difficult to cauliflower and perforations. MAP/ shelf life. lift from the film.
broccoli mix 500g) 2. T4747 50 holes Ideal MAP for at 850x150 m, shelf life was T4746 and T4747 plus shelf life maintained gave best cook /MAP perforations successfully until quality of trials.
the strip was peeled T4746 was slightly at the time of overcooked cooking. No compared to T4747 bursting of bags at tested cook time.
during 5 minute However, T4746 cook. gave the best and fastest cook at lower cook time.
Trial OG Repeat of Trial 05 MAP was Modified peel strip (mini carrots 400g maintained with a curved edge and carrot, successfully, as was used in this cauliDower and above. T4746 trial. This proved broccoli mix 500g) preferred. easier to lift and peel than the previous strip.
Trial 07 Repeat of Trial 06. Results as above.
(mini carrots 400g and carrot, cauliflower and broccoli mix 500g) Carrot, cauliflower and broccoli mix was tested in trials 5, 6 and 7 using a 500g bag because it appeared to generate more steam pressure than did the 250g bag, and so was a more rigorous test on pack integrity during cooking. 400g mini carrots were also included in trials 05, 06, and 07 for replication of the cook time testing in trial 4, but with bags including MAP perforations. The results for carrots In trial 4 were successfully replicated in trials 5, 6 and 7. The steam and shelf life systems also performed well for the 500g carrot, cauliflower, broccoli mix, maintaining approximately 10-12% oxygen, 9-11% CO2 throughout the shelf life - a good target modified atmosphere for these vegetables - and also perfonnecl well during steam cooking, with the strip removed. The pack puffed up during cooking, but did not burst.
Table 2. Cook Time to Achieve a Standard Degree of Cook vent holes 50 vent holes Standard Fork 850x1 50,m 850x1 50pm Perforated Film, or Unpacked
Vegetables
Brussels Sprouts 3 minutes 3.5 minutes 4 minutes Baby Carrots 4.5 minutes 5 minutes 5.5 minutes Cooking times were adjusted so that vegetables microwave cooked in both the steam fih1l of the present invention and those microwave cooked in the standard way finished with a similar crunchiness vs. softness. As the cook time / crunchiness of vegetables upon finishing cooking is a matter of individual taste, it was attempted to set this equal for both films, because the consun1er would be likely to adjust cooking time to suit personal taste.
This resulted in a cooking time I minute shorter for the film of the present invention as compared to puncturing the standard film. A standard 700W Category D microwave oven was used in all testing.
Corresponding sensory results are given below: Vegetables were removed from the packaging, allowed to stand for I minute, and then served blind to six panellists, who were asked to compare the sensory characteristics of the two cooked vegetable samples: flavour, texture, colour, Juiciness, aroma, and more subjectively freshness and overall impression.
Table 3. Carrots sensory testing.
Descriptor Film of Present Invention Standard Film Flavour 5 4.5 Texture Colour 4 4 Juiciness 5 4 Aroma 4 4 Freshness 4.5 4 Overall Score 4.5 4 Table 4. Brussels Sprout sensory testing.
Descriptor Film of Present Invention Standard Film Flavour 4 3 Texture 4 3 Colour 3 3 Juiciness 4 3 Aroma 3 3 Freshness 3.5 3 Overall Score 3.5 3 Sensory Scale = Excellent 4 = Good 3 = Fair 2 = Poor 1 = Inedible Table 5. Total Open (Perforation) Area, Trial Specs Trial Spec Perforation Size Number of Total open area (,um) perforations per (mm2) Trial 01.A 300 dia. 10 0.71 Trial 01.B 300 dia. 20 1.42 T4678 850x150 20 2.46 T4679 850x150 36 4.28 T4680,T4726, 850x150 50 6.15 T4747 T4725,T4746 850x150 25 3.08 Table 6. Pack Sizes and Weights Used in Trials Product | Pack Dimensions (mm) | Weight (g) Brussels Sprouts 220x230 500 Mini Carrots 230x190 400 Carrot, Cauhflower, 230x240 500 Broccoli Carrot, Cauliflower, 230x190 250 Broccoli It is therefore apparent that the film of the present invention provides a low- cost and convenient method of storing fresh foodstuffs for a relatively long period of time, whilst at the same time permitting those foodstuffs to be conveniently cooked or heated and dispensed quickly, with the minimum of mess. At the same time, cooking foodstuffs using the film of the present invention has been found to result in an improved taste and shorter cooking period.
It will be further understood that numerous changes may be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, various alternative film types may be used, rather than OPP, such as polyamide, polyethylene, polyester or cellophane. The film may be employed in other forms of packaging such as horizontal flow wrap packaging and the like. The vent holes may be employed on non-passive MAP (including active MAP) packaging and alternative label materials and configuration may be used. For example, the labels may be shaped with an enlarged end remote from the peel-end to promote the retention of the label on the film after peeling.
Claims (24)
- Claims 1. A plastics film for the manufacture of packaging articles forfresh foodstuffs, the film comprising at least one modified atmosphere hole, whose size and total hole area is calculated according to predetermined criteria based upon the oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide emission rate of the foodstuffs to be packaged, and further comprising at least one vent hole for the venting of steam when the packaged foodstuffs are heated in a microwave oven, the size and total area of the at least one vent hole being detennined according to predetermined criteria, wherein the at least one vent hole is covered by a manually removable covering.
- 2. A film according to claim I wherein the covering comprises an adhesive label.
- 3. A film according to claim 2 wherein the label has a non-adhesive portion to promote manual removal.
- 4. A film according to any preceding claim wherein the covering is substantially impermeable.
- 5. A film according to claim 4 wherein the covering is a plastics film.
- 6. A film according to claim 5 wherein the plastics film is polypropylene.
- 7. A film according to any preceding claim wherein the vent holes have a perimeter portion at least in part thicker than the surrounding film.
- 8. A film according to claim 7 wherein the entire perimeter is thicker than the surrounding film.
- 9. A film according to any preceding claim wherein the vent holes have a maximum dimension less than lOOOpm. '
- 10. A film according to any preceding claim wherein the vent holes have a minimum dimension of less than 500pm.
- 11. A film according to any preceding claim wherein the vent holes have a maximum dimension in the range of IOOOIln1 to 700,um and a minimum dimension in the range ol 50,um to 5()01lm.
- 12. A film according to claim 11 wherein the vent holes have a maximum dimension in the range of 100Olm to 800,um and a minimum dimension in the range of l OOpm to 250pm.
- 13. A film according to any preceding claim wherein a section of film corresponding to one packaging article comprises between 1 and 100 vent holes.
- 14. A film according to claim 13 wherein a section of film corresponding to one packaging article comprises between 10 and 100 vent holes for a weight of foodstuff to be cooked in the range of 0.2 to 1 kg.
- 15. A packaging article comprising a film according to any preceding claim.
- 16. A plastics film for the manufacture of microwaveable packaging articles, the film comprising a gas vent hole having a vent hole perimeter at least thicker in part than the remainder of the film, the vent hole being covered by a removable covering.
- 17. A plastics film according to claim 16, wherein the entire vent hole perimeter is thicker than the remainder of the film.
- 18. A film according to claim 16 or claim 17 wherein the removable covering is an adhesive label.
- 19. A film according to claims 16 to 18 wherein the film comprises a plurality of vent holes and the removable covering covers the plurality of vent holes.
- An apparatus for the manufacture of plastics film for microwaveable packaging articles, the apparatus compnsmg a hole cutting device for cutting a vent hole in the film by melting, and an application device for applying a removable covering over the vent hole.
- 21 An apparatus according to claim 20 wherein the application device applies an adhesive label to cover the vent hole.
- 22 An apparatus according to claim 20 or claim 21 wherein the hole cutting device additionally cuts holes for passive modified atmosphere packaging.
- 23. A method of manufacturing a plastics film for microwaveable packaging articles comprising the steps of: a) providing a vent hole by melting the film; and I S b) applying a removable covering over the vent hole.
- 24. The method of claim 23 further comprising the step of providing a hole for passive modified atmosphere packaging in the film.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GB0504080A GB2415659B (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2005-02-28 | Film for packaging |
GB0610383A GB2424849B (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2005-02-28 | Film for packaging |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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GB0504080A GB2415659B (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2005-02-28 | Film for packaging |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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GB0504080D0 GB0504080D0 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
GB2415659A true GB2415659A (en) | 2006-01-04 |
GB2415659B GB2415659B (en) | 2007-01-31 |
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GB0504080A Expired - Fee Related GB2415659B (en) | 2005-02-28 | 2005-02-28 | Film for packaging |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008058079A2 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2008-05-15 | Marko I.R.D.C. | Plastic bag with improved air evacuation structure |
ITPD20080229A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-01-31 | Claudio Ernestino Zanarella | COMPOSITE FILM FOR PACKAGING AND OBTAINED PACKAGING |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3546327A (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1970-12-08 | Bagcraft Corp | Method of making a ventilated plastic bag |
-
2005
- 2005-02-28 GB GB0504080A patent/GB2415659B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3546327A (en) * | 1967-09-22 | 1970-12-08 | Bagcraft Corp | Method of making a ventilated plastic bag |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008058079A2 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2008-05-15 | Marko I.R.D.C. | Plastic bag with improved air evacuation structure |
WO2008058079A3 (en) * | 2006-11-06 | 2008-07-31 | Marko I R D C | Plastic bag with improved air evacuation structure |
ITPD20080229A1 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2010-01-31 | Claudio Ernestino Zanarella | COMPOSITE FILM FOR PACKAGING AND OBTAINED PACKAGING |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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GB0504080D0 (en) | 2005-04-06 |
GB2415659B (en) | 2007-01-31 |
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