GB2404499A - Deformation-resistant mounting for a circuit board in a portable device - Google Patents
Deformation-resistant mounting for a circuit board in a portable device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2404499A GB2404499A GB0423966A GB0423966A GB2404499A GB 2404499 A GB2404499 A GB 2404499A GB 0423966 A GB0423966 A GB 0423966A GB 0423966 A GB0423966 A GB 0423966A GB 2404499 A GB2404499 A GB 2404499A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- circuit board
- printed circuit
- seat
- holes
- pillar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0271—Arrangements for reducing stress or warp in rigid printed circuit boards, e.g. caused by loads, vibrations or differences in thermal expansion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/14—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack
- H05K7/1417—Mounting supporting structure in casing or on frame or rack having securing means for mounting boards, plates or wiring boards
- H05K7/142—Spacers not being card guides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/09—Shape and layout
- H05K2201/09009—Substrate related
- H05K2201/09063—Holes or slots in insulating substrate not used for electrical connections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10227—Other objects, e.g. metallic pieces
- H05K2201/10409—Screws
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mounting Of Printed Circuit Boards And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A circuit board 103 in a portable telephone or like device has a mounting which protects it against deformation on pressing or dropping the device, the mounting comprising bosses 401 on the casing or chassis of the device and parallel elongate holes 104 in the circuit board, the bosses being formed with pillars 402 which are displaceable along the holes and male screws on the pillars cooperate with fastening nuts. Other mounting structures are described and claimed.
Description
DEFORMATION-RESISTANT MOUNTING STRUCTURE
FOR A PORTABLE DEVICE
The present invention relates to a deformation-resistant mounting device which is suitable for a portable device. A particular arrangement to be described below, by way of example in the belief that it will enable the invention to be better understood, includes a printed circuit board of a portable device such as a portable telephone, a PHS, or a PDA, a casing structure in which the printed circuit board is mounted, and a particular deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device.
As portable devices, such as portable telephones or PDA's, become lighter, thinner, and smaller, users can more easily carry them in their pockets exposing them to the possibility of stress and shock.
In order to assist in enabling the invention to be better understood reference will now be made to Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings, which shows an exploded perspective view of a previously proposed arrangement.
In FIG. 1, there are shown a plurality of screws 105 which are inserted into through holes 204 of a printed circuit board 203 of a portable device and screwed into prepared holes 102 of bosses 106 of a casing 101, thereby sandwiching the printed circuit board 203 of the portable device between the top surfaces of the bosses 106 and the screws 105 and mounting the printed circuit board 203 on the casing 101.
As a result of its light weight, thinness, and small size, a user sometimes forgets that he is carrying a portable device. Consequently, there is an increasing risk that an electrical failure likely to be caused by, for example, the portable device being dropped from a breast pocket when the user stoops down, or by pressure which is applied to the portable device which is in the pocket of the user's pants when he sits down.
As a result of mechanical stress such as that caused by dropping or pressure, distortion is likely to occur in a soldered portion between the printed circuit board of the portable device and an electric part mounted on the board.
Because of such distortion, disconnection is likely to occur as a result of a crack in the soldered portion, and to cause an electrical failure.
For solving the problem, in the specification of Japanese Unexamined Utility Model No. 63-115251 there has been proposed as one technique, a printed circuit board in which at least one slit or groove is formed so as to surround a portion sandwiched by holding members.
Techniques similar to the aboye-mentioned tech.nigue, have be en proposed in the specifications of Japanese Laidpen Patent Applications Nos. 6418300, 9-181403, and 11-330640 and are referred to herein as second, third, and fourth techniques, respectively.
The first to fourth previously proposed techniques, however, have the following drawbacks.
Specifically, the deformation of a printed circuit board cannot be prevented only by the use of a plurality of slits or grooves formed around portions for fixing the printed circuit board to a casing, the mechanical stress of an external force cannot be sufficiently absorbed, and the effective area of the printed circuit board is reduced by the area of the portions in which the slits or grooves are formed.
Features of arrangements to be described below, by way of example, in the belief that they will enable the present invention to be better understood, are a novel deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device, which is capable of reducing the risk of an electrical failure by decreasing the probability of distortion, that is, that it is capable of improving the mechanical strength of a portable device, and that a novel portable information terminal device is made possible with improved convenience and reliability.
One particular deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device to be described below, by way of example, includes a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a prepared hole or a threaded hole, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, a plurality of screws each being inserted into the prepared hole or the threaded hole of each of the plurality of bosses through each of the plurality of through holes, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed, each of the plurality of screws is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
Another deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device to be described below, by way of example, indudes a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a prepared hole or a threaded hole, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, a plurality of screws each being inserted into the prepared hole or the threaded hole of each of the plurality of bosses through each of the plurality of through holes, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed each of the plurality of screws is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
Yet another deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device to be described below, by way of example, includes a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a male screw, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, a plurality of screw nuts, into each of which each of the male screws is inserted through each of the plurality of through holes, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed each of the plurality of male screws is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
A still further deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device to be described below, by way of example, includes a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a male screw, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, a plurality of screw nuts, into each of which each of the male screws is inserted through each of the plurality of through holes, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed, each of the plurality of male screws is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
Yet a further arrangement to be described, by way of example, in the belief that it will enable the present invention to be better understood, includes a deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device including a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on the seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a prepared hole or a threaded hole, the pillar being inserted into each of the through holes, a plurality of screws each being inserted into the prepared hole or the threaded hole of each of the pillars, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed each of the plurality of pillars is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
Another deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device to be described, by way of example, in the belief that it will enable the invention to be better understood includes a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on the seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a prepared hole or a threaded hole, the pillar being inserted into each of the through holes, a plurality of screws each being inserted into the prepared hole or the threaded hole of each of the pillars, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed each of the plurality of pillars is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
There will also be described, in the belief the' it will enable the invention to be better understood, a deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device including a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on the seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a male screw, the pillar being inserted into each of the through holes, a plurality of screw nuts, into each of which each of the male screw is inserted, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed each of the plurality of pillars is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
Yet another deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device to be described below, by way of example in illustration of the invention includes a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on the seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a male screw, the pillar being inserted into each of the through holes, a plurality of screw nuts, into each of which each of the male screw is inserted, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed each of the plurality of pillars is displaced in the direction of the slit shape.
Arrangements which it is believed will enable the invention to be better understood will now be described, by way of example, with reference to Rigs. 2 to 9 of the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of an assembly, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a printed circuit board and casing, FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of a boss and a part of a printed circuit board, FIG. 5A is an exploded perspective view of another boss and printed circuit board arrangement, FIG. 5B is a cross section taken along line A-A' of FIG. 5A, FIG. 6A is a diagram for use in explaining the operation of the arrangement of Fig. 2, FIG. 6B is a diagram for use in explaining the operation of a previously proposed arrangement, FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views of further boss arrangements, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of another boss and printed circuit board arrangement, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of yet another boss and printed circuit board arrangement.
Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4, bosses 106 in which prepared holes 102 are formed are provided at comers of a casing 101. Prepared holes 102 are prepared for screw-tapping. Prepared holes may be substituted by threaded holes.
In order to decrease the application of any external mechanical stress onto a printed circuit board 103, holes through which screws 105 are I inserted are formed as through slits 104 in the printed circuit board 103.
Specifically, in the printed circuit board 103, as described above, the i through slits 104 are formed in positions corresponding to the bosses 106 in 3 the casing 101 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. In the example, the through slits I i 04 are formed in the longitudinal direction at four comers of the printed circuit board 103. However, the through slits 104 may be formed in the direction F orthogonal to the longitudinal director, or in an arbitrary direction.
A printed circuit board 103 which is mounted on the casing 101 as shown in FIG 3, provides a structure in which an external mechanical stress caused by dropping or by the application of pressure is not directly; applied to the printed circuit board 103.
In FIGS. 5A and 5B, in another arrangement, in order to decrease the likelihood of an application of an external mechanical stress to the printed circuit board 103, a penetrating boss 401 has a centre portion 402, of small diameter which penetrates the through slit 104 formed in the pririted Circuit board 103 and which has a prepared hole 102, and a large diameter portion 404 having a seat 403 for mounting the printed circuit board 103, although the printed circuit board 103 is normally fixed between the boss 106 having the prepared hole 102 and the screw 105. It is desirable that the inside diameter of the through slit 104 is set slightly larger than the outside diameter of the contra portion 402 so that the contra portion 402 can be freely displaced in the through slit 104.
Further, from the viewpoint that the screw 105 and the centre portion 402 are displaced smoothly in the through slit 104, it is preferable to polish the surfaces of the screw 105 and the centre portion 402 contacting the printed i circus board so that the screw 105 and the centre portion 402 slide easily.
By screwing the screw tO5 into the prepared hole 102 in a state in I which the contra portion 402 of the penetrating boss 401 of the casing 101 is inserted into the through slit 104 of the printed circuit board 103, the printed circuit board 103 is held between the bottom of the screw 105 and the top face of the seat 403 of the penetrating boss 401 in the casing 101.
The centre portion 402 of the penetrating bow 401 Is therefore interposed between the seat 403 and the printed circuit board 103. Therefore, by setting the height of the contra portion 402 to be slightly larger than the thickness of the printed circuit board 103, even if the screw 105 is tightly screwed in the prepared hole 102, the printed circuit board 103 can be relatively freely moved in the casing 101.
The operation of the above arrangement will now be described.
FIG. 6A is a diagram for explaining the operation of the above arrangement. The operation of the present arrangement will be described in comparison to that of the previously proposed arrangement shown in FIG. 6B.
In FIG. 6B, since the through hole 204 in the printed circuit board 203 has almost the same diameter as that of the screw 105, the printed circuit board 203 is firmly fixed to the casing 101. Consequently, when an external mechanical stress 601 is applied to the casing 101, the casing 101 is deformed. Since the printed circuit board 203 is firmly fixed to the casing 101, almost the same deformation occurs on the inside of the printed circuit board 103.
In contrast, in the arrangement shown in FIG. 6A, by using the through slit 104 in place of the through hole 204, even if an external mechanical stress 601 is applied to the casing 101, although the casing 101 is deformed, the screw 105 and the boss 106 can slide iaJong the slit in the direction of the through slit 104. The amount of deformation of the printed circuit board 103 is either minimised or becomes smaller than that of the casing 101.
Furthe!, in the present arrangement, by providing the penetrating boss 401 having a centre portion 402 in which a prepared hole is formed and which is inserted into the through slit 104 and the large diameter portion 404 having the seat 403 for the printed circuit board 103! the fixation between the printed circuit board 103 and the casing 101 becomes less fimn.
Consequently, the centre portion 402 can easily slide in the longitudinal direction of the through slit 104. In such a manner, that the deformation of the printed circuit board 103 is minimised or reduced.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are perspective views showing further arrangements which may be considered to be modifications of the present arrangement.
FIGS. 7A and 7B show a penetrating boss 401 having plate-shaped seats 501 obtained by changing the shape of the seat 403 of the penetrating boss 401 into a plate shape in order not to reduce the packing density on the printed circuit board 103. The number of the plate-shaped seats 501 is not limited. In FIG. 7A, two plate-shaped seats 501 are provided. In FIG. 7B, four plate-shaped seats 501 are formed.
The combination of the screw 105 and a hole 102 or a threaded hole may be substituted by a combination of a screw nut and a male screw formed on the boss 106 or 401 as shown in FIGS 8 and 9.
The casing 101 may be substituted by a chassis having bosses 106 or401.
As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the seat 403 of the penetrating boss 401 is changed into the shape of the plate-shaped seats 501. With this configuration, an effect equal to that of the second arrangement can be obtained.
The distortion can be controlled by the direction of the through slit 104, so that an electrical part or portion which is particularly sensitive to distortion can be avoided.
With the arrangements described above, effects, such as those described hereinbelow, can be obtained.
1. The mechanical stress on a printed circuit board can be minimised or eliminated and distortion in soldered portions of a board can be lessened.
2. An electrical failure resulting from dropping or the like can be made less likely.
It will be understood that, although particular arrangements have been described, by way of example in order to enable the invention to be better understood, variations and modifications thereof, as well as other arrangements, may be conceived within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A deformation-resistant mounting structure of a portable device comprising: a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed; a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on said seat, said seat being provided for mounting said printed circuit board, said pillar having a male screw, said pillar being inserted into a respective through hole; and a plurality of screw nuts, into each of which a respective said male screw is inserted, wherein each and every of said plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, wherein the longitudinal axes of all of said through holes are parallel to one another, and wherein the screw is free to be displaced along the direction of the slit in the event of the casing being deformed in the same direction as the slit.
2. A deformation-resistant mounting structure of a portable device comprising: a printed circuit board in which a plurality of through holes are formed; a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on said seat, said seat being provided for mounting said printed circuit board, said pillar having a male screw, said pillar being inserted into a respective said through hole; and a plurality of screw nuts, into each of which a respective said male screw is inserted, wherein each and every of said plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, wherein the longitudinal axes of all of said through holes are parallel to one another, and wherein the screw is free to be displaced along the direction of the slit in the event of the casing being deformed in the same direction as the slit.
3 A deformation-resistant mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a casing having a plurality of bosses, each having a seat and a prepared hole or a threaded hole, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, and a plurality of screws each being inserted into a prepared hole or threaded hole of each of the plurality of bosses through a through hole, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed, a screw displaced in a direction of a slit 1 0 shape.
4. A deformation-resistant mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a prepared hole or a threaded hole, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, and a plurality of screws each being inserted into a prepared hole or threaded hole of each of the plurality of bosses through a through hole, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed, a screw is displaced in a direction of a slit shape.
5. A deformation-resistant mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a male screw, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, and a plurality of screw nuts into each of which a male screw is inserted through a through hole, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed, a male screw is displaced in direction of a slit shape.
6. A deformation-resistnt mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a male screw, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, and a plurality of screw nuts into each of which a male screw is inserted through a through hole, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed, a male screw is displaced along a direction of a slit shape.
7. A deformation-resistant mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on the seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a prepared hole or a threaded hole, and a pillar being inserted into a through hole, and a plurality of screws each being inserted into a prepared hole or a threaded hole of a pillar, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed, a pillar is displaced in a direction of a slit shape.
8. A deformation-resistant mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on the seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a prepared hole or a threaded hole, and the pillar being inserted into a through hole, and a plurality of screws each being inserted into the prepared hole or threaded hole of a pillar, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed, a pillar is displaced in a direction of the slit shape.
9 A deformation-resistant mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a casing having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on a seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a male screw, and the pillar being inserted into a through hole, and a plurality of screw nuts into each of which a male screw is inserted, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the casing is deformed, a pillar is displaced in a direction of the slit shape.
A deformation-resistant mounting structure, which is suitable for a portable device, including a printed circuit board having a plurality of through holes, a chassis having a plurality of bosses each having a seat and a pillar on a seat, the seat being provided for mounting the printed circuit board, the pillar having a male screw, and the pillar being inserted into a through hole, and a plurality of screw nuts into each of which a male screw is inserted, wherein each of the plurality of through holes is formed in a slit shape, and wherein when the chassis is deformed, a pillar is displaced in a direction of the slit shape.
11. A deformation-resistant mounting structure substantially as hereinbefore described and with reference to, and as illustrated in, Fig 9 of the accompanying drawings
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000347347A JP2002151866A (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2000-11-14 | Strengthened mounting structure of portable apparatus |
| GB0408545A GB2397440B (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-14 | Deformation-resistant mounting structure for a portable device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB0423966D0 GB0423966D0 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| GB2404499A true GB2404499A (en) | 2005-02-02 |
Family
ID=33566560
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0423968A Withdrawn GB2404500A (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-14 | Deformation-resistant mounting for a circuit board in a portable device |
| GB0423966A Withdrawn GB2404499A (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-14 | Deformation-resistant mounting for a circuit board in a portable device |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0423968A Withdrawn GB2404500A (en) | 2000-11-14 | 2001-11-14 | Deformation-resistant mounting for a circuit board in a portable device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB2404500A (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5894408A (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 1999-04-13 | Intel Corporation | Electronic cartridge which allows differential thermal expansion between components of the cartridge |
| US5959844A (en) * | 1993-09-25 | 1999-09-28 | Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag | Instrument cluster |
-
2001
- 2001-11-14 GB GB0423968A patent/GB2404500A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-11-14 GB GB0423966A patent/GB2404499A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5959844A (en) * | 1993-09-25 | 1999-09-28 | Vdo Adolf Schindling Ag | Instrument cluster |
| US5894408A (en) * | 1998-02-17 | 1999-04-13 | Intel Corporation | Electronic cartridge which allows differential thermal expansion between components of the cartridge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2404500A (en) | 2005-02-02 |
| GB0423968D0 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
| GB0423966D0 (en) | 2004-12-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |