GB2255582A - Replacing marine propellor blades - Google Patents
Replacing marine propellor blades Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2255582A GB2255582A GB9110198A GB9110198A GB2255582A GB 2255582 A GB2255582 A GB 2255582A GB 9110198 A GB9110198 A GB 9110198A GB 9110198 A GB9110198 A GB 9110198A GB 2255582 A GB2255582 A GB 2255582A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- propeller
- blade
- suspension
- lifting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/34—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base
- B63C11/44—Diving chambers with mechanical link, e.g. cable, to a base of open type, e.g. diving-bells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
- B63B17/0018—Arrangements or devices specially adapted for facilitating access to underwater elements, e.g. to propellers ; Externally attached cofferdams or the like
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
A method of and apparatus for changing the blade of a propeller 8 or like device with removable members underwater, using a housing 1 with open bottom wherein the housing is suspendable from above by suspension lifting means 9 at the top of the housing and wherein two lifting tackles 15 or like are provided preferably connected to the interior and lower end of the suspension lifting means, and each for supporting a propeller blade. comprises suspending a replacement propeller from the suspension lifting means within the housing by means of one said lifting tackle, locating the housing over the blade to be replaced underwater, supplying pressurised gas to the exterior of the housing to displace water sufficiently to enable the blade to be replaced to be worked upon and be removed supported by said second lifting tackle, and then connecting the replacement blade and subsequently removing the housing and replaced blade. A sleeve extension 17 may be positioned over and sealed about the propeller shaft. <IMAGE>
Description
Improved apparatus for permitting work to be
carried out on marine propellers or the like
The present invention relates to an improved apparatus for permitting work to be carried out on marine propellers or the like and is a modification and improvement of the apparatus disclosed in my earlier GB
Patent Specification 2220019.
In GB 2220019 there is disclosed an apparatus locatable over a propeller or the like and particularly one locatable over a propeller blade and the present invention is particularly although not exclusively intended to be an improvement of the embodiment shown in Figures 9-11 thereof wherein an open bottomed* belllike housing 21 of flexible material is disclosed connected to a retaining ring 25 locatable over a blade of the propeller 28 and over the central hub or boss of the propeller and over the bearing or housing for the propeller shaft.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus for enabling work to be carried out underwater on a propeller of a vessel wherein the apparatus may be located so as to cover at least a central portion of the propeller and; preferably, any hydraulic interconnections of a propeller blade so as to enable such hydraulic connections to be contained within the gaseous environment of the housing of the apparatus upon pressurisation thereof in accordance with the general method of operation as disclosed in Go2220019.
According to the present invention apparatus for enabling work to be carried out underwater on a propeller or like of a ship or other vessel, comprises a housing having a side wall or side walls and an upper wall and an open bottom and is such as to be capable to being located over a propeller blade or like, and over at least the region of interconnection thereof with the central hub or boss of the propeller or like and has means for enabling the housing to be securable in position thereat to enable any water in the upper portion of the housing to be expelled downwardly through the open bottom end of the housing by the introduction of pressurised gas; a portion of the normally lower edge of said side wall having a deformable portion or a recess formed therein and from which extends an extension comprising an arch-like portion or sleeve or partial sleeve with separate lower edges which sleeve and lower edges are such as to be sealingly locatable around a central part of a propeller or of a wearing or housing for the propeller shaft which is adjacent said propeller* thereby enabling sealing closure of the lower abutting edge portion of the housing thereagainst to permit the central portion of the propeller to be exposable to the gas environment within the housing upon pressurisation thereof.
Preferably the sleeve portion extension is formed of flexible material so as to be locatable around at least the upper half or part of the shaft or housing adjacent the propeller and is securable thereagainst in sealing manner. The extension may extend inwardly or outwardly of the housing. The extension may extend from part of a housing of rigid material although is preferably part of a housing which is of flexible material such as disclosed in Figure 9 of the above mentioned prior patent specification.
The sealing means may comprise suitable clamping means such as a steel band locatable around the housing or shaft and securable in a position to seal the extension. Suitable, additional securing means such as ties through eyes or the like* for example, may be provided along the bottom part of the flexible extension portion to initially locate the extension portion in position prior to the application of the sealing means.
The securing means for the housing will preferably comprise a continuous frame such as a metal frame and preferably a metal ring although other shapes are possible and it is possible for such to be provided in the form of interconnectable and detachable sections possibly contained within sleeve or other portions of the lower part of the housing so that when located over the propeller the frame may then be assembled beneath the central hub or boss of the propeller to permit the housing to be located sufficiently over the central portion of the propeller. Alternatively, the securing frame may be detachable from the housing so that the housing will first be located over a propeller blade and then the securing frame raised from below and connected to the lower part of the housing prior to pressurisation thereof.The interconnection may be by way of the main reinforcing or retaining strops of the housing and utilising, for example, shackles or the like.
The apparatus will preferably include lifting/suspension means which will preferably be connected to an upper part of the housing and preferably said lifting/suspension means will extend through an upper wall portion of the housing and be sealed relative thereto and have connecting means within said housing to permit the suspension of items within the housing such as lifting tackle and/or lifting tackle containing a replacement propeller blade within the housing. Preferably and importantly the lifting suspension means has connecting means, such as an eye, above the housing to enable the housing and any blade therein to be suspended from above and preferably from a pad eye or like on the ships hull.In this manner the substantial weight of these components is transmitted through the suspension means rather than through the fabric of the actual housing of the apparatus and thus avoids damage or weat thereto. The suspension/lifting means - (suspension device) preferably will comprise a rigid bar or rod with two eyes or the like connection means at opposite ends and extending through the housing material in sealing manner.
A method of changing the blade of a propeller or like device with removable members underwater, using a housing with open bottom wherein the housing is suspendable from above by suspension lifting means at the top of the housing and wherein two lifting tackle or like are provided preferably connected to the interior and lower end of the suspension lifting means, and each for supporting å propeller blade, comprises suspending a replacement propeller from the suspension lifting means within the housing by means of one said lifting tackle, locating the housing over the blade to be replaced underwater, supplying pressurised gas to the exterior of the housing to displace water sufficiently to enable the blade to be replaced .to be worked upon and be removed supported by said second lifting tackle, and then connecting the replacement blade and subsequently removing the housing and replaced blade.
Apparatus for enabling a propeller blade or the like to be replaced underwater comprises an open bottomed housing, preferably of flexible material, locatable over the blade of a propeller to permit work thereon underwater once water within the housing has been expelled by gas, and two suspension means within the housing for suspending two blades or suspension means for twp blades being provided within the housing.
Preferably the suspension means within the housing will be supported at the top of the housing by suspension lifting means which extend sealingly through the housing for suspension of the apparatus from above.
Suitable securement means for holding the securing means, preferably in the form of a frame against rising will be provided and also for suspension of the apparatus beneath the ship's hull such as for example as disclosed in the prior application.
The present invention also includes the possibility of providing an apparatus wherein the housing is of rigid material such as metal and access to the housing is facilitated by way of a sealingly hinged door in a side wall so that the door may be opened and the housing slid laterally over the propeller blade whereupon the door may then be closed with appropriate sealing means around the edge so that upon pressurisation of the container the sealing is improved - the side wall of the housing having a suitably shaped recess with sealing extension locatable around the propeller* shaft or bearing in the manner as described above.
The housing may even extend substantially beneath the propeller and suitable zip closure means which are pneumatically sealable may be utilised at the lower edge.
Preferably the housing has an openable vent in its upper portion to enable the air to be vented when it is desired to dis-assemble the apparatus and remove such from the working positions
The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention located in position on a propeller of a partially indicated ship; FigX 2 is a plan view of the apparatus of
Fig. 1.
The apparatus illustrated comprises an open bottomed, bell-like housing 1 of flexible material, such as PVC and has reinforcing/liftlng strips 2* such as of belting, secured thereto and connected at the lower ends thereof by way of generally D-shaped rings (not shown) secured at 3 by iooping the strips 2 on to which a shackle or the like (not shown) as connection means is provided connecting the housing 1 each with one of a plurality of eyes or like projecting from the upper surface of a metal ring 5 provided to keep the open end of housing 1 open and in shape The ring or steel tube 5 may be provided as individuai interconnectable sections such as interconnectable by way of telescoping ends located in possible sleeve portions of the lower patt of the flexible housing t (not shown) or is as shown; a continuous circular metal ring of tubular steel, as mentioned, detachably connectable to the lower edge of the housing 1. A plurality of eyes or like lugs (not shown) project from the lower surface of ring 5 for the securement of locating ties such as rope, chain or cable 7 which may be secured to propeller 8 of ship 9 or to a weight (not shown) on the sealed, In the embodiment illustrated the cable 7 is in fact secured by V-shaped engaging devices 6 located on the lower portion of downwardly projecting propeller blade 82 and a pad eye 4' on the ship's hull 4 so that when the housing is connected to the ring 5 and pressurised, the housing is prevented from rising to the surface (not shown),
The housing 1 has a lifting/suspension device 9 at its top end comprising a rod portion 10 extending through the flexible material of the housing and sealed relative thereto and has two eyes ltj 12 which enable the device to be suspended from pad eye 13 on the ship's hull 4 by suitable means 14 such as wire or chain, and enable lifting tackle 15 (such as a chainpulley device) for the upper propeller blade 8'' to be suspended within the housing 1 by means of a blade suspension device.Preferably and invoentivelyj two lifting tackles (15) or like suspension means (preferably adjustable to facilitate handling of the blades) will be provided to permit blade replacement a The device 9 may comprise a rod portion which extends in sealing manner through a reinforcement portion on the top of the housing and is preferably located by being heated and forced through the reinforcement which melts in the process and then cools and seals around the rod. Additional rubber or other flexible seals (not shown) are annular or washer like and located over the rod and sealingly clamped against the upper and lower surfaces of the housing (reinforced portion) by for example* nuts on threaded portions (not shown) of the rod to provide the sealing.
The lifting eyes or like may then be attached, if not ready.
The housing 1 of flexible material has a cut-out or recess portion 16 in the side wall which generally corresponds to the shape of the boss or adjacent ship's part and has a sealing extension 17 extending therefrom with said sealing extension 17 being of flexible material, preferably of the same material as that of the housing 1, and extending in sealing manner from the periphery of recess 16 and may be shaped as the upper part of a sleeve-like portion i.e. as a partial sleeve (not shown) or preferably, as shown, is shaped as a sleeve 17 with a slit or other lower edges 17'provided so as to enable the sleeve to be positionable over the propeller shaft or adjacent housing or like, and securable therearound by way of ties or the like (not shown) running through eyes (not shown) at a lower region of the extrusion.The sleeve exterior is sealingly clampable against the shaft (or bearing or like) by way of a steel band clamping device 20 under which protective padding may be provided to prevent damage to the sleeve extension 17. The band may be clamped by means of screw means (not shown).
The recess 16 and extension portion 17 connected in sealing manner therewith enable the lower edge 1' of the housing i to be located to extend in the embodiment to beneath the central hub portion 8iXi of the propeller so that upon pressurisation of the interior of the housing 1. with gas such as air, the water level 22 is sufficiently below the level of the central hub portion of the propeller so as to enable work to be carried out in such region.For example, if it is desired to remove a blade 8'' from a variable pitch or adjustable pitch (or the like) propeller 8 having hydraulic connections which are exposed upon removal of a blade, such can be effected without contamination of the hydraulic oil with water and also without having to continually pump out hydraulic oil into the water with consequential environmental damage, as has hitherto been necessary,
When replacing an upper propeller blade 8i'j the method of operation is as follows, a new propeller blade is connected to lifting tackle (comprising four v-shaped elements interconnected by chains) and such is then connected to the eye 12 of suspension device 9* 10 within the housing 1 and the suspension device 9* 11 of the housing 1 is connected to lifting means 14 exteriorly thereof - the lower metal frame 5 being detached at this stage.The housing with propeller blade suspended within is then lowered into the water and manoeuvred and supported by the supporting device tackle from a pad eye 13 under the ship's hull 4 and above the propeller 8 so that the new propeller or replacement propeller blade is adjacent the blade 8'' to be replaced The metal frame 5 is then raised from below to a position beneath the central boss 8tt of the propeller 8 and connected to the lower edge of the housing by the connection means and the housing and frame are retained against being raised by securing means 7 connected to the propeller 8' and/or å pad eye 4 therebelow (or even weights on the sea-bed - not shown).
The sleeve extension 17 is positioned over the the propeller shaft or bearing or like and held thereagainst by temporary tie securing means at the lower edge whereupon cushioning means are provided on top of the extension 17 and a steel clamping band 20 positioned therearound and secured to clamp the extension 17 against the propeller shaft or bearing in sealing manner so that upon subsequent pressurisation of the housing 1, the water level 22 is lowered to beneath the boss part 8 "' of the propeller 8 as shown in the drawings with escape of air adjacent the shaft being prevented or minimised by the sleeve extension 17. The sleeve extension 17 may extend (inwardly or outwardly of the housing) along at least the upper part of the propeller/shaft/bearing although as shown extends downwardly with recess 16 to the lower edge of housing 1. The upper surface of the sleeve 17 is continuous and thus escape of gas is prevented. It will be appreciated that the improvement according to the present invention enables work to be carried out utilising a flexible housing which hitherto was not possible. There are many operations which the apparatus according to the present invention permit which were hitherto not possible. The apparatus may be also used for work on stabilizers or other normally underwater devices.
Claims (25)
1. A method of changing the blade of a propeller or like device with removable members underwater, using a housing with open bottom wherein the housing is suspendable from above by suspension/lifting means at the top of the housing and wherein two lifting tackle or like are provided preferably connected to the interior and lower end of the suspension/lifting means, and each for supporting a propeller blade, comprises suspending a replacement propeller from the suspensionifting means within the housing by means of one said lifting tackle, locating the housing over the blade to be replaced underwater, supplying pressurised gas to the interior of the housing to displace water sufficiently to enable the blade to be replaced to be worked upon and be removed supported by said second lifting tackle, and then connecting the replacement blade and subsequently removing the housing and replaced blade.
2. Apparatus for enabling a propeller blade or the like to be replaced underwater comprises an open bottomed housing, preferably of flexible material, locatable over the blade of a propeller to permit work thereon underwater once water within the housing has been expelled by gas, and two suspension means within the housing for suspending two blades or suspension means for two blades being provided within the housing.
3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, in which the suspension means within the housing is supported at the top of the housing by suspension/lifting means which extend sealingly through the housing for suspension of the apparatus from above.
4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2 or 3, in which suitable securement means are provided for holding the housing against rising, and also means for suspension of the apparatus beneath the ship's hull.
5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4, in which the securement means is a frame.
6. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 2 to 5, in which the housing extends substantially beneath the propeller and suitable zip closure means which are pneumatically sealable may be utilised at the lower edge.
7. According to the present invention apparatus for enabling work to be carried out underwater on a propeller or like of a ship or other vessel, comprises a housing having a side wall or side walls and an upper wall and an open bottom and is such as to be capable to being located over a propeller blade or like, and over at least the region of interconnection thereof with the central hub or boss of the propeller or like and has means for enabling the housing to be securable in position thereat to enable any water in the upper portion of the housing to be expelled downwardly through the open bottom end of the housing by the introduction of pressurised gas; a portion of the normally lower edge of said side wall having a deformable portion or a recess formed therein and from which extends an extension comprising an arch-like portion or sleeve or partial sleeve with separate lower edges which sleeve and lower edges are such as to be sealingly locatable around a central part of a propeller or of a bearing or housing for the propeller shaft which is adjacent said propeller, thereby enabling sealing closure of the lower abutting edge portion of the housing thereagainst to permit the central portion of the propeller to be exposable to the gas environment within the housing upon pressurisation thereof.
8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7, in which the sleeve portion extension is formed of flexible material so as to be locatable around at least the upper half or part of the shaft or housing adjacent the propeller and is securable thereagainst in sealing manner.
9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 7 or 8, in which the extension extends inwardly or outwardly of the housing.
10. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 7 to 9, in which the extension may extend from part of a housing of rigid material.
11. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 7 to 9, in which the housing is part of a housing which is of flexible material.
12. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 7 to 11, in which the sealing means comprise suitable clamping means (such as a steel band locatable around the housing or shaft) and securable in a position to seal the extension.
13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12, in which suitable, additional securing means (such as ties through eyes or the like), are provided along the bottom part of the flexible extension portion to initially locate the extension portion in position prior to the application of the sealing means.
14. Apparatus as claimed in at least claim 7, in which the securing means for the housing comprises a continuous frame.
15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 14, in which the frame is in the form of interconnectable and detachable sections so that when the housing is located over the propeller, the frame may then be assembled beneath the central hub or boss of the propeller to permit the housing to be located sufficiently over the central portion of the propeller.
16. Apparatus as claimed in at least claim 7, in which the securing frame is detachable from the housing so that the housing is first located over a propeller blade and then the securing frame raised from below and connected to the lower part of the housing prior to pressurisation thereof.
17. Apparatus as claimed in any of claims 14 to 16, in which the interconnection is by way of the main reinforcing or retaining strops of the housing and utilising, for example, shackles or the like.
18. Apparatus as claimed in claim 15, in which the frame sections are contained within sleeve or other portions of the lower part of the housing.
19. Apparatus as claimed in at least claim 7, in which the apparatus includes lifting/suspension means.
20. Apparatus as claimed in claim 19, in which the lifting/suspension means is connected to an upper part of the housing.
21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 20, in which the lifting/suspension means extends through an upper wall portion of the housing and is sealed relative thereto and has connecting means within said housing to permit the suspension of items within the housing such as lifting tackle and/or lifting tackle containing a replacement propeller blade within the housing.
22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21, in which the lifting/suspension means has connecting means, such as an eye, above the housing to enable the housing End any blade therein to be suspended from above.
23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21 or 22, in which the suspension/lifting means (suspension device) comprises a rigid bar or rod with two eyes or the like connection means at opposite ends and extending through the housing material in sealing manner.
24. An apparatus wherein the housing is of rigid material and access to the housing is facilitated by way of a sealingly hinged door in a side wall so that the door may be opened and the housing slid laterally over the propeller blade whereupon the door may then be closed with appropriate sealing means around the edge so that upon pressurisation of the container the sealing is improved - the side wall of the housing having a suitably shaped recess with sealing extension locatable around the propeller, shaft or bearing in the manner as described above.
25. An apparatus for enabling work underwater on a propeller blade substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9110198A GB2255582A (en) | 1991-05-10 | 1991-05-10 | Replacing marine propellor blades |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9110198A GB2255582A (en) | 1991-05-10 | 1991-05-10 | Replacing marine propellor blades |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB9110198D0 GB9110198D0 (en) | 1991-07-03 |
| GB2255582A true GB2255582A (en) | 1992-11-11 |
Family
ID=10694807
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9110198A Withdrawn GB2255582A (en) | 1991-05-10 | 1991-05-10 | Replacing marine propellor blades |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2255582A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011120551A1 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Propeller service method |
| EP2786930A1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-08 | Van Rompay, Boudewijn Gabriel | Device for repairing a ship's propeller and method in which such a device is applied |
| CN110171527A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-27 | 广船国际有限公司 | A kind of replacing options and ship of ship blade |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1093879A (en) * | 1965-01-15 | 1967-12-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for performing underwater observations and work |
| US3712070A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-01-23 | J Macinnis | Small portable underwater observation and communication chamber |
| GB2009290A (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1979-06-13 | Comex | Submarine Chamber and Method for Carrying Out Repair Works in a Gas Atmosphere on Elongated Elements |
-
1991
- 1991-05-10 GB GB9110198A patent/GB2255582A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1093879A (en) * | 1965-01-15 | 1967-12-06 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Improvements in or relating to apparatus for performing underwater observations and work |
| US3712070A (en) * | 1971-11-18 | 1973-01-23 | J Macinnis | Small portable underwater observation and communication chamber |
| GB2009290A (en) * | 1977-12-01 | 1979-06-13 | Comex | Submarine Chamber and Method for Carrying Out Repair Works in a Gas Atmosphere on Elongated Elements |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011120551A1 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | Propeller service method |
| CN102822050A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2012-12-12 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | Propeller service method |
| CN102822050B (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2015-10-14 | 瓦锡兰芬兰有限公司 | For safeguarding the method and apparatus of marine propeller under water |
| US9211615B2 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2015-12-15 | Trident Bv | Propeller service method |
| EP2786930A1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-10-08 | Van Rompay, Boudewijn Gabriel | Device for repairing a ship's propeller and method in which such a device is applied |
| BE1021093B1 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2015-11-12 | VAN ROMPAY BOUDEWIJN GABRIëL | DEVICE FOR REPAIRING A SHIP'S SCREW AND METHOD TO WHICH SUCH DEVICE IS APPLIED |
| CN110171527A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-27 | 广船国际有限公司 | A kind of replacing options and ship of ship blade |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB9110198D0 (en) | 1991-07-03 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |