GB2127849A - Electrocoloring aluminum or alloy thereof in a yellow to orange color - Google Patents
Electrocoloring aluminum or alloy thereof in a yellow to orange color Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2127849A GB2127849A GB08321734A GB8321734A GB2127849A GB 2127849 A GB2127849 A GB 2127849A GB 08321734 A GB08321734 A GB 08321734A GB 8321734 A GB8321734 A GB 8321734A GB 2127849 A GB2127849 A GB 2127849A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- aluminum
- alloy
- electrocoloring
- bath
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Se]=O JPJALAQPGMAKDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910018162 SeO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940082569 selenite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L selenite(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Se]([O-])=O MCAHWIHFGHIESP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CCCC1 PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 aluminum magnesium-silicon Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- NJDNXYGOVLYJHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-(3-oxido-6-oxoxanthen-9-yl)benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=CC(=O)C=C2OC2=CC([O-])=CC=C21 NJDNXYGOVLYJHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018464 Al—Mg—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910006639 Si—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001112 rose gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940065287 selenium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003343 selenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003748 selenium group Chemical group *[Se]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001097 yellow gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010930 yellow gold Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/20—Electrolytic after-treatment
- C25D11/22—Electrolytic after-treatment for colouring layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/12—Anodising more than once, e.g. in different baths
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
Aluminum or an alloy thereof is electrocolored in a yellow to orange color by first subjecting previously anodized aluminum or alloy thereof to a pre-treatment in a highly concentrated phosphoric acid (H3PO4) bath while passing an alternating current therethrough. The aluminum or alloy thereof is then colored in an electrolytic bath comprising SeO2 or an alkaline selenite by passing therethrough an alternating current at 8-20 volts.
Description
SPECIFICATION
A method for electrocoloring aluminum or alloy thereof in a yellow to orange color
This invention relates to electrocoloring aluminum and its alloys.
Various electrocoloring processes are currently known which are applicable to previously anodized aluminum and its alloys to achieve a wide range of colors, including such colors as bronze, gold, yellow and orange, and red.
Thus, as an example, processes are known wherein the aluminum or alloy thereof, which has been coated with a layer of porous oxide by anodic oxidation (i.e. by anodization), is treated in a phosphoric acid bath with direct or alternating current, and subsequently subjected to electrocoloring, e.g. with an electrolyte containing nickel or tin, to produce, as a function of the duration of the electrocoloring step, a yellow to gold to orange to red color shade.
Such a process is disclosed, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 4,251,330, wherein the resulting colors can be attributed to so-called optical interference effects.
The process of this prior patent involves problems connected with the final color achieved, since color fading may occur after electrocoloring and prior to the final fixing step such as is normally carried out in this type of process.
Color fading has been attributed to the electrodeposited pigment being re-dissolved by acid electrolyte residues which are left in the pores of the anodic oxide layer. While U.S. Patent No.
4,251,330 mentions previously proposed techniques for obviating color fading, in particular that of using a stabilizing treatment before fixing by immersion of the electrocolored workpiece in a chromate bath, it proposes, in turn, a novel technique of electrolytically co-depositing two metals which are capable of forming alloys resistant to acid attack. Of course, this technique, while apparently obviating the drawbacks connected with color fading after the coloring step, also introduces some disadvantages connected with increased operative difficulties and a higher material consumption.
Another prior patent, namely U.S. Patent No. 3,382,160, discloses the electrodeposition of selenium onto anodized aluminum to impart a yellow-gold or red-gold color to the aluminum. The process described therein involves a prolonged electrodeposition extended for about 10 minutes at a potential of 13 to 20 Volts. In such conditions, the amounts of acidic electrolyte left in the pores of the aluminum oxide layer are quite large, so that increased residues are released in the course of the fixing operation which follows. The net result is that the selenium electrocolored aluminum, produced by the method of this U.S. patent, is liable to advanced corrosion and cannot pass the corrosion tests required for certain architectural applications.
This invention provides a method for electrocoloring aluminum or an alloy thereof in a yellow to orange color, which avoids the cited disadvantages of conventional techniques.
The colors obtained by the new method are stable and not liable to variation, e.g. on exposure to light. No stabilization treatment before the final fixing is required.
The final products have high resistance to corrosion.
The method of the present invention, for electrocoloring aluminum or an alloy thereof with a yellow to orange color of improved color stability, comprises subjecting anodized aluminum or an alloy thereof to an electrolytic pre-treatment in a bath containing phosphoric acid in a concentration of 1 50 to 300 g/liter, while passing an alternating current therethrough, electrocoloring the thus pre-treated aluminum or alloy thereof in a bath containing a selenium electrolyte using an alternating current at a voltage of 8 to 20 Volts for less than 10 minutes, and then subjecting the thus electrocolored aluminum or alloy thereof directly to a final fixing without using any intermediate color stabilizing step.
It has been unexpectedly found that, by the method of this invention, aluminum and its alloys can be colored in colors ranging from various shades of yellow to orange, which are particularly stable against variations caused by dissolving by the acidic electrolyte, and by light and weather exposure, that is by corrosion in general.
In the new method previously anodized aluminum, or alloy thereof onto which a porous layer of anodic aluminum oxide, having generally a thickness of at least 3 microns, has been formed, is used.
The anodization of aluminum and its alloys is effected in a conventional manner, generally in a sulphuric acid bath, while a direct current is passed at a voltage and for a duration which depend on the sulphuric acid concentration in the bath and on the temperature. In general, concentrations in the 100 to 200 g/liter and voltages in the 10 to 20-Volt range, at room temperature and for times of 20-50 minutes, are used.
The anodized aluminum or alloy thereof is then subjected to an electrolytic pre-treatment step, which tends to optimize the subsequent electrolytic deposition of the pigment. It is believed that such pre-treatment acts to modify the size and geometry of the pores in the anodic oxide layer.
In this step an acid bath is used, in particular a bath of phospheric acid or a mixture thereof with an organic or inorganic acid, such as sulphuric acid, oxalic acid, or tartaric acid. The phosphoric acid concentration is a critical factor in the method of the invention, and is in the 1 50 to 300 g/liter range.
Where other acids are added to the phosphoric acid, the latter should be provided in amounts greater than 50 percent of the mixture of acids present in the bath.
During this pre-treatment step, an alternating current is passed through the treatment bath at a voltage of 9 to 1 5 Volts for usually from 1 to 5 minutes. The treatment is carried out at a temperature in the 100C to 350C range, and generally at room temperature.
The pre-treatment step, which is believed to enlarge the pores in the anodic oxide layer, is followed, in the method of this invention, by the electrocoloring step proper, in a bath containing a selenium electrolyte. In general, either selenium dioxide or an alkaline selenite is used in a concentration from 1 to 30 g/liter. In addition to the selenium compound, the electrocoloring bath should include an acid, preferably H2SO4, in a concentration of 1 to 30 g/liter. Electrocoloring is effected with an alternating current at 8-20 Volts for a time of up to 10 minutes. The temperature should be in the 1 0-350C range, preferably room temperature.
In the new method, the pre-treatment and electrocoloring steps are carried out as two discrete steps in two separate baths. Preferably, during the pre-treatment step of pore modification, H3P is used in a concentration from 200 to 300 g/l. The electrocoloring step which follows in the bath containing the selenium electrolyte is preferably carried out at a voltage of 8-1 6 Volts for 3-4 minutes.
The method of this invention yields, after the electrocoloring, a stable color which remains unaffected during the interval between the completion of the electrocoloring step and the final, conventional, color fixing treatment, such as is required with this type of process. Thus, no preliminary operations for fixing for color stabilization are required, such as immersion in chromate baths or codeposition of two metals, as become necessary with conventional techniques.
Accordingly, after the electrocoloring step, an ordinary fixing operation is carried out, e.g. by boiling in deionized water, with the possible addition of an additive such as a nickel salt.
The resulting selenium-electrocolored aluminum or alloy thereof has a color in a shade of yellow to orange, which will vary depending on the duration of the pre-treatment step in the phosphoric acid. The colors obtained are unaffected by exposure to light and weather, so that aluminum articles so colored are particularly suitable for architectural and other applications having high corrosion-resistance requirements.
The invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the following examples.
EXAMPLE 1
An aluminum sample which has been oxidized in a H2SO4 bath at 1 80 g/l, 1 5 Volts, and 1.5 A/dm2 with direct current for 30 minutes, was subjected to treatment with an alternating current (10 Volts for 1 minute) in a H3PO4 250 g/l solution at room temperature. After rinsing in deionized water, electrocoloring was carried out in a bath containing SeO2 (10 g/l) and H2S04 (20 g/i) at 12 Volts for 3 minutes. A pinky yellow color was obtained. The sample, after fixing in a solution of nickel salts at 950C, showed no discoloration.
EXAMPLE 2
An aluminum sample oxidized in a H2S04 bath at 1 80 g/l, 1 5 Volts, and 1.5 A/dm2 with direct current for 30 minutes, was subjected to treatment with alternating current (10 Volts for 1.5 minutes) in a solution of H3PO4 at 250 g/l and sulphuric acid at 50 g/l at room temperature. After rinsing with deionized water, electrocoloring was carried out using a solution of SeO2 (10 g/l), and H2SO4 (20 gl) at
12 Volts for 3 minutes. A golden yellow color was obtained. Following fixing in a solution of nickel salts at 950C, the sample showed no discoloration.
EXAMPLE 3
An aluminum sample oxidized in a bath of H2S04 at 1 80 g/l, 15 Volts, and 1.5 A/dm2 with direct current for 30 minutes, was then subjected to treatment with alternating current at 1 0 Volts for 2.5 minutes in a H3PO4 (300 g/l) solution at ambient temperature. Following rinsing with deionized water, electrocoloring was carried out in a solution of SeO2 (10 g/l), and H2S04 (20 g/l), at 12 Volts for 3
minutes using a stainless steel counterelectrode.
An orange color was obtained. The sample, upon fixing in a nickel salt solution at 950C, showed no discoloration.
Tabie 1 which follows illustrates some Examples of the colors to be obtained with the method of this invention, as a function of the duration of the pore modification pre-treatment.
TABLE 1
Thickness of the Duration times of Alternating current Color fixing
oxide layer formed pre-treatment with electrocoloring with with nickel
by direct current 250 91- H3PO4 10 gel ' SeO2 salt at 950C
anodization in and alternating and 20 91- and 3 minim H2SO4(microns) current (min.) H2SO4 oxide
12 1.0 pinky yellow No discoloration observed
12 1.5 golden yellow No discoloration observed
12 2.5 orange No discoloration observed
18 1.0 pinky yellow No discoloration observed
1 8 2.0 golden yellow No discoloration observed
18 3.0 orange No discoloration observed
20 1.5 pinky yellow No discoloration observed
20 2.5 golden yellow No discoloration observed
20 3.5 orange No discoloration observed
Aluminum articles electrocoiored by the method of this invention have been subjected to testing for resistance to light exposure in conformity with standard UNI 4529 (Xeno test).
The results obtained are as shown below:
Oxide Evaluated resistance
thickness Color to light exposure
12 Mm pinky yellow 8
golden yellow 8
orange 6-7 12 um pinky yellow 8
golden yellow 8
orange 6-7
The above results relate to aluminum articles having an anodic oxide layer 1 2 Mm or 1 8 *4m, thick,
and show that electrocoloring with selenium in accordance with this invention yields colors having
maximum or next-to-maximum resistance to light. For the Xeno Test a rating of 8 represents the
maximum rating of resistance to light.
The new method is particularly effective for treatment of aluminum alloys, such as aluminum
magnesium-silicon and aluminum-magnesium-silicon manganese alloys. Information about Al-Mg-Si
and A-Mg-Si-Mn alloys may be collected from UNI-3571 and UNI-3569 data.
Claims (10)
1. A method for electrocoloring aluminum or an alloy thereof in a yellow to orange color, which
comprises subjecting anodized aluminum or alloy thereof to an electrolytic pre-treatment in a bath
containing phosphoric acid in a concentration of 1 50-300 g/l while passing an alternating current
therethrough, electrocoloring the thus pre-treated aluminum or alloy thereof in a bath containing a
selenium electrolyte using an alternating current at a voltage of 8-20 Volts for less than 10 minutes,
and subjecting the thus electrocolored aluminum or alloy thereof directly to a final fixing without using
any intermediate color stabilizing step.
2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the pre-treatment bath contains, as electrolyte,
phosphoric acid or a mixture thereof with an organic or inorganic acid, the said mixture containing over
50 percent by weight of phosphoric acid.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the said mixture contains oxalic acid, tartaric acid, and/or sulphuric acid, in addition to the phosphoric acid.
4. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the pre-treatment is carried out in a bath containing H3PO4 in a concentration from 200 to 300 g/l, and at a voltage of 9 to 1 5 Volts for a period of 1-5 minutes.
5. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the said electrocoloring step is carried out at a voltage of 8 to 1 6 Volts for a time not exceeding 3-4 minutes.
6. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the said selenium electrolyte is
SeO2 or an alkaline selenite.
7. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the said electrocoloring bath contains the said selenium electrolyte in a concentration from 1 to 30 g/l and sulphuric acid in concentration from 1 to 30 g/l.
8. A method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the said final fixing step is carried out by boiling the electrocolored aluminum or alloy thereof in a bath of deionized water optionally containing a nickel salt.
9. A method according to claim 1 substantially as herein described in any one of the Examples.
10. Electrocolored aluminum or alloy thereof produced by the process of any of claims 1 to 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT23657/82A IT1153213B (en) | 1982-10-07 | 1982-10-07 | ELECTRO-COLORING PROCESS OF ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS IN YELLOW-ORANGE TONES |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8321734D0 GB8321734D0 (en) | 1983-09-14 |
| GB2127849A true GB2127849A (en) | 1984-04-18 |
| GB2127849B GB2127849B (en) | 1985-10-16 |
Family
ID=11208939
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08321734A Expired GB2127849B (en) | 1982-10-07 | 1983-08-12 | Electrocoloring aluminum or alloy thereof in a yellow to orange color |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3331857A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2534281B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2127849B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1153213B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE458207B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2654118A1 (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-05-10 | Sandoz Sa | PROCESS FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC TREATMENT OF ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS. |
| CN1059476C (en) * | 1996-08-21 | 2000-12-13 | 邓维鹏 | Eletrolytic colouring technology for golden colour aluminium alloy selenide |
| WO2001018281A1 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2001-03-15 | Alcan International Limited | Rapid colouring process for aluminum products |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3382160A (en) * | 1960-03-31 | 1968-05-07 | Asada Tahei | Process for inorganically coloring aluminum |
| US4251330A (en) * | 1978-01-17 | 1981-02-17 | Alcan Research And Development Limited | Electrolytic coloring of anodized aluminium by means of optical interference effects |
-
1982
- 1982-10-07 IT IT23657/82A patent/IT1153213B/en active
-
1983
- 1983-08-12 GB GB08321734A patent/GB2127849B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-15 SE SE8304416A patent/SE458207B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1983-08-25 FR FR8313729A patent/FR2534281B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-09-03 DE DE19833331857 patent/DE3331857A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2654118A1 (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-05-10 | Sandoz Sa | PROCESS FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC TREATMENT OF ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS. |
| GB2237817A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1991-05-15 | Sandoz Ltd | Electrolytic colouring of anodized aluminium |
| GB2237817B (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1994-03-02 | Sandoz Ltd | Process for electrolytically treating aluminium and aluminium alloys |
| CN1059476C (en) * | 1996-08-21 | 2000-12-13 | 邓维鹏 | Eletrolytic colouring technology for golden colour aluminium alloy selenide |
| WO2001018281A1 (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2001-03-15 | Alcan International Limited | Rapid colouring process for aluminum products |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT8223657A0 (en) | 1982-10-07 |
| DE3331857A1 (en) | 1984-04-12 |
| FR2534281A1 (en) | 1984-04-13 |
| FR2534281B1 (en) | 1986-12-26 |
| SE8304416D0 (en) | 1983-08-15 |
| GB8321734D0 (en) | 1983-09-14 |
| SE458207B (en) | 1989-03-06 |
| SE8304416L (en) | 1984-04-08 |
| GB2127849B (en) | 1985-10-16 |
| IT1153213B (en) | 1987-01-14 |
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| 732 | Registration of transactions, instruments or events in the register (sect. 32/1977) | ||
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |