GB2119611A - Fishing rod - Google Patents
Fishing rod Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2119611A GB2119611A GB08213665A GB8213665A GB2119611A GB 2119611 A GB2119611 A GB 2119611A GB 08213665 A GB08213665 A GB 08213665A GB 8213665 A GB8213665 A GB 8213665A GB 2119611 A GB2119611 A GB 2119611A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- carbon fibre
- modulus
- pieces
- fishing rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000826860 Trapezium Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K87/00—Fishing rods
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fishing Rods (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Abstract
A tube for a fishing rod is formed of synthetic resin reinforced with at least two different forms of carbon fibre material, with the carbon fibre material at one end of the tube having a higher modulus of elasticity than the material at the other end of the tube, whereby the tube may have much greater flexibility towards the tip end whilst permitting the use solely or substantially solely of carbon fibres as the reinforcement.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Tubes for fishing rods and their manufacture
This invention relates to tubes for fishing rods and their manufacture.
The use of carbon fibre material has made possible the manufacture of lightweight fishing rods. Particularly for match rods, it is desirable that the rod should be as light as possible but should be relatively stiff except for the top end of the rod. The top of the rod must be gentle in action to avoid too much strain on the tackie. It must be sufficiently flexible to give assistance in casting.
This part of the rod however must not be too flexible because the top of the rod would then wobble and the rod would be useless for casting or for hooking a fish.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved tube for a fishing rod in which an end part of the tube is more flexible than the remaining part.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a tube for a fishing rod, which tube is formed of synthetic resin reinforced with carbon fibre wherein at least two different forms of carbon fibre material are used with the material at one end of the tube having a higher modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) than the material at the other end.
The tube may, in the known way, be tapered to have a diameter decreasing from the end containing material with the higher modulus to a smaller diameter at the end containing material with the smaller modulus. The amount of carbon fibre reinforcement per unit length may be reduced along the length of the tube, e.g. if the fibre reinforcement is in the form of a woven fabric, by using a thinner cloth at one end than at the other.
If a uniform grade of carbon reinforcing fibre were used, tapering of the rod and reduction of the amount of the fibre per unit length enables the flexibility to be increased along the length of the rod with however a consequent reduction in strength. Use of fibres with different moduli of elasticity however enables the flexibility to be increased without necessarily making the tube weaker.
Carbon fibres are produced by controlled pyrolysis of fibres of long-chain molecules of carbon-containing material. Variation of heat treatment gives material with different properties.
Commercially available "high modules" carbon fibre typically has a modulus of elasticity which is between 2 and 3 times as great as that of "high breaking strain" carbon fibre. The latter material does however have a much higher tensile strength. The use of a lower modulus carbon fibre material thus enables the required strength to be maintained despite tapering of the tube and/or the use of less reinforcement, e.g. in the form of a thinner cloth. The tapering and the decrease in the amount of reinforcement in themselves give increased flexibility.This construction using different forms of carbon fibre material with different moduli of elasticity thus enables a tube for a fishing rod to be made having the required increase in flexibility towards the tip end whilst still retaining the required strength yet it permits of the use solely or substantially solely of carbon fibres as the reinforcement. The tube is thus inherently lighter than an equivalent tube in which glass fibres are used in addition to carbon fibres to give the required flexibility. It may be desirable however to use a small amount of glass fibre in the reinforcement, e.g. in the form of glass cloth, to give hoop strength and to hold the carbon matrix together during manufacture.
In practice the use of only two different carbon fibre materials has been found sufficient. The two materials may be combined over part of the length of the tube. It will be appreciated that the variation in proportions of the material along the length of the tube will be selected according to the particular flexibility requirements. For example in a preferred embodiment to be described later, one end portion of the tube has a reinforcement of 100% of the higher modulus material and the other end portion of the tube has a reinforcement of 100% of the lower modulus material and there is an intermediate portion in which the proportions of the two materials change along the length of that intermediate portion.Such a tube would normaliy be tapered, usually with a uniform taper, from a larger diameter at the end with the higher modulus material to a smaller diameter at the end with the lower modulus material.
Tubes in accordance with this aspect of the invention, and which are thus more flexible at one end than the other, are suitable for use as the top section of a multi-section fishing rod where it is desired that the top end of the rod should be more flexible than the lower, relatively stiff, part of the rod.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of making a tube for a fishing rod comprises winding onto a mandrel an elongate sheet arranged to provide a plurality of turns around the mandrel and comprising two or more pieces of fibrous fabric arranged substantially edge to edge along the mandrel, one end piece being formed of carbon fibre of a relatively high modulus of elasticity and the other being formed of carbon fibre of a relatively low modulus of elasticity and any intermediate pieces being formed of carbon fibre of an intermediate modulus of elasticity, each piece being impregnated with a synthetic resin, and then curing the resin. Conveniently only two pieces are employed and they are shaped so that the proportion of carbon fibre of higher modulus at no point along the tube increases towards said one end.
The phrase "substantially edge to edge" includes the case where there is a certain amount of overlapping of adjacent edge regions of the pieces and the case where there is a slight gap between adjacent edges. It will be understood that the above-mentioned spacing of adjacent edges will only be employed where the edges extend obliquely to the length of the sheet such that portions of the gap between the spaced edges in adjacent turns around the mandrel do not coincide or overlap with each other. Preferably adjacent edges are of complementary shape and abut with substantially no overlap or gap thereby providing constancy of wall thickness across such a join between adjacent pieces. The complementary shape of adjacent edges may be a straight or curved taper extending obliquely to the longitudinal direction of the sheet. Alternatively such edges may be in the shape of serrations.
Both the taper and the serrations provide a gradual change in the proportions of the different types of carbon fibre in the wound tube over a length corresponding to the longitudinal extent of the taper or serrations. An alternative to the serrations is castellations of various forms but these will provide step changes instead of gradual changes.
Where the complementary shape is in the form of serrations, castellations and the like, with the general line of edge extending at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the sheet, there will be a non-integral number of pattern repeats per turn of the sheet around the mandrel to prevent the butt joints in one turn coinciding with those in an adjacent turn or turns.
Preferably the pieces of fabric are shaped so that the number of turns around the mandrel remains constant along the length of the tube. In a preferred embodiment, two pieces of fabric of carbon fibre materials having differing moduli of elasticity are used, the pieces having oblique edges to give a gradual change in composition along at least part of the length of the tube.
Although preferably a woven cloth is employed, it would be possible to use a non-woven cloth, such as a felt.
As indicated above, glass cloth may be used in addition to the two different kinds of carbon fibre material to give hoop strength and to hold the carbon fibre material together during manufacture of the tube.
The technique described above makes it possible to form a tube for a fishing rod in which the reinforcement in different parts of the tube is such as to give differing degrees of stiffness yet having the required strength and a light weight.
The properties of the tube will depend not only on the material used for the reinforcement but also, in a woven fabric cloth having longitudinal and latitudinal threads, on relative properties and numbers of longitudinal and latitudinal threads in the fabric.
According to a further aspect of the invention, a fishing rod comprises a top section and one or
more lower sections, all the sections being formed of resin reinforced with carbon fibre but at least the top section comprising a tube as defined above in connection with the first aspect of this
invention.
The following is a description of one embodiment of the invention, reference being made to the accompanying drawing which illustrates two pieces of carbon fibre fabric for winding onto a single mandrel to form the top section of a multi-section fishing rod.
The two pieces 10, 11 of fabric illustrated in the drawing are for the purpose of forming the top section, just over four feet long, of a three-section match fishing rod. The lower sections are formed of carbon fibre reinforced synthetic resin. The top section has, at the tip end, to have much more flexibility than the lower sections. This top section, for the top two to three feet thereof, is formed of a piece of carbon fibre fabric 10 using carbon fibres of relatively low modulus of elasticity but of high tensile strength. The fabric 10 is a woven cloth impregnated with a synthetic resin. Conveniently a phenolic or epoxy or polyester resin is employed, the resin typically amounting to between 30 and 45% by weight of the total material.The piece of fabric 11 forming the lower part of the top section is formed of carbon fibre cloth having carbon fibres with a higher modulus of elasticity than the
material of fabric 10. The fabric 11 is also
impregnated with a resin, typically amounting to
between 30 and 45% by weight of the combined
cloth and resin; the resin is the same as that
employed for impregnating the cloth of the
piece 10.
The two pieces 10, 11 of resin impregnated
cloth together form a trapezium shaped sheet which is wound on a tapered mandrel to form a
hollow tapered tube. The shape of the trapezium is
such that the number of turns around the mandrel.
typically about three, is uniform along the length
of the mandrel. The two different pieces 10, 11 of
cloth have complementary tapered edges where they are to overlap in the vicinity of the middle of the top section of the fishing rod as shown at 12 and 13 respectively. These tapers on the two
pieces 10, 11 of cloth are complementary, that is to say they have the same depth between the top
and bottom of the tapers and have straight sides so that, if the two pieces of cloth are wound with
abutting tapers, i.e. with the top and bottom ends
of the taper of one piece of cloth lying adjacent the
bottom and top of the taper of the other piece, then the amount of material is uniform along the
length of the rod giving a straight tapered tube.
However the proportions of the two different
carbon fibre materials gradually increases along
the length of the tube in the region from the
bottom of the taper 12 to the bottom of the taper
13. The lower part of the rod beyond the overlap
region has the higher modulus carbon fibre
material only whilst the top of the rod has the
lower modulus carbon fibre material. The slope of
the taper can be changed to alter the axial extent
of the overlap region and, if desired, it can extend
to one or both ends of the tube.
The resin used is preferably a phenolic or epoxy
or polyester resin but other types may be used.
The same resin is used for the two different carbon
fibre materials or alternatively compatible resins
are employed so that the two pieces of cloth may
be wound on the mandrel and then cured together
to become bonded into a unitary structure.
A small amount of glass cloth may be used in addition to the carbon fibre material to give hoop strength and to hold the carbon fibre material together during manufacture of the tube.
Claims (15)
1. A tube for a fishing rod, which tube is formed of synthetic resin reinforced solely with carbon fibre wherein at least two different forms of carbon fibre material are used with the material at one end of the tube having a higher modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) than the material at the other end.
2. A tube as claimed in claim 1 wherein the tube is tapered to have a diameter decreasing from the end containing material with the higher modulus to a smaller diameter at the end containing material with the smaller modulus.
3. A tube as claimed in either claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the amount of reinforcement per unit length may be reduced along the length of the tube.
4. A tube as claimed in claim 3 wherein the fibre reinforcement is in the form of a woven fabric and wherein a thinner cloth is used at one end than at the other.
5. A tube as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein two different carbon fibre materials are used, the two materials being combined over part of the length of the tube.
6. A tube as claimed in any of the preceding claims wherein one end portion of the tube has a reinforcement of 100% of the higher modulus material and the other end portion of the tube has a reinforcement of 100% of the lower modulus material and wherein there is an intermediate portion in which the proportions of the two materials change along the length of that intermediate portion.
7. A tube as claimed in claim 6 wherein the tube is tapered with a uniform taper from a larger diameter at the end with the higher modulus material to a smaller diameter at the end with the lower modulus material.
8. A method of making a tube for a fishing rod comprising winding onto a mandrel an elongate sheet arranged to provide a plurality of turns around the mandrel and comprising two or more pieces of fibrous fabric arranged substantially edge to edge along the mandrel, one end piece being formed of carbon fibre of a relatively high modulus of elasticity and the other being formed of carbon fibre of a relatively low modulus of elasticity and any intermediate piece being formed of carbon fibre of an intermediate modulus of elasticity, each piece being impregnated with a synthetic resin, and then curing the resin.
9. A method as claimed in claim 8 wherein only two pieces are employed which pieces are shaped so that the proportion of carbon fibre of higher modulus at no point along the tube increases towards said one end.
10. A method as claimed in either claim 8 or claim 9 wherein edges of adjacent pieces are of complementary shape and abut with substantially no overlap or gap.
11. A method as claimed in any shape of claims 8 to 10 wherein the pieces of fabric are shaped so that the number of turns around the mandrel remains constant along the length of the tube.
12. A method as claimed in any of claims 8 to 11 wherein the pieces of fabric are woven cloth.
13. A method as claimed in any of claims 8 to 11 wherein the pieces of fabric are a non-woven cloth.
14. A fishing rod comprising a top section and one or more lower sections, all the sections being formed of resin reinforced with carbon fibre but at least the top section comprising a tube as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7.
15. A tube for a fishing rod substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
1 6. A method of making a tube for a fishing rod substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08213665A GB2119611A (en) | 1982-05-11 | 1982-05-11 | Fishing rod |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08213665A GB2119611A (en) | 1982-05-11 | 1982-05-11 | Fishing rod |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2119611A true GB2119611A (en) | 1983-11-23 |
Family
ID=10530295
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08213665A Withdrawn GB2119611A (en) | 1982-05-11 | 1982-05-11 | Fishing rod |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2119611A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4860481A (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-08-29 | Berkley, Inc. | Solid graphite rod tip |
| EP0701774A1 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-20 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Intra-line fishing rod |
| EP0826481A2 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-04 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Pipe-shaped body |
| US6601334B1 (en) * | 1996-11-30 | 2003-08-05 | Daiwa Seiko, Inc. | Fishing rod |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1362531A (en) * | 1972-05-02 | 1974-08-07 | Morganite Modmor Ltd | Reinforced plastic materials |
| US4043074A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1977-08-23 | Skyline Industries, Inc. | Graphite fiber fishing rod |
| GB1504446A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-03-22 | Bruce & Walker Ltd Bruce J And | Fishing rods and their manufacture |
| US4083140A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1978-04-11 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Fishing rod ferrule |
-
1982
- 1982-05-11 GB GB08213665A patent/GB2119611A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1362531A (en) * | 1972-05-02 | 1974-08-07 | Morganite Modmor Ltd | Reinforced plastic materials |
| US4083140A (en) * | 1975-08-13 | 1978-04-11 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Fishing rod ferrule |
| US4043074A (en) * | 1975-12-31 | 1977-08-23 | Skyline Industries, Inc. | Graphite fiber fishing rod |
| GB1504446A (en) * | 1976-12-13 | 1978-03-22 | Bruce & Walker Ltd Bruce J And | Fishing rods and their manufacture |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4860481A (en) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-08-29 | Berkley, Inc. | Solid graphite rod tip |
| EP0701774A1 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1996-03-20 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Intra-line fishing rod |
| EP0890306A2 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1999-01-13 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Intra-line fishing rod |
| US5926992A (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1999-07-27 | Daiwa Seiko, Inc. | Intra-line fishing rod |
| EP0890306A3 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1999-10-13 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Intra-line fishing rod |
| EP0887015A3 (en) * | 1994-09-06 | 1999-10-13 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Intra-line fishing rod |
| US6505430B1 (en) | 1994-09-06 | 2003-01-14 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Intra-line fishing rod |
| EP0826481A2 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1998-03-04 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Pipe-shaped body |
| EP0826481A3 (en) * | 1996-08-27 | 1999-06-02 | Daiwa Seiko Inc. | Pipe-shaped body |
| US6601334B1 (en) * | 1996-11-30 | 2003-08-05 | Daiwa Seiko, Inc. | Fishing rod |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |