GB2104357A - Conductive silicone rubber heater - Google Patents
Conductive silicone rubber heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2104357A GB2104357A GB08125690A GB8125690A GB2104357A GB 2104357 A GB2104357 A GB 2104357A GB 08125690 A GB08125690 A GB 08125690A GB 8125690 A GB8125690 A GB 8125690A GB 2104357 A GB2104357 A GB 2104357A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- conductive
- conductive elastomer
- silicone rubber
- heating element
- electrodes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/005—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple resistive elements or resistive zones isolated from each other
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/011—Heaters using laterally extending conductive material as connecting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids
Landscapes
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Abstract
A conductive elastomer heating element is produced by applying an insulating adhesive 15 on an insulating substrate 11; placing a pair of electrodes 13, 14 thereon; applying conductive silicone rubber 12, applying a further layer of said insulating adhesive 15 thereto to provide more effective bonding between the conductive silicone rubber 12 and electrodes 13, 14; heating said formed laminate of substrate and conductive silicone rubber for curing; and heat sealing to furnish a tight bonding therebetween. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Conductive silicone rubber heater
This invention relates to an electric heater, particularly, to a conductive silicone rubber electric heater in which silicone rubber is placed between electrodes and generate heat by its electric loss.
Conductive silicone rubber is a new product and has now been employed as an electric contact of key switch in electronic articles like calculator. Nippon Graphite and Toshiba are among those companies manufacturing the
Conductive silicone rubber. Although it has now been put into use, in practice, it is found that silicone rubber has poor adhesion to the abutted metal so that it may become apart therefrom, causing poor conduction. In addition to poor adhesive property of conductive silicone rubber, the compressive strength thereof is also low, and therefore, its application in electrical field is very limited.
This invention has developed a new structure in which the conductive silicone rubber is reinforced as well as provided with an excellent bonding to metal conductor, and this structure can be used as a heating element, like metal resistor, for the application in home appliances and industrial heating system, including electric coverlet, portabie D.C. Warmer, car heating pad, building anti-humidification and heating unit, industrial heating unit for anti-icing and condensing of fluids etc.
An object of this invention is to introduce conductive silicone rubber to be used as a heating element which can furnish heat even at low voltage and low current at which the metal resistor can not work efficiently.
Another object of this invention is to provide a heating element with a structure in which the conductive silicone rubber is reinforced and effectively bonded to metal conductor so that it will not easily separate when subjected to frequent bending and the performane of its conduction can be improved.
Further object of the invention is to provide a silicone rubber heater, the resistance of which can be varied easily to suit for a wide range of operating voltage (AC/DC 6V to 400V) or current (0.05A to 1 0A).
These and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments with reference to accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1A is a perspective view of a conductive silicone rubber heater constructed according to the invention;
Figure 1B is a sectional view of a conductive silicone rubber heater constructed according to the invention;
Figure 2 is a cross section of a conduit covered with a conductive silicone rubber heater of the invention and insulating materials for anti-icing and condensing of fluids; and
Figure 3 is a perspective view of an electric coverlet with a conductive silicone rubber heater applied thereto.
As shown in Figs. 1A and 1B a conductive silicone rubber heater according to this invention comprises a flexible electrical insulating substrate 11; a high temperature resisting adhesive 1 5 applied thereto; and a layer of conductive rubber 1 2 in which electrodes 1 3 and 14 are partly embedded and a further adhesive applied surface thereon.
The materials for this construction are selectively used. The substrate 11 can be asbestos fiber, cotton canvas, teflon film, etc., the preferable adhesives are PVAC and silicone based adhesives, and the electrode is prefera bly made of metal thin foil, e.g. Aluminium foil strip. The conductive rubber in this embodiment is a conductive silicone rubber manufactured by Nippon Graphite or Toshiba. It is formulated with other ingredients such as, diluent and hardener. The formulating ratio in weight is preferably to be (Conductive silicone rubber)1: (Diluent) 0.5: (Hardener) 0.01.
To construct such conductive rubber heater, the substrate 11 is first applied with a layer of adhesive 1 5 selected from the above-mentioned adhesives, and then one or more pairs of Aluminium foil electrodes 13, 14 are spacedly fixed on the substrate 11 by adhesive bonding. Formulated conductive silicone rubber 1 2 emulsion is applied to that surface by brushing or spraying leaving part of each electrode in exposure.The exposed surfaces of electrodes and conductive rubber layer are then applied with further layers of said adhesive 1 5 to provide more adhesive bonding between the electrodes 13, 14 and conductive silicone rubber 1 2. The curing is done by heating up to 1 20 C for 30 minutes, and it is followed by heat sealing to furnish an excellent bonding therebetween.
Preferably, the arrangement of Aluminium foils are in parallel and the positively charged and negatively charged foils are disposed in alternate position. The identically charged foils are joined together to a terminal of the supplied voltage source when using. The total resitance of the electrodes and conductive silicone rubber can be determined by the thickness of the rubber layer, the distance between the electrodes and the content of the diluent in formulation as well as the method of applying silicone rubber layer. The increase in thickness of silicone rubber layer and the smaller distance of the electrodes will result in decreasing of the resistance and the smaller content of the diluent will result in reduction of the resistance. The general resistance (ohm) of the heater of this invention adaptable for practical use are 10 to 1000 ohms.
Therefore the heater according to this invention is suitable for a wide range of operating voltage and current, direct or alternating cur
rent, even very low voltage and low current.
For example, when an electric source of 1 2 volts, 1A is applied to the silicone rubber heater with 1.5 cm wide and 43 cm long aluminium foil spaced in a distanse of 5cm, as shown in Fig. 1A the heater can furnish
heat to attain 71 C in temperature. When the applied voltage of 1 2V and current of 100 mA are applied to the heater with 1.5cm wide and 43cm long aluminium foils spaced in a distance of 1 2cm., the heater can generate heat to attain a temperature of 37"C.
The silicone rubber heater can be easily installed in any heating unit. Fig. 2 shows a heating unit, employing the silicone rubber heater 33, is placed, with the heating surface facing inside, around a conduit 31 insulated with a layer of insulating plaster 32, for antiicing and condensing of the fluids flowing in the conduit. Layers 34 8 35 are heat insulation and water-proof. Fig. 3 is an electric coverlet in which the heater 42 of this invention placed between two layers of woollen blanket 41 and 43 both electrically insulated inside thereof. In this way the silicone rubber heater can be embedded in any heating unit for heating purpose.
With the invention thus explained, it is obvious that modification and variations thereof can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is intended that the scope thereof being defined by the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element comprising the steps of, applying an insulating adhesive to an insulating substrate; placing a pair of electrodes thereon; applying a conductive rubber compound to said adhesive-applied substrate with part of said electrodes embedded; and applying a further layer of said adhesive thereto to provide more effective bonding between the conductive elastomer and electrodes.
2. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element as claimed in Claim 1, further comprising a step of heating for curing.
3. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, further comprising a step of heat sealing to furnish a tight bonding between the conductive elastomer and electrodes.
4. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element as claimed in Claim 3, wherein said adhesive is a high temperature-resisting material.
5. A method as claimed in Claim 4, wherein said adhesive is selected from the group containing silicone resin based adhesives and polyvinyl acetate adhesive.
6. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element as claimed in Claim 1, 2, 4 or 5 wherein said substrate is flexible.
7. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element as claimed in Claim 6, wherein said electrodes are metal foils.
8. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element as claimed in Claim 7, wherein said conductive rubber compound is a conductive silicone rubber emulsion.
9. A method of producing a conductive elastomer heating element as claimed in Claim 8 wherein said conductive silicone rubber emulsion comprises conductive silicone rubber, a diluent and hardener.
1 0. A conductive elastomer heating element comprising, a substrate; a first insulating adhesive layer for laminating, a layer of conductive elastomer applied to said first adhesive applied substrate; a pair of electrodes embedded partly in said layer of conductive elastomer; and a second layer of adhesive applied to the surfaces of said conductive elastomer and electrodes to provide excellent bonding between them.
11. A conductive elastomer heating element substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 2. An electric heater comprising electrically conductive silicone rubber having a pair of spaced electrodes embedded therein.
1 3. A method of making an electric heater as defined in claim 1 2 comprising the step of adhesively bonding said electrodes to said silicone rubber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08125690A GB2104357A (en) | 1981-08-22 | 1981-08-22 | Conductive silicone rubber heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08125690A GB2104357A (en) | 1981-08-22 | 1981-08-22 | Conductive silicone rubber heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2104357A true GB2104357A (en) | 1983-03-02 |
Family
ID=10524121
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB08125690A Withdrawn GB2104357A (en) | 1981-08-22 | 1981-08-22 | Conductive silicone rubber heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2104357A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1986003362A1 (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-06-05 | Flexwatt Corporation | Electrically heated pipe assembly |
| EP0773704A3 (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1997-12-03 | Electro Plastics Inc. | Flexible heating element |
-
1981
- 1981-08-22 GB GB08125690A patent/GB2104357A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1986003362A1 (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1986-06-05 | Flexwatt Corporation | Electrically heated pipe assembly |
| GB2181628A (en) * | 1984-11-26 | 1987-04-23 | Flexwatt Corp | Electrically heated pipe assembly |
| EP0773704A3 (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 1997-12-03 | Electro Plastics Inc. | Flexible heating element |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |
Free format text: FOR 2104347 READ 2104357 IN JOURNAL 4946 PAGE 4057 |