GB2187305A - An optical fibre in undulating tube having line of weakness - Google Patents
An optical fibre in undulating tube having line of weakness Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2187305A GB2187305A GB08704674A GB8704674A GB2187305A GB 2187305 A GB2187305 A GB 2187305A GB 08704674 A GB08704674 A GB 08704674A GB 8704674 A GB8704674 A GB 8704674A GB 2187305 A GB2187305 A GB 2187305A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- optical fibre
- flexible tube
- fibre element
- weakness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
- G02B6/4431—Protective covering with provision in the protective covering, e.g. weak line, for gaining access to one or more fibres, e.g. for branching or tapping
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4403—Optical cables with ribbon structure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4407—Optical cables with internal fluted support member
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
In a resiliently set undulating tube 7 of an optical fibre element 8 in which at least one optical fibre 4 is loosely housed, the undulating tube has in its outer surface and extending throughout its length at least one continuous or discontinuous line of weakness 3 along which the tube can be readily opened to provide access to the or any optical fibre within the tube. Preferably, the tube 7 has two continuous or discontinuous lines of weakness 3 at diametrically opposed positions in the outer surface of the tube along which the tube can be separated into two parts. The or each line of weakness 3 preferably comprises a groove in the outer surface of the tube along which the tube can be torn. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
An improved optical fibre element
This invention relates to optical fibre elements for the transmission of the ultra-violet, visible and infra-red regions of the electro-magnetic spectrum, which regions, for convenience, will hereinafter all be included in the generic term "light" and especially, but not exclusively, to optical fibre elements for use in the communications field adapted for transmission of light, having a wavelength within the range 0.8-2.1 micrometres.
The invention is particularly concerned with an optical fibre element of the kind comprising a flexible tube of plastics or other material having a bore in which at least one optical fibre is so loosely housed that, when the tube is bent or otherwise flexed, the or each optical fibre is free to move to a limited extent with respect to the tube.
In our co-pending British Patent Application
No. 8506468, there is described and claimed an improved optical fibre element which is suitable for use in an optical cable or other application where there is a risk that the or any optical fibre will be subjected to a longitudinally applied tensile force and which comprises a flexible tube having a bore in which at least one optical fibre is loosely housed, wherein the tube is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a longitudinally extending path which, between any two longitudinally spaced positions, is greater in length than the rectilinear distance between said two positions, the arrangement being such that, when the resiliently set tube is subjected to a longitudinally applied tensile force, the tube will tend to straighten in a lengthwise direction against the action of its resilient set, thereby to reduce the tensile force applied to the or each optical fibre and, when the tensile force is removed, the tube will return under the action of its resilient set towards its original form.
An improved optical fibre element according to our aforesaid co-pending British Patent application will, for convenience, hereinafter be referred to as "a resiliently set optical fibre element of the kind described"
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved resiliently set optical fibre element of the kind described from which the or any optical fibre can be readily withdrawn.
According to the invention, in a resiliently set optical fibre element of the kind described, the flexible tube has in its outer surface and extending throughout its length at least one continuous or discontinuous line of weakness along which the flexible tube can be readily opened to provide access to the or any optical fibre within the tube.
Preferably, the flexible tube of the resiliently set optical fibre element has two continuous or discontinuous lines of weakness at diametrically opposed positions in the outer surface of the flexible tube along which the flexible tube can be separated into two parts.
The or each continuous or discontinuous line of weakness in the outer surface of the flexible tube preferably comprises a longitudinally extending continuous or discontinuous groove in the outer surface of the flexible tube along which the tube can be torn.
The flexible tube preferably is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a path of smoothly curved undulations, the axes of curvature of the undulations preferably lying parallel to one another and substantially normal to the longitudinal axis of the tube. By virtue of the smoothly curved undulations, when the resiliently set tube is subjected to a longitudinally applied tensile force, the tube will tend to straighten against the action of its resilient set; that is to say, the length of the radii of the smoothly curved undulations will gradually increase.Alternatively, the flexible tube may be resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a substantially helical path, the lay of the helically extending path preferably lying in the range 5 to 15" to the central rectilinear axis of the helically extending tube.
The or each optical fibre loosely housed in the resiliently set flexible tube may be unsupported but, in some circumstances, and especially when the tube follows a path of smoothly curved undulations, preferably two or more optical fibres of the optical fibre element are component parts of at least one optical fibre ribbon structure loosely housed in the bore of the tube. In this case, the optical fibres, and if desired one or more than one flexible elongate reinforcing element, of an optical fibre ribbon structure, preferably are arranged side by side and are wholly or partially embedded in a flexible elongate body of plastics material or are arranged side by side and are secured to one major surface of a flexible tape.
The flexible tube may be of circular or noncircular cross-section and, in each case, preferably the radial thickness of the tube wall is substantially constant at all transverse crosssections of the tube.
Where the flexible tube is of non-circular cross-section, preferably it has a transverse cross section of elongate form, eg. of an elongate form having two major parallel sides joined by ends of approximately semicircular shape, and in this case, preferably the flexible tube is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a path of smoothly curved undulations whose axes of curvature lie substantially parallel to the major transverse axes of the flexible tube.
In this case, also, two continuous or discontinuous lines of weakness preferably are at diametrically opposed positions in the outer surfaces of the two major parallel sides of the flexible tube but, in some circumstances, the flexible tube may have two continuous or discontinuous lines of weakness transversely spaced in the outer surface of one major parallel side of the tube, the transversely spaced lines of weakness effectively bounding a strip which is tearable from the wall of the flexible tube to form an elongate opening therein.
Where a flexible tube having a transverse cross-section of elongate form has loosely housed in the tube an optical fibre ribbon structure, preferably the transversely spaced lines of weakness bound a strip which has a width substantially equal to or greater than the width of the optical fibre ribbon structure.
The flexible tube is preferably of a plastics material or plastics materials which can be readily resiliently set to follow a path of the required form but it is to be understood that, in some circumstances, the tube may be of resilient metal or metal alloy. Especially suitable plastics materials of which the tube may be made and which can be readily resiliently set include orientated polyethylene terephthalate sold under the tradename "Arnite" and, when during service the optical fibre element is likely to be subjected for a short period to a temperature exceeding 300"C, polyethersulphone sold under the tradename "Victrex (RTM) PEB" or polyetherimide sold under the tradename "Ultem".
Alternatively, the flexible tube may be of a plastics material or plastics materials which cannot be readily resiliently set and may have embedded in the tube wall at mutually spaced positions a plurality of resilient elongate reinforcing elements, each of a material that can be so resiliently set as to cause the tube to follow a path of the required form.
In all cases, the resiliently set tube may be substantially filled throughout its length with a waterimpermeable medium of a grease-like nature which is of such a consistency that the or each optical fibre or the or each optical fibre ribbon structure is free to move relative to the tube when the tube is bent or otherwise flexed. The greasy water-impermeable medium may consist of, or may comprise as a major constituent, a silicone gel.
The improved resiliently set optical fibre element of the present invention may include any one or more than one of the optional features of the resiliently set optical fibre element described and claimed in the specification of our aforesaid co-pending British Patent Application.
The invention is further illustrated by a description, by way of example, of three preferred forms of resiliently set optical fibre element with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figures 1 and 2, respectively, are an isometric diagrammatic view and a transverse cross-sectional view, drawn on enlarged scales, of the first preferred optical fibre element;
Figures 3 and 4, respectively, are an isometric diagrammatic view and a transverse cross-sectional view, drawn on enlarged scales, of the second preferred form of optical fibre element, and
Figures 5 and 6, respectively, are an isometric diagrammatic view and a transverse cross-sectional view, drawn on enlarged scales of the third preferred form of optical fibre element.
Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the first preferred form of optical fibre element 1 comprises four optical fibres 4 each of which has an overall diameter of 250,um and which are loosely housed in a flexible tube 7 of orientated polyethylene teraphthalate, which tube is of substantially constant circular cross-section throughout its length and has a radial wall thickness of 0.4mm and internal diameter of
1.8mm. Each of the optical fibres 4 may have a coating of a colour different from that of a coating on each of the other optical fibres. At diametrically opposed positions in the outer surface of the flexible tube 7, two longitudinally continuous grooves 3 constituting lines of weakness are provided along which the flexible tube can be separated into two parts to provide access to any one of the optical fibres 4.The flexible tube 7 is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube, and hence the tube, follows a path of smoothly curved undulations 8 which have radii of curvature of approximately 60mm and whose axes of curvature lie parallel to one another and substantially normal to the longitudinal axis of the tube.
The second preferred form of optical fibre element 11 shown in Figures 3 and 4 comprises an optical fibre ribbon structure 12 comprising ten optical fibres 14 arranged side by side and embedded in an elongate body 16 of silicone acrylate. Each of the optical fibres 14 has an overall diameter of 250m.
Each of the optical fibres 14 may have a coating of a colour different from that of a coating on each of the other optical fibres. The optical fibre ribbon structure 12 is loosely housed in the bore of a flexible tube 1 7 which is made of orientated polyethylene teraphthalate and which has a transverse cross-section of an elongate form having two major parallel sides joined by ends of approximately semi-circular shape. The flexible tube 17 has a substantially constant wall thickness of 0.3mm, an internal major transverse dimension of 2.5mm and an internal minor transverse dimension of 1.0mum; the optical fibre ribbon structure 12 has a major transverse dimension of 2.3mm and minor transverse dimension of 0.3mm. At diametrically opposed positions in the outer surfaces of the two major parallel sides of the flexible tube 17, two longitudinally continuous grooves 13 constituting lines of weakness are provided along which the flexible tube can be separated into two parts to provide access to the optical fibre ribbon structure 12. The flexible tube 17 is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube, and hence the tube, follows a path of smoothly curved undulations 18 which have radii of curvature of approximately 60mm and whose axes of curvature lie substantially parallel to the major transverse axes of the flexible tube.
Referring to Figures 5 and 6, the third preferred form of optical fibre element 21 comprises an elongate body 27 which is made of a thermoplastics material and which has a transverse cross-section of elongate form having two major parallel sides joined by ends of approximately semi-circular shape. The elongate body 27 has a major transverse dimension of 6.0mm and a minor transverse dimension of 2.0mm. Extending throughout the length of the elongate body 27 is a bore 29 which has a transverse cross-section of similar shape to that of the body and, embedded in the body on opposite sides of the bore 29, are a pair of resilient copper wires 25.
Loosely housed in the bore 29 are two separate optical fibre ribbon structures 22 each comprising ten optical fibres 24 arranged side by side and embedded in an elongate body 26 of silicone acryiate, each of which optical fibres has an overall diameter of 2501tom. In the outer surface of one major side wall of the flexible tube 27 are a pair of transversely spaced longitudinally continuous grooves 23 constituting lines of weakness effectively bounding a strip which is tearable from the wall of the flexible tube to form an elongate opening therein through which access to the optical fibre ribbon structures 22 is provided.
Each copper wire 25 is set in such a form that the central longitudinal oxis of the elongate body 27, and hence the body itswelf, follows a path of smoothly curved undulations 28 which have radii of curvature of approximately 60mm and whose axes of curvature lie parallel to one another and to the major transverse axes of the elongate body.
When the optical fibre elements 1, 11, 21 shown in Figures 1 to 6 are subjected to a tensile force, the flexible tube 7 and 17 and the elongate body 27 will tend to straighten in a lengthwise direction against the action of the resilient set in the tubes or in the copper wires 25 thereby reducing the tensile force that would otherwise be applied to the optical fibres 4 and optical fibre ribbon structures 12 and 22. After the tensile force is removed, the resilient set in the tubes 7 and 17 and the copper wires 25 will cause the optical fibre elements 1, 11, 21 to return towards their original undulating form.
Claims (16)
1. An optical fibre element comprising a flexible tube having a bore in which at least one optical fibre is loosely housed, which tube is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a longitudinally extending path which, between any two longitudinally spaced positions, is greater in length than the rectilinear distance between said two positions, the arrangement being such that, when the resiliently set tube is subjected to a longitudinally applied tensile force, the tube will tend to straighten in a lengthwise direction against the action of its resilient set, thereby to reduce the tensile force applied to the or each optical fibre and, when the tensile force is removed, the tube will return under the action of its resilient set towards its origi nal form, wherein the flexible tube has in its outer surface and extending throughout its length at least one continuous or discontinuous line of weakness along which the flexible tube can be readily opened to provide access to the or any optical fibre within the tube.
2. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 1, wherein the flexible tube has two continuous or discontinuous lines of weakness at diametrically opposed positions in the outer surface of the flexible tube along which the flexible tube can be separated into two parts.
3. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 1 or 2, wherein the flexible tube is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a path of smoothly curved undulations, the axes of curvature of the undulations lying parallel to one another and substantially normal to the longitudinal axis of the tube.
4. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 1, wherein the flexible tube is of noncircular cross-section.
5. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 4, wherein the flexible tube has a transverse cross-section of an elongate form having two major parallel sides and is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a path of smoothly curved undulations whose axes of curvature lie substantially parallel to the major transverse axes of the flexible tube.
6. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 5, wherein two continuous or discontinuous lines of weakness are at diametrically opposed positions in the outer surfaces of the two major parallel sides of the flexible tube.
7. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 5, wherein two continuous or discontinuous lines of weakness are transversely spaced in the outer surface of one major parallel side of the tube, the transversely spaced lines of weakness effectively bounding a strip which is tearable from the wall of the flexible tube to form an elongate opening therein.
8. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 1 or 2, wherein the flexible tube is resiliently set in such a form that the central longitudinal axis of the tube follows a substan tially helical path.
9. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 8, wherein the lay of the helically extending path lies in the range 5 to 15 to the central rectilinear axis of the helically extending tube.
10. An optical fibre element as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the or each continuous or discontinuous line of weakness in the outer surface of the flexible tube comprises a longitudinally extending continuous or discontinuous groove in the outer surface of the tube along which the tube can be torn.
11. An optical fibre element as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein two or more optical fibres of the optical fibre element are component parts of at least one optical fibre ribbon structure loosely housed in the bore of the tube.
12. An optical fibre element as claimed in
Claim 11, wherein the optical fibres of the or each optical fibre ribbon structure are arranged side by side and are wholly or partially embedded in a flexible elongate body of plastics material or are arranged side by side and are secured to one major surface of a flexible tape.
13. An optical fibre element as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the flexible tube is made of a plastics material or plastics materials which can be readily resiliently set to follow a path of the required form.
14. An optical fibre element as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 12, wherein the flexible tube is made of a plastics material or plastics materials which cannot be readily resiliently set and has embedded in the tube wall at mutually spaced positions a plurality of resilient elongate reinforcing elements, each of a material that can be so resiiiently set as to cause the tube to follow a path of the required form.
15. An optical fibre element as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the resiliently set tube is substantially filied throughout its length with a water-impermeable medium of a grease-like nature which is of such a consistency that the or each optical fibre or the or each optical fibre ribbon structure is free to move relative to the tube when the tube is bent or otherwise flexed.
16. An optical fibre element substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in Figures 1 and 2, 3 and 4 or 5 and 6 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868605018A GB8605018D0 (en) | 1986-02-28 | 1986-02-28 | Optical fibre element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB8704674D0 GB8704674D0 (en) | 1987-04-01 |
| GB2187305A true GB2187305A (en) | 1987-09-03 |
Family
ID=10593862
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868605018A Pending GB8605018D0 (en) | 1986-02-28 | 1986-02-28 | Optical fibre element |
| GB08704674A Withdrawn GB2187305A (en) | 1986-02-28 | 1987-02-27 | An optical fibre in undulating tube having line of weakness |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB868605018A Pending GB8605018D0 (en) | 1986-02-28 | 1986-02-28 | Optical fibre element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (2) | GB8605018D0 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2232501A (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-12-12 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable core for submarine use |
| US5067830A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1991-11-26 | Siecor Corporation | Indented tube for optical ribbon |
| EP0509537A2 (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1992-10-21 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Security system |
| GB2331374A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-05-19 | Northern Telecom Ltd | A Removably Coated Optical Fibre |
| WO2005096053A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Ccs Technology, Inc. | Mechanically separable cable |
| WO2009154706A1 (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Fiber optic cable having armor with easy access features |
| WO2013082204A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-06 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Cable pulling grip having toolless removal |
| GB2527580A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | British Telecomm | Installation of cable connections |
| US10892822B2 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2021-01-12 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Optical fiber event location |
| US11274990B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2022-03-15 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Optical fiber |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1448793A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-09-08 | Post Office | Optical cables |
| EP0020036A1 (en) * | 1979-05-22 | 1980-12-10 | The Post Office | Improved communications cable |
| GB2123978A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1984-02-08 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable |
| GB2156094A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1985-10-02 | Bicc Plc | Optical fibre element comprising resiliently set flexible tube |
| GB2158963A (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-11-20 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Manufacture of optical fibre cable |
| GB2161614A (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1986-01-15 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cables |
-
1986
- 1986-02-28 GB GB868605018A patent/GB8605018D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-02-27 GB GB08704674A patent/GB2187305A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1448793A (en) * | 1974-05-31 | 1976-09-08 | Post Office | Optical cables |
| EP0020036A1 (en) * | 1979-05-22 | 1980-12-10 | The Post Office | Improved communications cable |
| GB2123978A (en) * | 1982-07-12 | 1984-02-08 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable |
| GB2156094A (en) * | 1984-03-14 | 1985-10-02 | Bicc Plc | Optical fibre element comprising resiliently set flexible tube |
| GB2158963A (en) * | 1984-05-14 | 1985-11-20 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Manufacture of optical fibre cable |
| GB2161614A (en) * | 1984-06-19 | 1986-01-15 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cables |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2232501A (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1990-12-12 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable core for submarine use |
| US5002358A (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1991-03-26 | Telephone Cables Limited | Optical fibre cable core for submarine use |
| GB2232501B (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1993-09-29 | Telephone Cables Ltd | Optical fibre cable core for submarine use |
| US5067830A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1991-11-26 | Siecor Corporation | Indented tube for optical ribbon |
| EP0509537A2 (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1992-10-21 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Security system |
| US5416467A (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1995-05-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Security system utilizing loosely contained optical fiber |
| EP0509537B1 (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1997-08-27 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Security system comprising a security fence |
| GB2331374A (en) * | 1997-11-18 | 1999-05-19 | Northern Telecom Ltd | A Removably Coated Optical Fibre |
| WO2005096053A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Ccs Technology, Inc. | Mechanically separable cable |
| WO2009154706A1 (en) * | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-23 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Fiber optic cable having armor with easy access features |
| WO2013082204A1 (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-06 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Cable pulling grip having toolless removal |
| US9110268B2 (en) | 2011-11-30 | 2015-08-18 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Cable pulling grip having toolless removal |
| GB2527580A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2015-12-30 | British Telecomm | Installation of cable connections |
| US9748021B2 (en) | 2014-06-26 | 2017-08-29 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Cable connections |
| GB2527580B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2021-07-21 | British Telecomm | Installation of cable connections |
| US10892822B2 (en) | 2017-02-01 | 2021-01-12 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Optical fiber event location |
| US11274990B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2022-03-15 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Optical fiber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8704674D0 (en) | 1987-04-01 |
| GB8605018D0 (en) | 1986-04-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |