GB2029741A - Feed Head for Continuous Casting - Google Patents
Feed Head for Continuous Casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2029741A GB2029741A GB7928149A GB7928149A GB2029741A GB 2029741 A GB2029741 A GB 2029741A GB 7928149 A GB7928149 A GB 7928149A GB 7928149 A GB7928149 A GB 7928149A GB 2029741 A GB2029741 A GB 2029741A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- ingot mould
- feed head
- discharger
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000655 Killed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
The feed head comprises an upstream open-topped chamber (104) which can be fed with molten metal through a discharger (2) from a tundish-type device (1), also with measured quantities of aluminium (13), and a downstream open-topped chamber (108) having an outlet passage (109) in the bottom thereof for feeding a continuous casting ingot mould (110) situated below it, wherein the upstream and downstream chambers communicate by means of a horizontal passage (107). An automatic inert gas pressure system may be used to regulate molten metal delivery to the mould (110) from the downstream chamber (108). The feed head is oscillated with the mould. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Feed Head for Casting Mould
The present invention relates to a feed head for continuous casting particularly suitable for the casting of high quality aluminium killed steels and other cast metals.
The continuous casting of aluminium or titanium killed steels has always caused problems for the following reasons:
(A) Reduction in effective size of the discharge in the device distributing the steel to the various lines of casting due to the deposit of alumina on the discharger mouth. As a result, large dischargers and adjustment and closing spills have to be used which, besides entailing higher costs, cause operative difficulties and the need of the continuous presence of technicians. That leads to the choice of a calibrated discharger and the addition to the ingot mould of aluminium in form of wire.The latter technique, though removing the problem of the reduction in effective size of said discharges as through them only silicon or very low aluminium (max 0.007%) killed steel is cast which is insufficient in metallurgical properties (complete dissipation, control of the austenitic grain, reduction in the formation of blowns), makes the superficial and sub-superficial quality of the semi-products unacceptable for subsequent uses as so called carbon and special steels; for the following reasons:
(a) the aluminium wire added in the ingot mould has not sufficient time to diffuse within the steel owing to the quick setting thereof; this causes the formation of superficial or sub-superficial zones rich in aluminium which give rise to defects in the subsequent rolling; further, the lack of homogeneity leads to a non-uniform and larger than the required austenitic grain.
(b) the inclusions of alumina and silicoaluminates resulting from the reaction of aluminium with the oxygen of the air and the one still combined in the steel have insufficient time to separate, as the high kinetic energy of the steel cast leads them deep and makes difficult their separation, therefore they remain imprisoned as slag locks both on the surface and under the surface; this causes further unacceptable defects in the roiled product and further makes inefficient the possible treatment of the cast semi-product.
(c) The addition of aluminium and the casting speed being constant, the yield in metal aluminium changes with the steel oxidation degree; that makes the production of steel analytically non-homogeneous between different castings.
(B) In order to reduce steel oxidation during casting various methods have been patented, like the submerged dischargers with addition of powders on the free pole of the steel in the ingot mould, and the protection of the jet by inert gases, liquid nitrogen and the like. Undoubtedly all said arrangements leads to improved results but, besides increasing the cost, they worsen the working conditions of the workers and cause serious operative problems. Particularly in the case of the submerged dischargers, this technique still makes difficult the addition of aluminium wire, again requires the use of spills in the tundish and may be used only in moulds for products having a thickness of over 140 mm.This technique further requires particular care from the technicians in order to keep the steel level always above the discharger outlet, as otherwise there would occur slag and power locks in a steel under setting, with consequent breakage in the casting lines.
(C) Independently of the type of killed steel and of the use or not of submerged dischargers or other kinds of protection from oxidation, it is known that the high kinetic energy steel coming from the distributing device must be centered exactly with respect to the ingot mould in order to avoid setting defects or breakages of the casting line. Particularly in multi-line machines, this is difficult to attain owing to the thermal deformations to which the tundish is subject.
Further, it is known that high kinetic energy casts penetrating deep into the mould bath makes difficult the floating and separation of nonmetallic inclusions.
The ideal conditions for the continuous casting of high quality aluminium killed steels, and of steels in general are: 1) the steel should reach the ingot mould as highly deoxidized as possible, with a homogeneous chemical composition, particularly as far as the aluminium content is concerned, and with the lowest slag content possible. Therefore, the aluminium should be added so that it has enough time to mix homogeneously with the steel and so that the deoxidation products have enough time to separate out to a substantial degree.
2) the kinetic energy of the steel cast in the ingot mould should be as small as possible to facilitate the separation of residual non-metallic inclusions, and make less critical the cast centering.
3) The steel cast in the ingot mould should be protected against oxidation, so as to avoid the formation of inclusions, oxidation of the metailic aluminium, and the formation of pin-holes in the surface.
4) in order to prevent pin-holes from forming, the ideal condition is that of solidification under pressure, e.g. pressure of an inert gas, or ferrostatic pressure.
5) To reduce to the minimum the consequences of ingot mould oscillations, the ideal condition is that of solidification under pressure, e.g. inert gas pressure, or preferably solidification under a head of liquid steel.
These five conditions are met in the casting method of the present invention.
The main feature of the invention is to arrange between the tundish and ingot mould a feed head connected rigidly with said ingot mould and oscillating therewith.
According to the invention we provide a feed head for continuous casting ingot moulds for high quality silicon or aluminium killed steels and other cast metals, comprising an upstream opentopped chamber which can be fed with molten metal through a discharger from a tundish-type device, also with measured quantities of aluminium, and a downstream open-topped chamber having an outlet passage in the bottom thereof for feeding a continuous casting ingot mould situated below it, wherein the upstream and downstream chambers communicate by means of a horizontal passage.
In the accompanying drawings:
Figure 1 is a vertical section of a first device embodying the invention;
Figure 2 is a top view of the feed head shown in Fig 1;
Figures 3 and 4 are a section and a top view respectively corresponding to those shown in the preceding Figures, but showing a second embodiment of the invention;
Figure 5 is a diagram of the relationship between the pressure in the ingot mould and the diameter of the discharger of said feed head according to an embodiment shown in the specification; said Figure shows accordingly in ordinates, parallel to the values ofpressure in the ingot mould, the steel level in said mould and the proportional values of an electric signal through which said level is made available for the adjustment.
With particular reference to Figs. 1 and 2 showing the first embodiment by way of example, silicon killed steel is cast from a tundish (1) into an upstream chamber or basin (4) of a feed head through a discharger (2) having a calibrated diameter according to the desired casting speed, and a submerged pipe (3) avoiding contact thereof with air. To said basin (4) is added when necessary aluminium wire through a pipe (5) by a known feeding system (not shown).
In the basin (4) is obtained complete dissolution of the aluminium and its homogenization with the steel, owing to the good turbulence present therein generated by the jet from the pipe (3) and to the neariy nill reduction in temperature to which the steel is subject.
At the same time the deoxidation products coming into contact with the slag covering (6) are absorbed therein. A first separation of non-metal inclusions is performed. The steel then passes through an overflow passage (7), to a downstream chamber or basin (8) of said feed head which is an extension of refractory material of the cooling mould (9). The free pole of steel in the basin (8) is protected against oxidation and kept hot by a covering of powder.
As a matter of fact, the steel in said basin (8) remains liquid, while the solidification starts when said steel comes into contact with the water cooled parts of the ingot mould, resulting in: -the complete removing of the negative influences of the electric energy of the kinetic energies of the steel cast and of its possible not exact centering; -the best hydrodynamic conditions to allow the non-metal inclusion to have the necessary time to separate at the surface;; -the start of solidification under the pressure of a liquid ferrostatic head preventing the formation of pin-holes, removing substantially the consequences of ingot mould oscillations, and delaying the removal of the soiidified skin from said ingot mould so increasing the cooling effect of the latter and thus the thickness of said skin at the ingot mould outlet.
The relationship between the ingot mould and the steel entering through the feed head from the tundish makes possible: casting with a submerged discharger, or better with steel protected against oxidation, of sections having an even very small thickness; -stirring of the steel within the ingot mould, enabling the feed from the basin (4) to the basin (8) to be tangential. This technique may be applied only when the superficial quality is of interest rather than the internal one. in this case no covering powder is added to the exposed top of said basin (8); -the positioning in said ingot mould of possible cores enabling the formation of tubular semiproducts; -the feeding with a single discharge of said tundish of one, two or more ingot moulds.
This embodiment requires: -a slight modification of the upper part of the upper part of the present ingot moulds in order to move the position of the sealing gasket (10) for the cooling water, which in its conventional position would come into contact with the steel, to remove the oil feeding system and fix the blocking ring of the copper pipe to the mould support with stainless steel or other suitable material resistant to high temperatures, which partially cooled by contact with water cooled portions, may contact the liquid steel without suffering damage, obtaining at the same time a gradual transition between the hot and the cold zone of the system;; -a ring (12) of refractory material (graphite, or silicon nitride, for example) allowing there to be obtained stable physical continuity between the ring (11) at an intermediate temperature, and the hot body of the feed head; -the arrangement on the feed head of a control for the steel level (e.g. a thermocouple or infrared sensor) for adjusting automatically the speed of removal of the semi-product; -as an alternative, adjustment of the steel level may be obtained by manual adjustment of the pinch-rolls, or other means which remove the ingots from the mould.
The second embodiment shown in Figs. 3 and 4 by way of example, does not require any changes in conventional ingot moulds or in the system for detecting the metal level in the ingot mould, and does not require any special refractory materials.
According to this embodiment, a discharger outflow is adjusted by use of counter pressure where the discharger discharges, the counterpressure and thus the discharger delivery being automatically adjusted by means of an electric signal from the level detecting system in the ingot mould.
This possibility of adjusting over a very wide range the delivery of a discharger, any possibly the ferrostatic head feeding it, allows the feed head to be provided with a discharger with a diameter much larger than the one necessary for the required casting speed, in such a way that its effective diameter may be reduced by aluminium, without its delivery rate decreasing.
With reference to Figs. 3 and 4, the silicon (or 0.007% aluminium) killed steel is fed from a ladle into the tundish (1) which is provided with a discharger (2) calibrated so as to give the delivery rate Qt necessary for the desired casting speed.
This delivery rate per minute will be:
wherein:
4=delivery rate of discharger tundish in
cm3/minute (1')
K=outflow constant
S,=cross-sectional area of the tundish
discharger in cm2 g=98 1 cm/sec2
t=60 seconds
H2=ferrostatic height in the tundish in cm.
Directly, or through the submerged pipe (3) avoiding any contact of the steel with the air, the molten steel is fed into basin 104 of the feed head, a gasket 112 providing the seal between the feed head and ingot mould. When necessary, the aluminium wire is introduced into basin 104 through pipe (5) by means of a known feed system (not shown). The complete dissolution of the aluminium and its homogenization with the steel as well as a first separation of non-metallic inclusions occur, as in the first embodiment, in basin 1 04.
The molten steel then passes, through an overflow 107, into basin 108 of the feed head where is made non-conducting and is protected from oxidation by means of a covering powder layer 106. A second separation of the nonmetallic inclusions occurs in basin 108. The latter basin is provided with a discharger 109 having a cross-section SM which is considerably larger than the cross-section St of the discharger (2) of the tundish.
The steel passes then, through discharger 109 into an ingot mould 110 where a pressure HL is generated owing to the displacement and heating of the already-present air as soon as the steel closes the head of the false bar. This air-part of which flows out through a valve in the adjustment system for the counter-pressure in the ingot mould, said valve at this stage being completely open---opposes the entry of steel into the ingot mould by partly obstructing the discharger 109, and that leads to the formation of a liquid head
HM in the feed head.
In the meantime the steel rises within the ingot mould and upon reaching the pre-determined minimum level controlled by a level adjusting device 111, the steel actuates the latter which in its turn adjusts said counter-pressure HL in the mould and triggers the removal of the cast bar by actuating the pinch-rolls.
At the moment when the condition HL < HM is attained, any gurgling through said discharger 109 stops and the automatic adjustment of the steel flow as a function of HL and HM is established.
From this moment on, the single condition necessary for avoiding said gurgling is that the pressure HL is always lower than the ferrostatic pressure HM. This is obtained automatically if this factor was considered when projecting the adjustment of said pressure HL as a function of the steel level within the ingot mould, and when projecting the whole system upstream of the ingot mould (i.e. feed head and tundish). In fact an increase in the steel level in the feed head must correspond to any increase in the steel level in the mould.
In fact, the rate of delivery of the discharger (9) will be:
where:
QM=delivery rate of the feed head discharger,
cm3/1' H,=ferrostatic height of the feed head, cm Hpressure in the ingot mould, in cm of steel
By equalizing the delivery Qt of the tundish discharger to the delivery QM, as it may be:
It is then clear that HM varies directly as HL.
Below are calculated by way of example the diameters of the tundish discharger and of the feed head discharger, as well as the maximum narrowing the latter may be subject to without varying its delivery, for an actual case of continuous casting.
A square bloom with a side of 140 mm is cast at a speed of 1.55 m/l under the following conditions:
Htm=minimum level height in the tundish=32
cm
Htm=maximum level height in the tundish=36
cm
Hmm=minimum level height in the feed
head=20 cm
HmR=average level height in the feed
head=25 cm
HLm=minimum pressure in the mould=0 cm
steel cast
HLM=maximum pressure in the mould < Hmml20 cm steel cast St(t)=tundish discharger section (diameter) SmM(rnM)=feed head discharger maximum
section (diameter) Smm(mm)=feed head discharger minimum
section (diameter)
Q=steel delivery in cm1' Sc=section to be cast in cm2=142 P=weight by meter of the bloom to be cast in g
Y=specific weight of the liquid steel=7 g/cm3
Y1=specific weight of the solid steel=7.6
g/cm3
V=desired casting speed=1.55 m/1 ' The steel weight per meter of the bloom to be cast is: P-Scx 1 00xY1=1 42x 1 00x7.60=1 48960 g
The volume of liquid steel to be cast per minute is:
PxV 148960x 1.55 Q=~~~=~~~~~~~= ----------------= 32.984 cm3/1' Y 7
During the projection, it is convenient to calculate the tundish discharge for the minimum level (tm) in the tundish, so as to be in position to take into account a possible narrowing of it.
Therefore:
(presuming from experimental data K=1 and t=60 seconds). Therefore:
from which is derived
t=167 cm, equal to about 17 mm.
The section (diameter) of the discharge with which the feed head is to be provided, that is SmM (mM), will be calculated for a maximum pressure in the ingot mould (HLM) equal or just lower than the minimum steel level in the feed head (Hmm), (that allows the above condition always to be obtained, where Hm > H1 so as to avoid any gurgling), while the average level in the feed head (HmR) will be considered:
therefore, as Q must be constant:
The minimum section (diameter) that the feed head discharger may have, i.e. Smm(mm), still keeping constant delivery Q, is calculated for the minimum steel level in the feed head (Hmm), which represents the most unfavourable condition, and for the minimum ingot mould pressure, i.e. zero. Therefore:
by showing with A(bm=((imMmm therefore Arn=26 5-18.8=7.7 mm
Thus, in the case considered, the feed head discharger diameter may be reduced by 7.7 mm, i.e. 29%, without any decrease in the delivery, reducing the pressure in the ingot mould from a maximum of 20 cm of steel (corresponding to 0.14 Kg/cm2) to zero.
The case under consideration is shown in Fig.
5, which indicates the relationship between the steel level in the ingot mould and the pressure
HL in said mould. Thus, when the feed head discharger has a diameter of 26.5 mm, the level in the ingot mould will be cm, the level detecting system will show about 2.2. Volts to which must correspond a pressure in the ingot mould of 13.720 KPa. Accordingly, when the feed head discharger is reduced to 1 9 mm, the level is the said ingot mould will be at about -11.5, the level detecting system will show about 6.1 Volts to which must correspond a pressure in said ingot mould of about 4.100 KPa. In this case the calibration between steel level and pressure in the ingot mould, which clearly has a purely linear relationship, was made considering a level varation within a 5 cm range.Obviously, this range may be widened or narrowed depending on the circumstances and the sensitivity which it is desired to confer on the system.
The self-adjustment of the pressure in the ingot mould as a function of the steel level in the ingot mould may be obtained in any suitable manner, e.g. through an electro pneumatic system. The gas to be used may be any inert gas, e.g. nitrogen.
Obviously, the pressure in the ingot mould may also be adjusted manually, and in this case the operator will actuate the discharge valve so that the level indicator will remain at the mid point of the variability range controlled by the system.
In both cases the speed of removal of the cast bar may be made constant or self-adjusting around a predetermined value, as a function of the steel level in the ingot mould, as at present.
However, it is preferable to establish a constant removal speed in the case of automatic pressure adjustment, while a self-adjusting removal speed is preferred in the case of manual pressure adjustment.
The apparatus shown in Figs. 3 and 4 allows there to be obtained: -a remarkable reduction in the undesired influences of the kinetic energy of the steel cast; -a perfect centering of the steel cast; -better hydrodynamic conditions for the dissolution and homogenization of aluminium with steel, and for the separation of surface inclusions, both in the feed head and in the ingot mould; -starting of setting under pressure which opposes the formation of pin-holes, reduces also the influence of ingot mould oscillations and delays the separation of the set skin of the ingot
mould, thus increasing the cooling effect of the
latter, which leads to the above advantages; -protection against oxidation of the steel layer in said ingot mould, through an inert atmosphere; ; -the ability to add small quantities of lubricating oil, which does not burn owing to the inert atmosphere; -the casting of aluminium steel through a large
diameter discharger independently of the section to be cast and the casting speed, thus solving the old problem of reduction in the diameter of the discharger narrowing; -the possibility of feeding, through a single tundish discharger, several ingot moulds.
Claims (8)
1. A feed head for continuous casting ingot moulds for high quality silicon or aluminium killed steels and other cast metals, comprising an upstream open-topped chamber which can be fed, with molten metal through a discharger from a tundish-type device, also with measured quantities of aluminium, and a downstream opentopped chamber having an outlet passage in the bottom thereof for feeding a continuous casting ingot mould situated below it, wherein the upstream and downstream chambers communicate by means of a horizontal passage.
2. A feed head as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the passage provided in the downstream chamber for feeding the molten steel to the ingot mould has a horizontal section substantiaily equal to or slightly smaller than the cross section of the ingot mould and of the downstream chamber, sealing means being provided between the bottom of the downstream chamber and the top of the ingot mould.
3. A feed head as claimed in Claim 1, wherein the passage in the bottom of the downstream chamber for feeding the molten steel to the ingot mould consists of a discharger having a diameter larger than is required for the desired casting speed, the rate of delivery of which is controlled by pressure of an inert gas in the space between the steel in the ingot mould and the bottom of the feed head, sealing means being provided between the bottom of the downstream chamber and the top of the ingot mould, further means being provided for feeding a pressure fluid, such as an inert gas, between the steel in the ingot mould and the bottom of the feed head, the pressure of the fluid being variable to enable the liquid level in the ingot mould to be kept constant independently of the rate of delivery of the downstream chamber.
4. A feed head as claimed in claim 3, allowing a continuously self-adjusted feeding of the liquid steel to the ingot mould so as to keep in the latter a steel level within a predetermined range independent of the outflow delivery of said discharger, the self-adjustment being obtained by varying the inert gas pressure using a known system for controlling the steel in the ingot mould.
5. A feed head as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the passage connecting the chambers is tangential to the downstream chamber.
6. A feed head as claimed in any of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the passage connecting the chambers is directed along the axis connecting the centres of the chambers.
7. A feed head as claimed in any preceding claim, comprising a means for adjusting the flow of a discharger which discharges into a close place, through counter-pressure means independent to the plant the system is applied on.
8. A feed head as claimed in Claim 1 and substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT12774/78A IT1104455B (en) | 1978-09-05 | 1978-09-05 | CONTINUOUS CASTING TANK MAT |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2029741A true GB2029741A (en) | 1980-03-26 |
| GB2029741B GB2029741B (en) | 1982-12-08 |
Family
ID=11143199
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7928149A Expired GB2029741B (en) | 1978-09-05 | 1979-08-13 | Feed head for continuous casting |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5545595A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE878564A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2935840A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES483425A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2435307A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2029741B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1104455B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU81629A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7906135A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2618704A3 (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-02-03 | Clecim Sa | Method and device for supplying an ingot mould for the continuous casting of thin products |
| GB2229384A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-26 | Inductotherm Corp | Molten metal holding and pouring box and pouring nozzle |
| GB2232622A (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1990-12-19 | Inco Alloys Int | Tundish for ingot pouring |
| EP1691943A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2006-08-23 | Novelis Inc. | Method and apparatus for starting and stopping a horizontal casting machine |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5232046A (en) * | 1990-01-22 | 1993-08-03 | Mesta International | Strand casting apparatus and method |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3052936A (en) * | 1956-10-01 | 1962-09-11 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of continuously casting metals |
| CH436362A (en) * | 1965-04-02 | 1967-05-31 | F Erdelyi Frank | Process for cleaning metal, in particular steel melts and for casting such melts and apparatus for carrying out the process |
| FR95190E (en) * | 1965-11-15 | 1970-07-31 | Est Aciers Fins | Installation for continuous casting of steel. |
| AT310215B (en) * | 1969-01-28 | 1973-09-25 | Voest Ag | Process for the production of killed, unalloyed or low-alloyed, Al-containing, steel with low carbon content |
| AU1221270A (en) * | 1969-03-14 | 1971-09-09 | Armco Steel Corporation | Process forthe production of oriented silicon iron by vacuum degassing and continuous casting |
| DE1920421A1 (en) * | 1969-04-22 | 1970-11-12 | Ural Zd Tjazelogo Masinostroje | Gas supply to the sealed upper ingot mould - chamber in continuous metal casting plant |
| BE755850A (en) * | 1969-09-09 | 1971-02-15 | Kloeckner Werke Ag | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUS CASTING OF ALUMINUM QUIET STEELS |
| DE2243200C3 (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1979-09-13 | Vereinigte Oesterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke - Alpine Montan Ag, Wien | Containers for molten metals |
| JPS5345288B2 (en) * | 1973-01-08 | 1978-12-05 | ||
| JPS4994523A (en) * | 1973-01-13 | 1974-09-07 | ||
| US3831659A (en) * | 1973-01-18 | 1974-08-27 | Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp | Method of dispensing low velocity liquid material for strip casting |
| JPS49111826A (en) * | 1973-02-27 | 1974-10-24 | ||
| JPS5027028A (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1975-03-20 | ||
| JPS5437085B2 (en) * | 1973-07-11 | 1979-11-13 | ||
| CH558223A (en) * | 1973-08-07 | 1975-01-31 | Fischer Ag Georg | PROCESS FOR SEPARATING SLAG AND OTHER CONTAMINATION FROM METAL MELT IN CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANTS AND CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANT FOR PERFORMING THE PROCESS. |
| JPS50137828A (en) * | 1974-04-17 | 1975-11-01 |
-
1978
- 1978-09-05 IT IT12774/78A patent/IT1104455B/en active
-
1979
- 1979-08-10 NL NL7906135A patent/NL7906135A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1979-08-13 GB GB7928149A patent/GB2029741B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-08-16 ES ES483425A patent/ES483425A1/en not_active Expired
- 1979-08-28 LU LU81629A patent/LU81629A1/en unknown
- 1979-09-03 BE BE0/196989A patent/BE878564A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-04 JP JP11250679A patent/JPS5545595A/en active Pending
- 1979-09-04 FR FR7922094A patent/FR2435307A1/en active Granted
- 1979-09-05 DE DE19792935840 patent/DE2935840A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2618704A3 (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-02-03 | Clecim Sa | Method and device for supplying an ingot mould for the continuous casting of thin products |
| GB2229384A (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1990-09-26 | Inductotherm Corp | Molten metal holding and pouring box and pouring nozzle |
| GB2232622A (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1990-12-19 | Inco Alloys Int | Tundish for ingot pouring |
| GB2232622B (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1993-05-19 | Inco Alloys Int | Tundish for ingot pouring |
| EP1691943A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2006-08-23 | Novelis Inc. | Method and apparatus for starting and stopping a horizontal casting machine |
| EP1691943A4 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2007-03-14 | Novelis Inc | Method and apparatus for starting and stopping a horizontal casting machine |
| EP2058064A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2009-05-13 | Novelis, Inc. | Apparatus for continuous casting of metal ingots |
| NO337973B1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2016-07-18 | Novelis Inc | Apparatus for continuous casting of metal blocks and method for stopping casting |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1104455B (en) | 1985-10-21 |
| JPS5545595A (en) | 1980-03-31 |
| ES483425A1 (en) | 1980-03-01 |
| NL7906135A (en) | 1980-03-07 |
| IT7812774A0 (en) | 1978-09-05 |
| LU81629A1 (en) | 1979-12-07 |
| GB2029741B (en) | 1982-12-08 |
| FR2435307A1 (en) | 1980-04-04 |
| FR2435307B1 (en) | 1984-03-02 |
| BE878564A (en) | 1979-12-31 |
| DE2935840A1 (en) | 1980-03-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |