GB2093852A - Polymeric materials - Google Patents
Polymeric materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2093852A GB2093852A GB8106120A GB8106120A GB2093852A GB 2093852 A GB2093852 A GB 2093852A GB 8106120 A GB8106120 A GB 8106120A GB 8106120 A GB8106120 A GB 8106120A GB 2093852 A GB2093852 A GB 2093852A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- molecular weight
- polyol
- polyoxyalkylene polyol
- high molecular
- diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 9
- -1 polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylbenzene;isocyanic acid Chemical class N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]-n,n-dimethylethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCOCCN(C)C GTEXIOINCJRBIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001279 adipic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylbenzylamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 XXBDWLFCJWSEKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002311 glutaric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O BDJRBEYXGGNYIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003330 sebacic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003442 suberic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003444 succinic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(ii) 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)C([O-])=O KSBAEPSJVUENNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000005628 tolylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5096—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/08—Processes
- C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4244—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups
- C08G18/4247—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids
- C08G18/4252—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain containing oxygen in the form of ether groups derived from polyols containing at least one ether group and polycarboxylic acids derived from polyols containing polyether groups and polycarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/4829—Polyethers containing at least three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0008—Foam properties flexible
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2110/00—Foam properties
- C08G2110/0041—Foam properties having specified density
- C08G2110/0058—≥50 and <150kg/m3
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
High molecular weight polyols are obtained by reacting a polyoxyalkylene polyol with a polyfunctional hydroxyl-reactive compound, typically a diisocyanate, in the molar ratio of from 4:3 to 4:1. The polyoxyalkylene polyol has a molecular weight greater than 5000 and up to 10,000 and contains propylene oxide and optionally ethylene oxide residues, the latter in amounts of from 0 to 40%. MDI-based high resilience foams formed therefrom exhibit a more latex-like feel and improved tensile properties.
Description
SPECIFICATION
Polymeric materials
This invention relates to novel polyether polyols and their use in the manufacture of polyurethane foams.
According to the invention, we provide high molecular weight polyether polyols which are obtained by reacting a polyoxyalkylene polyol with a polyfunctional, especially a difunctional, hydroxylreactive compound in the molar ratio of from 4:3 to 4:1, especially from 4:3 to 2:1,the polyoxyalkylene polyol having a molecular weight greater than 5000 and up to 10,000 and containing propylene oxide and optionally ethylene oxide residues, the latter in an amount of from 0 to 40%, preferably 10% to 25%, by weight of the total alkylene oxide residues present.
The polyoxyalkylene polyol may be a polyoxypropylene polyol or a poly(oxypropyleneoxyethylene)polyol or a mixture thereof. Such polyols and methods for their preparation have been fully described in the relevant literature, many of the polyols being commercially available. The poly(oxypropylene-oxyethylene)polyols include ethylene oxide-tipped polyoxypropylene polyols and other random or block copolymers obtained by reacting ethylene and propylene oxides with active hydrogen-containing initiators. Normally they will be triols having a nominal hydroxyl equivalent weight in the range of from 1700 to 3300 and hydroxyl numbers of from 34 to 17. Triols which we have found to be particularly useful are those, especially ethylene oxide tipped oxypropylated glycerols, having a nominal hydroxyl equivalent weight of about 2000 and a hydroxyl number of about 28.
The purpose of the polyfunctional hydroxyl-reactive compound is to join together molecules of the polyoxyalkylene polyol. It may have a functionality of two, three or four. Preferably it has a functionality of two. Thus in the preferred high molecular weight polyols one, two or three molecules of the compound join together two, three or four molecules, respectively of the polyoxyalkylene polyol according to the molar ratio in which they are reacted. The polyfunctional hydroxyl-reactive compound may be any such compound which will fulful this purpose. For example, it may be a polybasic acid or polyisocyanate which will join together molecules of the polyoxyalkylene polyol by way of ester or urethane linkages, respectively.Suitable polybasic acids include those aliphatic dicarboxylic acids used in the manufacture of polyester polyols, for example succinic, glutaric, adipic, suberic, azelaic and sebacic acids and mixtures thereof. Polyisocyanates which may be used include any of those commonly used in the manufacture of polyurethane products and, in particular, diisocyanates such as tolylene diioscyanates, especially technical mixtures of 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diioscyanates in the ratio of, for instance, 80:20 and 65 :35, and diphenylmethane diisocyanates as hereinafter described.
Other suitable polyfunctional hydroxyl-reactive compounds include acid chlorides and siloxanes containing at least two hydrogen atoms bonded directly to a silicon atom.
The preferred high molecular weight polyether polyols of the invention are believed to be polyether polyols having a molecular weight of from 10,000 to 40,000, preferably 12,000 to 18,000, and a formula: ynxY)x in which X is the residue of a difunctional hydroxyl-reactive organic compound, Y is Z [(C2H40)m(C3H60)n]y in which the alkylene oxide residues are ordered or randomly arranged and Z is the residue of an initiator having y active hydrogen atoms, and x, y, m and n are integers or m is zero, x being 1,2 or 3; y being 2, 3 or 4, preferably 3; and m/n being 0 to 0.9, preferably 0.14 to 0.44.
They have hydroxyl numbers of from 24 to 8, preferably from 22 to 1 5.
In particular we would mention high molecular weight polyols obtained by reacting an ethylene oxide tipped oxypropylated glycerol having a nominal hydroxyl equivalent weight of about 2000 and a hydroxyl number of about 28 with a difunctional hydroxyl-reactive organic compound in the molar ratio of 2 :1.
The high molecular weight polyols are conveniently prepared by adding gradually the polyfunctional hydroxyl-reactive compound to the polyalkylene polyol while stirring at an elevated temperature, for example at 80 to 900 C. A suitable catalyst may be used to speed reaction or enable the reaction to be carried out at a lower temperature. After adding the polyfunctional hydroxyl-reactive compound stirring is continued until reaction is complete.
We have found that the high molecular weight polyols of the present invention are of particular value in the manufacture of high resilience, cold-cure urethane foams derived from diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI).
Currently high resilience urethane foams are made with polyethers having a molecular weight of about 5000 to 6000. By using our high molecular weight polyols, MDI-based polyurethane foams can be obtained which have a more latex-like feel. This improved "feel" can be quantified in terms of the foam's SAG factor, i.e. the ratio of the loads required to product deflections of the foam of 65% and 25%. This is of importance when the foams are to be used for seating and other cushioning applications in which latex-like properties are generally desirable.
In addition, the MDI-based foams produced using the high molecular weight polyols of our invention show advantages in respect of improved tensile strength and elongation at break.
Thus according to a further aspect of our invention we provide a method of making polyurethane foams which comprises mixing together a high molecular weight polyol, as hereinbefore defined, a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate or a prepolymer thereof, water and a catalyst for foam formation, optionally in the presence of other conventional polyurethane foam ingredients. The invention also includes the polyurethane foams so obtained.
In using the phrase "a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate" we include pure 4,4'diphenylmethane diisocyanate as well as mixtures of this isomer with the 2,4'-isomer. We also include the so-called crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate compositions, particularly those containing from 30 to 95%, preferably from 40 to 80%, by weight of diphenylmethane diisocyanates, the remainder being largely polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates of functionality greater than two. Such compositions may be obtained by phosgenation of crude diaminodiphenylmethane as is fully described in the relevant literature. Further, we include mixtures of these diphenylmethane diisocyanates with other polyisocyanates, such as tolylene diisocyanates, and the diphenylmethane diisocyanates when modified, for example, by reaction with non-polymeric polyols.
Prepolymers of the diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate and their methods of preparation are well known. Any such prepolymer may be used in the present invention. In particular, we would mention prepolymers prepared by reacting a polyoxyalkylene diol or triol, especially polypropylene glycol of molecular weight about 2000, and mixtures thereof with other polyoxyalkylene diols and triols especially poly(oxypropylene-oxyethylene) random polymers having a larger ethylene oxide than propylene oxide content, with an excess of a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate. Also the prepoiymer may be blended with a different diphenylmethane diisocyanate. For example, a prepolymer made by reacting a polyoxyalkylene diol or triol with a substantially pure diphenylmethane diisocyanate can be blended with a crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate.A further possibility is to blend the prepolymer with another prepolymer made by reacting a diphenylmethane diisocyanate with another polyol, for example another polyoxyalkylene polyol or a non-polymeric polyol.
The water acts as a blowing agent in making the foams and is used in an appropriate amount to give a foam of the desired density. It is appropriate to use from 1.0 to 5.5%, especially from 1.5 to 4.0%, by weight of water based on the weight of the high molecular weight polyol.
Catalysts which may be used in making the foams have been fully described in the relevant literature and include tertiary amines and organic metal compounds, particularly tin compounds.
Examples of suitable tertiary amines include N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine, N,N-dimethylbenzylamine,
N,N-dimethylethanolamine and 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane. Organic metal compounds which may be used as catalysts include stannous octoate and dibutyltin dilaurate. it is often advantageous to use a mixture of catalysts, for example a mixture of amines or an amine and a tin compound.
Other conventional polyurethane foam ingredients include surfactants, for example siloxaneoxyalkylene copolymers, fillers, fire-retardants, pigments, dyes and additional blowing agents, for example trichlorofluoromethane.
In general, the composition of the foam-forming reaction mixture should be such that the ratio of isocyanate groups to active hydrogen atoms is within the range of 0.7 :1 to 1.2:1 and especially within the range of 0.8:1 to 1.1:1.
The components of the foam-forming reaction mixture may be mixed together in any convenient manner, for example by using any of the mixing equipment described in the relevant literature for the purpose. If desired, mutually inert individual components may be pre-blended so as to reduce the number of component streams requiring to be brought together in the final mixing step. It is often convenient to have a two-stream system whereby one stream comprises the polyisocyanate and the second comprises all the other components of the reaction mixture.
If desired, the density of the foamed product can be modified by overpacking, that is to say foaming the reaction mixture in a closed mould having a volume less than that which would be occupied by the resultant foam if the reaction mixture were allowed to rise freely.
The invention is illustrated but not limited by the following Example in which all parts and percentages are by weight.
EXAMPLE 1
A high molecular weight polyol having a hydroxyl number of 22 is prepared by adding gradually over 20 minutes 52 parts of an isomeric mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing approximately 80% 4,4'- and 20% 2,4'- and a trace of 2,2'-isomer to 2500 parts of an ethylene oxide tipped oxypropylated glycerol having an oxyethylene content of 16% and a molecular weight of 6000 (hydroxyl number 28). The reaction mixture is stirred throughout the addition and for 120 minutes afterwards and the temperature maintained between 80 and 900C.
A polyol blend is prepared by mixing together 100 parts of the high molecular weight polyol prepared as described above, 3.0 parts of water, 10 parts of trichlorofluoromethane, 1.0 part of a 33% solution of triethylene diamine in dipropylene glycol, 0.1 part of a 70% solution of bis(2dimethylaminoethyl)ether in dipropylene glycol and 1.0 part of Silicone Oil B41 13.
This is called Polyol Blend A.
By way of comparison, a polyol blend is prepared in the same way as Polyol Blend A except that 100 parts of the ethylene oxide tipped oxypropylated glycerol used to prepare the high molecular weight polyol is used instead of the 100 parts of the high molecular weight poiyol itself. This is called
Polyol Blend B.
Foams are made from each of Polyol Blends A and B by mixing 100 parts of the blends with 51 and 53 parts, respectively, of a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate obtained by blending 27 parts of a crude diphenylmethane diisocyanate containing approximately 50% of diphenylmethane diisocyanate isomers with 73 parts of a prepolymer which is the reaction product of an 80/20 mixture of diphenylmethane-4,4'- and 2,4'-diisocyanates and polypropylene glycol of molecular weight 2000.
The foams so obtained have the following properties:
Foam made Foam made from Polyol from Polyol Property Blend A Blend B Density (kg/m3) 51 48 75% Compression Set (%) 12 12 Tensile strength (kN/m2) 240 130 Elongation (%) 360 140 Compression 25% 2.6 2.4 40% 3.8 3.4 Hardness (1 50% 5.3 4.5 (Kn/m2) r 65% 11.4 8.5 SAG Factor 4.4 3.5 Results
It will be seen that the foam made from Polyol Blend A according to the invention has superior
properties to the foam made from Polyol Blend B, which does not form part of the invention, in respect of tensile strength, elongation at break and SAG factor, the latter reflecting a more latex-like feel.
Claims (4)
1. Polyether polyols obtained by reacting a polyoxyalkylene polyol with a polyfunctional hydroxylreactive compound in the molar ratio of from 4:3 to 4:1,the polyoxyalkylene polyol having a molecular weight greater than 5000 and up to 10,000 and containing propylene oxide and optionally ethylene oxide residues the latter in an amount of from 0 to 40% by weight of the total alkylene oxide residues present.
2. Polyether polyols having a molecular weight of from 10,000 to 40,000 and a formula: Y+XY)x in which X is the residue of a difunctional hydroxyl-reactive organic compound, Y is Z [(C2H40)m(C3H60)n]y in which the alkylene oxide residues are ordered or randomly arranged and Z is the residue of an initiator having y active hydrogen atoms, and x, y, m and n are integers or m is zero, x being 1,2 or 3; y being 2, 3 or 4; and m/n being 0 to 0.9.
3. A method of making polyurethane foams which comprises mixing together a high molecular weight polyol, according to claims 1 or 2, a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-based polyisocyanate or prepolymer thereof, water and a catalyst for foam formation, optionally in the presence of other conventional polyurethane foam ingredients.
4. Polyurethane foams whenever prepared by a method according to claim 3.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8106120A GB2093852A (en) | 1981-02-26 | 1981-02-26 | Polymeric materials |
| GB08133316A GB2109803A (en) | 1981-02-26 | 1981-11-04 | High molecular weight polyether polyols |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8106120A GB2093852A (en) | 1981-02-26 | 1981-02-26 | Polymeric materials |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2093852A true GB2093852A (en) | 1982-09-08 |
Family
ID=10519995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8106120A Withdrawn GB2093852A (en) | 1981-02-26 | 1981-02-26 | Polymeric materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB2093852A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2139238A (en) * | 1983-05-05 | 1984-11-07 | Mobay Chemical Corp | Flexible polyurethane foams |
| EP1460102A1 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2004-09-22 | Basf Corporation | Method of forming high resilience slabstock polyurethane foam displaying latex-like characteristics |
| CN109679069A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-26 | 广东也乐新材料制造有限公司 | A kind of high recovery sponge of imitative latex ultra-soft and its production technology |
-
1981
- 1981-02-26 GB GB8106120A patent/GB2093852A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2139238A (en) * | 1983-05-05 | 1984-11-07 | Mobay Chemical Corp | Flexible polyurethane foams |
| EP1460102A1 (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2004-09-22 | Basf Corporation | Method of forming high resilience slabstock polyurethane foam displaying latex-like characteristics |
| CN109679069A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-26 | 广东也乐新材料制造有限公司 | A kind of high recovery sponge of imitative latex ultra-soft and its production technology |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |