GB191410648A - Improvements in the Lubrication of Internal Combustion Engines. - Google Patents

Abstract

10,648. Richards, R. W., and Duffy, J., [trading as V. T. S. Manufacturing Co.]. April 30. Channels in cylinders, pistons, connecting- rods, cranks and engine crank casings.-An internal-combustion engine, particularly of the two-stroke-cycle type, is lubricated by oil which is supplied to a duct in the cylinder wall and distributed by changes of pressure in the crank case. Oil is supplied to an annular chamber 1 formed at the upper part of the crank case 2, the inner side of the chamber being closed by the spigot 3<a> of the cylinder. The oil is sucked in through two openings 4, and passes along passages and grooves 5, 6, 14, 10 to lubricate the crank-shaft and crank-pin bearings. Oil from the chamber 1 also passes through holes 17 in the cylinder wall and is received and distributed by one or more grooves 18 in the piston. The holes 17 may be at different levels, and the groove 18 may be helical. Oil draining from the cylinder is caught in grooves 33 formed in projecting parts 32 of the crank case, and passes to the crank-shaft bearings. A non-return valve is placed in the pipe that supplies the chamber 1, and at periods of high pressure in the crank case oil is forced from the chamber up a passage 19 fitted with a regulating-valve 22. This oil is delivered through an opening 20 to a hollow gudgeon 23, and passes through openings 28 to a groove 31 in the connecting-rod bearing. The openings 28 and groove 31 are in register only during the down-stroke of the piston. A ball valve 26, engaging conical seats at both ends of the gudgeon, controls the leakage of gas through the inlet port 21 of the engine and through the gudgeon, enabling the oil to be delivered through the passage 19. Oil which accumulates in the spaces at the ends of the gudgeon enters short distributing grooves arranged on each side of the piston. In place of the ball valve 26, a ball valve may be arranged on the pipe 19 to prevent the oil from being sucked back into the chamber 1. Fig. 6 shows a modification in which.a ball valve 26 engaging two conical seats is mounted in the cylinder wall at the end of the gudgeon opposite to that at which the oil enters. Besides controlling the lubrication, this valve, when uncovered by the piston, allows air to be sucked into the crank case while the throttle valve is shut; this air assists in cooling the engine.