GB1603352A - Method and apparatus for dispensing flexible sheet material - Google Patents

Description

PATENT SPECIFICATION

Application No 33176/80 Divided out of No 1 603 351 Convention Application Nos.

792 308 792 307 ( 11) 1 603 352 ( 22) Filed 21 April 1978 ( 32) Filed 29 April 1977 in ( 33) United States of America (US) ( 44) Complete Specification published 25 Nov 1981 ( 51) INT CL B 65 H 19/10 ( 52) Index at acceptance B 8 M 4 B 78 C B 4 ( 54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DISPENSING FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL ( 71) We, GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORPORATION, a corporation of the State of Georgia, United States of America, of 900 SW.

Fifth Avenue, Portland, Oregon, 97207, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:-

Tshis invention is concerned with the provision of a method for dispensing flexible sheet material from a dispenser having an initial roll and a reserve roll of the said material rotatably supported therein The invention also provides a dispenser for flexible sheet material and a reserve roll feed mechanism for the dispenser.

Dispensers for flexible sheet material such as paper towelling have long been known and such dispensers often include mechanisms for moving a reserve roll into dispensing position and for perforating or severing a roll into individual sheets These dispensers generally include a perforating or severing mechanism comprising a number of rollers between which and around which the web material must pass and usually also include a rotatably mounted knife and a rotatable roller having a cooperating slot to receive the knife as it rotates past the roller so that the sheet material passing between the roller and the knife is severed or perforated Mechanisms have also been proposed for measuring a desired length of web and for halting the operation of the machine.

Such known proposals recognise many problems and attempt to solve them in many different ways The prior art dispensers are for the most part rather complicated in construction, making them expensive to manufacture and to maintain and somewhat prone to failure.

One object of the present invention is to provide an improved method of dispensing flexible sheet material Another object of the present invention is to provide a dispenser for flexible sheet material, having mechanism for ensuring the movement of a reserve roll of material into the dispensing position.

According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of automatically feeding a web of flexible sheet material from a reserve roll in a dispenser having an initial 55 roll of said material, a reserve roll of said material, and apparatus for advancing and perforating said web, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) displacing said reserve roll to a dis 60 pensing position after said initial roll has been exhausted by a predetermined amount; and (b) buckling the leading edge of the web of said reserve roll whereby said web is 65 ultimately enmeshed in said advancing and perforating apparatus and thence directing it outwardly from said dispenser.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a dispenser for flex 70 ible sheet material comprising:

(a) a chassis having a front wall and a rear wall; (b) means operatively connected to said chassis for rotatably supporting an initial 75 roll of flexible sheet material and a reserve roll of flexible sheet material; (c) means operatively connected to said chassis for guiding a web of flexible sheet material to a position to be grasped by a 80 user so that the user may pull the web out of the dispenser; (d) a rotatable perforating mechanism operatively connected to said chassis for perforating said web at intervals therealong 85 to divide said web into individual sheets; and (e) means to feed automatically the web of said reserve roll of said sheet material to said rotatable perforating mechanism after 90 said initial roll of said sheet material has been exhausted by a predetermined amount, said automatic feed means including means for engaging the leading edge of the web of said reserve roll to cause said 95 web to buckle, said means for engaging the leading edge being so located as to cause said buckled portion to be urged toward said perforating mechanism.

The dispenser is preferably adapted for 100 ( 21) ( 62) ( 31) Vr \ O 1 603 352 dispensing flexible sheet material from rolls mounted on spools extending outwardly of the width of the rolls, means being included as part of the support means for urging the roll of flexible sheet material in the dispensing position downwardly into engagement with the perforating mechanism regardless of the amount of sheet material remaining on the roll.

A dispenser according to the present invention, therefore, provides solutions to the problems present in the art, and does so by way of simple, reliable and relatively inexpensive mechanisms A reserve roll 1 5 advancing mechanism may be provided and may comprise two pairs of guides, one fixed and one movable, the arrangement being such that when the roll of sheet material in the dispensing position is substantially exhausted, it drops out of the dispensing position by the action of gravity, and this allows the movable guides to pivot, causing the reserve roll held thereby to drop down into the dispensing position The guides preferably have inclined side surfaces that are biased inwardly against the sides of the roll spool at a point onset from the spool centre so that when the dispensing spool is rotated during dispensing of the sheet material, the interaction of spool ends against the guide sides urges the roll downwardly against a pinch roller, so that it remains in the lowermost position as its diameter is reduced.

When it is almost exhausted it is in position to drop out of the dispensing position.

The leading edge of the reserve roll may be brought into contact with the trailing portion of the exhausted roll as it roates by a series of strategically placed shoulders in the interior of the cabinet and once the leading edge of the reserve roll contacts the trailing portion of the other web of paper it is pulled thereby through the dispensing mechanism.

The dispenser may also include an overthrow spring mechanism for adding momentum to the action of the perforating knife and cooperating slotted roller as it moves through the perforating step, the length of each section being controlled by a roll stop mechanism utilising a simple gravity operated rocking lever and an anti-reverse pawl, both operated upon by a series of rotating cams.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood reference is now directed by way of example to the accompanying drawings in which:Fig 1 is a left side view, partially in section, of the dispenser for flexible sheet material of this invention; Fig 2 is a front view of the dispenser of Fig l, partially in section; FIG 3 is a right side view of the dispenser of FIG 1, partially in section.

FIG 4 is a left side view of the lower portion of the dispenser of FIG 1, partially in section, showing the feeding and cutting mechanism.

FIG 5 is a view taken along line 5-5 of FIG 1 70 FIG 6 is a view taken substantially along line 6-6 of FIG 4.

FIG 7 is a left side view of the reserve roll release mechanism.

FIG 8 is a detailed left side view of the 75 momentary roll stop mechanism in the normal or released position.

FIG 9 is a detailed left side view of the momentary roll stop mechanism in the stop position 80 The dispenser of this invention, like the dispenser forming the subject of our copending Application No 15877/78 (Serial No 1 603 351) comprises a number of basic components and mechanisms, each of which 85 will be explained in detail below These are a chassis, a housing, means for supporting a web of sheet material in a dispensing position, a perforating mechanism, means for holding a reserve roll in a reserve position 90 and then moving it into the dispensing position, a mounting roll stop mechanism, and means for feeding the leading edge of the reserve roll through the dispensing mechanism 95 The Chassis and The Housing The chassis includes a back plate 20 which is adapted to be secured to a wall by suitable fasteners Attached to back plate 20 is a right side plate 22 (FIG 1) and a left side 100 plate 24 (FIG 3) Each of the side plates 22 and 24 are a composite construction, having inner and outer walls and strengthening ribs.

A bottom plate 28 (FIG 4) extends forwardly from back plate 20 Most of the 105 mechanisms of the dispenser are supported by the chassis plates as explained below.

Formed on the outer side of each of side plates 22 and 24 in the lower portion thereof, is a housing pivot mount 30, by 110 which the outer housing 32 is attached The housing comprises a front panel 34, right panel 36, left panel 38 and top panel 40 A pair of matching pivot mounts 42 are on the inside of each of side panels 34 and 36, and 115 coact with pivot mounts 30 Screws, not shown, through the center of pivot mounts and 42, attach the housing to the chassis, allowing the housing to be opened downwardly to reveal the interior of the dis 120 penser Other types of pivot mounts can be used The top panel 40 is provided on the inside with a cabinet latch mechanism, comprising a tongue 46 (FIG 3) that has an enlarged portion 48 at its free end, and a 25 key receiving recess 50 spaced inwardly from the end Tongue 46 is received be ween the inner surface of top panel 40 and an interior flange 52, where it is secured by a rivet 56 A key opening 58 is provided in 130 1 603 352 top panel 40, as is an edge portion 60 An upper channel-shaped chassis plate member 64 is provided with an opening 66 to receive enlarged portion 48 This latch is the subject of U S Patent Number 3,971,237 Of course, other latch mechanisms can be used.

Housing 32 terminates in an open end short of the bottom of the chassis, at an edge 70, below which the towel web extends from inside the dispenser The chassis has a bottom shield 72 that curves upwardly from its attachment point to bottom plate 28, to close the bottom of the dispenser The upper edge 74 of shield 72 is spaced slightly :5 from lower edge 70, to form a slit through which the towel web is dispensed Shield 72 is of offset sectional construction for strength (FIG 2).

Extensions and attachments to the chassis are provided to support virtually all of the internal mechanisms of the dispenser Such extensions and attachments will be described in conjunction with the description of the various mechanisms.

Roll Supporting Means The roll supporting means holds two rolls of flexible sheet material 80 and 82 Roll 80 is in the dispensing position and roll 82 is in the reserve position The roll supporting means comprises a pair of fixed guides 84 and a pair of movable guides 86, all of which are structural members built up from flat portions and ribbed portions, in a conventional manner Fixed guides 84 are attached to chassis side plates 22 and 24 by screws.

Each fixed guide 84 defines a fixed guide surface having an upper outwardly inclined upper portion 88, a main vertical portion 90 and a lower inwardly inclined portion 92.

Each movable guide 86 is pivotally mounted to a side plate by a screw 98, and is freely pivotal Each movable guide 86 comprises an upper outwardly inclined surface 100 and a main vertically oriented surface 102, which meet at a protusion 104 An inwardly inclined surface 105 is located at the lower end of each fixed guide 84 The various surfaces of the fixed and movable guides define a passageway 108, through which the spindle of reserve roll 82 travels, as explained below Each roll of flexible web material 80 and 82 is mounted on a spindle 110 and 112, respectively The diameter of spindles and 112 is such that it cannot pass the narrowed portion 116 defined by protrusion 104, and thus so long as movable guide 86 is in the normal position (FIGS 1, 3 and phantom lines FIG 7), reserve roll 82 is held in the reserve position So long as dispensing spindle 110 is in channel 108, movable guide 86 remains in the normal position.

When spindle 110 moves out of the channel, when the material on dispensing roll 80 is substantially exhausted, the weight of roll 82 acting on inclined surface 100 causes guide 86 to pivot to the release position shown in phantom lines in FIG 4 and solid lines in FIG 7, thus releasing roll 82 to drop to the dispensing position.

Dispensing roll 80 is maintained in the 70 dispensing position so long as its diameter exceeds a predetermined size This is best shown in FIG 4, considering that for purposes of later describing the automatic threading of the end of a new roll, reserve 75 roll 82 is illustrated in the dispensing position, and dispensing roll 80, now exhausted, has dropped into the expended position labeled as 120 in FIG 4 The peripheral surface 122 rests upon a pair of pinch rollers 80 124 and 125 which are journaled for rotation on a shaft 126 in turn supported in blocks 127 When towel is pulled out of the dispenser by a user, the roll of flexible sheet material is rotated, and pinch rollers 124 85 and 125 cause the towel to bear firmly against another roller as explained later, to operate the perforating mechanism For purposes of the movement of the dispensing roll and the automatic feeding of replace 90 ment roll, pinch rollers 124 and 125 serve as a stop against which the periphery of the roll rests.

As roll 82 (FIG 4) is consumed, its diameter decreases, and its center, as 95 denoted by spool 112, moves downwardly in passageway 108 Finally, the diameter of roll 82 becomes so small that spool 112 moves beneath the lowermost point of fixed guide 84, and both spool 112 and roll 82 100 drop into the expended position labeled 120, then to reside in a compartment defined by a floor plate 128, which is attached to a back plate 20 and to side plates 22 and 24 The removal of spool 112 105 from between guides 84 and 86 permits movable guide 86 to pivot, if another reserve roll has been placed in the reserve position, and the new reserve roll moves downwardly until its peripheral surface 110 strikes roller 124.

The Perforating Mechanism The perforating mechanism is driven by pinch rollers 124 and 125 A cutter member of generally elliptical cross-section is 115 mounted on a rotatable shaft 132 which is supported at each end on a pair of lower side frame members 133 and 134 Cutter member 130 is provided at one end with a gear 136 It also has a toothed knife blade 120 138 mounted on its periphery and extending outwardly therefrom As shown in FIG 2, cutter member 130 is so configured as to support knife blade 138 in a helical spiral encompassing about 30 degrees of rotation 125 of the cutter member The blade is shown, in an end view in FIG 4 Blade 138 actually comprises several separate sections 138 a,b,c and d, separated from one another, so that the towel is not cut completely through, the 130 1 603 352 remaining small sections being torn through at a later point in the operating cycle.

Advantageously, cutter member 130 is mounted for rotation on shaft ends 140 which are supported in journals 142 in the left and right lower side frame members 133 and 134.

Operating in conjunction with cutter member 130 is a slotted roller 146, that is rotatably mounted on a shaft having ends 148 received in journals 150, which are in turn supported by right and left lower frame members 133 and 134 A gear 152 is mounted on one shaft end 148, in constant mesh with gear 136 of the cutter member.

Slotted roller 146 has a central portion 154 upon which are mounted a plurality of spaced disks 156 The disks support rails 158 that define slots 160 that extend at an angle to the axis of roller 146 A few ribs 162 breach the slots 160, and these are in alignment with the openings between blades 13 a,b,c and d The relationship between cutter web 76 and slotted roller 146 is such that as the two rotate together blade 138 enters slots 160 to make a cut across the width of the towel Owing to the inclination of blade 138 and the angle of slots 160, only a small portion of the towel is being perforated at any given moment For each complete revolution of cutter member 130 and slotted roller 146, the toweling is perforated across its entire width.

As will be explained in detail below, the toweling passes between pinch rollers 124 and 125 and the outer periphery of slotted roller 146 It is the function of pinch rollers 124 and 125 to insure that intimate contact is maintained between the toweling and the slotted roll 146 so that the action of the towering being pulled out causes slotted roll 146 to rotate, and along with it cutter member 130 The journal blocks 127 that support rollers 124 and 125 are slidably mounted in slots 166 formed in right and left lower side plates 133 and 134, and are urged forward by springs 168, thus urging pinch rollers 124 and 125 toward slotted roller 146.

A second pinch roller 170 is located forwardly and downwardly of slotted roller 146, immediately inside of the opening in the cabinet through which the toweling is dispensed Pinch roller 170 is mounted on a shaft 172 that is carried by a pair of springs 174, the springs urging the pinch roller toward slotted roller 146 This pinch roller causes the toweling to be urged around about half of the periphery of slotted roller 146, thus insuring that there is a minimum of slippage between the toweling and the slotted roller.

In addition to the above described mechanisms for insuring good contact between the various rollers and the toweling, the guides in which the dispensing towel roll spool is mounted are provided with a novel means for insuring that the towel roll is constantly moved downwardly This causes some driving pressure to be imparted to 70 pinch roller 124 by the outer surface of towel roll 80, as it rotates It also insures that dispensing roll 80 does not hang up in the guides, but continuously moves downwardly To this end, the fixed guides 84 each 75 comprise a spring section 180 attached to the frame, a rear wall 182 and a side wall 184, which is angled inwardly in crosssection Spring section 180 causes angled side wall 184 to be biased inwardly, against 80 the flat end surface 186 of spool 110 As the dispensing roll is rotated to dispense towel, it is caused to rotate counterclockwise, as viewed in FIG 1 Spool 110 then also rotates in the counterclockwise direction 85 Inclined side walls 184 contact the spool ends at a point spaced forwardly (as shown) from the center of rotation (FIG 5), so that the counterclockwise rotation causes spool to tend to roll itself downwardly in the 90 tracks Of course, gravity also acts, but this unique guide design insures positive downward movement.

Manual Feed, Measuring and Roll Stop Mechanism 95 This dispenser functions in such a manner that, at the end of each cycle, the leading end of the towel extends outwardly of the cabinet, in order to be grasped by the user.

The device must have a means for measur 100 ing the length of each segment of toweling dispensed, and stopping the dispensing action at the end of the desired length.

There also must be manual feeding mechanism to be used if necessary The manual 105 feeding mechanism and associated components are best shown in FIGS 2, 3 and 9.

This mechanism includes a manual feed wheel 190 mounted on the end of the cutter member shaft 140 and rotatable therewith 110 Around its periphery feed wheel 190 is provided with alternating recesses 192 and projections 194 to facilitate rotation by the fingers of the user Rotation of feed wheel 190 causes cutter member 130 and slotted roller 115 146 also to rotate, thus feeding towel On the outer side of feed wheel 190 is a pin 196.

A spring 198 is mounted on a peg 200 and engages a holding member 202 at one end.

The other end of spring 198 engages the 120 underside of pin 196 A cam 204 is integrally attached to the inside surface of feed wheel 190 Cam 204 (FIG 9) has a camming surface 206, a cam stop face 208, an anti-reverse notch 210 and a cam release '25 face 2 12 Cam 204 is of sufficient thickness to accommodate two cam followers, a stor lever 214 and an anti-reverse pawl 216, both of which are pivotally mounted on a pin 218 Stop-lever 214 has a lever stop face 130 1 603 352 220, a lever release face 222 and a lever camming surface 223 Anti-reverse pawl 216 has an anti-reverse face 224.

The operation of this mechanism is as follows: When the leading end of the towel is pulled by the user, cutter member 130 and cam 204 rotate in the counterclockwise direction (FIG 9), beginning from the position shown, but with stop lever 214 displaced from the position shown in solid lines, so that faces 208 and 220 are not in engagement Anti-reverse pawl 216 is in its lower position, with anti-reverse face 224 in engagement with anti-reverse notch 210.

Cam 204 rotates until the raised portion of the cam strikes lever camming surface 223, which pivots stop lever 214 into the position shown in solid lines in FIG 9 Then, camming surface 223 rides on cam surface 206 until stop surfaces 208 and 220 engage, and the rotation of the towel dispensing and cutting mechanism is halted During rotation, anti-reverse pawl 216 has also been riding on cam surface 206, and when surfaces 208 and 220 engage, pawl 216 drops downwardly by the action of gravity, to position surface 224 in notch 210 The distance between stop surface 208 and notch 210 is less than the distance between surface 220 and 224, so that some slight reverse movement of cam 204 is allowed.

As long as the towel is being pulled, the pressure placed on faces 208 and 220 maintains stop lever 214 in the position shown in the solid lines in FIG 9 When pull on the towel is released, spring 198, bearing against peg 196, causes reverse rotation of cam 204, at which time notch 210 is engaged by anti-reverse face 224 to halt the reverse rotation after only a slight movement When faces 208 and 220 disengage, stop lever 214 is free to pivot clockwise to its initial position, with faces 212 and 222 in opposed relationship The distance between face 220 and face 222 must be only slightly greater than that between faces 208 and 2, so that if cutter member 130 and cam 204 are rotated slowly, as by means of manual feed wheel 190, stop lever 214 does not have sufficient time to drop out of the stop position before faces 208 and 220 engage one another.

Another important benefit is obtained by the specific interrelationship of certain of the above described components This is a force assist to the components that perforate the towel, so that the act of perforating is accomplished without the need for the user to increase his pull upon the towel During the first part of the rotation of cam 204, pin 196 pushes downwardly against the free end portion of spring 198 The design of spring 198 is such that the force component at the end portion is not great After pin 196 passes the lowermost point of its rotative path, spring 198 begins to push upwardly, thus helping to rotate feed wheel 190, cutter member 130 and slotted roll 146 Spring 198 is so designed as to have a larger force component at the mid-point where it now 70 engages pin 196 This added force gives the rotating parts extra inertia, and thus the perforating is assisted, the extra force necessary to drive the knife through the towel being provided not by the user but by the spring 75 Automatic Threading of Reserve Towel Roll The leading end of the reserve towel roll is automatically fed into the mechanism At the time the dispensing roll is so depleted that it is released to fall into the expended 80 position at 120, its toweling is still threaded through the feed and cutting mechanism, and continues to be unrolled and dispensed.

The reserve roll has by now dropped into the dispensing roll position, as is roll 82 in 85 FIG 4 Somewhere around the outer periphery of roll 82 now lies the leading edge of the towel This is not glued or otherwise held down, so it is free to move into the dispensing mechanism 90 Extending inwardly from back plate 20 is a first ledge 230 Extending inwardly from the inside of outer housing 32 are a plurality of second ledges 232 At this point, the towel from roll 234 in the expended position 95 extends (FIG 4) over the top of pinch rollers 124, 125, then between the pinch rollers and slotted roller 146, then between slotted roller 146 and pinch roller 170, and the outside of the dispenser The location of the 100 end of the full roll of toweling 82 is unknown However, roll 82 rests upon pinch roller 124 and will be rotated when pinch roller 124 rotates A user now pulls the towel to start a new cycle As the dispensing, 105 cutting and stop mechanisms operate, roll 82 is rotated The objective now is to have the leading edge 236 of the new roll 82, or a folded portion of the towel of the new roll, engaged by the dispensing mechanism, 110 along with the towel by roll 234 which is being dispensed This can happen in several ways First, if leading edge 236 is located anywhere on the periphery of roll 82 between the 3 o'clock and the 8 o'clock posi 115 tion, rotation of roll 82 will cause leading edge 236 to strike ledge 230 Thereupon, a fold 238 will develop in the towel, which fold can be carried between ledge 230 and roll 82 to a point where it impacts the towel 120 ing from roll 234 somewhere in expended position 120 and is carried with it toward pinch roller 124 and thereafter between pinch roller 124 and slotted roller 146 Second, if leading edge 236 were initially 125 located between the 6 o'clock position and the 8 o'clock position, it would impact directly upon the toweling from roll 234 in the area of 120, and be carried along thereby Third, if leading edge 236 were 130 1 603 352 intially located between the 6 o'clock position and the 3 o'clock position, it would strike one of the second ledges 232, causing a fold 240 to be developed, which will move to a point between pinch roller 124 and slotted roller 146 where it is grasped and moved between the two, along with the other toweling being dispensed Until roll 234 is completely exhausted, toweling from both rolls will be dispensed.

An inspection window 242 in housing 32 shows the custodian when the reserve roll has moved to the dispensing position Opening housing 32 exposes an opening 244 in the frame through which the empty core can be removed from expended position 120.

Only a single preferred embodiment of the invention is described above.

Claims (1)

1. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:

   1 A method of automatically feeding a web of flexible sheet material from a reserve roll in a dispenser having an initial roll of said material, a reserve roll of said material, and apparatus for advancing and perforating said web, the method comprising the steps of:

   (a) displacing said reserve roll to a dispensing position after said initial roll has been exhausted by a predetermined amount; and (b) buckling the leading edge of the web of said reserve roll whereby said web ultimately is enmeshed in said advancing and perforating apparatus and thence directing it outwardly from said dispenser.

   2 The method of Claim 1, wherein the buckled leading edge of the web of said reserve roll is entrained with the as yet unexhausted trailing edge of said initial roll.

   3 The method of Claim I or 2, comprising the additional step of discharging said initial roll to an inoperative position prior to displacing said reserve roll to a dispensing position.

   4 A dispenser for flexible sheet material, comprising:

   (a) a chassis having a front wall and a rear wall; (b) means operatively connected to said chassis for rotatably supporting an initial roll of flexible sheet material and a reserve roll of flexible sheet material; (c) means operatively connected to said chassis for guiding a web of flexible sheet material to a position to be grasped by a user so that the user may pull the web out of the dispenser; (d) a rotatable perforating mechanism operatively connected to said chassis for perforating said web at intervals therealong to divide said web into individual sheets; and (e) means to feed automatically the web of said reserve roll of said sheet material to said rotatable perforating mechanism after said initial roll of said sheet material has been exhausted by a predetermined amount, said automatic feed means including means for engaging the leading edge of the web of said reserve roll to cause said 70 web to buckle, said means for engaging the leading edge being so located as to cause said buckled portion to be urged toward said perforating mechanism.

   The dispenser of Claim 4, wherein 75 said means for engaging the leading edge of the web of said reserve roll comprises at least one inwardly projecting portion affixed to said chassis.

   6 The dispenser of Claim 5, wherein 80 one of said inwardly projecting portions is affixed to said rear wall of said chassis and another of said inwardly projecting portions is affixed to the front wall of said chassis.

   7 A dispenser according to any one of 85 Claims 4 to 6, for dispensing flexible sheet material from rolls mounted on spools extending outwardly of the width of the rolls, characterised by the provision of means included as part of said support 90 means for urging the roll of flexible sheet material being dispensed downwardly into engagement with said perforating mechanism, regardless of the amount of sheet material remaining on said roll 95 8 A dispenser according to Claim 7, wherein said means for urging said roll downwardly comprises:

   a generally vertically extending guide track adapted to rotatably support said roll 100 of sheet material by engaging the outwardly extending portions of said spool, said guide track having opposed front and rear walls and a side wall disposed therebetween, the means engaging said outwardly extending 105 portions to cause downward movement thereof when said spool is rotated in a first direction.

   9 A dispenser according to Claim 8, wherein said side wall comprises an 110 inwardly inclined surface engaging the ends of said spool at a point spaced from the centre axis of said spool, whereby when said spool is rotated in said first direction the interaction of said inclined surface with said 115 spool ends will cause said spool to be motivated downwardly.

   A dispenser according to Claim 9, wherein said inclined surface is biased into engagement with the end of said spool 120 11 A dispenser according to Claim 9 or 10, wherein said dispenser further comprises a roller against which rests the outer peripheral surface of the roll of sheet material being dispensed, and wherein said t 25 inwardly inclined surface extends substan tially to the dispensing position so that t' roll in said dispensing position is urged toward said roller during rotation of said roll in said first direction 130 1 603 352 12 A method according to Claim 1 for accompanying drawings.

   automatically feeding a web of flexible sheet material substantially as hereinbefore WITHERS & ROGERS, described with reference to the accompany Chartered Patent Agents, ing drawings 4, Dyer's Buildings, 13 A dispenser according to Claim 4 Holborn, for flexible sheet material substantially as London, ECIN 2 JT.

   hereinbefore described with reference to the Agents for the Applicant.

   Printed for Her Majesty's Stationery Office by The Tweeddale Press Ltd, Berwick-upon-Tweed, 1981 Published at the Patent Office, 25 Southampton Buildings, London, WC 2 A I AY, from which copies may be obtained.