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GB1600768A - Underlays - Google Patents

Underlays Download PDF

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Publication number
GB1600768A
GB1600768A GB25652/78A GB2565278A GB1600768A GB 1600768 A GB1600768 A GB 1600768A GB 25652/78 A GB25652/78 A GB 25652/78A GB 2565278 A GB2565278 A GB 2565278A GB 1600768 A GB1600768 A GB 1600768A
Authority
GB
United Kingdom
Prior art keywords
felt
layer
needle felt
underlay
fibres
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
GB25652/78A
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KONINKL AABE FABRIKEN BV
Original Assignee
KONINKL AABE FABRIKEN BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KONINKL AABE FABRIKEN BV filed Critical KONINKL AABE FABRIKEN BV
Publication of GB1600768A publication Critical patent/GB1600768A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47G—HOUSEHOLD OR TABLE EQUIPMENT
    • A47G9/00—Bed-covers; Counterpanes; Travelling rugs; Sleeping rugs; Sleeping bags; Pillows
    • A47G9/02—Bed linen; Blankets; Counterpanes
    • A47G9/0238—Bed linen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/48—Devices for preventing wetting or pollution of the bed
    • A61F5/485—Absorbent protective pads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/10—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer reinforced with filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F2013/15008—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterized by the use
    • A61F2013/15048—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterized by the use for protection against contamination, or protection in using body disinfecting wipes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51401—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material
    • A61F2013/51409—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a film
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/534—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad
    • A61F2013/53445—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium having an inhomogeneous composition through the thickness of the pad from several sheets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/53—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium
    • A61F13/539—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers
    • A61F2013/53908—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the absorbing medium characterised by the connection of the absorbent layers with each other or with the outer layers with adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/04—Cellulosic plastic fibres, e.g. rayon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
    • B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/08—Reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
    • B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2323/00—Polyalkenes
    • B32B2323/10—Polypropylene

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Nursing (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

(54) UNDERLAYS (71) We, KONINKLIJKE AaBe FA BRIEKEN B.V., a body corporate organised and existing under the laws of Holland, of Hoevenseweg 57, Tilburg, Holland, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- The invention relates to underlays, used for example for underblankets or under sheets and to laminates for producing such underlays. The underlays may be particularly suitable for use in hospital beds.
According to the invention there is provided an underlay including (A) a layer of needle felt substantially free of binder, the felt having both faces thereof formed by fluid absorbent fibres and having a plurality of spaced threads arranged parallel to one another and internally of the felt between the faces for reinforcing the felt and (B) an impermeable backing layer of synthetic material adhered to one face of the felt. The synthetic material may be a plastics material or a natural or synthetic rubber material. The layer of substantially binder-free needle felt has an absorbent capacity for body or other fluids. The backing layer is non-absorbent and acts as a barrier to moisture. If the undcrlay is placed felt uppermost on a mattress, no fluids are let through downwards if the felt has been moistened.
Thus the invention is useful for hospital beds. The invention can be manufactured cheaply and hence used by large-scale consumers, such as hospitals.
Preferably the needle felt. the parallel threads and the backing layer comprise materials which are resistant to raised temperatures and to chemicals so that it is possible to wash the underlay after use or if desired. even sterilize the underlay.
A needle felt with an interior reinforcement of warps is described in the German Patent Specification 1.282,980. The needle felt for the invention may be the same or similar but is combined with the backing layer.
The underlay of the invention has advantages over the so-called swanskin or flanneltype blankets which are of woven cotton material if the underlay is used for placing on the mattress of a bed-ridden patient or of a child for the purpose of absorbing excreted body fluids. The invention provides good absorbent capacity yet bars the transmission of moisture. The weight of the underlay is relatively low, it is easy to wash and may be produced cheaply.
The invention is illustrated by the accompanying drawing which shows a perspective, partly cut-away, view of a blanket according to the invention.
With reference to the drawing an underlay or underblanket 1 is made up of a moisture absorbing layer of a binder-free needle felt 2 and a plastics support layer 3 which does not transmit moisture and is connected to the felt 2 by a layer of a glue 4. The absorbing layer of the needle felt 2 is made up of two fibre webs 5, 6 with, therebetween, parallel threads 7 which serve as an interior reinforcement.
Microperforations are made in the needle felt in the course of manufacture. These are indicated at 8.
The webs 5,6 of the needle felt comprise detached non-bonded fibres. The webs are absorbent and preferably also resistant to high temperatures and chemicals. Suitable fibres are natural fibres, such as cotton, and part-synthetic fibres, including cellulose derivatives such as viscose rayon. By preference, a mixture of 50% of cotton fibres and 50% of artificial cellulose fibres can be used to give a good strength, good processing properties and can be washed and sterilized.
Other natural and re-generated fibres which are spun from naturally occurring polymers may also be used but are not preferred; wool fibres, for instance may irritate in use and may felt in the course of washing.
The threads 7 may be made up of not only a row of parallel threads located next to each other, but also of an open fabric of such threads with a limited number of weft threads. These threads form an interior reinforcement of the needle felt and provide strength in the longitudinal thread direction, generally the longitudinal direction of the underlay. In general, many materials may be used for the threads such as cotton, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile and polyester. Practically all these fibrous materials are resistant to washing and sterilizing. Polyacrylonitrile fibres are preferred because they are easily obtainable and have a low cost.
The needle felt 1 may be manufactured, in the manner of the German Patent Specification 1,282,980. by first making non-bonded fibre webs in a carding machine or roving frame, then placing two fibre webs on each other with a layer of parallel threads therebetween and punching the combined layers through diagonally with needles from both sides. By punching through with the needles, the surface fibres are pushed out of the individual fibre webs through the material formed and entangled with one another, so that one single layer of needle felt is made out of the two webs and the threads. The felt shows a fabric-like coherence and stability.
Due to the good stability and coherence of the needle felt produced by the needle punching no binder is required to bond the fibres together. The absence of binder enables the needle felt to have a considerable absorbent capacity. At the same time the parallel threads ensure a good tensile strength in one direction of the needle felt.
In the underlay of the drawing, the absorbent layer of the needle felt is combined with an impermeable plastics support or backing layer. The layer may be a plastics foil or film glued onto the felt. If desired, the plastics film may be also attached to the needle felt by coating, hot rolling or calendering, but this is not preferred since in this manner air may be enclosed easily. The plastics layer need not be of a pre-fabricated film roll, but it may also be obtained by roller-coating or spraying a layer of a plastics material onto the felt.
The support layer is to be impermeable so as not to transmit moisture. It can also have good mechanical properties, while it should also preferably be resistant to washing and sterilizing. In general, various materials are useful for the support layer. For an adhered or calendered layer, polyvinyl chloride is especially suited; however polyvinyl chloride is not easily washed and is also rather expensive. Polystyrene may be used but it may crumble soon. More suitable are polyesters and polypropene, preferably in the form of a film. A film of polyethylene terephthalate is preferred as it is moisture-proof, strong, flexible and tear resistant, resistant to water, acids, lyes, and solvents and also resistant to boiling. Such a film may be washed and sterilized.
If a layer of glue 4 is used for attaching the plastics film to the needle felt, the glue 4 should also preferably be resistant to high temperatures and chemicals, so that the overall resulting product may be washed and sterilized. For this purpose, polyacrylate glues are particularly suitable because they have a good adhesive power and are resistant to boiling.
In a particular embodiment of the underlay of the drawing, it comprises a layer of needle felt of 250 gr/m2 and a polyethyleneterephthalate film of 19 gr/m2 (with a thickness of 12 microns), glued together with polyacrylate adhesive. The layer of needle felt comprises two non-bonded fibre webs each of a mixture of 50% of cotton fibres and 50% of artificial cellulose fibres with an interior reinforcement of polyacrylonitrile threads, using 875 threads of Nm 27/1 per meter width (i.e. a length of 2700 meters of the thread weighs one kilogram and the thread is monofilamentary).
Using known machines for making the needle felt, the product forms lengths of about 190 cm width which may be cut to rectangular pieces of 80 to 90 cm width and about 100 cm length.
The end product obtained may be laid on a mattress of a bed (for example on top of the normal bottom sheet) under a patient for absorbing body fluids. They are particularly suitable for hospital beds but may also be used for family beds. Further they are useful as underlays under a table cover or as table cloth themselves so as to protect the table top against spilt fluids and hot objects.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS: 1. An underlay including (A) a layer of needle felt substantially free of binder, the felt having both faces thereof formed by fluid absorbent fibres and having a plurality of spaced threads arranged parallel to one another and internally of the felt between the faces for reinforcing the felt and (B) an impermeable backing layer of synthetic material adhered to one face of the felt.
2. An underlay according to claim 1 in which the needle felt, the parallel threads and the backing layer are of thermally and chemically resistant materials.
3. An underlay according to claim 1 or 2, in which the needle felt is made up of two webs of fibres on each side of the parallel threads.
4. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the needle felt contains a mixture of cotton fibres and artificial cellulose fibres.
5. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the needle felt contains a mixture of substantially equal amounts of cotton fibres and artificial cellulose fibres.
6. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the backing layer is a pre-formed non-fibrous layer applied to the needle felt layer or formed by coating the
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.

Claims (14)

**WARNING** start of CLMS field may overlap end of DESC **. underlay. In general, many materials may be used for the threads such as cotton, polyamides, polyacrylonitrile and polyester. Practically all these fibrous materials are resistant to washing and sterilizing. Polyacrylonitrile fibres are preferred because they are easily obtainable and have a low cost. The needle felt 1 may be manufactured, in the manner of the German Patent Specification 1,282,980. by first making non-bonded fibre webs in a carding machine or roving frame, then placing two fibre webs on each other with a layer of parallel threads therebetween and punching the combined layers through diagonally with needles from both sides. By punching through with the needles, the surface fibres are pushed out of the individual fibre webs through the material formed and entangled with one another, so that one single layer of needle felt is made out of the two webs and the threads. The felt shows a fabric-like coherence and stability. Due to the good stability and coherence of the needle felt produced by the needle punching no binder is required to bond the fibres together. The absence of binder enables the needle felt to have a considerable absorbent capacity. At the same time the parallel threads ensure a good tensile strength in one direction of the needle felt. In the underlay of the drawing, the absorbent layer of the needle felt is combined with an impermeable plastics support or backing layer. The layer may be a plastics foil or film glued onto the felt. If desired, the plastics film may be also attached to the needle felt by coating, hot rolling or calendering, but this is not preferred since in this manner air may be enclosed easily. The plastics layer need not be of a pre-fabricated film roll, but it may also be obtained by roller-coating or spraying a layer of a plastics material onto the felt. The support layer is to be impermeable so as not to transmit moisture. It can also have good mechanical properties, while it should also preferably be resistant to washing and sterilizing. In general, various materials are useful for the support layer. For an adhered or calendered layer, polyvinyl chloride is especially suited; however polyvinyl chloride is not easily washed and is also rather expensive. Polystyrene may be used but it may crumble soon. More suitable are polyesters and polypropene, preferably in the form of a film. A film of polyethylene terephthalate is preferred as it is moisture-proof, strong, flexible and tear resistant, resistant to water, acids, lyes, and solvents and also resistant to boiling. Such a film may be washed and sterilized. If a layer of glue 4 is used for attaching the plastics film to the needle felt, the glue 4 should also preferably be resistant to high temperatures and chemicals, so that the overall resulting product may be washed and sterilized. For this purpose, polyacrylate glues are particularly suitable because they have a good adhesive power and are resistant to boiling. In a particular embodiment of the underlay of the drawing, it comprises a layer of needle felt of 250 gr/m2 and a polyethyleneterephthalate film of 19 gr/m2 (with a thickness of 12 microns), glued together with polyacrylate adhesive. The layer of needle felt comprises two non-bonded fibre webs each of a mixture of 50% of cotton fibres and 50% of artificial cellulose fibres with an interior reinforcement of polyacrylonitrile threads, using 875 threads of Nm 27/1 per meter width (i.e. a length of 2700 meters of the thread weighs one kilogram and the thread is monofilamentary). Using known machines for making the needle felt, the product forms lengths of about 190 cm width which may be cut to rectangular pieces of 80 to 90 cm width and about 100 cm length. The end product obtained may be laid on a mattress of a bed (for example on top of the normal bottom sheet) under a patient for absorbing body fluids. They are particularly suitable for hospital beds but may also be used for family beds. Further they are useful as underlays under a table cover or as table cloth themselves so as to protect the table top against spilt fluids and hot objects. WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. An underlay including (A) a layer of needle felt substantially free of binder, the felt having both faces thereof formed by fluid absorbent fibres and having a plurality of spaced threads arranged parallel to one another and internally of the felt between the faces for reinforcing the felt and (B) an impermeable backing layer of synthetic material adhered to one face of the felt.
2. An underlay according to claim 1 in which the needle felt, the parallel threads and the backing layer are of thermally and chemically resistant materials.
3. An underlay according to claim 1 or 2, in which the needle felt is made up of two webs of fibres on each side of the parallel threads.
4. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the needle felt contains a mixture of cotton fibres and artificial cellulose fibres.
5. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the needle felt contains a mixture of substantially equal amounts of cotton fibres and artificial cellulose fibres.
6. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the backing layer is a pre-formed non-fibrous layer applied to the needle felt layer or formed by coating the
needle felt layer.
7. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the parallel threads are polyacrylonitrile threads.
8. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the backing layer comprises a film of polyester or polypropylene.
9. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 7 in which the backing layer comprises a film of polyethyleneterephthalate.
10. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the backing layer is glued to the face of the needle felt.
11. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the backing layer is glued to the face of the needle felt by a layer of a polyacrylate glue.
12. An underlay according to any of the preceding claims in which the needle felt includes non-bonded fibre webs on either side of the parallel threads which are mutually connected by needle punching.
13. An underlay substantially as described with reference to and as shown in the drawing.
14. A laminate for making an underlay according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 12 including (A) a layer of needle felt substantially free of binder, the felt having both faces thereof formed by absorbent fibres and having a plurality of spaced threads arranged parallel to one another and internally of the felt between the faces for reinforcing the felt and (B) an impermeable backing layer of synthetic material adhered to one face of the felt.
GB25652/78A 1977-12-09 1978-05-31 Underlays Expired GB1600768A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7713694A NL7713694A (en) 1977-12-09 1977-12-09 UNDERLAY.

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GB1600768A true GB1600768A (en) 1981-10-21

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0058489A1 (en) * 1981-02-11 1982-08-25 Dunlop Limited Prosthetic devices for pressure sores
AT388755B (en) * 1984-05-24 1989-08-25 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag FLEXIBLE, ADSORBENT COMPOSITE MATERIAL
FR2686628A1 (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-07-30 Perfojet Sa COMPLEX TEXTILE STRUCTURE BASED ON NON - WOVEN FIBROUS NAPPES AND METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR OBTAINING THE SAME.
DE9413289U1 (en) 1994-08-17 1994-10-20 Kirchner Industrie- und Handelsvertretungen GmbH, 70178 Stuttgart Fleece with a plastic film
EP0648878A1 (en) * 1993-10-11 1995-04-19 Lainiere De Picardie Thermobonded interlining material comprising a fiber layer mixed with texturised weft yarns and process for making the same

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0058489A1 (en) * 1981-02-11 1982-08-25 Dunlop Limited Prosthetic devices for pressure sores
AT388755B (en) * 1984-05-24 1989-08-25 Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag FLEXIBLE, ADSORBENT COMPOSITE MATERIAL
FR2686628A1 (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-07-30 Perfojet Sa COMPLEX TEXTILE STRUCTURE BASED ON NON - WOVEN FIBROUS NAPPES AND METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR OBTAINING THE SAME.
EP0554189A1 (en) * 1992-01-28 1993-08-04 Perfojet S.A. Process for manufacturing a textile laminate with non-woven fibrous layers
US5396689A (en) * 1992-01-28 1995-03-14 Perfojet Sa Process for obtaining a composite textile structure based on nonwoven fibrous sheets
EP0648878A1 (en) * 1993-10-11 1995-04-19 Lainiere De Picardie Thermobonded interlining material comprising a fiber layer mixed with texturised weft yarns and process for making the same
FR2711151A1 (en) * 1993-10-11 1995-04-21 Picardie Lainiere Interlining support comprising a web of fibers intermingled in weft yarns and its method of manufacture.
US5534330A (en) * 1993-10-11 1996-07-09 Lainiere De Picardie S.A. Thermobonding interlining comprising a layer of fibers intermingled with textured weft yarns and its production method
US5593533A (en) * 1993-10-11 1997-01-14 Lainiere De Picardie S.A. Thermobonding interlining comprising a layer of fibers intermingled with textured weft yarns and its production method
AU676939B2 (en) * 1993-10-11 1997-03-27 Lainiere De Picardie S.A. Thermobonding interlining comprising a layer of fibers intermingled with textured weft yarns and its production method
DE9413289U1 (en) 1994-08-17 1994-10-20 Kirchner Industrie- und Handelsvertretungen GmbH, 70178 Stuttgart Fleece with a plastic film

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