GB1583394A - Method and apparatus for sterilizing liquids - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for sterilizing liquids Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1583394A GB1583394A GB29812/77A GB2981277A GB1583394A GB 1583394 A GB1583394 A GB 1583394A GB 29812/77 A GB29812/77 A GB 29812/77A GB 2981277 A GB2981277 A GB 2981277A GB 1583394 A GB1583394 A GB 1583394A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- liquid
- ozone
- passes
- ultraviolet light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
- C02F1/325—Irradiation devices or lamp constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
- B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/234—Surface aerating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/234—Surface aerating
- B01F23/2341—Surface aerating by cascading, spraying or projecting a liquid into a gaseous atmosphere
- B01F23/23411—Surface aerating by cascading, spraying or projecting a liquid into a gaseous atmosphere by cascading the liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
- B01F23/2376—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
- B01F23/23761—Aerating, i.e. introducing oxygen containing gas in liquids
- B01F23/237612—Oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/237—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media
- B01F23/2376—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids characterised by the physical or chemical properties of gases or vapours introduced in the liquid media characterised by the gas being introduced
- B01F23/23761—Aerating, i.e. introducing oxygen containing gas in liquids
- B01F23/237613—Ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/22—Activated sludge processes using circulation pipes
- C02F3/226—"Deep shaft" processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/24—Activated sludge processes using free-fall aeration or spraying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D2101/00—Lawn-mowers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/32—Details relating to UV-irradiation devices
- C02F2201/322—Lamp arrangement
- C02F2201/3223—Single elongated lamp located on the central axis of a turbular reactor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
Description
(54) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STERILIZING LIQUIDS
(71) We, BOC Limited, of Hammersmith
House, London, W6 9DX, England, an
English company, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to the sterilization of liquids and in particular to the sterilization of liquids containing suspended solids or other impurities. Important embodiments of the invention relate to the sterilization of aqueous media including, by way of example, secondary effluent from sewage works, swimming pool water and municipal drinking water.
The term " sterilization" as used in this specification refers to the killing of bacteria or other micro-biological species present in the water. Although in some cases total sterilization will be achieved, the term as used in the present specification is not restricted only to cases in which the entire population of all micro-biological species present is eliminated.
The use of ultraviolet light for sterilizing clean water is well known and the most effective wavelength is around 2,500
Angstrom units. The method of sterilization has not proved very effective in sterilizing water containing suspended solid impurities such as, for example, sewage plant secondary effluent which typically contains suspended solids at concentrations of 30 mg/l or so. The presence of opaque or light absorbing matter protects a proportion of the bacteria from the ultraviolet light rays and a complete kill is not then possible.
The U.V. sterilization process is known to be sometimes dependent on molecular oxygen being generated by the ultraviolet light.
Strong oxidizing agents such as chlorine or ozone have been used to obtain satisfactory kills since these chemical agents can be dissolved or dispensed throughout the liquid and are therefore less susceptible to the inhibiting effects of suspended solids.
Ultraviolet light is known to produce low concentrations of ozone (less than 0-1%) by direct irradiation of air, but energy requirements are higher than other commercial methods of generating ozone. It is, however, known that ozone yields can be increased by irradiating pure oxygen instead of air. The best wavelength for ozone generation is 1850 Angstrom units.
In commercial ozone generators it is known that moisture reduces the efficiency of ozone generators. If pure dry oxygen rather than dry air is fed into the ozone generator the output of the generator can be increased by about 2 5 times without any increase in power consumption.
According to the present invention, a method of sterilizing a liquid comprises the steps of bringing said liquid into turbulent contact with oxygen gas containing a minor concentration of ozone and subsequently irradiating the liquid with ultraviolet light.
Preferably, the ozone is produced in situ by ultraviolet irradiation of oxygen gas.
The necessary turbulent contact between the liquid and the gas may conveniently be achieved by downward entrainment of bubbles of the ozone enriched oxygen in a column of liquid flowing through a treatment duct. Although having more general application, the invention is particularly suitable for the treatment of secondary effluent from a sewage treatment plant which may be of the type described in the present applicant's Australian Patent number 491502. A sterilizer according to the present invention may be used to replace the chlorination tank 36 shown in the figure of this Australian patent.
In an embodiment described hereinafter, there is provided a method and apparatus which uses small quantities of ozone generated by the irradiation of pure dry oxygen with ultraviolet light to sterilize secondary effluents from a sewage treatment plant. The resulting sterilization is as reliable and effective as sodium hypochlorite ,and chlorine sterilization commonly used in Australia. It produces a sterile water with relatively high dissolved oxygen level which is beneficial to the natural receiving waters.
By way of example, a presently contemplated plant according to the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing, which is a schematic drawing of a sterilization plant according to the present invention which may be used in conjunction with a sewage treatment plant of the type described in the specification of
Australian Patent number 491502.
In operation, secondary effluent overflows from the final clarifier 1 of a sewage treatment plant, and passes through a U tube water seal 2. The unsterilized water cascades through a pocket 3 of oxygen consisting of recycle oxygen and make up ozonated oxygen, at the top of a columnar duct 4. On hitting the interface 5 at the head of the liquid in duct 4, the potential energy lost in the cascade is dissipated in the formation of many small bubbles which are entrained down duct 4 in turbulent confusion. During passage down the duct, dissolved oxygen is built up to approx 20mug/1, a concentration which is well above that attainable using air. Owing to the concentration of ozone in the oxygen, a substantial portion of bacteria and other micro-organisms in the liquid are killed.
The oxygenated and partly sterilized liquid passes with entrained excess oxygen bubbles around a U bend 6 at the base of duct 4, and into an ultraviolet irradiation column 7.
The irradiation column 7 comprises an outer cylindrical wall 8, and a concentric inner quartz glass cylindrical wall 9, which together define an annular liquid passage
10. Running concentrically within the tube defined by wall 9 is a tubular mercury vapour lamp 11 which is connected to a power supply (not shown) to produce ultraviolet light of a suitable wavelength. Quartz wall 9 and lamp 11 together define an annular chamber 12 through which pure, dry oxygen gas from a feed source (not shown) passes on its way to pocket 3. The action of ultraviolet light from lamp 11 on the oxygen passing through annular chamber 12 converts some of the oxygen to ozone, thereby providing a source of ozone at the top of treatment duct 4.
The major part of the ultraviolet light from lamp 11 passes through quartz glass wall 9 into liquid passage 10, where it generates molecular oxygen and irradiates the liquid, thereby completing the killing of bacteria and other micro-organisms.
The sterilized water with entrained oxygen bubbles passes out of irradiation column 7 into a horizontal section 13 of piping where the oxygen bubbles rise and coalesce tb' escape'through an oxygen recycle line 14.
The sterilized water which is now substantially free from bacteria and oxygen bubbles passes through a water seal 15 and is discharged to the environment at 16.
Recycling oxygen is diluted with other gases dissolved in the secondary effluent, mainly nitrogen and carbon dioxide. These gases will build up in the recycling oxygen unless they are bled off. A small flow, equivalent to less than 25% of the oxygen feed, is therefore bled off at 17 to remove these dissolved gases. The remaining oxygen is recycled along line 18 and is mixed at 19 with make-up ozonated oxygen from chamber 9. Here oxygen is added to make up the oxygen lost in waste oxygen bleed 17, oxygen that has been consumed in chemical reactions (molecular oxygen reactions and ozone oxidations) and oxygen that passes out in solution to the environment at 16. The resulting mixture passes to gas pocket 3 for re-entrainment around the sterilization system.
Oxygen gas is cheaper than the more common sterilizing chemicals such as chlorine, chloride of lime, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide. The present invention consumes oxygen plus a relatively small amount of electrical power for ultraviolet light generation. This power consumption is much less than would be required to generate ozone from air or oxygen by known methods of sterilization.
It also requires much less equipment than that required to generate ozone by the present commercially available apparatus.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A method of sterilizing a liquid comprising the steps of bringing said liquid into turbulent contact with oxygen gas containing a minor concentration of ozone and subsequently irradiating the liquid with ultraviolet light.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which at least a portion of the ozone is produced by ultraviolet irradiation of the oxygen gas before it is brought into contact with the liquid.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the oxygen gas containing a minor portion of ozone is entrained in the form of bubbles in a downwardly flowing column of said liquid.
4. A method according to any one of
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (7)
1. A method of sterilizing a liquid comprising the steps of bringing said liquid into turbulent contact with oxygen gas containing a minor concentration of ozone and subsequently irradiating the liquid with ultraviolet light.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which at least a portion of the ozone is produced by ultraviolet irradiation of the oxygen gas before it is brought into contact with the liquid.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which the oxygen gas containing a minor portion of ozone is entrained in the form of bubbles in a downwardly flowing column of said liquid.
4. A method according to any one of
claims 1 to 3, in which said liquid is an aqueous liquid.
5. A method as claimed in claim 4, in which the liquid is secondary effluent from a sewage treatment plant.
6. A method of sterilizing secondary effluent substantially as described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
7. Apparatus for sterilizing secondary effluent substantially as described with reference to and as illustrated in the Figure of the accompanying drawing.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU666276 | 1976-07-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1583394A true GB1583394A (en) | 1981-01-28 |
Family
ID=3697232
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB29812/77A Expired GB1583394A (en) | 1976-07-16 | 1977-07-15 | Method and apparatus for sterilizing liquids |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB1583394A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2136790A (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-09-26 | Electricity Council | Method and apparatus for destroying pyrogenic materials in water |
| US4746489A (en) * | 1984-07-04 | 1988-05-24 | Yves Nold | Method for decontaminating and cleaning ocular prostheses, particularly contact lenses, and device for implementing such method |
| US5151174A (en) * | 1990-03-13 | 1992-09-29 | Rudolf Wiesmann | Installation for the disinfection of clarified sewage with uv apparatus built into siphons |
| EP0570756A1 (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1993-11-24 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Method for oxidizing organic compounds in water or waste water |
| WO2000068152A1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2000-11-16 | Milton Paul Pinel | Method and apparatus for fluid treatment by uv-radiation |
| CN102687696A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-26 | 天津鑫永丰水产养殖有限公司 | Liquid oxygen application synergism device for industrial aquaculture |
| RU2782889C1 (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-11-07 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЕВРОЛОС" | Decontamination unit |
-
1977
- 1977-07-15 GB GB29812/77A patent/GB1583394A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2136790A (en) * | 1983-03-16 | 1984-09-26 | Electricity Council | Method and apparatus for destroying pyrogenic materials in water |
| US4746489A (en) * | 1984-07-04 | 1988-05-24 | Yves Nold | Method for decontaminating and cleaning ocular prostheses, particularly contact lenses, and device for implementing such method |
| US5151174A (en) * | 1990-03-13 | 1992-09-29 | Rudolf Wiesmann | Installation for the disinfection of clarified sewage with uv apparatus built into siphons |
| EP0570756A1 (en) * | 1992-05-21 | 1993-11-24 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Method for oxidizing organic compounds in water or waste water |
| WO2000068152A1 (en) * | 1999-05-05 | 2000-11-16 | Milton Paul Pinel | Method and apparatus for fluid treatment by uv-radiation |
| CN102687696A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-26 | 天津鑫永丰水产养殖有限公司 | Liquid oxygen application synergism device for industrial aquaculture |
| RU2782889C1 (en) * | 2022-03-22 | 2022-11-07 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "ЕВРОЛОС" | Decontamination unit |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSNS | Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed |