GB1577901A - Infra-red radiation device supply arrangement - Google Patents
Infra-red radiation device supply arrangement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB1577901A GB1577901A GB1855877A GB1855877A GB1577901A GB 1577901 A GB1577901 A GB 1577901A GB 1855877 A GB1855877 A GB 1855877A GB 1855877 A GB1855877 A GB 1855877A GB 1577901 A GB1577901 A GB 1577901A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- infra
- housing
- devices
- red radiation
- bundles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene group Chemical group C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004334 oxygen containing inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002760 rocket fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
- F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
- F42B12/70—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Description
(54) INFRA-RED RADIATION DEVICE SUPPLY ARRANGEMENT
(71) We, DYNAMIT NOBEL AKTIENGESELL- SCHAFT, a German Company, of 521 Troisdorf,
Near Cologne, Germany, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:
This invention relates to an arrangement for the supply of ignited infra-red radiation devices into the atmosphere to act as decoys for infrared detecting devices.
Infra-red radiation devices which are able simultaneously to reflect radar beams are described and claimed in our British Patent
Specification No. 1490473 and German Offenlegungschrift No. 2 614 196 and comprise a metal foil having an incendiary composition in direct contact with one side thereof and the opposite side of the foil having a dark coloured layer or coating. Such devices can be ignited, either by a flame or with the aid of a pyrotechnic composition. In general, large numbers of such infra-red radiation devices are used simultaneously in order to generate a heat cloud which forms a decoy target and to deflect infra-red locating instruments away from a particular target which it is desired should not be detected.
Before use, the infra-red radiation devices are arranged in a storage container from which they have to be ejected. At the instant of ejection, the infra-red radiation devices must be already ignited, so that they are able to
develop their thermal radiation effect during
their free flight or descent. Before ejection,
the separate infra-red radiation devices may be
arranged as strips bunched in the storage con-, tainer.
According to the present invention, there is
provided a housing containing devices of the
type which when released into the atmosphere
are intended to form a decoying cloud of
devices undergoing combustion and emitting
infra-red radiation to prevent detection of a
target object which emits infra-red radiation,
the housing having a base element connected thereto by means of at least one connecting element of prescribed weakness and additionally containing a pyrotechnic composition for generating a gas pressure sufficient for rupturing the connecting element(s) and for igniting simultaneously an incendiary composition of said devices whereby said devices emit infra-red radiation.
It is preferred that the pyrotechnic composition be in diredt contact with the infra-red radiation emitting material, so that this material is already ignited before the housing base is ejected as a result of the action of the pyrotechnic composition. This direct contact is only unnecessary if the pyrotechnic composition generates sufficiently hot gasses to cause the ignition of the infra-red radiators or if the pyrotechnic composition burns with a flame.
Furthermore, it is preferable to arrange, between the pyrotechnic composition and the housing base, ignition ducts which are to be connected to one another. If the pyrotechnic composition is ignited by means of an igniting charge, as is usual practice, it is also necessary to arrange an ignition duct between the igniting charge and the pyrotechnic charge. It is preferred to dispose a central ignition duct in the middle of the housing, from which smaller ignition ducts branch off radially to pyrotechnic composition attached to the material for emitting infra-red radiation.
The material for emitting infra-red radiation is preferably a material of the type described and claimed in out British Patent Specification
No. 1 490 473 or in our German Offenlegungschrift No. 2 614 196. The incendiary compositions which emits the infra-red radiation can thus be a smokeless propellent charge powder, a black powder mixture, a mixture of potassium nitrate and boron in which the proportion of boron ranges from 5 to 20% by weight or a composite solid propellent comprising a substance capable of use as a solid rocket fuel and comprising an oxygen-containing inorganic salt and a cross-linkable synthetic plastics binder. Such radiationemitting devices will generally be arranged inside the housing as bunches or bundles; one or both ends of the bundles can then be coated with the pyrotechnic composition.
The pyrotechnic composition used for igniting the infra-red radiation emitting material and for pushing off the housing base can be any of the pyrotechnic compositions commonly employed for the non-destructive separation of housing parts which are connected to one another by elements which break off at predetermined points. Examples of such compositions are black powder mixtures and mixtures of potassium nitrate and boron, in which the proportion of boron can range from 5 to 20% by weight. When these mixtures are arranged on the ends of the bundles of the material emitting heat rays, it is advisable to thicken these compositions with binders in order to obtain a paste which can be brushed on.
Suitable binders for this purpose are solutions of nitrocellulose in a solvent such as ethyl acetate or acetone or lacquer binders based on polyacrylates, polyurethanes, polyvinylacetate or polymers of butadiene substituted by chlorine or methyl in the 2-position.
The housing in which the infra-red radiators are disposed can be constructed as the head of a rocket or of a shell. However, it is also possible for it to constitute an entire projectible body.
For a better understanding of the invention and to show how the same can be carried into effect, reference will now be made by way of example only, to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a rocket head embodying this invention, being fitted with infra-red radiation devices;
Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the same rocket head after the ejection of the rocket motor by means of the separating charge and the ignition of igniting layers;
Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through the same rocket head shortly after the ejection of a base element and some of the infra-red radiation device therefrom; and
Figure 4 shows in elevation a bundle of infra-red radiation devices in which the individual radiation devices are aseembled with an igniting layer to form a unit.
Referring to the drawings, a rocket head is shown comprising a casing tube 1 , a nose 2 (which may be screwed thereonto) and, at the rear end, in the sense of the flight direction, a base element 3 which is connected by shearing pins 6 to the casing tube and which is sealed with a sealing ring 7. The base element 3 accommodates several components.
A turned recess formed therein houses a separating charge 12 for use in ejecting a motor 5 from the rocket head after a prescribed time of flight, the charge 12 being in communication with an ignitor 11. An apertured ring 4 fitted with break-off screws or bolts 9 is fixed on the base element 3 and represents the junction zone between the rocket head and the motor 5. The rocket motor 5 is itself secured to the apertured ring 4 by means of screw bolts 8.
Furthermore, the base element 3 comprises a centrally disposed igniting charge 13, which may be provided with a delay-action means.
In fra-red radiation devices are packed in the rocket head in a number of bundles 16.
two such bundles being shown in Figures 1 and 2. These bundles are covered at their ends with a pyrotechnic composition 18, e.g. boron/ potassium nitrate (B/KN03) and have a central ignition duct 17. The bundles are axially damped against the base element 3 by means of an elastic spacer ring 10 in the nose 2.
Several radially extending ignition-transfer grooves (see Figure 4), are stamped out in the pyrotechnic compositions so as to enable simultaneous ignition of the entire pyrotechnic composition 18 to be achieved.
The sequence of events whereby ejection of the infra-red radiation devices takes place is as follows:
After a prescribed time of flight of the rocket, the separation charge 12 is initiated by the igniter 11 at the motor end. As a result of gas pressure build-up, the strength of the break-off screw bolts 9 is exceeded and the motor 5 is separated from the rocket head.
Simultaneously, or possibly with delay action, the igniter charge 13 is ignited by the separation charge 12. The initiating flame of this igniter charge 13 strikes through the central ignition duct 17 of the bundles of infra-red radiation devices 16 and initiates the layers 18 of pyrotechnic composition applied to the bundles.
As the pyrotechnic composition burns away, it generates such a gas pressure that the shearing strength of the shearing pins 6 is exceeded and the base element 3 is separated from the casing tube 1. The now-burning infra-red radiation devices 16 are now ejected in a direction opposite to the direction of flight, as a result of a pressure drop in the rocket head which is now open at one end. This manner of ejection involves the smallest possible loads for the infra-red radiation devices.
After the burning away of the igniting layer 18 the infra-red radiation devices separate from each other to form a "cloud" of separate radiation devices 20 by the operation of ejection and the flow of air. The combustible material inside the infra-red radiation devices continues to burn after the separate infra-red radiation devices 20 are released from the bundle 16.
WHAT WE CLAIM IS:
1. A housing containing devices of the type which when released into the atmosphere are intended to form a decoying cloud of devices undergoing combustion and emitting infra-red radiation to prevent detection of
**WARNING** end of DESC field may overlap start of CLMS **.
Claims (14)
1. A housing containing devices of the type which when released into the atmosphere are intended to form a decoying cloud of devices undergoing combustion and emitting infra-red radiation to prevent detection of
a target object which emits infra-red radiation, the housing having a base element connected thereto by means of at least one connecting element of prescribed weakness and additionally containing a pyrotechnic composition for generating a gas pressure sufficient for rupturing the conenting element(s) and for igniting simultaneously an incendiary composition of said devices whereby said devices emit infrared radiation.
2. A housing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pyrotechnic composition is disposed in direct contact with said devices.
3. A housing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein one or more ignition ducts extend between the base element and the pyrotechnic composition.
4. A housing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the said devices are arranged in bundles.
5. A housing as claimed in claim 4, wherein the bundles are cylindrical and the pyrotechnic composition is ppplied to the ends of the bundles.
6. A housing as claimed in claim 5, wherein the layers of pyrotechnic composition are provided with radially extending ignition transfer grooves.
7. A housing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the said devices comprise a metal foil having the incendiary composition in direct contact with one side thereof and the opposite side of the foil having a dark-coloured layer or coating.
8. A housing as claimed in claim 7, wherein the incendiary composition comprises a mixpropellant charge powder.
9. A housing as claimed in claim 7, wherein the incendiary composition is a black powder mixture.
10. A housing as claimed in claim 7, wherein the encendiary composition comprises a mixture of potassium nitrate and boron in which the proportion of boron ranges from 5 to 20% by weight.
11. A housing as claimed in claim 7, wherein the incendiary composition comprises a composite solid propellant comprising a substance capable of use as a solid rocket fuel and comprising an oxygen-containing inorganic salt and a cross-linkable synthetic plastics binder.
12. A housing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pyrotechnic composition is a black powder mixture or a mixture of potassium nitrate and boron in which the proportion of boron ranges from 5 to 20% by weight.
13. A housing as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which is the head of a rocket or of a shell or which is a projectile body.
14. A housing as claimed in claim 1, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to and as shown in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762619597 DE2619597A1 (en) | 1976-05-04 | 1976-05-04 | IGNITION DEVICE FOR INFRARED RADIATOR |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB1577901A true GB1577901A (en) | 1980-10-29 |
Family
ID=5976994
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1855877A Expired GB1577901A (en) | 1976-05-04 | 1977-05-03 | Infra-red radiation device supply arrangement |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| BE (1) | BE854254A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2619597A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2350576A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1577901A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1115921B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2283559A (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-05-10 | Secr Defence | Propelled pyrotechnic decoy flare |
| AU660914B1 (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-07-13 | Qinetiq Limited | High Intensity Infra-Red Pyrotechnic Decoy Flare |
| AU660915B1 (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-07-13 | Qinetiq Limited | Propelled Pyrotechnic Decoy Flare |
| US7441503B1 (en) | 1996-06-17 | 2008-10-28 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Expendable infra-red radiating means |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3113406A1 (en) * | 1981-04-03 | 1982-12-16 | Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch den Bundesminister der Verteidigung, dieser vertreten durch den Präsidenten des Bundesamtes für Wehrtechnik und Beschaffung, 5400 Koblenz | Firing chain for propulsion charges of tube weapons |
| FR2716258A1 (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-08-18 | Secr Defence Brit | Aircraft-launched pyrotechnic decoy flare |
| DE4230826C1 (en) * | 1992-09-15 | 1994-03-03 | Buck Chem Tech Werke | Camouflage method for protecting a military object and camouflage particles for its implementation |
| DE102019126466A1 (en) * | 2019-10-01 | 2021-04-01 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Active body and method for igniting an active body |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE307160C (en) * | ||||
| US1175800A (en) * | 1915-08-13 | 1916-03-14 | Lewis Nixon | Incendiary projectile. |
| US1366555A (en) * | 1918-12-30 | 1921-01-25 | Brayton Harold Morgan | Illuminating-shell |
| GB259539A (en) * | 1925-10-12 | 1927-07-21 | Bohdan Pantoflicek | Improvements in or relating to bombs or the like |
| FR712390A (en) * | 1930-04-26 | 1931-10-01 | Anciens Ets Skoda | Projectiles, mines, bombs or other incendiary engines |
| DE768134C (en) * | 1940-01-27 | 1957-01-17 | Wasagchemie Ag | Phosphor fire bullet |
-
1976
- 1976-05-04 DE DE19762619597 patent/DE2619597A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1977
- 1977-05-02 IT IT4922777A patent/IT1115921B/en active
- 1977-05-03 GB GB1855877A patent/GB1577901A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-05-03 FR FR7713375A patent/FR2350576A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-05-04 BE BE177264A patent/BE854254A/en unknown
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2283559A (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-05-10 | Secr Defence | Propelled pyrotechnic decoy flare |
| AU660914B1 (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-07-13 | Qinetiq Limited | High Intensity Infra-Red Pyrotechnic Decoy Flare |
| AU660915B1 (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-07-13 | Qinetiq Limited | Propelled Pyrotechnic Decoy Flare |
| GB2283559B (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1995-11-08 | Secr Defence | Propelled pyrotechnic decoy flare |
| US5561260A (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1996-10-01 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Propelled pyrotechnic decoy flare |
| US7441503B1 (en) | 1996-06-17 | 2008-10-28 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Expendable infra-red radiating means |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2350576A1 (en) | 1977-12-02 |
| DE2619597A1 (en) | 1977-11-17 |
| IT1115921B (en) | 1986-02-10 |
| BE854254A (en) | 1977-09-01 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSNS | Application of which complete specification have been accepted and published, but patent is not sealed |