FR3113245A1 - Cosmetic composition comprising anionic and amphoteric surfactants, a cationic polymer, at least 2% solid fatty alcohol and a particular amino silicone; and process - Google Patents

Abstract

Cosmetic composition comprising anionic and amphoteric surfactants, a cationic polymer, at least 2% solid fatty alcohol and a particular amino silicone; and process The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition, in particular for hair, comprising one or more anionic surfactants, one or more amphoteric surfactants, one or more cationic polymers, one or more solid fatty alcohols, the total content of solid fatty alcohols being greater than or equal to 2 % by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and one or more amino silicones with hydrocarbon end groups comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms. A subject of the invention is also a process for the cosmetic treatment of keratin materials, in particular for washing and/or conditioning the hair, using the said cosmetic composition.

Description

Cosmetic composition comprising anionic and amphoteric surfactants, a cationic polymer, at least 2% solid fatty alcohol and a particular amino silicone; and process

The present invention relates to a cosmetic, in particular hair, composition comprising one or more anionic surfactants, one or more amphoteric surfactants, one or more specific amino silicones, one or more fatty alcohols, and one or more cationic polymers; as well as a cosmetic treatment method, in particular of the hair, implementing it.

Hair can be damaged and weakened by the action of external atmospheric agents such as light and bad weather, and/or by mechanical or chemical treatments such as brushing, combing, coloring, bleaching, perms and /or straightening.

To remedy these drawbacks, it is now customary to have recourse to hair compositions which make it possible to condition the hair following these treatments in order to give it in particular shine, softness, suppleness, lightness , a natural touch as well as detangling properties.

These hair compositions can in particular be both cleansing and conditioning compositions, such as conditioning shampoos for example. These compositions generally have good washing power, but the cosmetic properties provided can still be improved; conditioning agents, such as silicones, are then generally included in these shampoos; however, these hair compositions do not necessarily give complete satisfaction and can still be improved, in particular as regards the deposition of conditioning agents on the keratin fibres.

In particular, washing compositions are sought which make it possible, on the one hand, to generate an abundant foam of good quality, and to make the hair clean and shiny, and, on the other hand, to give the hair improved cosmetic properties, in particular in terms of detangling, softness, smoothness to the touch and visually, suppleness, coating of the fiber and shine.

It is up to the applicant to have demonstrated that a particular choice of amino silicones associated with fatty alcohols, made it possible to solve this problem, and to meet this demand from consumers, to obtain compositions having the detergent and cleansing properties of a shampoo, combined with the cosmetic properties of a detangling treatment.

The subject of the present invention is therefore a cosmetic composition, preferably for the hair, comprising:

(i) one or more anionic surfactants,

(ii) one or more amphoteric surfactants,

(iii) one or more cationic polymers,

(iv) one or more solid fatty alcohols, the total content of solid fatty alcohols being greater than or equal to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and

(v) one or more amino silicones with hydrocarbon end groups comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

The composition according to the invention has a satisfactory foaming power. It allows to obtain a dense and progressive foam, different from that of classic shampoos, very creamy and abundant, which spreads easily on the keratin fibers and which is easily removed by rinsing.

The composition according to the invention also makes it possible to improve the cosmetic properties imparted to keratin fibers, in particular to hair, in particular sensitized. In particular, it makes it possible to obtain a level of care immediately perceptible to users, which is characterized by improved and facilitated disentangling, suppleness of the hair, smoothness to the touch and visually of the hair, as well as coating of the fibers . These properties make it possible to confer a good level of perception of care given to the hair, without having a heavy feel (no “build-up” effect).

The composition according to the invention advantageously has a thick, unctuous texture, pleasant to the touch and close to that of a hair care mask; it can be picked up by hand and applied to the hair to develop a creamy lather after massaging the scalp.

Advantageously, the composition according to the invention has a viscosity measured at 25° C., 1 atm ranging from 200 to 10,000 cps (0.2 to 10 Pa.s), preferably from 500 to 8,000 cps (0.5 to 8 Pa.s .s), preferably from 1000 to 7000 cps (1 to 7 Pa.s).

The viscosity can be measured using a Rhéomat RM180, at 25°C, 1 atm, with a spindle 3 or 4, the speed of rotation being 200 rpm and the measurement time 30 seconds, the shear rate being 200 s ^-1 .

The composition according to the invention also has the advantage of being stable on storage both at ambient temperature (20-25° C.) and at 45° C., in particular in terms of its visual appearance and/or its viscosity. By "stable" is meant within the meaning of the present invention a composition which, after two months of storage, shows no change in appearance, color, odor or viscosity.

In the present description, the expression "at least one" is equivalent to the expression "one or more" and can be substituted therefor; the expression "included between" is equivalent to the expression "ranging from" and can be substituted there, which implies that the terminals are included.

1/ Amino silicones

The composition according to the invention comprises one or more amino silicones with hydrocarbon end groups comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

Amino silicone means any silicone comprising at least one primary, secondary, tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium group.

The amino silicones according to the invention comprise one or more hydrocarbon end groups comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, said groups possibly being hydroxylated and/or comprising one or more heteroatoms, in particular O.

By terminal groups, it is meant within the meaning of the present invention that said groups are located in the alpha and omega positions of the main silicone chain, that is to say at each end of the main silicone chain.

The hydrocarbon group comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms can be an alkyl chain R, linear or branched, saturated or established, preferably saturated, comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 28 carbon atoms, in particular 12 to 24 carbon atoms.

The hydrocarbon group can also comprise an oxygen atom, and thus be an alkoxylated chain (-O-R) with R = alkyl chain, linear or branched, saturated or established, preferably saturated, comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 28 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 24 carbon atoms.

Said alkyl chains R can optionally be substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups (OH).

The amino silicones with hydrocarbon end groups that can be used in the context of the invention can in particular be chosen from, alone or as a mixture, the silicones of formula (II):

in which :

- n is a number between 1 and 1000, preferably between 10 and 500, better between 25 and 100, even better between 50 and 80;

- m is a number between 1 and 200, preferably between 1 and 100, better between 1 and 10 and even better between 1 and 5;

- R''', identical or different, preferably identical, are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 24 carbon atoms, in particular 12 to 18 carbon; said radicals possibly being substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups OH;

- R′ is a divalent linear or branched alkylene radical, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 5 carbon atoms;

- R'' is a linear or branched divalent alkylene radical, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular 1 to 5 carbon atoms.

Preferably, the R''', identical or different, are saturated linear alkyl radicals comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 24 carbon atoms, in particular 12 to 18 carbon atoms; mention may in particular be made of the dodecyl, C13, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl radicals; preferably the R ''', identical or different, are chosen from saturated linear alkyl radicals having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, in particular C13, C14, C15, alone or as a mixture, and better still represent a mixture of C13, C14 and C15.

Preferably, the R''' are identical.

Preferably, R′ is a linear or branched, preferably branched, divalent alkylene radical comprising 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 5 carbon atoms; in particular a -CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2- or -CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)- radical.

Preferably, R'' is a divalent linear alkylene radical comprising 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular 1 to 4 carbon atoms; in particular a radical -CH2-CH2-.

Preferably, the composition may comprise one or more silicones of formula (II) in which:

- n is a number between 50 and 80;

- m is a number between 1 and 5;

- R''', identical, are saturated linear alkyl radicals comprising from 12 to 18 carbon atoms;

- R' is a divalent alkylene radical having 2 to 5 carbon atoms,

- R’’ is a divalent linear alkylene radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

Even better, the composition may comprise one or more silicones of formula (II) in which:

- n is a number between 50 and 80;

- m is a number between 1 and 5;

- R''', identical, are saturated linear alkyl radicals comprising from 13 to 15 carbon atoms;

- R' is a radical –(CH ₂ ) ₃ -, -CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2- or –CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)-, and

- R'' is a radical –(CH ₂ ) ₂ -.

A very particularly preferred silicone of formula (II) is Bis(C13-15 alkoxy) PG Amodimethicone (INCI name).

Mention may in particular be made of the silicone marketed under the name “DOWSIL 8500 Conditioning agent” by DOW.

The composition according to the invention preferably comprises said amino silicone(s) with hydrocarbon end groups in a total amount ranging from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.5 at 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

2/ Solid fatty alcohol

The cosmetic composition according to the invention also comprises one or more solid fatty alcohols, in particular containing 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

By solid fatty alcohol is meant a fatty alcohol which is solid at 25° C., 1 atm.

They are advantageously non-glycerolated and non-oxyalkylenated.

They preferably correspond to the formula R—OH in which R is a hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally comprising one or more OH groups.

Preferably, R comprises from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, or even from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.

Preferably, R is a saturated, linear or branched radical; better saturated linear.

Preferably, R is a linear saturated radical, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, better still from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, even better still from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and not comprising any hydroxyl group.

The solid fatty alcohols which can be used are preferably chosen from saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, preferably saturated and linear, alcohols comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, better still from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, even better from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and advantageously not comprising any hydroxyl group. Mention may be made of myristic alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and their mixture cetyl stearyl alcohol.

Preferably, the composition comprises one or more solid fatty alcohols, chosen in particular from myristic alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and cetyl stearyl alcohol.

The composition according to the invention comprises the solid fatty alcohol(s) in a total content greater than or equal to 2% by weight, in particular greater than or equal to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition; preferably, the total content may be between 2 and 20% by weight, better still between 3 and 15% by weight, preferably between 4 and 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

3/ Anionic surfactants

The cosmetic composition according to the invention comprises one or more anionic surfactants.

By anionic surfactant is meant a surfactant comprising as ionic or ionizable groups only anionic groups.

In the present description, an entity is qualified as being "anionic" when it has at least one permanent negative charge or when it can be ionized into a negatively charged entity, under the conditions of use of the composition of the invention. (medium, pH for example) and not comprising any cationic charge.

The anionic surfactants can be sulphate, sulphonate and/or carboxylic (or carboxylate) surfactants. It is of course possible to use a mixture of these surfactants.

It is understood in this description that:

- the carboxylate anionic surfactants comprise at least one carboxylic or carboxylate function (-COOH or -COO ^- ), and may optionally also comprise one or more sulphate and/or sulphonate functions;

- the sulphonate anionic surfactants comprise at least one sulphonate function (-SO ₃ H or -SO ₃ ^– ), and may optionally also comprise one or more sulphate functions, but do not comprise a carboxylate function; And

- the sulphate anionic surfactants comprise at least one sulphate function but do not comprise a carboxylate or sulphonate function.

The carboxylic anionic surfactants that can be used therefore contain at least one carboxylic or carboxylate function (-COOH or ^-COO- ).

They can be chosen from the following compounds: acylglycinates, acyllactylates, acylsarcosinates, acylglutamates; alkyl ether carboxylic acids, alkyl(aryl C6-30) ether carboxylic acids, alkyl-D-galactoside-uronic acids, alkylamido ether carboxylic acids; as well as the salts of these compounds; the alkyl and/or acyl groups of these compounds comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 28, even better from 14 to 24, or even from 16 to 22 carbon atoms; the aryl group preferably designating a phenyl or benzyl group; these compounds possibly being polyoxyalkylenated, in particular polyoxyethylenated and then preferably comprising from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units, better still from 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.

It is also possible to use monoesters of C6-C24 alkyl and of polyglycoside-polycarboxylic acids such as C6-C24 alkyl polyglycoside-citrates, C6-C24 alkyl polyglycoside-tartrates and polyglycoside-sulfosuccinates C6-C24 alkyl, and their salts.

Among the carboxylic surfactants above, mention may very particularly be made of polyoxyalkylenated alkyl(amido)ether carboxylic acids and their salts, in particular those comprising from 2 to 50 alkylene oxide groups, in particular of ethylene, such as the compounds offered by the company KAO under the names AKYPO,

The polyoxyalkylenated alkyl(amido)ether carboxylic acids which can be used are preferably chosen from those of formula (1):

R _1' –(OC ₂ H ₄ ) _n' –OCH ₂ COOA (1)

in which :

- R _1' represents a linear or branched C6-C24 alkyl or alkenyl radical, a (C8-C9)alkylphenyl radical, a radical R _2'CONH -CH2-CH2- with R _2' denoting a linear alkyl or alkenyl radical or branched at C9-C21; preferably R _1' is a C8-C20, preferably C8-C18, alkyl radical;

- n' is an integer or decimal number (average value) ranging from 2 to 24, preferably from 2 to 10,

- A denotes H, ammonium, Na, K, Li, Mg or a monoethanolamine or triethanolamine residue.

It is also possible to use mixtures of compounds of formula (1), in particular mixtures of compounds having different R _{1 '} groups.

Particularly preferred polyoxyalkylenated alkyl(amido)ether carboxylic acids are those of formula (1) in which:

- R _{1 '} denotes a linear or branched C8-C22 alkyl radical, in particular C10-C16, or even C12-C14, or alternatively a (C8-C9)alkylphenyl radical;

- A denotes a hydrogen or sodium atom, and

- n’ varies from 2 to 20, preferably from 2 to 10.

Even more preferably, compounds of formula (1) are used in which R _{1 '} denotes a C12-C14 alkyl, cocoyl, oleyl, nonylphenyl or octylphenyl radical, A denotes a hydrogen or sodium atom and n' varies from 2 to 10.

Among the commercial products, the products sold by the company KAO under the names:

AKYPO® NP 70 (R ₁ = nonylphenyl, n=7, A=H)

AKYPO® NP 40 (R ₁ = nonylphenyl, n=4, A=H)

AKYPO®OP 40 (R ₁ = octylphenyl, n=4, A=H)

AKYPO® OP 80 (R ₁ = octylphenyl, n=8, A=H)

AKYPO® OP 190 (R ₁ = octylphenyl, n=19, A=H)

AKYPO® RLM 38 (R ₁ =C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=4, A=H)

AKYPO® RLM 38 NV (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=4, A=Na)

AKYPO® RLM 45 CA (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=4.5, A=H)

AKYPO® RLM 45 NV (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=4.5, A=Na)

AKYPO® RLM 100 (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=10, A=H)

AKYPO® RLM 100 NV (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=10, A=Na)

AKYPO® RLM 130 (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=13, A=H)

AKYPO® RLM 160 NV (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=16, A=Na),

or by SANDOZ under the names:

SANDOPAN DTC-Acid (R ₁ = C ₁₃ alkyl, n=6, A=H)

SANDOPAN DTC (R ₁ = C ₁₃ alkyl, n=6, A=Na)

SANDOPAN LS 24 (R ₁ = C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ alkyl, n=12, A=Na)

SANDOPAN JA 36 (R ₁ = C ₁₃ alkyl, n=18, A=H),

and more particularly, the products sold under the following names:

AKYPO® RLM 45 (INCI: Laureth-5 carboxylic acid), AKYPO®RLM 100 and AKYPO® RLM 38.

Preferably, the anionic carboxylic surfactants are chosen from, alone or as a mixture:

- acylglutamates, in particular C6-C24, or even C12-C20, such as stearoylglutamates, and in particular disodium stearoylglutamate;

- acylsarcosinates, in particular C6-C24, or even C12-C20, such as palmitoylsarcosinates, and in particular sodium palmitoylsarcosinate;

- acyllactylates, in particular C12-C28, or even C14-C24, such as behe-noyllactylates, and in particular sodium behenoyllactylate;

- C6-C24 acylglycinates, in particular C12-C20;

- alkyl (C6-C24) ether carboxylates, and in particular alkyl (C12-C20) ether carboxylates; in particular those comprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups;

- polyoxyalkylenated alkyl(C6-C24)amidoether carboxylic acids, in particular those comprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups;

in particular in acid form or in the form of alkali or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or aminoalcohol salts.

Preferably, polyoxyalkylenated (C ₆ -C ₂₄ )alkyl ether carboxylic acids and their salts are used.

The sulphonate anionic surfactants capable of being used comprise at least one sulphonate function (-SO ₃ H or -SO ₃ ^– ). They can be chosen from the following compounds: alkylsulfonates, alkylethersulfonates, alkylamidesulfonates, alkylarylsulfonates, alpha-olefinsulfonates, paraffinsulfonates, alkylsulfosuccinates, alkylethersulfosuccinates, alkylamidesulfosuccinates, alkylsulfoacetates, N-acyltaurates, acylisethionates; alkylsulfolaurates; as well as the salts of these compounds;

the alkyl groups of these compounds comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 28, even better from 14 to 24, or even from 16 to 22, carbon atoms; the aryl group preferably designating a phenyl or benzyl group;

these compounds possibly being polyoxyalkylenated, in particular polyoxyethylenated and then preferably comprising from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units, better still from 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.

Preferably, the sulphonate anionic surfactants are chosen from, alone or as a mixture:

- C6-C24 olefinsulfonates, in particular C12-C20,

- C6-C24, in particular C12-C20, alkylsulfosuccinates, in particular laurylsulfosuccinates.

- C6-C24, in particular C12-C20, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates;

- (C6-C24)acylisethionates, preferably (C12-C18)acylisethionates,

in particular in the form of alkali or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or aminoalcohol salts.

The sulphate anionic surfactants capable of being used comprise at least one sulphate function (-OSO ₃ H or -OSO ₃ ^- ).

They can be chosen from the following compounds: alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkylamido ether sulphates, alkylaryl polyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates; as well as the salts of these compounds;

the alkyl groups of these compounds comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 28, even better from 14 to 24, or even from 16 to 22, carbon atoms; the aryl group preferably designating a phenyl or benzyl group;

these compounds possibly being polyoxyalkylenated, in particular polyoxyethylenated and then preferably comprising from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units, better still from 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.

Preferably, the sulfate anionic surfactants are chosen from, alone or as a mixture:

- alkyl sulphates, in particular C6-C24, or even C12-C20, and

- alkyl ether sulfates, in particular C6-C24, or even C12-C20, preferably comprising from 1 to 20 ethylene oxide units;

in particular in the form of alkali or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or aminoalcohol salts.

When the anionic surfactant is in the form of a salt, said salt may be chosen from alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium salt, ammonium salts, amine salts and in particular amino alcohol salts, and alkaline earth metal salts such as magnesium salt.

As examples of salts of amino alcohols, mention may be made of mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts, mono-, di- or tri-isopropanolamine salts, 2-amino 2-methyl 1-propanol, 2- amino 2-methyl 1,3-propanediol and tris(hydroxymethyl)amino methane.

Salts of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, and in particular sodium or magnesium salts, are preferably used.

Preferably, the anionic surfactants are chosen from, alone or as a mixture,

- C6-C24 alkyl sulphates, in particular C12-C20,

- C6-C24 alkyl ether sulphates, in particular C12-C20; preferably comprising from 1 to 20 ethylene oxide units;

- C6-C24 alkylsulfosuccinates, in particular C12-C20;

- C6-C24 olefinsulfonates, in particular C12-C20,

- C6-C24, in particular C12-C20, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates;

- (C6-C24)acylisethionates, preferably (C12-C18)acylisethionates,

- C6-C24 acylsarcosinates, in particular C12-C20;

- alkyl (C6-C24) ether carboxylates, preferably alkyl (C12-C20) ether carboxylates; in particular those comprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide groups;

- polyoxyalkylenated (C6-C24)alkylamidoethercarboxylic acids and their salts, in particular those comprising from 2 to 50 alkylene oxide groups, in particular ethylene oxide groups;

- C6-C24 acylglutamates, in particular C12-C20;

- C6-C24 acylglycinates, in particular C12-C20;

in particular in acid form or in the form of alkali or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or aminoalcohol salts.

Preferably, the composition comprises one or more sulphate anionic surfactants, preferably one or more C6-C24 alkyl sulphates, in particular C12-C20, and/or one or more C6-C24 alkyl ether sulphates, in particular C12-C20; preferably comprising from 1 to 20 ethylene oxide units; particularly in the form of alkali or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or aminoalcohol salts.

Even more preferentially, the composition according to the invention comprises one or more anionic surfactants chosen from C6-C24, in particular C12-C20, alkyl sulphates, and one or more anionic surfactants chosen from C6-C24, in particular C12- C20, preferably comprising from 1 to 20 ethylene oxide units; these surfactants being more particularly in the form of alkali or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or aminoalcohol salts.

The anionic surfactant(s) are preferably present in the composition according to the invention in a total amount ranging from 1 to 30% by weight, in particular from 1 to 25% by weight, better still from 2 to 20% by weight, even better still 3 to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

Better still, the composition according to the invention comprises the sulphate anionic surfactant(s) in a total amount preferably ranging from 1 to 30% by weight, in particular from 1 to 25% by weight, better still from 2 to 20% by weight, even better from 3 to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

4/ Amphoteric surfactants

The composition according to the invention also comprises one or more amphoteric surfactants.

In particular, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) are non-silicone. They may in particular be derivatives of secondary or tertiary aliphatic amines, optionally quaternized, in which the aliphatic group is a linear or branched chain comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, said amine derivatives containing at least one anionic group such as , for example, a carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate group.

Mention may in particular be made of (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkyl betaines, (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkyl sulfobetaines, (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkylamido(C ₃ -C ₈ )alkyl betaines and (C 8 -C 8 )alkyl betaines and (C 8 -C 20 )alkyl betaines ₈ -C ₂₀ )-amid(C ₆ -C ₈ )alkylsulfobetaines.

Among the derivatives of secondary or tertiary aliphatic amines, optionally quaternized which can be used, as defined above, mention may also be made of the compounds of respective structures (II) and (III) below:

R _a -CONHCH ₂ CH ₂ -N ⁺ (R _b )(R _c )-CH ₂ COO ^- , M ⁺ , X ^- (II)

in which :

- R _a represents a C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group derived from an acid R _a COOH, preferably present in hydrolyzed coconut oil, a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl group;

- R _b represents a beta-hydroxyethyl group; And

- R _c represents a carboxymethyl group;

- M ⁺ represents a cationic counter ion from an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion from an organic amine, and

- X ^- represents an organic or inorganic anionic counter ion, such as that chosen from halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates, alkyl (C ₁ -C ₄ )sulfates, alkyl (C ₁ -C ₄ )- or alkyl (C ₁ -C ₄ )aryl-sulphonates, in particular methyl sulphate and ethyl sulphate; or else M ⁺ and X ^- are absent;

R _a' -CONHCH ₂ CH ₂ -N(B)(B') (III)

years which:

- B represents the -CH ₂ CH ₂ OX'group;

- B' represents the group -(CH ₂ ) _z Y', with z=1 or 2;

- X' represents the group -CH ₂ COOH, -CH ₂ -COOZ', -CH ₂ CH ₂ COOH, CH ₂ CH ₂ -COOZ', or a hydrogen atom;

- Y' represents the group –COOH, -COOZ', -CH ₂ CH(OH)SO ₃ H or the group CH ₂ CH(OH)SO ₃ -Z';

- Z' represents a cationic counter ion from an alkali or alkaline earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion from an organic amine;

- R _{a '} represents a C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid R _a' -COOH preferably present in coconut oil or in hydrolyzed linseed oil, an alkyl group, in particular C ₁₇ and its iso form, an unsaturated C ₁₇ group.

These compounds are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5th edition, 1993, under the names disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodiacetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodium capryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, disodium capryloamphodipropionate, acid lauroamphodipropionic acid, cocoamphodipropionic acid.

By way of example, mention may be made of the cocoamphodiacetate marketed by the company RHODIA under the trade name MIRANOL® C2M concentrate.

It is also possible to use compounds of formula (IV):

R _a'' -NHCH(Y'')-(CH ₂ ) _n CONH(CH ₂ ) _n' -N(R _d )(R _e ) (IV)

in which :

- Y'' represents the group –COOH, -COOZ'', -CH ₂ -CH(OH)SO ₃ H or the group CH ₂ CH(OH)SO ₃ -Z'';

- R _d and R _e , independently of one another, represent a C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical;

- Z'' represents a cationic counter ion from an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion from an organic amine;

- R _a'' represents a C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid R _a'' -COOH preferably present in coconut oil or in hydrolyzed linseed oil;

- n and n', independently of each other, designate an integer ranging from 1 to 3.

Among the compounds of formula (II), mention may be made of the compound classified in the CTFA dictionary under the name sodium diethylaminopropyl cocoaspartamide and marketed by the company NOVEAL under the name CHIMEXANE HB.

These compounds can be used alone or in mixtures.

Among the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants, use is preferably made of (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkyl betaines such as cocobetaine, (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkyl amido(C ₃ -C ₈ )alkyl betaines such as cocamidopropyl betaine, and their mixtures, and the compounds of formula (IV) such as the sodium salt of diethylaminopropyl lauryl amino succinamate (INCI name: sodium diethylaminopropyl cocoaspartamide).

Preferably, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants are chosen from (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkylamido(C ₃ -C ₈ )alkyl betaines such as cocamidopropyl betaine.

Preferably, the amphoteric surfactant(s) are present in the composition according to the invention in a total content ranging from 1 to 20% by weight, preferentially in a content ranging from 1.5 to 15% by weight, even better still from 2 to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

5/ Cationic polymers

The composition according to the invention comprises one or more cationic polymers.

The term “cationic polymer” means any non-silicone polymer (not comprising a silicon atom) containing cationic groups and/or groups that can be ionized into cationic groups, and not containing anionic groups and/or groups that can be ionized into anionic groups.

The cationic polymers which can be used preferably have a cationic charge density less than or equal to 5 milliequivalents/gram (meq/g), better still less than or equal to 4 meq/g.

The cationic charge density of a polymer corresponds to the number of moles of cationic charge per unit mass of polymer under conditions where it is completely ionized. It can be determined by calculation if the structure of the polymer is known, i.e. the structure of the monomers constituting the polymer and their molar or weight proportion. It can also be determined experimentally by the Kjeldahl method.

The cationic polymers which can be used preferably have a weight-average molar mass (Mw) of between 500 and 5×10 ⁶ approximately, preferably between 10 ³ and 3×10 ⁶ approximately.

The cationic polymers capable of being employed are preferably non-associative.

Among the cationic polymers likely to be used, mention may be made of:

(1) homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic esters or amides and comprising at least one of the units of the following formula:

in which:

- R3, identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a CH3 radical;

- A, identical or different, represent a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

- R4, R5, R6, identical or different, represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical; preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

- R1 and R2, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl or ethyl;

- X denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid such as a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.

The copolymers of family (1) may also contain one or more units deriving from comonomers which can be chosen from the family of acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetone acrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen by lower alkyls (C1-C4) , acrylic or methacrylic acid esters, vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam, vinyl esters.

Among these copolymers of family (1), mention may be made of:

- copolymers of acrylamide and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with dimethyl sulphate or with a dimethyl halide, such as that sold under the name HERCOFLOC by the company HERCULES,

- copolymers of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride, such as those sold under the name BINA QUAT P 100 by the company CIBA GEIGY,

- the copolymer of acrylamide and methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, such as that sold under the name RETEN by the company HERCULES,

- vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers, quaternized or not, such as the products sold under the name "GAFQUAT" by the company ISP, such as for example "GAFQUAT 734" or "GAFQUAT 755" or else the products called "COPOLYMER 845 , 958 and 937";

- dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone terpolymers, such as the product sold under the name GAFFIX VC 713 by the company ISP,

- vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine copolymers, such as those marketed under the name STYLEZE CC 10 by ISP;

- quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide copolymers, such as the product sold under the name "GAFQUAT HS 100" by the company ISP,

- polymers, preferably crosslinked, of methacryloyloxyalkyl (C1-C4) trialkyl (C1-C4) ammonium salts such as the polymers obtained by homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with methyl chloride, or by copolymerization of acrylamide with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with methyl chloride, the homo- or copolymerization being followed by cross-linking with an olefinically unsaturated compound, in particular methylene bisacrylamide. It is more particularly possible to use a crosslinked acrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer (20/80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion comprising 50% by weight of said copolymer in mineral oil. This dispersion is marketed under the name "SALCARE® SC 92" by the company CIBA. It is also possible to use a crosslinked homopolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride comprising approximately 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineral oil or in a liquid ester. These dispersions are marketed under the names “SALCARE® SC 95” and “SALCARE® SC 96” by the company CIBA.

(2) cationic polysaccharides, in particular cationic galactomannan celluloses and gums.

Among the cationic polysaccharides, mention may more particularly be made of cellulose ether derivatives comprising quaternary ammonium groups, cationic cellulose copolymers, cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer and cationic galactomannan gums.

Cellulose ether derivatives comprising quaternary ammonium groups are described in particular in FR1492597; they are also defined in the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums of hydroxyethylcellulose having reacted with an epoxide substituted by a trimethylammonium group.

Mention may in particular be made of the polymers sold under the name "UCARE POLYMER JR" (JR 400 LT, JR 125, JR 30M) or "LR" (LR 400, LR 30M) by the company AMERCHOL.

Cationic cellulose copolymers and cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer are described in particular in US Pat. No. 4,131,576; mention may be made of hydroxyalkylcelluloses, such as hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl- or hydroxypropyl celluloses grafted in particular with a methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium or dimethyldiallylammonium salt. Mention may most particularly be made of crosslinked or non-crosslinked quaternized hydroxyethyl cellulose, the quaternizing agent possibly being in particular diallyldimethylammonium chloride; and especially hydroxyethyl cellulose hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium

Among the commercial products corresponding to this definition, mention may be made of the products sold under the name "Celquat L 200" and "Celquat H 100" by the National Starch Company.

As particularly preferred cationic cellulose, mention may in particular be made of the polymer with the INCI name POLYQUATERNIUM-10.

Cationic galactomannan gums are described in particular in patents US3589578 and US4031307; mention may be made of cationic guar gums, in particular those comprising cationic trialkylammonium groups, in particular trimethylammonium. Mention may thus be made of guar gums modified with a salt (for example a chloride) of 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethylammonium.

Preferably, 2 to 30% by number of the hydroxyl functions of the guar gums bear cationic trialkyammonium groups. Even more preferentially, 5 to 20% of the number of hydroxyl functions of these guar gums are connected by cationic trialkyammonium groups. Among these trialkylammonium groups, mention may very particularly be made of trimethylammonium and triethylammonium groups. Even more preferentially, these groups represent from 5 to 20% by weight relative to the total weight of the modified guar gum. According to the invention, it is possible to use guar gums modified with 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride.

Mention may in particular be made of the products with the INCI name “HYDRXYPROPYL GUAR HYDROXYPROPYLTRIMONIUM CHLORIDE” and “GUAR HYDROXYPROPYL-TRIMONIUM CHLORIDE”. Such products are marketed in particular under the names JAGUAR C13S, JAGUAR C15, JAGUAR C17 or JAGUAR C162 by the company RHODIA.

Among the cationic polysaccharides capable of being used, mention may also be made of the cationic derivatives of cassia gum, in particular those comprising quaternary ammonium groups; in particular, mention may be made of the product with the INCI name “CASSIA HYDROXYPROPYLTRIMONIUM CHLORIDE”.

(3) polymers consisting of piperazinyl units and divalent alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radicals with straight or branched chains, optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms or by aromatic or heterocyclic rings, as well as the products of oxidation and/or quaternization of these polymers.

(4) water-soluble polyaminoamides, prepared in particular by polycondensation of an acid compound with a polyamine; these polyaminoamides can be cross-linked with an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide, a dianhydride, an unsaturated dianhydride, a bis-unsaturated derivative, a bis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide or else by an oligomer resulting from the reaction of a bifunctional compound reactive with a bis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide, d an epilhalohydrin, a diepoxide or a bis-unsaturated derivative; the crosslinking agent being used in proportions ranging from 0.025 to 0.35 mole per amine group of the polyaminoamide; these polyaminoamides can be alkylated or if they contain one or more tertiary amine functions, quaternized.

(5) derivatives of polyaminoamides resulting from the condensation of polyalkylene polyamines with polycarboxylic acids followed by alkylation by bifunctional agents. Mention may be made, for example, of adipic acid-diacoylaminohydroxyalcoyldialoylene triamine polymers in which the alkyl radical contains from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and preferably denotes methyl, ethyl or propyl. Among these derivatives, mention may more particularly be made of the adipic acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyl/diethylene triamine polymers sold under the name “Cartaretine F, F4 or F8” by the company Sandoz.

(6) polymers obtained by reaction of a polyalkylene polyamine comprising two primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with a dicarboxylic acid chosen from diglycolic acid and saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms; the molar ratio between the polyalkylene polyamine and the dicarboxylic acid preferably being between 0.8:1 and 1.4:1; the resulting polyaminoamide being reacted with epichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to secondary amine group of the polyaminoamide preferably between 0.5:1 and 1.8:1. Polymers of this type are in particular marketed under the name "Hercosett 57" by the company Hercules Inc. or else under the name "PD 170" or "Delsette 101" by the company Hercules in the case of the adipic acid copolymer /epoxypropyl/diethylene-triamine.

(7) alkyl diallyl amine or dialkyl diallyl ammonium cyclopolymers such as homopolymers or copolymers comprising, as main constituent of the chain, units corresponding to formulas (I) or (II):

in which

- k and t are equal to 0 or 1, the sum k + t being equal to 1;

- R12 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical;

- R10 and R11, independently of one another, denote a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C5 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-C4 amidoalkyl group; or alternatively R10 and R11 can designate, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group such as piperidinyl or morpholinyl; R10 and R11, independently of one another, preferably denote a C1-C4 alkyl group;

- Y ^- is an anion such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate, citrate, tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate, phosphate.

Mention may more particularly be made of the homopolymer of salts (for example chloride) of dimethyldiallylammonium (INCI name POLYQUATERNIUM-6) for example sold under the name "MERQUAT 100" by the company NALCO, and the copolymers of salts (for example chloride) of diallyldimethylammonium and acrylamide (INCI name POLYQUATERNIUM-7), marketed in particular under the name “MERQUAT 550” or “MERQUAT 7SPR”.

(8) diquaternary ammonium polymers comprising recurring units of formula:

in which :

- R13, R14, R15 and R16, identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic radicals comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or C1-C12 hydroxyalkylaliphatic radicals,

or alternatively R13, R14, R15 and R16, together or separately, constitute with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached heterocycles optionally comprising a second heteroatom other than nitrogen

or alternatively R13, R14, R15 and R16 represent a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl radical substituted by a nitrile, ester, acyl, amide or -CO-O-R17-D or -CO-NH-R17-D group where R17 is an alkylene and D a quaternary ammonium group;

- A1 and B1 represent divalent polymethylene groups comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, and which may contain, linked to or intercalated in the main chain, one or more aromatic rings, or one or more atoms oxygen, sulfur or sulfoxide, sulfone, disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups, and

- X ^- denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid;

it being understood that A1, R13 and R15 can form with the two nitrogen atoms to which they are attached a piperazine ring;

in addition, if A1 denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, B1 can also denote a (CH2)n-CO-D-OC-(CH2)p- group, with n and p, identical or different, being integers ranging from 2 to 20, and D denoting:

a) a glycol residue of formula -O-Z-O-, where Z denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical or a group corresponding to one of the following formulas: -(CH2CH2O)x-CH2CH2- and -[CH2CH(CH3)O] y-CH2CH(CH3)- where x and y denote an integer from 1 to 4, representing a defined and unique degree of polymerization or any number from 1 to 4 representing an average degree of polymerization;

b) a bis-secondary diamine residue such as a piperazine derivative;

c) a bis-primary diamine residue of formula -NH-Y-NH- where Y denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, or else the divalent radical -CH2-CH2-S-S-CH2-CH2-;

d) a ureylene group of formula -NH-CO-NH-.

Preferably, X ^- is an anion such as chloride or bromide. These polymers have a number average molar mass (Mn) generally between 1000 and 100000.

Mention may more particularly be made of polymers which consist of recurring units corresponding to the formula:

in which R1, R2, R3 and R4, identical or different, denote an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n and p are integers ranging from 2 to 20, and X- is an anion derived from an inorganic or organic acid.

A particularly preferred compound of formula (IV) is that for which R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent a methyl radical, n=3, p=6 and X=Cl, called Hexadimethrine chloride according to the INCI nomenclature (CTFA).

(9) quaternary polyammonium polymers comprising units of formula (V):

in which :

- R18, R19, R20 and R21, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl, propyl, β-hydroxyethyl, β-hydroxypropyl or -CH2CH2(OCH2CH2)pOH radical, where p is equal to 0 or to an integer between 1 and 6, provided that R18, R19, R20 and R21 do not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom,

- r and s, identical or different, are whole numbers between 1 and 6,

- q is equal to 0 or an integer between 1 and 34,

- X- denotes an anion such as a halide,

- A denotes a divalent radical of a dihalide or preferably represents -CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-.

Mention may be made, for example, of the products “Mirapol® A 15”, “Mirapol® AD1”, “Mirapol® AZ1” and “Mirapol® 175” sold by the company Miranol.

(10) Quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole, such as for example the products marketed under the names Luviquat® FC 905, FC 550 and FC 370 by the company B.A.S.F.

(11) Polyamines such as Polyquart® H sold by Cognis, referenced under the name "POLYETHYLENEGLYCOL (15) TALLOW POLYAMINE" in the CTFA dictionary.

(12) polymers comprising in their structure:

(a) one or more grounds corresponding to the following formula (A):

(b) optionally one or more units corresponding to the following formula (B):

In other words, these polymers can be chosen in particular from homo- or copolymers comprising one or more units derived from vinylamine and optionally one or more units derived from vinylformamide.

Preferably, these cationic polymers are chosen from polymers comprising, in their structure, from 5 to 100% by moles of units corresponding to formula (A) and from 0 to 95% by moles of units corresponding to formula (B) , preferably from 10 to 100% by moles of units corresponding to formula (A) and from 0 to 90% by moles of units corresponding to formula (B).

These polymers can be obtained for example by partial hydrolysis of polyvinylformamide. This hydrolysis can take place in an acidic or basic medium.

The weight-average molecular mass of said polymer, measured by light diffraction, can vary from 1000 to 3,000,000 g/mole, preferably from 10,000 to 1,000,000 and more particularly from 100,000 to 500,000 g/mole.

The polymers comprising units of formula (A) and optionally units of formula (B) are in particular sold under the name LUPAMIN by the company BASF, such as for example, and in a non-limiting manner, the products offered under the name LUPAMIN 9095 , LUPAMIN 5095, LUPAMIN 1095, LUPAMIN 9030 (or LUVIQUAT 9030) and LUPAMIN 9010.

Most particularly preferred are the cationic polymers chosen from those of families (1), (2) and (7) mentioned above.

Preferably, the cationic polymers which can be used in the context of the invention are chosen from, alone or as a mixture:

- alkyldiallylamine or dialkyldiallylammonium cyclopolymers, and in particular homopolymers or copolymers of salts (for example chloride) of dimethyldiallylammonium, such as POLYQUATERNIUM-6 and POLYQUATERNIUM-7 (INCI name);

- cationic polysaccharides, in particular cationic celluloses such as POLYQUATERNIUM-10; and cationic galactomannan gums, in particular cationic guar gums.

In a preferred embodiment, the composition can comprise at least two different cationic polymers; preferably at least two different cationic polymers, both having a cationic charge density less than or equal to 5 milliequivalents/gram (meq/g), better still less than or equal to 4 meq/g.

In particular, the composition may comprise at least one cationic polysaccharide and at least one alkyldiallylamine or dialkyldiallylammonium cyclopolymer.

Better still, the composition may comprise at least one cationic polysaccharide chosen from cationic celluloses and cationic galactomannan gums; and at least one alkyldiallylamine or dialkyldiallylammonium cyclopolymer chosen from homopolymers and copolymers of salts (for example chloride) of dimethyldiallylammonium.

Even better, the composition may comprise at least one cationic polysaccharide chosen from cationic galactomannan gums; and at least one alkyldiallylamine or dialkyldiallylammonium cyclopolymer chosen from homopolymers and copolymers of salts (for example chloride) of dimethyldiallylammonium.

The composition according to the invention may comprise the cationic polymer(s) in a total amount ranging from 0.01 to 10% by weight, better still from 0.05 to 5% by weight, even better still from 0.1 to 2% by weight. , relative to the total weight of the composition.

6/ Additional liquid fat

The composition according to the invention can advantageously comprise one or more additional liquid fatty substances, different from the amino silicones above. Better still, the additional liquid fatty substance(s) are non-silicone-based.

By "fat", is meant an organic compound that is insoluble in water at room temperature (25°C) and at atmospheric pressure (1 atm), that is to say with a solubility of less than 5% by weight, of preferably less than 1% by weight. They are generally soluble in organic solvents under the same temperature and pressure conditions, such as chloroform, ethanol, benzene, vaseline oil or decamethylcyclopentasiloxane.

Liquid fatty substances are liquid at room temperature and at atmospheric pressure (25°C, 1 atm).

Preferably, the composition can advantageously comprise one or more non-silicone liquid fatty substances chosen from liquid fatty acid and/or fatty alcohol esters, liquid fatty ethers, liquid fatty alcohols and mixtures thereof.

The liquid fatty esters are preferably esters derived from a C6-C32 fatty acid and/or from a C6-C32 fatty alcohol, and are liquid at 25° C., 1 atm. Preferably, they are liquid esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C ₁ -C ₂₆ aliphatic mono- or polyacids and saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C ₁ - C ₂₆ , the total number of carbon atoms of the esters being greater than or equal to 10. Preferably, for the esters of monoalcohols, at least one of the alcohol or the acid from which the esters of the invention is branched.

Among the monoesters of monoacids and monoalcohols, mention may be made of ethyl and isopropyl palmitates, alkyl myristates such as isopropyl or ethyl myristate, isocetyl stearate, isononanoate of 2 -ethylhexyl, isononyl isononanoate, isodecyl neopentanoate, and isostearyl neopentanoate.

It is also possible to use the esters of di- or tricarboxylic acids in C ₄ -C ₂₂ and of alcohols in C ₁ -C ₂₂ and the esters of mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids and of non-sugar alcohols di -, tri-, tetra- or pentahydroxylated C ₄ -C ₂₆ . Mention may in particular be made of diethyl sebacate, diisopropyl sebacate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, di n-propyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, di (2-ethylhexyl), diisostearyl adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) malate, triisopropyl citrate, triisocetyl citrate, triisostearyl citrate, glyceryl trilactate, glyceryl trioctanoate, trioctyldodecyl, trioleyl citrate, neopentylglycol diheptanoate and diethyleneglycol diisononanoate.

Mention may also be made of esters and di-esters of sugars and C ₆ -C ₃₀ fatty acids, preferably C ₁₂ -C _{22 fatty acids} . It is recalled that the term "sugar" means oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds which have several alcohol functions, with or without aldehyde or ketone function, and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms. These sugars can be monosaccharides, oligosaccharides or polysaccharides. As suitable sugars, mention may be made, for example, of sucrose, glucose, galactose, ribose, fucose, maltose, fructose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, lactose, and their derivatives, in particular alkylated, such than methylated derivatives such as methylglucose. The esters of sugars and of fatty acids can be chosen in particular from the group comprising the esters or mixtures of esters of sugars described previously and of C ₆ -C ₃₀ , preferably C ₁₂ -C ₂₂ , linear fatty acids. or branched, saturated or unsaturated. If they are unsaturated, these compounds can comprise one to three carbon-carbon double bonds, conjugated or not. The esters according to this variant can also be chosen from mono-, di-, tri- and tetraesters, polyesters and mixtures thereof. These esters can be for example oleates, laurates, palmitates, myristates, behenates, cocoates, stearates, linoleates, linolenates, caprates, arachidonates, and their mixtures such as in particular the mixed oleo-palmitate, oleo-stearate, palmito-stearate esters. More particularly, mono- and diesters and in particular mono- or dioleates, stearates, behenates, oleopalmitates, linoleates, linolenates, oleostearates, of sucrose, of glucose or of methylglucose are used. Mention may be made, by way of example, of the product sold under the name Glucate® DO by the company AMERCHOL, which is a methylglucose dioleate.

Finally, it is also possible to use natural or synthetic esters of mono-, di- or triacids with glycerol. Among these, mention may be made of vegetable oils. As oils of plant origin or synthetic triglycerides, which can be used in the composition of the invention as liquid fatty esters, mention may be made, for example, of triglyceride oils of plant or synthetic origin, such as liquid triglycerides of fatty acids comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms such as triglycerides of heptanoic or octanoic acids or, for example, sunflower, corn, soybean, pumpkin, grapeseed, sesame, hazelnut, apricot, macadamia, arara, sunflower, castor bean, avocado, olive, rapeseed, copra, wheat germ, sweet almond, apricot, safflower, bankoulier nut, coco, camelina, tamanu, babassu and pracaxi; caprylic/capric acid triglycerides such as those sold by the company STEARINERIES DUBOIS or those sold under the names Miglyol® 810, 812 and 818 by the company DYNAMIT NOBEL, jojoba oil, shea butter oil.

As solid fatty acid and/or fatty alcohol esters, mention may be made of the solid esters derived from C ₉ -C ₂₆ fatty acids and from C ₉ -C ₂₆ fatty alcohols. Among these esters, mention may be made of octyldodecyl behenate, isocetyl behenate, cetyl lactate, stearyl octanoate, octyl octanoate, cetyl octanoate, decyl oleate, myristyl stearate, octyl palmitate, octyl pelargonate, octyl stearate, alkyl myristates such as cetyl, myristyl or stearyl myristate, and hexyl stearate.

It is also possible to use esters of C ₄ -C ₂₂ di- or tricarboxylic acids and C ₁ -C ₂₂ alcohols and esters of mono-, di- or tricarboxylic acids and di-, tri-alcohols. -, tetra- or pentahydroxylated C ₂ -C ₂₆ . Mention may in particular be made of diethyl sebacate, diisopropyl sebacate, diisopropyl adipate, di n-propyl adipate, dioctyl adipate and dioctyl maleate.

The liquid fatty ethers can be chosen from liquid dialkyl ethers such as dicaprylyl ether. The non-liquid fatty ethers are preferably chosen from dialkyl ethers and in particular dicetyl ether and distearyl ether, alone or as a mixture.

Liquid fatty alcohols preferably correspond to the formula R'-OH in which R' is a hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally comprising one or more OH groups.

Preferably, R′ comprises from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, or even from 12 to 20 carbon atoms.

Preferably, R′ is an unsaturated or branched radical comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, better still from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, even better still from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and not comprising a hydroxyl group

Saturated liquid fatty alcohols are preferably branched. They may optionally include in their structure at least one aromatic ring or not. Preferably, they are acyclic. Examples of liquid saturated fatty alcohols include octyldodecanol, isostearyl alcohol, 2-hexyldecanol.

Unsaturated liquid fatty alcohols have in their structure at least one double or triple bond, and preferably one or more double bonds. When several double bonds are present, they are preferably 2 or 3 in number, and they may or may not be conjugated. These unsaturated fatty alcohols can be linear or branched. They may optionally include in their structure at least one aromatic ring or not. Preferably, they are acyclic. Examples of liquid unsaturated fatty alcohols include oleic (or oleyl) alcohol, linoleic (or linoleyl) alcohol, linolenic (or linolenyl) alcohol, and undecylenic alcohol.

Preferably, the composition may comprise one or more non-silicone liquid fatty substances chosen from C8-C30 liquid fatty esters, vegetable oils and in particular triglyceride oils of vegetable origin; and C8-C30 liquid fatty alcohols, as well as mixtures thereof.

The composition may comprise the additional liquid fatty substance(s) in a total amount preferably between 0.25 and 15% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 10% by weight, better still between 1 and 5% by weight, per relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition may comprise the additional non-silicone liquid fatty substance(s) chosen from liquid C8-C30 fatty esters, vegetable oils and in particular triglyceride oils of vegetable origin and liquid C8-C30 fatty alcohols, and mixtures thereof, in a total amount preferably between 0.25 and 15% by weight, in particular from 0.5 to 10% by weight, better still between 1 and 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention advantageously comprises water, in particular at a concentration preferably ranging from 50 to 95% by weight, for example from 55 to 90% by weight, in particular from 60 to 85% by weight, better still from 65 at 85% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

The pH of the composition can be between 2.5 and 8, preferably between 3 and 7, or even between 4 and 6.

The composition according to the invention may optionally comprise one or more organic solvents, liquid at 25° C., 1 atm., preferably hydrophilic (soluble or miscible with water) which may be chosen from aliphatic C1-C6 monoalcohols or aromatics, C2-C8 polyols, and C3-C7 polyol ethers. Advantageously, the organic solvent is chosen from C2-C4 mono-, di or tri-diols. It can advantageously be chosen from ethanol, isopropanol, benzyl alcohol, glycerol, propane 1,2-diol (propylene glycol) and mixtures thereof.

The composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one or more usual cosmetic ingredients chosen in particular from nonionic surfactants; thickeners, gelling agents; anionic, amphoteric or nonionic polymers; sun filters; moisturizing agents; anti-dandruff agents; antioxidants; chelating agents; reducing agents; oxidation bases, couplers, oxidizing agents, direct dyes; hair straightening agents; pearlescent and opacifying agents; micas, mother-of-pearl, spangles; plasticizing or coalescing agents; hydroxy acids; pigments; the charges; the perfumes; alkalizing or acidifying agents; the silanes. The person skilled in the art will take care to choose the ingredients entering into the composition, as well as their quantities, so that they do not harm the properties of the compositions of the present invention.

The cosmetic composition according to the invention finds in particular a particularly advantageous application in the field of hair care, in particular for cleaning and/or conditioning the hair. The hair compositions are preferably shampoos or conditioners; advantageously, the composition according to the invention is in the form of a shampoo, in particular a conditioner, capable of being rinsed out.

The cosmetic composition may or may not be rinsed out after having been applied to the keratin materials, in particular to the hair. It is thus possible to perform optional rinsing, for example with water after a possible exposure time. Preferably, it is rinsed off, after a possible exposure time.

A subject of the invention is also a cosmetic treatment process, in particular for washing and/or conditioning keratin materials, in particular the hair, comprising the application to said keratin materials of a cosmetic composition according to the invention, preferably followed rinsing, after a possible exposure time.

Preferably, it is a hair treatment process, in particular for washing and/or conditioning the hair, quite particularly sensitized, weakened and/or damaged hair, or curly hair.

The present invention is illustrated in more detail in the examples which follow (% MA=% of active material in the composition).

Example 1

The hair composition according to the invention is prepared below, comprising (% by weight of MA):

Composition BIS(C13-15 ALKOXY) PG-AMODIMETHICONE
(DC8500 conditioning agent – Dow Corning) 0.83 Anionic surfactants
(Ammonium lauryl sulfate and Sodium laureth sulfate) 12.7 Cocamidopropyl betaine 6.6 Hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride 0.4 Polyquaternium-7 0.14 Cetearyl alcohol 5 Acrylates/C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer 0.36 PEG-30 dipolyhydroxystearate 0.02 Caprylyl glycol 0.05 NaCl 1.2 Conservatives Q's Water Qsp 100 Viscosity (25°C, 1 atm)
Rheomat 200 rpm 3610-5960cps
(3.6-6.0 Pa.s)

A hair cleaning composition is obtained, which makes it possible to generate a foam which develops gradually and makes it possible to knead the fibers very gently. The foam generated is different from that of conventional shampoos, it is denser but just as cleansing. It rinses off easily.

The cleaning composition can be considered as a "washing cream" and generates a care signal immediately perceived by users. It nourishes like a mask and offers a cosmetic that exceeds the state of the art on the criteria of nutrition and repair.

After rinsing out the composition, the hair detangles easily, is soft, supple, light, smooth, and exhibits good hairstyle hold with long-lasting effects and clean hair.

Claims (14)

Cosmetic composition, preferably for the hair, comprising:
(i) one or more anionic surfactants,
(ii) one or more amphoteric surfactants,
(iii) one or more cationic polymers,
(iv) one or more solid fatty alcohols, the total content of solid fatty alcohols being greater than or equal to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition, and
(v) one or more amino silicones with hydrocarbon end groups comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms. Composition according to Claim 1, in which the hydrocarbon end group(s) comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms are chosen from:
an alkyl chain R, linear or branched, saturated or established, preferably saturated, comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 28 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 24 carbon atoms;
an alkoxylated chain (-OR) with R = alkyl chain, linear or branched, saturated or established, preferably saturated, comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 28 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 24 carbon atoms ;
said alkyl chains R possibly being substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups (OH). Composition according to one of the preceding claims, in which the amino silicones with hydrocarbon end groups are chosen from, alone or as a mixture, the silicones of formula (II):

in which :
- n is a number between 1 and 1000, preferably between 10 and 500, better between 25 and 100, even better between 50 and 80;
- m is a number between 1 and 200, preferably between 1 and 100, better between 1 and 10 and even better between 1 and 5;
- R''', identical or different, preferably identical, are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 24 carbon atoms, in particular 12 to 18 carbon; said radicals possibly being substituted by one or more hydroxyl groups OH;
- R′ is a linear or branched divalent alkylene radical having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular from 2 to 5 carbon atoms;
- R'' is a divalent linear or branched alkylene radical, having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Composition according to Claim 3, comprising one or more ami-born silicones with hydrocarbon end groups of formula (II) in which:
- the R''', which are identical or different, are saturated linear alkyl radicals comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably 10 to 24 carbon atoms, in particular 12 to 18 carbon atoms; mention may in particular be made of the dodecyl, C13, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl and octadecyl radicals; preferably the R ''', identical or different, are chosen from saturated linear alkyl radicals having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, in particular C13, C14, C15, alone or as a mixture, and better still represent a mixture of C13, C14 and C15; preferably, the R''' being identical; and or
- R′ is a linear or branched, preferably branched, divalent alkylene radical comprising 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular 2 to 5 carbon atoms; in particular a -CH2-CH2-CH2-, -CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2- or -CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)- radical; and or
- R'' is a divalent linear alkylene radical comprising 1 to 6 carbon atoms, in particular from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; in particular a radical -CH2-CH2-. Composition according to one of Claims 3 to 4, comprising one or more amino silicones with hydrocarbon end groups of formula (II) in which:
- n is a number between 50 and 80;
- m is a number between 1 and 5;
- R''', which are identical, are saturated linear alkyl radicals comprising from 12 to 18 carbon atoms; more preferably from 13 to 15 carbon atoms;
- R' is a divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 5 carbon atoms, better chosen from -(CH ₂ ) ₃ -, -CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2- or -CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)-, and or
- R'' is a divalent linear alkylene radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, better –(CH ₂ ) ₂ -. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the amino silicone(s) with hydrocarbon end groups comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms in a total amount ranging from 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.5 to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more solid fatty alcohols of formula R-OH in which R is a hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, comprising 8 to 30 carbon atoms, optionally comprising one or more OH groups; preferably, R comprising from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, or even from 12 to 20 carbon atoms; preferably, R being a saturated, linear or branched radical; better saturated linear; preferentially, R being a linear saturated radical, comprising from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, better still from 10 to 22 carbon atoms, even better still from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and not comprising any hydroxyl group. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the solid fatty alcohol or alcohols in a total content greater than or equal to 3% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition; preferably, the total content being between 2 and 20% by weight, better still between 3 and 15% by weight, preferably between 4 and 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more sulphate, sulphonate and/or carboxylic (or carboxylate) anionic surfactants, preferably sulphates;
better chosen from: alkyl sulphates, alkyl ether sulphates, alkylamido ether sulphates, alkylarylpolyether sulphates, monoglyceride sulphates; as well as the salts of these compounds; the alkyl groups of these compounds comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular from 12 to 28, even better from 14 to 24, or even from 16 to 22, carbon atoms; the aryl group preferably designating a phenyl or benzyl group; these compounds possibly being polyoxyalkylenated, in particular polyoxyethylenated and then preferably comprising from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units, better still from 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units;
even better chosen from, alone or in combination:
- alkyl sulphates, in particular C6-C24, or even C12-C20, and
- alkyl ether sulfates, in particular C6-C24, or even C12-C20, preferably comprising from 1 to 20 ethylene oxide units;
in particular in the form of alkali or alkaline-earth metal, ammonium or aminoalcohol salts. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more amphoteric surfactants chosen from (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkylbetaines, (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkylsulfobetaines, (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkylamidoalkyl( C ₃ -C ₈ )betaines and (C ₈ -C ₂₀ )alkyl-amid(C ₆ -C ₈ )sulfobetaines and the compounds of the following structures (II), (III) and (IV) respectively:
R _a -CONHCH ₂ CH ₂ -N ⁺ (R _b )(R _c )-CH ₂ COO ^- , M ⁺ , X ^- (II)
in which :
- R _a represents a C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group derived from an acid R _a COOH, preferably present in hydrolyzed coconut oil, a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl group;
- R _b represents a beta-hydroxyethyl group; And
- R _c represents a carboxymethyl group;
- M ⁺ represents a cationic counter ion from an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion from an organic amine, and
- X ^- represents an organic or inorganic anionic counter ion, such as that chosen from halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates, alkyl (C ₁ -C ₄ )sulfates, alkyl (C ₁ -C ₄ )- or alkyl (C ₁ -C ₄ )aryl-sulphonates, in particular methyl sulphate and ethyl sulphate; or else M ⁺ and X ^- are absent;
R _a' -CONHCH ₂ CH ₂ -N(B)(B') (III)
years which:
- B represents the -CH ₂ CH ₂ OX'group;
- B' represents the group -(CH ₂ ) _z Y', with z=1 or 2;
- X' represents the group -CH ₂ COOH, -CH ₂ -COOZ', -CH ₂ CH ₂ COOH, CH ₂ CH ₂ -COOZ', or a hydrogen atom;
- Y' represents the group –COOH, -COOZ', -CH ₂ CH(OH)SO ₃ H or the group CH ₂ CH(OH)SO ₃ -Z';
- Z′ represents a cationic counter ion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine;
- R _{a '} represents a C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid R _a' -COOH preferably present in coconut oil or in hydrolyzed linseed oil, an alkyl group, in particular C ₁₇ and its iso form, an unsaturated C ₁₇ group.
R _a'' -NHCH(Y'')-(CH ₂ ) _n CONH(CH ₂ ) _n' -N(R _d )(R _e ) (IV)
in which :
- Y'' represents the group –COOH, -COOZ'', -CH ₂ -CH(OH)SO ₃ H or the group CH ₂ CH(OH)SO ₃ -Z'';
- R _d and R _e , independently of one another, represent a C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical;
- Z'' represents a cationic counter ion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine;
- R _a'' represents a C ₁₀ to C ₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid R _a'' -COOH preferably present in coconut oil or in hydrolyzed linseed oil;
- n and n', independently of each other, denote an integer ranging from 1 to 3. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more cationic polymers chosen from:
(1) homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic esters or amides and comprising at least one of the units of the following formula:

in which:
- R3, identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a CH3 radical;
- A, identical or different, represent a divalent alkyl group, linear or branched, of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;
- R4, R5, R6, identical or different, represent an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical; preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
- R1 and R2, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl or ethyl;
- X denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid such as a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.
(2) cationic polysaccharides, in particular cellulose and cationic galactomannan gums, and more particularly cellulose ether derivatives containing quaternary ammonium groups, cationic cellulose copolymers, cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble monomer of quaternary ammonium and cationic galactomannan gums.
(3) polymers consisting of piperazinyl units and divalent alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radicals with straight or branched chains, optionally interrupted by oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms or by aromatic or heterocyclic rings, as well as the products of oxidation and/or quaternization of these polymers.
(4) water-soluble polyaminoamides, prepared in particular by polycondensation of an acid compound with a polyamine; these polyaminoamides being able to be cross-linked by an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide, a dianhydride, an unsaturated dianhydride, a bis-unsaturated derivative, a bis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide or else by an oligomer resulting from the reaction of a bifunctional compound reactive with a bis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide, d an epilhalohydrin, a diepoxide or a bis-unsaturated derivative; the crosslinking agent being used in proportions ranging from 0.025 to 0.35 mole per amine group of the polyaminoamide; these polyaminoamides can be alkylated or if they contain one or more tertiary amine functions, quaternized.
(5) derivatives of polyaminoamides resulting from the condensation of polyalkylene polyamines with polycarboxylic acids followed by alkylation by bifunctional agents.
(6) polymers obtained by reaction of a polyalkylene polyamine comprising two primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with a dicarboxylic acid chosen from diglycolic acid and saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms; the molar ratio between the polyalkylene polyamine and the dicarboxylic acid preferably being between 0.8:1 and 1.4:1; the resulting polyaminoamide being reacted with epichlorohydrin in a molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to secondary amine group of the polyaminoamide preferably between 0.5:1 and 1.8:1.
(7) alkyl diallyl amine or dialkyl diallyl ammonium cyclopolymers such as homopolymers or copolymers comprising, as main constituent of the chain, units corresponding to formulas (I) or (II):

in which
- k and t are equal to 0 or 1, the sum k + t being equal to 1;
- R12 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical;
- R10 and R11, independently of one another, denote a C1-C6 alkyl group, a C1-C5 hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-C4 amidoalkyl group; or alternatively R10 and R11 can designate, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group such as piperidinyl or morpholinyl; R10 and R11, independently of one another, preferably denote a C1-C4 alkyl group;
- Y ^- is an anion such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate, citrate, tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate, phosphate.
(8) diquaternary ammonium polymers comprising recurring units of formula:

in which :
- R13, R14, R15 and R16, identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic radicals comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or C1-C12 hydroxyalkylaliphatic radicals,
or alternatively R13, R14, R15 and R16, together or separately, constitute with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached heterocycles optionally comprising a second heteroatom other than nitrogen
or alternatively R13, R14, R15 and R16 represent a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl radical substituted by a nitrile, ester, acyl, amide or -CO-O-R17-D or -CO-NH-R17-D group where R17 is an alkylene and D a quaternary ammonium group;
- A1 and B1 represent divalent polymethylene groups comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, and which may contain, linked to or intercalated in the main chain, one or more aromatic rings, or one or more atoms oxygen, sulfur or sulfoxide, sulfone, disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups, and
- X ^- denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid;
it being understood that A1, R13 and R15 can form with the two nitrogen atoms to which they are attached a piperazine ring;
in addition, if A1 denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, B1 can also denote a (CH2)n-CO-D-OC-(CH2)p- group, with n and p, identical or different, being integers ranging from 2 to 20, and D denoting:
a) a glycol residue of formula -OZO-, where Z denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical or a group corresponding to one of the following formulas: -(CH2CH2O)x-CH2CH2- and -[CH2CH(CH3)O] y-CH2CH(CH3)- where x and y denote an integer from 1 to 4, representing a defined and unique degree of polymerization or any number from 1 to 4 representing an average degree of polymerization;
b) a bis-secondary diamine residue such as a piperazine derivative;
c) a bis-primary diamine residue of formula -NH-Y-NH- where Y denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon radical, or else the divalent radical -CH2-CH2-SS-CH2-CH2-;
d) a ureylene group of formula -NH-CO-NH-.
(9) quaternary polyammonium polymers comprising units of formula (V):

in which :
- R18, R19, R20 and R21, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl, propyl, β-hydroxyethyl, β-hydroxypropyl or -CH2CH2(OCH2CH2)pOH radical, where p is equal to 0 or to an integer between 1 and 6, provided that R18, R19, R20 and R21 do not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom,
- r and s, identical or different, are whole numbers between 1 and 6,
- q is equal to 0 or an integer between 1 and 34,
- X- denotes an anion such as a halide,
- A denotes a divalent radical of a dihalide or preferably represents -CH2-CH2-O-CH2-CH2-.
(10) Quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole;
(11) Polyamines;
(12) polymers comprising in their structure:
(a) one or more grounds corresponding to the following formula (A):

(b) optionally one or more units corresponding to the following formula (B):

and most particularly the cationic polymers chosen from those of families (1), (2) and (7) above. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more cationic polymers chosen from, alone or as a mixture:
- cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine or dialkyldiallylammonium, and in particular homopolymers or copolymers of salts (for example chloride) of dimethyldiallylammonium, such as POLYQUATERNIUM-6 and POLYQUATERNIUM-7 (INCI name);
- cationic polysaccharides, in particular cationic celluloses such as POLYQUATERNIUM-10; and cationic galactomannan gums, in particular cationic guar gums. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more additional liquid fatty substances, preferably non-silicone, and advantageously chosen from liquid fatty acid and/or fatty alcohol esters, liquid fatty ethers, fatty alcohols liquids and their mixtures. Cosmetic treatment process, in particular for washing and/or conditioning keratin materials, in particular the hair, comprising the application to said keratin materials of a cosmetic composition as defined in one of the preceding claims, preferably followed by rinsing, after a possible exposure time.