FR3104672A3 - Process for filling a set of several pressurized gas storage facilities - Google Patents
Process for filling a set of several pressurized gas storage facilities Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3104672A3 FR3104672A3 FR2012362A FR2012362A FR3104672A3 FR 3104672 A3 FR3104672 A3 FR 3104672A3 FR 2012362 A FR2012362 A FR 2012362A FR 2012362 A FR2012362 A FR 2012362A FR 3104672 A3 FR3104672 A3 FR 3104672A3
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- storages
- pressure
- storage
- filling
- pressurized gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
- F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
- F17C2205/0142—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels bundled in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
- F17C2205/0134—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels
- F17C2205/0146—Two or more vessels characterised by the presence of fluid connection between vessels with details of the manifold
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0338—Pressure regulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/011—Oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0157—Compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
- F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
- F17C2227/043—Methods for emptying or filling by pressure cascade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
- F17C2227/044—Methods for emptying or filling by purging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
- F17C2227/047—Methods for emptying or filling by repeating a process cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
- F17C2260/023—Avoiding overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
- F17C2270/0171—Trucks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Procédé de remplissage d’un ensemble de plusieurs stockages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) de gaz sous pression raccordés en parallèle à une conduite commune via un ensemble de vannes respectives, notamment au moins trois stockages d’une remorque (8) à tubes stockant de l’hydrogène sous pression, dans lequel, au moins deux des stockages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) ont des pressions initiales différentes avant remplissage, le procédé comprenant une première étape de transfert de gaz sous pression dans un premier des stockage, ce premier stockage étant le stockage ayant la pression initiale la plus basse parmi les stockages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), puis, lorsque la pression du premier stockage atteint la pression d’un second stockage ayant la pression initiale plus basse parmi les autres stockages, une seconde étape de transfert de gaz sous pression simultanément dans les premier et second stockages, le procédé comprenant des étapes de transfert successives similaires jusqu’à amener tous les stockages jusqu’à une pression déterminée Figure de l’abrégé : Fig. 1Method of filling a set of several storages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) of pressurized gas connected in parallel to a common pipe via a set of respective valves, in particular at least three storages of a trailer (8) tubes storing hydrogen under pressure, in which at least two of the storages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) have different initial pressures before filling, the method comprising a first transfer step of gas under pressure in a first of the storage, this first storage being the storage having the lowest initial pressure among the storages (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), then, when the pressure of the first storage reaches the pressure of a second storage having the lowest initial pressure among the other storages, a second step of transferring pressurized gas simultaneously in the first and second storages, the method comprising similar successive transfer steps until all the storages are brought up to one determined pressure Figure from the abstract: Fig. 1
Description
L’invention concerne un procédé et une installation de remplissage d’un ensemble de plusieurs stockages de gaz sous pression raccordés en parallèle à une conduite commune via un ensemble de vannes respectives, notamment au moins trois stockages d’une remorque à tubes stockant de l’hydrogène sous pression.The invention relates to a method and an installation for filling a set of several pressurized gas storages connected in parallel to a common pipe via a set of respective valves, in particular at least three storages of a tube trailer storing gas. hydrogen under pressure.
L’invention concerne plus particulièrement un procédé de remplissage d’un ensemble de plusieurs stockages de gaz sous pression raccordés en parallèle à une conduite commune via un ensemble de vannes respectives dans lequel, au moins deux des stockages ont des pressions initiales différentes avant remplissage, le procédé comprenant une première étape de transfert de gaz sous pression dans un premier des stockage, ce premier stockage étant le stockage ayant la pression initiale la plus basse parmi les stockages.The invention relates more particularly to a method of filling a set of several pressurized gas storages connected in parallel to a common pipe via a set of respective valves in which at least two of the storages have different initial pressures before filling, the method comprising a first step of transferring pressurized gas into a first of the storages, this first storage being the storage having the lowest initial pressure among the storages.
L’invention concerne notamment un centre de remplissage de remorques multi-sections, par exemple remplies selon le principe de la cascade.The invention relates in particular to a filling center for multi-section trailers, for example filled according to the cascade principle.
Certaines remorques sont composées de plusieurs capacités de stockage séparées que nous appelons dans la suite «stockages». Cette séparation est une contrainte réglementaire pour limiter le volume d'une section isolable (stockage).Certain trailers are made up of several separate storage capacities which we will hereinafter refer to as “storages”. This separation is a regulatory constraint to limit the volume of an isolable section (storage).
Après que le gaz d'une remorque est consommé chez un client, les stockages de la remorque peuvent ou non être à la même pression lors du retour au centre de remplissage. Cela dépend du processus de soutirage chez le client.After gas from a trailer is consumed at a customer's premises, the trailer storages may or may not be at the same pressure when returning to the filling center. It depends on the withdrawal process at the customer.
Le remplissage d’une remorque est classiquement réalisé de deux façons.The filling of a trailer is conventionally carried out in two ways.
Dans un premier mode de réalisation, les stockages de la remorque sont isolés et remplis séparément. Dans ce cas, un 1erstockage est rempli. À la fin de son remplissage, il est isolé. Ensuite, un deuxième stockage de la remorque est rempli et ainsi de suite jusqu'à ce que tous les stockages soient remplis.In a first embodiment, the storages of the trailer are isolated and filled separately. In this case, a 1st storage is filled. At the end of its filling, it is isolated. Then a second storage of the trailer is filled and so on until all the storages are filled.
Dans un autre mode de réalisation, tous les stockages de la remorque sont ouverts et leurs pressions sont égalisées (équilibrage) avant le début du remplissage. Dans ce cas, tous les stockages sont remplis en même temps.In another embodiment, all storages of the trailer are open and their pressures are equalized (balancing) before the start of filling. In this case, all the storages are filled at the same time.
Pour fluidifier la logistique, il est nécessaire d'accélérer le remplissage des remorques.To streamline logistics, it is necessary to speed up the filling of trailers.
De plus, il y a toujours un débit de gaz de remplissage maximal qui ne doit jamais être dépassé pour éviter la détérioration rapide des composants des circuits.In addition, there is always a maximum fill gas flow rate which should never be exceeded to avoid rapid deterioration of circuit components.
Si les stockages sont remplis un par un, le débit de remplissage est beaucoup plus faible que si toutes les stockages sont toutes remplis en même temps.If the storages are filled one by one, the filling rate is much lower than if all the storages are all filled at the same time.
Cependant le problème de la deuxième technique de remplissage réside dans le fait que l'égalisation des pressions prend du temps et est difficile à gérer en cas de grandes différences de pression entre les stockages (la vitesse gaz pourrait être très élevée).However, the problem with the second filling technique lies in the fact that the pressure equalization takes time and is difficult to manage in the event of large pressure differences between the storages (the gas speed could be very high).
Un but de la présente invention est de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients de l’art antérieur relevés ci-dessus.An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the drawbacks of the prior art noted above.
A cette fin, le procédé selon l'invention, par ailleurs conforme à la définition générique qu’en donne le préambule ci-dessus, est essentiellement caractérisé en ce que, lorsque la pression du premier stockage atteint la pression d’un second stockage ayant la pression initiale plus basse parmi les autres stockages, le procédé comprend une seconde étape de transfert de gaz sous pression simultanément dans les premier et second stockages, le procédé comprenant des étapes de transfert successives similaires jusqu’à amener tous les stockages à la pression initiale du stockage ayant la pression initiale la plus élevée et transférer ensuite du gaz dans tous les stockages simultanément jusqu’à une pression déterminée.To this end, the method according to the invention, moreover in accordance with the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that, when the pressure of the first storage reaches the pressure of a second storage having the lowest initial pressure among the other storages, the method comprises a second step of transferring pressurized gas simultaneously into the first and second storages, the method comprising steps of similar successive transfers until bringing all the storages to the initial pressure of the storage having the highest initial pressure and then transferring gas in all the storages simultaneously up to a determined pressure.
L’invention concerne également une installation configurée pour réaliser un tel remplissage.The invention also relates to an installation configured to perform such a filling.
L’invention peut concerner également tout dispositif ou procédé alternatif comprenant toute combinaison des caractéristiques ci-dessus ou ci-dessous dans le cadre des revendications.The invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the features above or below within the scope of the claims.
D’autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description ci-après, faite en référence aux figures dans lesquelles:Other features and advantages will become apparent on reading the description below, made with reference to the figures in which:
L’ensemble de stockages est de préférence porté par une remorque 8 mobile et comprend plusieurs stockages 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 de gaz sous pression raccordés en parallèle à une ou des conduites communes via un ensemble de vannes respectives12, 22, 13, 23, 14, 24, 15, 25, 16, 26, 17, 27.The set of storage is preferably carried by a mobile trailer 8 and comprises several storage areas 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 of pressurized gas connected in parallel to one or more common pipes via a set of respective valves12, 22 , 13, 23, 14, 24, 15, 25, 16, 26, 17, 27.
Par exemple, comme représenté les stockages peuvent être au nombre de trois ou plus et notamment regroupés en plusieurs des groupes de plusieurs stockages raccordés en parallèle (les groupes peuvent remplis par des lignes 10, 11 respectives).For example, as shown, the storages can be three or more in number and in particular grouped together in several groups of several storages connected in parallel (the groups can be filled by respective lines 10, 11).
Lorsque la remorque 8 arrive au centre de remplissage au moins deux des stockages 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 peuvent avoir des pressions initiales différentes avant remplissage.When the trailer 8 arrives at the filling center at least two of the storages 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 may have different initial pressures before filling.
Selon le procédé, la première étape de transfert de gaz sous pression remplit un premier des stockage, ce premier stockage étant le stockage ayant la pression initiale la plus basse parmi les stockages. Puis, lorsque la pression du premier stockage atteint la pression d’un second stockage ayant la pression initiale plus basse parmi les autres stockages, une seconde étape de transfert de gaz sous pression simultanément dans les premier et second stockages.According to the method, the first step of transferring pressurized gas fills a first of the storages, this first storage being the storage having the lowest initial pressure among the storages. Then, when the pressure of the first storage reaches the pressure of a second storage having the lowest initial pressure among the other storages, a second step of transferring pressurized gas simultaneously into the first and second storages.
Le procédé comprend des étapes de transfert successives similaires jusqu’à amener tous les stockages à la pression initiale du stockage ayant la pression initiale la plus élevée et transférer ensuite du gaz dans tous les stockages simultanément jusqu’à une pression déterminée.The method comprises similar successive transfer steps until bringing all the storages to the initial pressure of the storage having the highest initial pressure and then transferring gas in all the storages simultaneously up to a determined pressure.
C’est-à-dire que la station de remplissage commence à remplir le stockage (ou les stockages) à la pression la plus basse. Lorsque la pression de ce stockage atteint la pression du 2ème stockage à la plus basse pression, le deuxième stockage est mise en ligne en parallèle et commence à se remplir également. De préférence toutes les sections sont remplies de la sorte successivement jusqu'à atteindre la pression optimale.That is, the filling station begins to fill the storage (or storages) at the lowest pressure. When the pressure of this storage reaches the pressure of the 2nd storage at the lowest pressure, the second storage is put on line in parallel and begins to fill also. Preferably all the sections are filled in this way successively until the optimum pressure is reached.
Cette méthodologie présente les avantages suivants. Il n’y a pas de perte de temps dans l'égalisation des pressions au tout début du remplissage. De plus, le débit de gaz peut être augmenté lors du remplissage simultané de plusieurs stockages en parallèle.This methodology has the following advantages. There is no time wasted in equalizing the pressures at the very start of filling. In addition, the gas flow can be increased during the simultaneous filling of several storages in parallel.
Tous les stockages peuvent être remplis de la sorte jusqu'à atteindre la charge optimale.All the storages can be filled in this way until the optimum load is reached.
Le gaz peut être O2, N2, H2, mais sans s'y limiter.The gas can be O2, N2, H2, but not limited to.
Dans le cas où le gaz est de l'hydrogène, de préférence un mécanisme de contrôle supplémentaire est appliqué. Par exemple, la vitesse de remplissage est ajustée avec une soupape de régulation de pression et/ou de débit qui contrôlera une augmentation de pression déterminée. Ceci pour limiter la vitesse du gaz dans les lignes de remplissage et limiter le réchauffage des stockages.In case the gas is hydrogen, preferably an additional control mechanism is applied. For example, the filling rate is adjusted with a pressure and / or flow control valve which will control a determined pressure increase. This is to limit the speed of the gas in the filling lines and limit the reheating of the storages.
De préférence, l’ensemble de vannes comprend des vannes d'isolement des stockages commandées ou automatiques et qui peuvent être actionnées par la station de remplissage.Preferably, the valve assembly comprises controlled or automatic storage isolation valves which can be actuated by the filling station.
De préférence, un capteur de température et/ou de pression 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 mesure respectivement la pression de chaque stockage et communique sa mesure à la station pour le contrôle. Tous les signaux sont transférés au contrôle du centre de remplissage via un protocole de communication approprié.Preferably, a temperature and / or pressure sensor 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 respectively measures the pressure of each storage and communicates its measurement to the station for control. All signals are transferred to the filling center control via an appropriate communication protocol.
Lors de l’arrivée de la remorque 8 à remplir une purge des conduites est de préférence réalisée. Une vanne 21 de purge peut être ouverte pour purger tout ou partie des lignes (les autres vannes restent fermées). Au moins un capteur 19 de pression peut être prévu dans le circuit de remplissage qui se raccorde aux stockages.When the trailer 8 arrives to fill, a bleeding of the lines is preferably carried out. A purge valve 21 can be opened to purge all or part of the lines (the other valves remain closed). At least one pressure sensor 19 may be provided in the filling circuit which is connected to the storages.
La ou les conduites du circuit peuvent être balayées par du gaz d’un ou plusieurs stockages. Par exemple, la ou les vannes 12, 122 d’isolation d’un stockage peuvent être ouvertes pour transférer du gaz vers le circuit 11 de remplissage jusqu’à une vanne 21 de décharge ou purge (évent) qui est ouverte. Comme illustré, la sortie d’au moins un stockage peut comporter, en aval d’une première vanne 12 d’isolation, deux vannes 22, 122 en parallèle formant un bypass Le flux de balayage peut passer par ce bypass (vanne 122 ouverte).The line or pipes of the circuit can be swept with gas from one or more storages. For example, the isolation valve or valves 12, 122 of a storage can be opened to transfer gas to the filling circuit 11 until a discharge or purge valve 21 (vent) which is open. As illustrated, the outlet of at least one storage can comprise, downstream of a first isolation valve 12, two valves 22, 122 in parallel forming a bypass. The flushing flow can pass through this bypass (valve 122 open) .
Un test de fuite peut être réalisé ensuite (fermeture des vannes et évent après mise ou pression et mesure de la pression dans le temps). Plusieurs cycles peuvent être réalisés pour éliminer les contaminants potentiels.A leak test can then be carried out (closing the valves and vent after putting on or pressure and measuring the pressure over time). Several cycles can be performed to remove potential contaminants.
Une analyse de la teneur en eau peut être réalisée également via un capteur approprié du circuit. D'autres analyses (N2 / CnHm) peuvent également être réalisées.An analysis of the water content can also be carried out via a suitable sensor in the circuit. Other analyzes (N2 / CnHm) can also be carried out.
Lorsque les résultats de l’'analyse sont satisfaisants, la ligne de remplissage du procédé peut être pressurisée à la pression la plus basse des stockages (par exemple stockage 2) via l’ouverture des vannes appropriées.When the results of the analysis are satisfactory, the process fill line can be pressurized to the lowest pressure of the storages (eg storage 2) by opening the appropriate valves.
Les circuits des trois ensembles de stockages peuvent ainsi être mis à la pression la pression du stockage ayant la pression la plus basse.The circuits of the three storage assemblies can thus be pressurized to the storage pressure having the lowest pressure.
Le remplissage peut ensuite commencer comme déjà explicité ci-dessus.The filling can then begin as already explained above.
La pression dans la ligne de remplissage est sous pression, à la même pression que le stockage de pression la plus basse (stockage 2 par exemple).The pressure in the filling line is pressurized, at the same pressure as the lowest pressure storage (storage 2 for example).
La source 9 de gaz sous pression peut comporter un ou des stockage, compresseur(s). Les compresseurs peuvent être mis en marche (soit en mode «pause», soit remplissage d'une autre remorque par exemple).The source 9 of pressurized gas may include one or more storage, compressor (s). The compressors can be started (either in "pause" mode or filling another trailer for example).
La portion du circuit amont (entre la source 9 et la vanne 20 de régulation) peut être mise sous pression. Puis le gaz peut être transféré vers l’aval (passage d’un clapet 28 anti retour qui est prévu de préférence en série avec la vanne 20 de régulation de débit/pression).The portion of the upstream circuit (between the source 9 and the control valve 20) can be pressurized. Then the gas can be transferred downstream (passage of a non-return valve 28 which is preferably provided in series with the flow / pressure control valve 20).
Les vannes 12, 22, 29 concernées entre la source 9 et le stockage sont ouvertes pour remplir le stockage concerné 2 (ou les stockages concernés le cas échéant s’il y a en a plusieurs à la même pression la plus basse). La vanne 21 de purge reste fermée.The valves 12, 22, 29 concerned between the source 9 and the storage are open to fill the storage concerned 2 (or the storage concerned as the case may be if there are several at the same lowest pressure). The purge valve 21 remains closed.
Le contrôle du flux de remplissage peut agir sur le gradient de pression pour limiter la vitesse de pressurisation du stockage (et donc l'augmentation de température). Classiquement, ce gradient peut être différent selon les conditions de départ (température initiale dans la remorque, température du gaz, pression initiale…). Afin d'éviter une surchauffe du stockage, le gradient de pression peut être corrigé avec une correction fonction de la température.The control of the filling flow can act on the pressure gradient to limit the speed of pressurization of the storage (and therefore the increase in temperature). Conventionally, this gradient can be different depending on the starting conditions (initial temperature in the trailer, gas temperature, initial pressure, etc.). In order to avoid overheating of the storage, the pressure gradient can be corrected with a correction according to the temperature.
La source 9 (réservoir tampon et/ou compresseur) ajuste de préférence sa charge pour fournir la bonne quantité de gaz à la bonne pression (contrôle sur la pression de refoulement dans le cas d’un compresseur par exemple).Source 9 (buffer tank and / or compressor) preferably adjusts its load to provide the right amount of gas at the right pressure (control of the discharge pressure in the case of a compressor, for example).
La vitesse d’augmentation de pression est fonction de préférence de la différence de pression de remplissage (entre l'amont et l'aval de la vanne de régulation de remplissage) et de la température dans la remorque 8. Cette vitesse est ajustée pour éviter la surchauffe de la remorque.The rate of pressure increase is preferably a function of the difference in filling pressure (between the upstream and downstream side of the filling control valve) and the temperature in the trailer 8. This speed is adjusted to avoid overheating of the trailer.
Comme décrit ci-dessus, lorsque la pression atteint la pression d’un autre (second stockage) ayant la pression la plus basse suivante parmi les stockages, ce second (ou ces seconds stockages s’il y en a plusieurs) est également raccordé à la ligne de remplissage (ouverture des vannes correspondantes).As described above, when the pressure reaches the pressure of another (second storage) having the next lowest pressure among the storages, this second (or these second storages if there are several) is also connected to the filling line (opening of the corresponding valves).
Un automate 100 (calculateur et/ou ordinateur et/ou microprocesseur) peut être prévu pour détecter les stockages à ouvrir et déclencher l’ouverture des vannes d'isolement correspondantes.A controller 100 (computer and / or computer and / or microprocessor) can be provided to detect the storages to be opened and trigger the opening of the corresponding isolation valves.
La même opération peut être répétée jusqu'à ce que tous les stockages atteignent la pression maximale prévue en fin de remplissage par exemple 700 bar ou plus.The same operation can be repeated until all the storages reach the maximum pressure expected at the end of filling, for example 700 bar or more.
A la fin du remplissage les vannes d’isolement seront fermées pour isoler les stockages ainsi que dans le circuit. La vanne 21 de purge peut être ouverte.At the end of filling, the isolation valves will be closed to isolate the storage facilities as well as in the circuit. The purge valve 21 can be opened.
La dépressurisation des lignes est réalisée. La pression peut être vérifiée via les capteurs de pression. Lorsque la pression lue est proche de la pression atmosphérique les flexibles peuvent être déconnectés.The lines are depressurized. The pressure can be checked via the pressure sensors. When the pressure read is close to atmospheric pressure, the hoses can be disconnected.
Le contrôle de la pression peut être entièrement automatique. Si les pressions sont suffisamment basses, un feu vert peut être montré au conducteur de la remorque pour qu'il sache que la déconnexion des flexibles est possible. Dans le cas contraire, un voyant peut être allumé et le chauffeur doit suivre une procédure particulière pour poursuivre la séquence de remplissage (dépressurisation manuelle des lignes de remplissage de la remorque ou du centre de remplissage).Pressure control can be fully automatic. If the pressures are low enough, a green light can be shown to the driver of the trailer to let him know that hose disconnection is possible. Otherwise, a warning light may be on and the driver must follow a specific procedure to continue the filling sequence (manual depressurization of the filling lines of the trailer or the filling center).
De préférence, si la température mesurée d’un stockage dépasse un premier seuil déterminé, un verrouillage automatique ferme sa ou ses vannes d’isolement.Preferably, if the measured temperature of a storage exceeds a first determined threshold, automatic locking closes its isolation valve (s).
Si la température continue d'augmenter et atteint un deuxième seuil, l’ensemble des stockages du groupe auquel il appartient peut être isolé.If the temperature continues to rise and reaches a second threshold, all of the storage units in the group to which it belongs can be isolated.
En cas de surpression: lorsque la pression d'un stockage dépasse un certain seuil déterminé, les vannes de blocage et de remplissage sont fermées et la vanne purge est ouverte. Le remplissage peut être repris lorsque la pression redescend en dessous du seuil.In the event of overpressure: when the pressure in a storage tank exceeds a certain determined threshold, the blocking and filling valves are closed and the purge valve is open. Filling can be resumed when the pressure drops below the threshold.
Plus la température du gaz est élevée, plus la densité est faible. Afin d'éviter un remplissage excessif, il est recommandé qu'un courbe de charge maximale courbe de charge, exprimée en pression sur température, soit dessinée et implémentée dans l'automate. Cette courbe de charge ne doit jamais être dépassée.The higher the temperature of the gas, the lower the density. In order to avoid overfilling, it is recommended that a maximum load curve load curve, expressed in pressure over temperature, be drawn and implemented in the PLC. This load curve must never be exceeded.
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| US12110133B2 (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2024-10-08 | Maxar Space Llc | Spacecraft propellant loading system |
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