FR3022612A1 - COMPACT FUME TREATMENT BOX AND CREMATION PLANT COMPRISING THE HOUSING - Google Patents

Abstract

Compact fume treatment box (1) comprising at least 2 adjacent flue gas treatment units (3a, 3b) separated in whole or in part by a wall (29), each unit (3a, 3b) being associated with a flue gas stream treat. The boiler (6a, 6b) and said filter (8a, 8b) of each unit (3a, 3b) are separated by a partition whose lower portion has a light to allow passage of the cooled smoke stream in a volume (24a, 24b) defined laterally by the walls of the box (1), the wall (29) and the partition (11a, 11b), and horizontally by the inlet of the filter (8a, 8b) and the bottom of the box. The injection means (7a, 7b) of reagents being arranged to introduce the reagents into said volume (24a, 24b).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the technical field of the treatment of flue gases. The term "flue gas treatment" is intended to mean the operation of cooling the fumes, reacting them with reactive products, and filtering them. The fumes are then decontaminated and able to be released into the atmosphere, in the sense of the regulations in force. The present invention more particularly relates to a compact box comprising a plurality of flue gas treatment units. It also relates to an advantageous use, but not limited to, said box for the treatment of fumes from a cremation installation comprising several furnaces. More specifically, the invention also relates to a cremation installation of human or animal bodies implementing the box. State of the art The law, in particular French requires the treatment of fumes from cremation furnaces. To do this, the plants are equipped upstream of the furnace, with different independent elements that are in particular: a flue gas cooler, a dosing and reagent injection hopper, a filtration zone, in addition to the necessary fans to the ejection and the aspiration of the fumes. Such installations occupy a very large volume and surface so that they are bulky and constricting to install. Indeed, the configuration of the site requires most of the time to move the different elements from each other even as the place is restricted. The application of the regulations in force becomes a real headache for installers. It is known from the state of the art, and in particular from US Pat. No. 6,457,424, a cremation system comprising an installation for treating fumes from said cremation system. This installation includes a cooling boiler, a reagent storage and dosing device, and a filter. Although these elements are integrated in two parts of modules, the resulting installation nevertheless occupies a large volume and is constraining to install. Indeed, in the same manner as mentioned above, these elements are independent of each other and are connected by gas lines to convey a flow of fumes, successively through each element taken independently. The elements are simply close together, the footprint is only minimally reduced. Each element plays its role independently of the others, there is no synergy between said elements.

In addition, there is a need for a compact installation for simultaneously treating flue gas streams from different furnaces of a cremation plant. More specifically, a cremation installation generally contains several furnaces, in practice from 2 to 3 furnaces. Depending on the number of furnaces in operation at a given time, the flow of smoke to be treated varies. The problem to be solved by the invention is that of developing a system having a limited space and whose operation can adapt according to the volume of smoke to be treated.

Another problem to be solved by the invention is also that of developing a system capable of being able to equip an existing cremation installation without the need for long and expensive work.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION In order to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, the Applicant has developed a compact smoke treatment box comprising a plurality of adjacent flue gas treatment units separated in whole or in part by a wall, each unit being associated with a flow. 25 fumes to be treated separately and comprising the following means: - a fume inlet to be treated, - a treated fumes outlet, - a cooling boiler communicating with the fumes inlet, - reagent injection means for communicate with a reagent storage and dosing device, a filter communicating with the flue gas outlet. According to the invention, the boiler and the filter of each unit are separated by a partition whose lower part has a light to allow the passage of the stream of cooled smoke in a defined volume: - laterally: by the walls of the box, the wall separating two treatment units and the partition, - horizontally: through the inlet of the filter and the bottom of the box.

Still according to the invention, the reagent injection means are arranged to introduce the reagents into the previously defined volume. To prevent any passage of smoke between the filters from one unit to another, each unit is separated from the adjacent unit by a sealed wall at least on the portion separating the filters. To allow the extraction of fumes through the filter, each unit is connected to a flue gas chimney equipped with an exhaust fan. The casing can be pre-equipped with as many chimneys as flue gas to be treated or connected to existing chimneys or sold separately, the chimneys being purchased independently. Thus, the subject of the invention is a fume treatment box, with a very small overall size. The box is easy to install and operate and can fit an existing cremation facility without the need for long, expensive work. Indeed, it is simply necessary to connect it to the smoke outlets of the cremation furnaces, to connect the water circuit for the boiler, and to connect the box to the electrical network for the elements operating with electrical energy. In addition, the filters must be connected to extraction fans independent of the box. In case of lack of free space near the cremation installation, the box of the invention can be placed on the roof of the building. In this case, the reagent storage and dosing device is positioned outside or inside the building so as to be easily accessible. The specific internal arrangement of the flue gas treatment box is such that the flue gases from each furnace can be treated independently by the same box, each flue gas treatment unit being identical and associated with a separate flue gas stream. The fumes from each furnace are cooled firstly by the boiler and then directed to the free volume separating the boiler and the filter in which the treatment with the reagents is carried out. The treatment is done directly in the box between the outlet of the boiler and the inlet 35 of the filter. The fumes do not have to go through an additional element such as a reactor as is generally the case in the state of the art. According to the invention, it is thus not necessary to use gas pipes to circulate the fumes. A simple suction through the outlet of the box to circulate the fumes through each of the elements for their treatment. Such a box is very compact and easy to install. Each fume treatment unit of the box comprises means which are specific to it, in particular a fume inlet to be treated, a treated fume outlet, a cooling boiler, reagent injection means and a filter. These elements are positioned identically from one unit to another. This means that the boilers are side by side and positioned all on the same side of the box. It is the same for the filters.

In order to improve the contact between the reactants and the fumes, the passage of the cooled fumes to the filter is carried out in a turbulent motion. To do this, the light in the partition separating the filter from the boiler is arranged to be positioned below the inlet of the filter and above the outlet of the boiler.

In practice, the boiler of each unit is in the form of a cylinder comprising an air / water exchanger connected to a water circuit external to the box. To promote the turbulent movement of the cooled smoke, it is evacuated in the lower part of the boiler.

Each treatment unit is equipped with reagent injection means, each connected to a storage and dosing device, which may be provided in the treatment unit or may be deported outside the box. In particular, in the case where the flue gas treatment box is placed outside the building, for example on the roof, the reagent storage and dosing device is put in place near the building, in one place accessible so that it can be recharged regularly and easily in reagents. According to the invention, the reagent injection means are in the form of a duct opening into the volume present under the aforementioned filter, through the partition separating the filter from the boiler. In a preferred embodiment, the conduit opens below the light managed in the partition separating the filter from the boiler.

According to an additional feature, to provide sufficient space between the inlet of the filter and the bottom of the box, the filter is fixed away from the bottom of the box and is in the form of a succession of "socks".

The casing advantageously comprises an air compressor common to each processing unit. This air compressor is connected to air guns to blow air into the volume under the filter. The fact of blowing air into this volume makes it possible to resuspend the pulverulent reagents and to mix them with the fumes to be treated. The air compressor is also advantageously connected to the dedusting filter for unclogging operations. The box may also include means that are common to all smoke treatment systems, including the electrical box and the air compressor. Thus, for the treatment of smoke from the same number of furnaces, the box has a cost and a small footprint compared to several independent smoke treatment units. Since each flue gas treatment system is designed to treat fumes from an oven allocated to it individually, the multi-unit casing of the invention advantageously makes it possible to overcome any problem of oversizing or under-sizing. and makes it possible to treat several flue gas streams satisfactorily.

The box also has the advantage of being interchangeable easily and quickly in the event of a failure on one of the devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other features and advantages of the present invention will emerge more clearly on reading the description which follows, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic representation illustrating the compact box; process of several flue gas streams according to the invention, said box being shown seen from above with flue gas inlets and outlets to be treated located on the narrow sides of the box; - Figure 2 is a schematic representation similar to that of Figure 1, the box being shown with flue gas inlets and outlets to be located on the broad sides of the box; FIG. 3 is a schematic representation similar to that of FIG. 1, the box being shown viewed from the left and in section along the axis of FIG. 1; - Figure 4 is a schematic representation similar to that of Figure 1, the box being shown seen from the back and in section along the axis IV-IV of Figure 1; and FIG. 5 is a schematic representation similar to that of FIG. 1, the box being shown seen from the front and in section along the axis VV of FIG. 1. Embodiment (s) of the invention In the figures, the smoke flows are represented by black arrows, while the water flows are represented by white arrows. With reference to FIGS. 1 to 5, the box (1) for treating flue gases according to the invention is in the form of a single enclosure (2) comprising a plurality of adjacent flue gas treatment units (3a, 3b) each separated by a wall (29) at least on the portion separating the filters (8a, 8b). Each flue gas treatment unit (3a, 3b) is associated with a separate flue gas stream from two cremation furnaces of a cremation facility. The enclosure (2) is unique rectangular parallelepiped.

For the sake of simplification of the description and the figures, a fume treatment box (1) will be described below having only two units (3a, 3b) for flue gas treatment. This is only a non-limiting example, the box (1) of the invention may include a higher number of flue gas treatment units, depending on the number of crematorial furnaces present in the installation. In practice, the box of the invention is provided with 2 or 3 smoke treatment units. Each flue gas treatment unit (3a, 3b) comprises the following means: an inlet (4a, 4b) for fumes to be treated, an outlet (5a, 5b) for treated fumes, a boiler (6a, 6b) for cooling the fumes, fumes to be treated, injection means (7a, 7b) of reagents, a filter (8a, 8b) dust collector.

In the embodiment shown in the figures, each flue gas treatment unit (3a, 3b) comprises two contiguous compartments (9a, 9b and 10a, 10b) separated by a partition (11a, 11b), respectively a first compartment ( 9a, 9b) comprising the fume cooling boiler (6a, 6b) to be treated, and a second compartment (10a, 10b) comprising the filter (8a, 8b). Each unit further comprises injection means (7a, 7b) of reagents passing through the partition (11a, 1b) to open at the bottom of the second compartment (10a, 10b). According to the invention, the wall (29) separating two treatment units is sealed at least between the compartments housing the filters.

Each flue gas treatment unit (3a, 3b) comprises a single inlet (4a, 4b) and a single outlet (5a, 5b) for fumes to be treated. The orientation of the inputs (4a, 4b) and outputs (5a, 5b) can be adapted according to the constraints of implantation of the site. Thus, in Figure 1 these inputs (4a, 4b) and outputs (5a, 5b) are located on the short side of the unit 5 while in Figure 2, they are located on the long sides of the unit. Each inlet (4a, 4b) is connected to a pipe in which are rejected the fumes of the cremation furnace. Each output (5a, 5b) is connected to a not shown exhaust fan for sucking fumes from the furnace, through the boiler and the filter (8a, 8b). Each exhaust fan is itself connected to a not shown exhaust chimney. The exhaust stack also includes orifices to collect fumes to verify that the current regulations on the discharge of fumes is respected. The exhaust stack and its exhaust fan can pre-equip the box (1) or be adapted to the box (1) from a chimney.

Each boiler (6a, 6b) for cooling the flue gases to be treated is in the form of a cylinder comprising an exchanger (12a, 12b) for air / water tubes. The water circulates in the tubes via an inlet (13a, 13b) and an outlet (14a, 14b) of water connected to a water circuit external to the box (1). Each boiler (6a, 6b) thus makes it possible to cool the fumes which pass therethrough by heat exchange with the water circuit of the boiler (6a, 6b). The cooled smoke is evacuated in the lower part of the boiler. Each inlet (4a, 4b) fumes to be treated opens directly into the boiler (6a, 6b) associated with it above the exchanger (12a, 12b) itself. The volume 25 (15a, 15b) of each exchanger (12a, 12b) is also accessible through an access hatch (16a, 16b) for cleaning. The cooled air from the flue gas flows through the volume (17a, 17b) separating the base of the boiler (6a, 6b) from the base of the exchanger associated with this flow. This volume (17a, 17b) is also accessible from the outside by an access hatch (18a, 18b). According to the invention, the passage of the cooled fumes to the filter is in a turbulent motion. To do this, the partition (11a, 11b) has a slot (30a, 30b) positioned below the inlet of the filter (8a, 8b) and above the outlet of the boiler (6a, 6b). The cooled air thus flows into the volume (17a, 17b) present at the outlet of each boiler. It then passes through the opening (19a, 19b), which is delimited by 3022612 8 the support (30a, 30b) on which the boiler and the bottom of the box. The air then opens into the second compartment (10a, 10b), through the light (20a, 20b) arranged in the partition (11a, 1b). The positioning of the boiler and the filter with respect to that of the light (20a, 20b) thus makes it possible to form a baffle giving the cooled smoke a turbulent movement. Each treatment unit is equipped with means of injection (7a, 7b) of reagents, each connected to a storage and dosing device, which can be provided in the first compartment (9a, 9b) or be deported to the outside. of the box.

Indeed, in the case where the box (1) flue gas treatment is placed outside the building, for example on the roof, the reagent storage and dosing device is put in place near the building, in an accessible place so that it can be recharged regularly and easily with reagents.

The reagent storage and dosing device (not shown) is preferably in the form of a vessel. It comprises in practice a tray for receiving reactive products, which are introduced through a trap communicating with the outside of the device. The tray allows to unload the reagent products. It is mounted free to rotate about a horizontal axis. In this way, the tray is adapted to adopt a first position in which it is intended for receiving said reactive products, and a second position in which it pivots to pour the reactive products at the bottom of the tank. The bottom of the tank is connected to a metering device comprising a metering screw connected to a pipe in which the reagent flows. This tubing further comprises two ends. The first end can be connected to a supply fan to promote the venturi effect. The second end is intended to be connected to the injection means (7a, 7b) of reagents of the unit on which the storage and dosing device (3a, 3b) depends.

Each of the reagent injection means (7a, 7b) is, for example, in the form of a conduit (21a, 21b). The conduit (21a, 21b) comprises two ends (22a, 22b, 23a, 23b). The first end (22a, 22b) is intended to be connected to the metering device. The second end (23a, 23b) passes through the partition (11a, 11b) separating the first and second compartments (9a, 9b, 10a, 10b) below the light (20a, 20b) to open into the second compartment ( 10a, 10b) below the lower level of the filter (8a, 8b). The second compartment (10a, 10b) of each flue gas treatment unit (3a, 3b) is equipped with a dust collector filter (8a, 8b) which occupies substantially the entire volume thereof. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 in particular, the filter (8a, 8b) is fixed at a certain distance from the bottom of the box so as to have a free volume (24a, 24b) between the filter (8a, 8b). ) dust collector and the bottom of the box. The filter (8a, 8b) is in the form of a succession of "socks" (25), through which the fumes are sucked upwardly by the exhaust fan. The cooled fumes, at the passage of the chicane are animated by a turbulent movement, which favors their mixture with the reactive products. The flue gas then enters the dust collector filter (8a, 8b) into which it is filtered and then discharged through the exhaust fan connected to the outlet (5a, 51) of each unit (3a, 3b). The fumes thus treated are then sent to an exhaust stack for discharge into the atmosphere.

The box (1) further comprises an air compressor (26) common to each processing unit. In Figure 1, the compressor (26) is positioned between two adjacent boilers. If the box contains more than 2 treatment units, the size of the compressor is adapted accordingly. This air compressor (26) is connected to air guns (27) for blowing air into the volume (24a, 24b) located under the filter (8a, 8b) of each unit (3a, 3b). smoke treatment. The fact of blowing air into this volume (24a, 24b) makes it possible to resuspend the pulverulent reagents and to mix them with the fumes to be treated. Indeed, the reagents therefore tend to redeposit in the bottom of the box after being suspended. The reagents are thus recycled for reuse several times until their effectiveness becomes insufficient. Efficiency is measured in practice by flue gas analyzes at the outlet of the stack associated with each of the flue gas treatment systems (3a, 3b). Such a process allows a saving of reagents and an optimization of the quantities used. The air compressor (26) is also connected to the dedusting filter (8a, 8b) of each flue gas treatment unit (3a, 3b) via a declogging system (31a, 31b) for injecting air. air therein for filter unclogging operations (8a, 8b). The bottom of the second compartment (10a, 10b) of each flue gas treatment unit (3a, 3b) comprises a dust storage hopper from the dust collector (8a, 8b) and an access flap (28a, 28b). to said hopper from the outside. The emptying of the dust can thus be carried out by suction of the storage hopper. The operation is easy because the access door is accessible and emptying can be done outside the building.

The box (1) illustrated further comprises an electrical box for connecting to the electrical network the elements of each unit (3a, 3b) for treating fumes operating with electrical energy, as well as elements common to all units (3a, 3b) such as the air compressor (26) for example.

As can be seen from the foregoing, the invention provides a compact box (1) for the treatment of a flue gas stream which is very compact compared to the installations of the state of the art. The advantage of such a box (1) lies notably in the fact that its use can be adapted according to the number of crematorium started. The implementation of such a box (1) is also simplified. It suffices simply to connect the water network of the boilers (6a, 6b), the electrical network of the box (1), to connect the inputs (4a, 4b) of fumes to be treated at the outlet of fumes from the furnaces, and to connect the outlets (5a, 5b) of fumes to be treated to a treated flue gas chimney equipped with an exhaust fan. The box (1) according to the invention can be set up in an existing or dedicated room or outside. The invention also relates to a cremation plant of human or animal bodies comprising at least two cremation furnaces, the box (1) previously described as well as 2 fumes evacuation vents treated each provided with a fan of extraction, the flue gas cooling boiler (6a, 6b) of each unit (3a, 3b) being connected to the outlet of the cremation furnaces, and the filter (8a, 8b) of each treatment unit (3a, 3b). each of which is connected to an exhaust chimney. 25

Claims (9)

REVENDICATIONS1. Compact fume treatment box (1) comprising at least 2 adjacent flue gas treatment units (3a, 3b) separated in whole or in part by a wall (29), each unit (3a, 3b) being associated with a flue gas stream to be treated separately and comprising the following means: an inlet (4a, 4b) of fumes to be treated, an outlet (5a, 5b) of treated fumes, a cooling boiler (6a, 6b) communicating with the fumes inlet (4a) , 4b), - injection means (7a, 7b) for communicating with a reagent storage and dosing device, - a filter (8a, 8b) communicating with the flue gas outlet (5a, 5b) said boiler (6a, 6b) and said filter (8a, 8b) of each unit (3a, 3b) being separated by a partition, the lower portion of which has a lumen to allow passage of the cooled smoke stream in a volume (24a). 24b) defined laterally by the walls of the box (1), the wall (29) and the partition (11a, 1b), e t horizontally through the inlet of the filter (8a, 8b) and the bottom of the box, said injection means (7a, 7b) of reagents being arranged to introduce the reagents into said volume (24a, 24b). 2. Housing (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the light (30a, 30b) formed in the partition (11a, 1 lb) separating the filter (8a, 8b) of the boiler (6a, 6b) is arranged so that it is positioned below the filter inlet and above the boiler outlet. 3. Casing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the boiler (6a, 6b) of each unit (3a, 3b) is in the form of a cylinder comprising a heat exchanger (12a, 12b ) air / water connected to a water circuit external to the box (1), the cooled smoke being evacuated in the lower part of the boiler. 4. Housing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reagent injection means (7a, 7b) are in the form of a duct (22a, 22b) opening into the volume ( 24a, 24b) through the partition separating the filter from the boiler. 5. Box (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the conduit opens below the light (20a, 20b) formed in the partition (11a, 11b). 3022612 12 6. Housing (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each unit is separated from the adjacent unit by a sealed wall at least on the portion separating the filters. 5 7. Box (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the filter (8a, 8b) is fixed at a distance from the bottom of the box and in that it is in the form of a succession of "Socks". 10 8. Box (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises an air compressor (26) common to each processing unit. 9. cremation plant of human or animal bodies comprising at least two cremation furnaces, the box (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and 2 fume exhaust chimneys treated each provided with a fan of extraction, the flue gas cooling boiler (6a, 6b) of each unit (3a, 3b) being connected to the outlet of the cremation furnaces, and the filter (8a, 8b) of each treatment unit (3a, 3b) each of which is connected to an exhaust stack. 20