FR3016683A1 - STATION AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING A FLAMMABLE FUEL FLUID - Google Patents
STATION AND METHOD FOR SUPPLYING A FLAMMABLE FUEL FLUID Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR3016683A1 FR3016683A1 FR1450459A FR1450459A FR3016683A1 FR 3016683 A1 FR3016683 A1 FR 3016683A1 FR 1450459 A FR1450459 A FR 1450459A FR 1450459 A FR1450459 A FR 1450459A FR 3016683 A1 FR3016683 A1 FR 3016683A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- reservoir
- cryogenic
- station
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- BYHQTRFJOGIQAO-GOSISDBHSA-N 3-(4-bromophenyl)-8-[(2R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1-[(3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decan-2-one Chemical compound C[C@H](CN1CCC2(CC1)CN(C(=O)N2CC3=CC(=CC=C3)OC)C4=CC=C(C=C4)Br)O BYHQTRFJOGIQAO-GOSISDBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
- F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/032—Orientation with substantially vertical main axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
- F17C2205/0111—Boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
- F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
- F17C2205/0149—Vessel mounted inside another one
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
- F17C2227/0372—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
- F17C2227/0374—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
- F17C2227/044—Methods for emptying or filling by purging
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0447—Composition; Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0447—Composition; Humidity
- F17C2250/0452—Concentration of a product
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
- F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Station de fourniture d'un fluide carburant inflammable comprenant un premier réservoir (2) cryogénique isolé sous vide pour stocker du carburant inflammable, un second réservoir (3) cryogénique isolé sous vide pour le stockage d'un gaz inerte, un circuit (4, 14) de refroidissement en échange thermique avec le premier réservoir (2), le circuit (4, 14) de refroidissement comprenant une extrémité amont reliée au second réservoir (3) cryogénique pour prélever du fluide cryogénique dans le second réservoir (3) cryogénique en vue de céder des frigories du fluide du second réservoir (3) cryogénique vers le premier réservoir (2), la station comprenant un circuit (7) de soutirage de fluide du second réservoir (3), caractérisée en ce que les premier (2) et second (3) réservoirs sont logés dans une enveloppe (12) extérieure commune sous vide, c'est-à-dire que les premier (2) et second (3) réservoirs partagent un vide d'isolation communA flammable fuel fluid supply station comprising a first vacuum-insulated cryogenic tank (2) for storing flammable fuel, a second vacuum-insulated cryogenic tank (3) for storing an inert gas, a circuit (4, 14) for cooling in heat exchange with the first reservoir (2), the cooling circuit (4, 14) comprising an upstream end connected to the second cryogenic reservoir (3) for withdrawing cryogenic fluid in the second cryogenic reservoir (3). in order to transfer frigories of the fluid from the second cryogenic reservoir (3) to the first reservoir (2), the station comprising a circuit (7) for withdrawing fluid from the second reservoir (3), characterized in that the first (2) and second (3) reservoirs are housed in a common external vacuum envelope (12), i.e. the first (2) and second (3) reservoirs share a common insulation void
Description
La présente invention concerne une station de fourniture d'un fluide carburant inflammable. L'invention concerne plus particulièrement une station de fourniture d'un fluide carburant inflammable, la station comprenant un premier réservoir cryogénique isolé sous vide pour stocker du carburant inflammable sous la forme d'un liquide cryogénique, un second réservoir cryogénique isolé sous vide pour le stockage d'un gaz inerte stocké sous forme de liquide cryogénique, un circuit de refroidissement en échange thermique avec le premier réservoir, le circuit de refroidissement comprenant une extrémité amont reliée au second réservoir cryogénique pour prélever du fluide cryogénique dans le second réservoir cryogénique en vue de céder des frigories du fluide du second réservoir cryogénique vers le premier réservoir, la station comprenant un circuit de soutirage de fluide du second réservoir. Le stockage d'un liquide cryogénique dans un réservoir isolé sous vide est sujet à une remontée de sa pression interne. En effet, en l'absence de soutirage de liquide régulier, les entrées de chaleur par les supports du réservoir, les tuyauteries et l'isolation réchauffent le vide inter-parois. Du liquide se vaporise dans le réservoir et de ce fait la pression va augmenter jusqu'à l'ouverture d'une soupape de sécurité.The present invention relates to a station for supplying a flammable fuel fluid. The invention more particularly relates to a station for supplying a flammable fuel fluid, the station comprising a first vacuum-insulated cryogenic tank for storing flammable fuel in the form of a cryogenic liquid, a second cryogenic vacuum-insulated tank for the storage of an inert gas stored as a cryogenic liquid, a cooling circuit in heat exchange with the first tank, the cooling circuit comprising an upstream end connected to the second cryogenic tank for withdrawing cryogenic fluid in the second cryogenic tank in order to transferring frigories of the fluid from the second cryogenic reservoir to the first reservoir, the station comprising a fluid withdrawal circuit of the second reservoir. The storage of a cryogenic liquid in a vacuum insulated tank is subject to a rise in its internal pressure. Indeed, in the absence of regular liquid withdrawal, the heat inputs by the tank supports, pipes and insulation warm the inter-wall void. Liquid vaporizes in the tank and therefore the pressure will increase until a safety valve is opened.
Le dégazage de gaz tels l'azote, l'oxygène et l'argon ne pose pas trop de problème cependant, lorsque le gaz stocké est inflammable (gaz naturel, hydrogène...) un tel dégazage risque de créer un nuage explosif donc une « zone ATEX ». Une solution connue consiste à condenser dans le réservoir une partie de la phase gazeuse ou à refroidir le liquide pour éviter sa vaporisation via un réservoir de fluide de refroidissement (cf. le document DE19903214). Cette solution augment cependant l'encombrement, le coût et la complexité de l'installation. Un but de la présente invention est de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients de l'art antérieur relevés ci-dessus. A cette fin, la station selon l'invention, par ailleurs conforme à la définition générique qu'en donne le préambule ci-dessus, est essentiellement caractérisée en ce que les premier et second réservoirs sont logés dans une enveloppe extérieure commune sous vide, c'est-à-dire que les premier et second réservoirs partagent un vide d'isolation commun. Par ailleurs, des modes de réalisation de l'invention peuvent comporter l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes : - le second réservoir est disposé au-dessus du premier réservoir, - le premier réservoir contient un carburant parmi : du gaz naturel, de l'hydrogène, - le second réservoir contient un gaz parmi : de l'azote, de l'argon, - le circuit de refroidissement comporte au moins une conduite 10 comprenant une extrémité amont reliée au second réservoir, la au moins une conduites étant munie d'un échangeur de chaleur logé dans le premier réservoir, - le circuit de refroidissement comprend deux conduites munies chacunes d'un échangeur de chaleur, les deux échangeurs de chaleur étant situés respectivement dans les partie supérieure et inférieure du premier réservoir, 15 - le circuit de soutirage de fluide du second réservoir est relié fluidiquement au circuit de refroidissement et alimenté en fluide issu de ce dernier, - le circuit de soutirage comporte une cheminée munie d'un clapet formant un évent en cas de surpression déterminée au sein dudit circuit, - la station comprend au moins un détecteur de fuite de carburant du 20 premier réservoir et au moins un organe piloté d'ouverture d'une portion du circuit de soutirage, le au moins un organe d'ouverture étant commandé automatiquement en réponse à une détection de fuite par le au moins détecteur (5) pour relâcher du fluide issu du second réservoir cryogénique de façon à inerter un volume au sein de la station, 25 - le au moins un organe d'ouverture est espacé de l'enveloppe extérieure commune d'une distance comprise zéro mètre et cinq mètres et de préférence entre zéro et deux mètres. L'invention peut concerner également tout dispositif ou procédé alternatif comprenant toute combinaison des caractéristiques ci-dessus ou ci-dessous. 30 D'autres particularités et avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description ci-après, faite en référence aux figures dans lesquelles : - la figure 1 représente une vue en coupe, schématique et partielle illustrant un premier exemple de réalisation d'une station de fourniture de carburant selon l'invention, - la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe, schématique et partielle illustrant un second exemple de réalisation d'une station de fourniture de carburant selon l'invention. La station 1 illustrée à la figure 1 est une station de fourniture d'un fluide carburant inflammable, par exemple du gaz naturel à partir d'un premier réservoir 2 cryogénique stockant le carburant inflammable sous la forme d'un liquide cryogénique (par exemple à -140°C). Plus précisément, le premier réservoir 2 contient un mélange diphasique liquide/gaz. Le premier réservoir 2 peut contenir par exemple un carburant parmi : du gaz naturel, de l'hydrogène. La station 1 comprend un second réservoir 3 cryogénique de stockage d'un gaz non inflammable et notamment un gaz inerte tel que de l'azote stocké à une 15 température de -196°C. Le second réservoir 2 contient par exemple un gaz parmi : de l'azote, de l'argon. Le gaz inerte est également stocké sous forme de liquide cryogénique (mélange diphasique liquide/gaz). Les premier 2 et second 3 réservoirs sont des réservoirs cryogéniques à 20 double parois avec vide inter-parois. La station 1 comprend un circuit 15 de soutirage de fluide du premier réservoir 3. Ce circuit 15 comprend par exemple une conduite de fourniture de carburant liquide vers un utilisateur, par exemple pour remplir des capacités ou des réservoirs de véhicules. Alternativement ou en combinaison, le liquide soutiré 25 peut être fourni à une unité de vaporisation pour alimenter un utilisateur en gaz. La station 1 comprend un circuit 4 de refroidissement en échange thermique avec le premier réservoir 2 et notamment avec le fluide à l'intérieur du premier 2 réservoir. Les premier 2 et second 3 réservoirs comportent une enveloppe extérieure 30 12 commune. C'est-à-dire que les premier 2 et deuxième 3 réservoirs partagent un vide d'air commun (par exemple un niveau de pression de 5.10-3 mbar) et également le cas échéant une isolation thermique (couche(s) d'isolant(s) commun(s)).The degassing of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen and argon does not pose too much problem however, when the stored gas is flammable (natural gas, hydrogen ...) such degassing risks creating an explosive cloud so a "ATEX zone". A known solution is to condense in the tank a portion of the gas phase or to cool the liquid to prevent its vaporization via a coolant reservoir (see DE19903214). This solution, however, increases the size, cost and complexity of the installation. An object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the disadvantages of the prior art noted above. For this purpose, the station according to the invention, moreover in conformity with the generic definition given in the preamble above, is essentially characterized in that the first and second reservoirs are housed in a common external envelope under vacuum, c that is, the first and second reservoirs share a common insulation void. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may include one or more of the following features: the second reservoir is disposed above the first reservoir; the first reservoir contains one of: natural gas, hydrogen, the second reservoir contains one of: nitrogen, argon, the cooling circuit comprises at least one pipe comprising an upstream end connected to the second reservoir, the at least one pipe being provided with a heat exchanger housed in the first tank, the cooling circuit comprises two pipes each provided with a heat exchanger, the two heat exchangers being located respectively in the upper and lower part of the first tank, the circuit fluid withdrawal of the second tank is fluidly connected to the cooling circuit and supplied with fluid from the latter, - the withdrawal circuit comprises a stack provided with a valve forming a vent in case of determined overpressure within said circuit, the station comprises at least one fuel leakage detector of the first tank and at least one controlled member for opening a portion of the withdrawal circuit, the at least one opening member being automatically controlled in response to a leak detection by the at least one detector (5) for releasing fluid from the second cryogenic tank so as to inert a volume within the station, the at least one opening member is spaced from the common outer envelope by a distance of zero meter and five meters and preferably between zero and two meters. The invention may also relate to any alternative device or method comprising any combination of the above or below features. Other features and advantages will appear on reading the description below, with reference to the figures in which: FIG. 1 represents a schematic and partial sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of a station of supply of fuel according to the invention, - Figure 2 shows a sectional view, schematic and partial illustrating a second embodiment of a fuel supply station according to the invention. The station 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 is a station for supplying a flammable fuel fluid, for example natural gas, from a first cryogenic tank 2 storing the flammable fuel in the form of a cryogenic liquid (for example -140 ° C). More precisely, the first reservoir 2 contains a diphasic liquid / gas mixture. The first tank 2 may contain, for example, one of: natural gas, hydrogen. Station 1 comprises a second cryogenic tank 3 for storing a non-flammable gas and in particular an inert gas such as nitrogen stored at a temperature of -196 ° C. The second reservoir 2 contains for example one of: nitrogen, argon. The inert gas is also stored as a cryogenic liquid (two-phase liquid / gas mixture). The first 2 and second 3 tanks are double wall cryogenic tanks with inter-wall void. The station 1 comprises a fluid withdrawal circuit 15 for the first tank 3. This circuit 15 comprises, for example, a pipe for supplying liquid fuel to a user, for example to fill tanks or tanks of vehicles. Alternatively or in combination, the withdrawn liquid may be supplied to a vaporization unit to supply a user with gas. The station 1 comprises a cooling circuit 4 in heat exchange with the first tank 2 and in particular with the fluid inside the first tank 2. The first 2 and second 3 tanks have a common outer shell 12. That is to say that the first 2 and second 3 tanks share a common air gap (for example a pressure level of 5.10-3 mbar) and also if necessary a thermal insulation (layer (s) of common insulation (s)).
Ainsi, l'enveloppe 12 extérieure commune forme au sein de la station 1 une entité physique unique pour les deux stockages 2 et 3. Par exemple, le second réservoir 3 peut être disposé au-dessus du premier réservoir (ou inversement) ce qui permet de diminuer la surface au sol de l'ensemble.Thus, the common outer envelope 12 forms, within the station 1, a single physical entity for the two storages 2 and 3. For example, the second reservoir 3 can be placed above the first reservoir (or vice versa) which allows to reduce the floor area of the whole.
De plus, le second réservoir 3, qui contient un fluide relativement plus froid que le fluide du premier réservoir 2 permet de conserver une ambiance froide au sein de l'enveloppe extérieure 12. Dans l'exemple de la figure 1 le circuit de refroidissement comprend une conduite 4 ayant une extrémité amont située dans le volume commun isolé sous 10 vide et reliée au second réservoir 3 cryogénique pour prélever du fluide cryogénique dans le second réservoir 3 cryogénique. En aval, ladite conduite 4 comprend une portion 9 en échange thermique avec l'intérieur du premier réservoir 1 en vue de céder des frigories du fluide du second réservoir 3 cryogénique vers le premier réservoir 2. 15 Cette portion 9 d'échange thermique comprend par exemple un serpentin, un condenseur ou tout type d'échangeur de chaleur approprié. En aval de l'échangeur 9, la conduite 4 sort de l'enveloppe 12 extérieure commune et alimente ou constitue un circuit 7 de soutirage de fluide du second réservoir 3. 20 La figure 2 illustre une variante possible de réalisation de l'invention dont les éléments identiques à ceux décrits ci-dessus sont désignés par les mêmes références numériques et ne sont pas décrits une seconde fois. Dans la variante de réalisation de la figure 2 le circuit 4 de refroidissement comprend deux conduites 4, 14 ayant une extrémité amont reliée au second 25 réservoir 3 cryogénique et comportant chacune en aval une portion 9, 10 en échange thermique (échangeur de chaleur) avec l'intérieur du premier réservoir 2. Dans l'exemple illustré les deux conduites 4, 14 possèdent des extrémités amont (reliées au second réservoir 3) distinctes. Bien entendu, il est possible d'envisager une commune pour le raccordement au second réservoir 3. 30 Les deux échangeurs 9, 10 sont logés à l'intérieur du premier réservoir 2 et sont situés respectivement en partie supérieure et inférieure du premier réservoir 2 pour refroidir respectivement le parties gazeuse et liquide du carburant.In addition, the second reservoir 3, which contains a relatively cooler fluid than the fluid of the first reservoir 2, maintains a cold environment within the outer casing 12. In the example of FIG. 1, the cooling circuit comprises a pipe 4 having an upstream end located in the vacuum-insulated common volume and connected to the second cryogenic tank 3 for withdrawing cryogenic fluid in the second cryogenic tank 3. Downstream, said pipe 4 comprises a portion 9 in heat exchange with the interior of the first tank 1 in order to transfer frigories of the fluid from the second cryogenic tank 3 to the first tank 2. This heat exchange portion 9 comprises by example a coil, a condenser or any type of suitable heat exchanger. Downstream of the exchanger 9, the pipe 4 exits the common outer shell 12 and feeds or constitutes a fluid withdrawal circuit 7 of the second tank 3. FIG. 2 illustrates a possible variant embodiment of the invention of which elements identical to those described above are designated by the same reference numerals and are not described a second time. In the embodiment of Figure 2 the cooling circuit 4 comprises two pipes 4, 14 having an upstream end connected to the second cryogenic tank 3 and each having a downstream portion 9, 10 in heat exchange (heat exchanger) with Inside the first tank 2. In the example shown, the two pipes 4, 14 have separate upstream ends (connected to the second tank 3). Of course, it is possible to envisage a common for the connection to the second tank 3. The two heat exchangers 9, 10 are housed inside the first tank 2 and are situated respectively in the upper and lower part of the first tank 2 for respectively cooling the gaseous and liquid parts of the fuel.
En aval des échangeurs 9, 10, les conduites peuvent former deux extrémités distinctes de fourniture de fluide de refroidissement réchauffé à un utilisateur (sous forme gazeuse et/ou liquide). De plus, la station 1 de la figure 2 comprend en outre un système facultatif de détection de fuite et de protection contre l'incendie. Plus précisément, la station 1 comprend un détecteur 5 de fuite de carburant du premier réservoir 2. Le détecteur 5 de fuite comprend par exemple au moins l'un parmi : un capteur de carburant (notamment un capteur de gaz naturel), une sonde catalytique, un capteur chimique, un capteur de type optique ou tout autre système approprié. De plus, la station comprend deux organes 6, 11 pilotés d'ouverture d'une portion du circuit 4, 7 de refroidissement/soutirage. Les deux organes 6, 11 d'ouvertures distincts sont de préférence espacés et alimentés respectivement par les deux conduites 4, 14 du circuit de refroidissement. Les deux organes 6 d'ouverture sont commandés automatiquement en réponse à une détection de fuite par le détecteur 5 pour relâcher du fluide issu du second réservoir 3 cryogénique de façon à inerter un volume au sein de la station. Les organes 6, 11 d'ouverture peuvent comprend au moins l'un parmi : un robinet, une vanne, une buse de pulvérisation ou tout autre dispositif approprié 20 permettant de libérer du gaz inerte dans une zone déterminée en réponse à une détection de fuite de carburant. Par exemple, l'un au moins des organes 6, 11 d'ouverture est espacé du premier réservoir 2 d'une distance comprise zéro mètre et cinq mètres et de préférence entre zéro et deux mètres, pour inerter la zone directement adjacente 25 au premier réservoir 2. En variante, l'un des organes 6, 11 d'ouverture est situé à distance, pour inerter une zone plus éloignée, par exemple entre deux et dix mètre si la fuite est susceptible de s'y produire et constitue une zone à risque. Les deux organes 6, 11 d'ouverture peuvent ainsi déboucher dans des zones distinctes ou communes de la station.Downstream of the heat exchangers 9, 10, the pipes can form two separate ends for supplying heated cooling fluid to a user (in gaseous and / or liquid form). In addition, the station 1 of Figure 2 further comprises an optional system for leak detection and fire protection. More specifically, the station 1 comprises a fuel leak detector 5 of the first tank 2. The leak detector 5 comprises for example at least one of: a fuel sensor (in particular a natural gas sensor), a catalytic probe , a chemical sensor, an optical type sensor or any other suitable system. In addition, the station comprises two bodies 6, 11 controlled opening a portion of the circuit 4, 7 cooling / racking. The two members 6, 11 of separate openings are preferably spaced and fed respectively by the two lines 4, 14 of the cooling circuit. The two opening members 6 are automatically controlled in response to leak detection by the detector 5 to release fluid from the second cryogenic tank 3 so as to inert a volume within the station. The opening members 6, 11 may comprise at least one of: a valve, a valve, a spray nozzle, or any other suitable device for releasing inert gas into a defined area in response to a leak detection fuel. For example, at least one of the opening members 6, 11 is spaced from the first reservoir 2 by a distance of between zero and five meters, and preferably between zero and two meters, to inert the area directly adjacent to the first one. 2. Alternatively, one of the opening members 6, 11 is located at a distance, to inerter a more distant zone, for example between two and ten meters if the leak is likely to occur there and constitutes a zone at risk. The two opening members 6, 11 can thus open in separate or common areas of the station.
30 Dans le cas où la station comprend une armoire 8 de commande regroupant des organes fonctionnels de commande de la station 1 (vannes, électronique de commande, afficheurs...) l'un au moins des organes 6, 11 d'ouverture peut comporter une extrémité qui débouche au moins en partie dans ladite armoire 8 en vue de la protéger d'un incendie. Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples ci-dessus, par exemple, la station 1 de la figure 1 peut ne comporter qu'un seul ou trois ou plus de trois organes d'ouverture. De même, la station de la figure 1 peut comporter également facultativement un système de détection de fuite et de protection contre l'incendie conforme à celui de la figure 2 (par exemple avec un organe 6 d'ouverture). On conçoit donc aisément que tout en étant de structure simple et peu coûteuse, la station 1 permet de combiner structurellement été fonctionnellement deux réservoirs cryogéniques. La station peut être fixe ou mobile (montée sur une remorque ou un véhicule).In the case where the station comprises a control cabinet 8 grouping functional control members of the station 1 (valves, control electronics, displays ...) at least one of the opening members 6, 11 can comprise an end which opens at least partially in said cabinet 8 to protect it from a fire. Of course, the invention is not limited to the above examples, for example, the station 1 of Figure 1 may have only one or three or more opening members. Similarly, the station of Figure 1 may also optionally include a leak detection and fire protection system according to that of Figure 2 (eg with an opening member 6). It is therefore easy to conceive that while being of simple and inexpensive structure, the station 1 makes it possible to structurally combine two cryogenic tanks functionally. The station can be stationary or mobile (mounted on a trailer or a vehicle).
Claims (11)
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DE102010020476A1 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-17 | Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh | Method and device for storing, transferring and / or transporting cryogenic liquefied combustible gas |
EP2565513A1 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-06 | Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH | Tank assembly and method for storing and/or transporting deep cooled liquid gases |
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DE102010020476A1 (en) * | 2010-05-14 | 2011-11-17 | Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh | Method and device for storing, transferring and / or transporting cryogenic liquefied combustible gas |
EP2565513A1 (en) * | 2011-08-30 | 2013-03-06 | Air Liquide Deutschland GmbH | Tank assembly and method for storing and/or transporting deep cooled liquid gases |
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