FR3065796A1 - THERMAL EXCHANGER IMPLEMENTED IN A THERMAL CONTROL CIRCUIT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE BATTERY PACK - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal conditioning system for a motor vehicle comprising: - an air conditioning circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, - a thermal regulation circuit of at least one electrical energy storage element, comprising a heat exchanger thermal device (1) arranged in thermal contact with said at least one electrical energy storage element, said heat exchanger (1) comprising a bundle of tubes (40) for circulating a heat transfer fluid able to heat exchange with said at least one an electrical energy storage element, the ends of the tubes (40) entering an intake manifold (2) of the heat transfer fluid and a discharge manifold (3) of the coolant respectively. According to the invention, at least one of said collectors (2, 3) of the heat exchanger (1) comprises: - a first chamber (26) in which extends at least one passage (23) for circulating the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation circuit and at least one conduit (220, 221) for circulating the cooling fluid of the air conditioning circuit, so that the coolant circulating in the at least one passage (23) thermally exchanges with the refrigerant circulating in said at least one conduit (220, 221), and - a second heat transfer fluid circulating chamber (25) communicating with said at least one passage (23) of the first chamber (26) and said bundle of tubes (40) of said heat exchanger (1).

Description

© Publication no .: 3,065,796 (to be used only for reproduction orders)

©) National registration number: 17 53654 ® FRENCH REPUBLIC

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

COURBEVOIE © Int Cl ⁸ : F28 F 9/02 (2017.01), B 60 H 1/00, H 01 M 10/613

A1 PATENT APPLICATION

©) Date of filing: 27.04.17. © Applicant (s): VALEO THERMAL SYSTEMS (© Priority: Simplified joint stock company - FR. @ Inventor (s): DENOUAL CHRISTOPHE. ©) Date of public availability of the request: 02.11.18 Bulletin 18/44. ©) List of documents cited in the report preliminary research: Refer to end of present booklet (© References to other national documents ® Holder (s): VALEO THERMAL SYSTEMS related: Joint stock company. ©) Extension request (s): © Agent (s): VALEO THERMAL SYSTEMS.

HEAT EXCHANGER IMPLEMENTED IN A THERMAL REGULATION CIRCUIT OF A MOTOR VEHICLE PACKBATTERY.

FR 3 065 796 - A1

The invention relates to a thermal conditioning system of a motor vehicle comprising:

- an air conditioning circuit in which a refrigerant circulates,

- a thermal regulation circuit of at least one electrical energy storage element, comprising a heat exchanger (1) disposed in thermal contact with said at least one electrical energy storage element, said heat exchanger (1) comprising a bundle of tubes (40) for circulation of a heat transfer fluid capable of thermally exchanging with said at least one element for storing electrical energy, the ends of the tubes (40) penetrating into an intake manifold (2) of the fluid coolant and an evacuation manifold (3) of the coolant respectively.

According to the invention, at least one of said collectors (2, 3) of the heat exchanger (1) comprises:

- A first chamber (26) in which extends at least one passage (23) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation circuit and at least one conduit (220, 221) for circulation of the coolant of the air conditioning circuit, so that the heat transfer fluid circulating in said at least one passage (23) thermally exchanges with the refrigerant fluid circulating in said at least one duct (220, 221), and

- A second chamber (25) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid communicating with said at least one passage (23) of the first chamber (26) and said bundle of tubes (40) of said heat exchanger (1).

i

Heat exchanger implemented in a thermal regulation circuit of a motor vehicle battery pack

1. Field of the invention

The present invention relates to the thermal regulation of an assembly of at least one battery.

The invention relates more particularly to a thermal management device with heat transfer fluid for an assembly of at least one battery in the field of motor vehicles with electric and / or hybrid motorization.

The invention further relates to a thermal regulation circuit of at least one battery of a motor vehicle implementing such a thermal management device and a heat exchanger used in such a thermal management device.

2. Prior art

The electrical energy of vehicles with electric and / or hybrid motorization is supplied by one or more batteries.

In this type of vehicle, the battery is generally formed by a plurality of electrical cells arranged in a protective housing in order to form what is called a battery pack.

One problem is that during operation the batteries heat up and may be damaged.

In addition, if the temperature is too low, the autonomy of the battery may decrease considerably.

The thermal regulation of the battery is therefore an important point.

Indeed, the temperature of the battery must remain between 20 ° C and

40 ° C to ensure the reliability, autonomy, and performance of the vehicle, while optimizing the battery life.

This regulation of the temperature of the battery, and in particular its cooling, is ensured by means of a heat transfer fluid which circulates in a thermal management device placed inside the case of the battery pack and which consists of a plate or of heat exchange tubes, in contact with the electrical cells, so as to regulate their temperature by thermal conduction.

A heat exchange plate is generally made of thermally conductive material and is composed of two plates placed side by side in order to form one or more channels for circulation of the heat-transfer fluid, the ends of which are respectively connected to a collector. .

Such a thermal regulation circuit (or loop) 6 of the batteries, illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 1, further comprises a pump P for forcing the circulation of the heat transfer fluid inside the heat exchange plate 61.

The heat transfer fluid can thus absorb the heat emitted by the electrical cells in order to cool them and to evacuate this heat at the level of a heat exchanger 8, located outside the case of the battery pack.

The heat transfer fluid can also, if necessary, provide heat to heat the electrical cells.

To do this, the thermal regulation loop 6 comprises an additional heating device H, using for example electrical resistors or resistors with a positive temperature coefficient.

Such an additional heating device H is essential for regulating the temperature of the electrical cells, in particular by low temperatures in winter, where it is necessary to increase the temperature of the electrical cells before starting to charge them.

Furthermore, vehicles are frequently equipped with a heating, ventilation, and / or air conditioning installation to thermally regulate the interior space of the vehicle cabin by delivering an interior air flow at the desired temperature.

The heating, ventilation, and / or air conditioning installation generally comprises an air conditioning loop 7 inside which a refrigerant fluid circulates, and more precisely a main loop 74 comprising a compressor 76 forcing the circulation of refrigerant fluid in this loop. main 74 so that it passes through a condenser 77 before passing through an expansion device, or regulator, TXV1 then an evaporator 78 (making it possible to cool an air intended to circulate towards the passenger compartment of the vehicle, before reaching again the compressor 76.

In this main loop 74, the refrigerant thus performs a thermodynamic cycle in which it dissipates its heat at the level of the condenser 77, and in which it collects the heat at the level of the evaporator 78.

In certain cases, the thermal regulation loop 6 of the electrical cells is in relation to the air conditioning loop 7, so as to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat transfer fluid, in particular intended for cooling the electrical cells.

The heat transfer liquid of the thermal regulation circuit 6 of the electrical cells can thus be cooled by circulation in the heat exchanger 8 of the heat transfer liquid / coolant type, which is connected to the air conditioning loop 7.

More specifically, the main loop 74 is connected to the heat exchanger 8 by means of another bypass loop 71, which is connected to the outlet of the condenser 77 and to the inlet of the compressor 76.

This bypass loop 71 comprises a TXV regulator 2 which the refrigerant passes through before circulating in the heat exchanger 8 to then return to the main loop by being reinjected at the inlet of the compressor 76.

However, such a solution using the air conditioning loop for cooling but requiring an additional heating device for heating the battery and a pump, is bulky and does not meet the current requirements of the automotive field.

Indeed, due to the perpetual increase in the level of electrification of hybrid and electric vehicles, it is necessary to increase the quantity of cells for storing electrical energy.

However, the space allocated to the integration of such electrical cells is limited, so that it is necessary to optimize the size of the thermal regulation circuit of the electrical cells.

Furthermore, this solution lacks precision and efficiency so that it does not allow the temperature of the heat transfer fluid to be homogenized in the heat exchange plate with sufficient precision.

3. Summary of the invention

To this end, the invention provides a thermal conditioning system for a motor vehicle comprising:

an air conditioning circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, a thermal regulation circuit of at least one element for storing electrical energy, comprising a heat exchanger disposed in thermal contact with said at least one element for storing electrical energy, said heat exchanger comprising a bundle of tubes for circulation of a heat transfer fluid capable of thermally exchanging with said at least one element for storing electrical energy, the ends of the tubes penetrating into an intake manifold of the heat transfer fluid and a manifold of evacuation of the heat transfer fluid respectively.

According to the invention, at least one of said collectors of the heat exchanger comprises:

a first chamber in which extends at least one passage for circulation of the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation circuit and at least one conduit for circulation of the coolant of the air conditioning circuit, so that the heat transfer fluid circulating in said at least a passage heat exchange with the refrigerant circulating in said at least one conduit, and a second circulation chamber of the heat transfer fluid communicating with said at least one passage of the first chamber and said bundle of tubes of said heat exchanger.

The present invention thus proposes a new type of thermal management device for electrical cells, in the form of a tube heat exchanger, which is implemented in a thermal regulation loop in relation to the air conditioning loop of a vehicle. , so as to allow a heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat transfer fluid, in particular intended for the cooling of electrical cells.

More specifically, the thermal regulation device simultaneously performs the functions of thermal management of the electrical cells and of heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation loop and the refrigerant fluid of the air conditioning loop.

To do this, at least one duct of the air conditioning loop transporting the refrigerant passes through at least one manifold, such as the intake manifold through which the heat transfer fluid passes, of the device for thermal regulation of the electrical cells.

The heat transfer fluid can thus absorb the heat emitted by the electrical cells in order to cool them and dissipate this heat, not at the level of an additional heat exchanger as described in the prior art, but at the level of the collector of intake of heat transfer fluid from the thermal management device in which the heat transfer fluid is in thermal contact with the coolant.

In other words, the thermal regulation loop exchanges heat with the air conditioning loop inside the thermal management device.

The approach of the invention therefore makes it possible, in general, to reduce the size and the weight of the thermal regulation circuit of the electric cells forming the battery, by reintegrating the heat exchange function between the heat transfer liquid and the coolant in a distributor box of the heat exchanger intended to thermally regulate the batteries (this heat exchanger thus performs two functions).

This solution reduces the bulk, is less costly and makes it possible to reduce the fluid connections.

More generally, this makes it possible to reduce the size of the thermal conditioning system in the motor vehicle, to facilitate its installation and to minimize the risks of non-tightness due to the reduction in the number of fluidic connections.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, said at least one manifold is arranged to circulate the heat transfer fluid in said at least one passage from the first chamber in a first direction and in the second chamber in a second direction in a direction opposite to the first direction.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, said at least one passage for circulation of the coolant fluid extends along said at least one duct for passage of the refrigerant fluid.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, the first chamber comprises, in an alternating manner, a passage for circulation of the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation circuit and a conduit for passage of the refrigerant fluid of the air conditioning circuit.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, the ends of said at least one coolant circulation duct are each fixed to a support plate disposed at one end of said at least one manifold and extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of this latest.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the first chamber comprises at least one inlet duct for the refrigerant fluid and at least one outlet duct for the refrigerant fluid connected, at a first end of the manifold by a turning portion, and defining a path for circulation of the U-shaped coolant in said at least manifold.

According to this configuration, the refrigerant circulates in a first direction in at least one inlet duct arranged in said at least collector, then in the turning portion and finally in at least one outlet duct arranged in said at least collector according to a second direction opposite to the first direction.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, the turning portion is a cavity into which open at least one inlet duct for the refrigerant fluid and at least one outlet duct for the refrigerant fluid, said cavity being defined between a support plate and means for closing off one end of said at least one collector.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, the second circulation chamber of the heat transfer fluid communicates with said at least one passage of the first chamber by means of at least one orifice formed in a wall separating the first and second chambers in leaktight manner. of said collector.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, said at least one coolant circulation conduit extends over substantially the entire length of said manifold.

This makes it possible to homogenize the heat exchange between the coolant and the heat transfer fluid.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, said at least one collector comprises an inlet for refrigerant fluid opening into said at least one inlet duct for circulation of the coolant fluid and an outlet for refrigerant fluid opening into said at least one outlet duct refrigerant circulation.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the intake manifold comprises a heat transfer fluid inlet port and the discharge manifold comprises a heat transfer fluid outlet port.

Advantageously, the intake manifold comprises, at one of its ends, a connection flange on which are positioned the coolant inlet port, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet.

This arrangement facilitates the management of the space necessary for the integration of the heat exchanger in the vehicle.

Advantageously, the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet are carried by the same outer face of the connection flange so that their axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the intake manifold, the port of heat transfer fluid inlet being carried by a flange of the connection flange so that its axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the intake manifold.

Advantageously, the connection flange is made of aluminum.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, said at least one coolant circulation duct of the first chamber comprises a plurality of internal channels.

It is therefore in this case a multichannel conduit.

Advantageously, the passage or passages for circulation of heat transfer fluid in the first chamber each comprise at least one fluid disturbance element promoting the heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid.

According to a particular aspect of the invention, said at least one disturbing element is formed from a corrugated heat-conducting sheet, the crests of which are in alternating contact with two conduits for the passage of the coolant arranged on either side. of the disturbance element.

Advantageously, said intake and exhaust manifolds are made of aluminum or plastic.

According to an exemplary embodiment, said second circulation chamber of the heat transfer fluid comprises at least one opening for discharging the heat transfer fluid outside said heat exchanger, to another heat exchanger for example.

This makes it possible to reduce the size of the thermal regulation circuit of the battery, by reducing the fluidic connections.

Advantageously, said bundle of tubes is composed of flat aluminum tubes.

Advantageously, the second chamber extends substantially in the plane of the bundle of tubes.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the first chamber and the second chamber are formed in the intake manifold of the heat exchanger.

According to an alternative, the first chamber and the second chamber are formed in the exhaust manifold of the heat exchanger.

According to another alternative, each of the intake and exhaust manifolds comprises a first and a second chamber.

The present invention also relates to a heat exchanger intended to be implemented in the thermal regulation circuit of a thermal conditioning system as described above.

According to exemplary embodiments, a first chamber and a second chamber are formed in the intake manifold and / or the exhaust manifold.

4. List of figures

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, given by way of simple illustrative and nonlimiting example, and of the appended figures, namely:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a thermal conditioning system of a motor vehicle according to the prior art, described above;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger according to the invention, which is implemented in a thermal regulation circuit of a battery pack of a motor vehicle;

Figure 3A is a detail view of the heat exchanger of Figure 2, at the intake manifold, without the connection flange;

Figure 3B is a sectional view of another heat exchanger according to the invention, at the intake manifold, without the connection flange;

Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of the heat exchanger of Figure 2 schematically describing the circulation of the coolant and the refrigerant within this exchanger;

Figure 5 is another detail view of the heat exchanger according to the invention, at the intake manifold, without the connection flange and without the outer wall of the intake manifold;

Figure 6 is another detail view of the heat exchanger according to the invention, showing in particular the connection of the heat transfer fluid inlet port on the intake manifold;

FIGS. 7A to 7C are detailed views of the end of the intake manifold opposite the connection flange.

5. Detailed description of the invention

The thermal conditioning system of an electric vehicle according to the invention comprises a first air conditioning circuit or loop and a second thermal regulation circuit of a vehicle battery.

This second circuit includes a heat exchanger intended to regulate the temperature of several electrical energy storage elements, called electric cells, constituting the battery, either by heating the cells, or by cooling them.

This heat exchanger, which will be described in more detail below, is arranged with the electrical cells in a closed and sealed housing thus forming a battery pack.

Contrary to the approach of the prior art which provides for the implementation, in the thermal regulation circuit, of a heat exchange plate or tubes in contact with the electrical cells and of a separate heat exchanger, type coolant / coolant, connected to the air conditioning loop and in which the coolant of the thermal regulation circuit circulates and is cooled, the invention provides that the coolant is cooled by the coolant in a single heat exchanger in contact with electrical cells.

More specifically, the coolant is cooled by the coolant at the intake manifold and / or the coolant discharge manifold of the heat exchanger, these intake and discharge manifolds communicating with a beam of circulation tubes of the heat transfer fluid which is in contact with the battery.

In the embodiment described below, the heat transfer liquid is cooled by the coolant only at the heat transfer fluid intake manifold of the heat exchanger.

Such a heat exchanger performs the heating and / or cooling functions of the electrical cells.

The heat transfer fluid can thus absorb the heat emitted by the electrical cells in order to cool them and / or as required, it can provide them with heat if the temperature of the electrical cells is insufficient for their proper functioning.

FIG. 2 illustrates a heat exchanger 1 according to an embodiment of the invention, which is intended for thermal management of the battery of a vehicle.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the heat exchanges between the electrical cells and the heat exchanger 1 are implemented at the level of a bundle of heat exchange tubes 40 in which a heat transfer fluid circulates and on which the electrical cells rest .

The heat exchanger 1 comprises two collectors 2, 3 in fluid communication with the heat exchange tubes 40.

The intake manifold 2 comprises at one of its ends an inlet port 21 for heat transfer fluid for the distribution of the heat transfer fluid in the heat exchanger 1.

The discharge manifold 3 comprises at one of its ends an outlet port 31 for heat transfer fluid for removing heat transfer fluid from the heat exchanger 1.

Thus, the inlet port 21 and the outlet port 31 of heat transfer fluid are located on the same side of the heat exchanger 1 in this embodiment.

In this configuration, the heat transfer fluid is admitted by one of the two collectors, called the intake manifold 2, and is discharged by the other of the two collectors, called the discharge manifold 3.

The circulation of the heat transfer fluid between the intake manifold 2 and the discharge manifold 3 of the heat exchanger 1 takes place here according to a circuit called in I.

Furthermore, the heat transfer fluid is set in motion in the thermal regulation circuit, and in particular in the heat exchanger 1, by means of a pump (not shown).

In this embodiment, the intake manifold 2 has a parallelepiped shape and the discharge manifold 3 is of tubular shape.

Furthermore, the tubes 40 are here multi-channel flat tubes making it possible to increase the contact surface, and therefore heat exchange, with the electrical cells (not shown) of the motor vehicle.

According to the invention, the intake manifold 2 of the heat exchanger 1 comprises a path 22 for circulation of the refrigerant which forms part of the air conditioning loop of the vehicle thermal conditioning system.

In this embodiment, the path 22 for circulation of the coolant has a U-shape, and is defined by two inlet conduits 220 and two outlet conduits 221 comprising a plurality of juxtaposed channels for passage of the coolant.

The inlet conduits 220 and the outlet conduits 221 are fixed spaced apart by their ends between two support plates 52 (one of these plates being visible in FIG. 3). They are arranged parallel along the longitudinal axis A of the intake manifold 2.

The intake manifold 2 comprises, at a first end, a connection flange 200 carrying the inlet 201 of coolant in the passage 22 and the outlet of coolant 202 from the path 22.

The coolant inlet 201 is disposed opposite the inlet conduits 220 for circulating the coolant, the coolant outlet 202 being disposed opposite the outlet conduits 221 for the coolant.

The inlet conduits 220 for circulation of the refrigerant fluid are connected to the outlet conduits 221 by means of a turning portion disposed at a second end of the intake manifold 2.

As illustrated in FIGS. 7A to 7C, this reversal portion takes the form of a cavity 222 into which open the inlet conduits and the outlet conduits 221. The cavity 222 is configured to direct the refrigerant fluid leaving the conduits d inlet 220 to outlet conduits 221.

This cavity 222 is delimited between a support plate 52 of the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221, and a cover 51 for closing the second end of the intake manifold 2.

In FIG. 2, arrows illustrate the direction of circulation of the coolant in the path 22. It thus circulates in the inlet conduits 220 in a first direction (away from the connection flange 200) and in the conduits outlet 221 in a second direction opposite to the first direction (from the cavity 222 to the connection flange 200).

In this particular embodiment, the inlet 201 for coolant is located in the upper left corner of the connection flange 200 and the outlet 202 for coolant is located diagonally opposite, in the lower right corner.

It is also noted that the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221 of the refrigerant fluid extend over the entire length of the intake manifold 2.

FIG. 3A, which is a detailed view of the heat exchanger 1 of FIG. 2, at the level of the intake manifold 2, without the connection flange 200, shows the internal structure of the intake manifold 2.

The latter comprises a horizontal internal partition 24 thus sealingly separating the interior space of the intake manifold 2 into two chambers, namely:

- In the lower part, a first chamber 26, called the heat exchange chamber between the heat transfer fluid and the coolant, this first chamber 26 being connected to the inlet port 21 of heat transfer fluid through an orifice 210 (visible in Figure 6), and

- disposed above the first heat exchange chamber 26, in the upper part, a second chamber 25 for circulation of the heat transfer fluid. In this case, it is a distribution / distribution chamber of the heat transfer fluid in the tubes 40.

In FIG. 3A, a support plate 52 of the ends of the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221 for circulation of the refrigerant fluid are visible.

As can be seen in the view of FIG. 3B, which is a sectional view, the first heat exchange chamber 26 comprises passages 23 for circulation of the heat transfer fluid, disposed between the bundle of inlet and outlet conduits 220 , 221 for circulation of the coolant. These passages 23 can extend all around the conduits for circulation of the coolant.

Thus, in this first heat exchange chamber 26, the refrigerant circulating in the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221 is in thermal contact with the heat transfer fluid circulating in the passages 23.

On either side of the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221 are arranged passages 23 for circulation of heat transfer fluid.

The heat transfer fluid circulating in the first chamber 26 is, for example, cooled by the coolant circulating in the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221, then directed towards the second chamber 25 where it is distributed in the tubes 40 of heat exchange with the electric cells forming the battery.

The heat transfer fluid thus circulates in the passages 23 of the first chamber 26 in a first direction (away from the connection flange 200) and in the interior space of the second chamber 25 in a second direction of direction opposite to the first direction (towards connection flange 200).

As illustrated in FIG. 7C, the passages 23 for circulation of the heat-transfer fluid are connected to the second chamber 25 by means of an orifice 211 formed in the wall 24 and located near the second end of the opposite intake manifold 2 to the connection flange 200.

The second chamber 25 for circulation of the heat transfer fluid thus comprises, on a side wall, a plurality of openings 27 (FIGS. 3B and 6), intended for the insertion of one of the ends of each tube 40.

The second chamber 25 for circulation of the heat transfer fluid may also carry, on its upper surface, an opening 21 ′ for fluid connection (FIG. 3B) making it possible to supply another heat exchanger, for example, with part of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the second bedroom 25.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7B in particular, the first chamber 26 comprises, alternately with the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221, intermediate disturbance elements 9, of corrugated shape for example, which extend in the passages 23 for circulation of the coolant, parallel to the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221 for the circulation of coolant.

Such a disturbance element 9 is formed from a thin corrugated heat conductive sheet, the crests of which are in alternating contact with two of the inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221 arranged on either side of the element. of disturbance.

These intermediate disturbance elements 9 make it possible to promote heat exchanges between the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant fluid.

It is noted in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7B, that the disturbance elements 9 do not extend over any length of the passages 23 for circulation of the heat transfer fluid and of the intake manifold 2.

Figure 4 is a partial perspective view of the heat exchanger 1 schematically describing the circulation of the heat transfer fluid and the refrigerant within this exchanger.

By convention, the circulation of the refrigerant fluid in the intake manifold 2 is modeled by arrows of light gray color and the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the heat exchanger 1 by arrows of dark gray color.

As regards the heat transfer fluid, the latter enters the heat exchanger 1 through the inlet port 21 of the intake manifold 2, then is directed into the various passages 23 which extend over the entire length of the manifold d admission 2, through the disturbance elements 9.

At the end of the intake manifold 2, the heat transfer fluid is directed into the second chamber 25 through the orifice 211 allowing communication between the passages 23 and the second chamber 25. The heat transfer fluid then circulates in one direction opposite to its direction of movement in passages 23.

The openings Tl formed along the length of the second chamber 25 allow the distribution of the heat transfer fluid in the different tubes 40 of the bundle.

Part of the heat transfer fluid can pass from the second chamber of 25 to another heat exchanger 1 through a fluid connection opening (shown in the particular embodiment of Figure 3B).

After passing through the tubes 40, the heat transfer fluid passes through the evacuation manifold 3 and leaves the heat exchanger 1 through the heat transfer fluid outlet port 31.

Simultaneously with the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the heat exchanger 1, the refrigerant fluid crosses the intake manifold 2 along a path 22 in U.

Thus, the coolant enters the inlet conduits 220 through the coolant inlet 201 disposed at the first end of the intake manifold 2, and flows there in the same direction as the heat transfer fluid circulating in the passages 23.

At the second end of the intake manifold 2, the refrigerant passes through the reversal cavity 222 and then flows through the outlet conduits 221 in the opposite direction to the heat transfer fluid circulating in the passages

23.

The refrigerant leaves the heat exchanger 1 through the refrigerant outlet 202 disposed at the first end of the intake manifold

2.

Such an arrangement thus allows the refrigerant to regulate the temperature of the heat transfer fluid.

A first heat exchange is implemented in the intake manifold 2 between the heat transfer fluid circulating in the passages 23 and the refrigerant fluid circulating in the various inlet and outlet conduits 220, 221.

A second heat exchange is implemented between the electrical cells and the heat transfer fluid circulating in the tubes 40.

In the so-called “cooling” operating mode of the electrical cells, the refrigerant circulating in the inlet and outlet conduits 220 of the intake manifold 2 absorbs the heat of the heat transfer fluid circulating in the passages 23 by evaporating, which has the effect of cooling the heat transfer fluid and therefore the electrical cells constituting the vehicle battery.

Thus, the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation circuit of the vehicle battery is cooled in the heat exchanger 1 by the refrigerant fluid of the air conditioning system which also circulates in this heat exchanger 1.

In the so-called “heating” operating mode, the refrigerant circulating in the inlet and outlet conduits 220 of the intake manifold 2 transfers heat to the heat transfer fluid circulating in the passages 23 by condensing, which has the effect of heating the heat transfer fluid and therefore the electrical cells.

Obviously, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above and provides only by way of example.

It encompasses various modifications and variants that a person skilled in the art may envisage within the framework of the present invention.

Thus, in a particular embodiment, the path 22 for circulation of the refrigerant fluid can extend in a rectilinear fashion in the intake manifold 2 of the heat exchanger (in this case there is no outlet conduit ).

In this case, the coolant inlet is disposed at the first end of the intake manifold and the coolant outlet at the opposite end of the intake manifold.

The tubes of the heat exchanger are, for example, extruded and include a plurality of channels in order, in particular, to improve the efficiency of the heat exchange with the electrical cells and their mechanical strength.

These tubes, like the connection flange, are made of metallic material, preferably aluminum.

The collectors of the heat exchanger are made of plastic or metallic material, in particular aluminum.

The assembly of the different elements forming the heat exchanger is preferably carried out by gluing, soldering or welding.

However, it can be envisaged to use other assembly solutions making it possible to guarantee tight connections between these elements.

The refrigerant used is preferably a gaseous refrigerant, for example a fluorinated compound known under the name R134a, a hydrofluoroalkene known under the name R1234yf or carbon dioxide known under the name R744.

The connection flange can be connected to an expansion device, or regulator.

This connection flange allows the electrical potential of the heat exchanger to be balanced.

The heat transfer fluid circuit can be different from an I circuit.

The coolant duct (s) can (also) be placed in the intake manifold of the heat exchanger, or in the exhaust manifold, or alternatively one or more refrigerant conduits in each of the intake and exhaust manifolds.

Thus, in a particular embodiment, the heat transfer liquid is cooled by the coolant only at the level of the heat transfer fluid discharge manifold of the heat exchanger.

In this case, the heat transfer fluid coming from the tubes of the heat exchanger is directed into a second collection chamber communicating with the bundle of tubes, then into a first heat exchange chamber where it is brought into contact with the circulating refrigerant fluid. in one or more specific conduits.

In another particular embodiment, the coolant is cooled by the coolant only at the intake manifold and the coolant discharge manifold of the heat exchanger.

In this case, each of the collectors comprises a first and a second chamber as described above.

In a particular embodiment, the thermal conditioning system can implement a control unit and switching means between the heating mode and the cooling mode of the batteries. In this context, it implements, for example, a probe for measuring the temperature of the heat transfer fluid. Furthermore, the second chamber 25 for circulation of the heat transfer fluid can incorporate a heating element.

Other arrangements of the second chamber 25 for circulation of the heat transfer fluid are also possible. The latter can be partitioned so as to define at least two circulation networks (U-shaped circulation).

Claims (24)

1. Thermal conditioning system of a motor vehicle comprising: - an air conditioning circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, - a thermal regulation circuit of at least one electrical energy storage element, comprising a heat exchanger (1) disposed in thermal contact with said at least one electrical energy storage element, said heat exchanger (1) comprising a bundle of tubes (40) for circulation of a heat transfer fluid capable of thermally exchanging with said at least one element for storing electrical energy, the ends of the tubes (40) penetrating into an intake manifold (2) of the fluid heat transfer fluid and an evacuation manifold (3) of the heat transfer fluid respectively, said system being characterized in that at least one of said manifolds (2, 3) of the heat exchanger (1) comprises: - A first chamber (26) in which extends at least one passage (23) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation circuit and at least one conduit (220, 221) for circulation of the coolant of the air conditioning circuit, so that the heat transfer fluid circulating in said at least one passage (23) thermally exchanges with the refrigerant fluid circulating in said at least one duct (220, 221), and - A second chamber (25) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid communicating with said at least one passage (23) of the first chamber (26) and said bundle of tubes (40) of said heat exchanger (1). 2. A thermal conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that said at least one manifold (2, 3) is arranged to circulate the heat transfer fluid in said at least one passage (23) of the first chamber (26) according to a first direction and in the second chamber (25) in a second direction opposite to the first direction. 3. A thermal conditioning system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said at least one passage (23) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid extends along said at least one conduit (220, 221) for passage of the coolant. . 4. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first chamber (26) alternately comprises a passage (23) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid of the thermal regulation circuit and a conduit (220 , 221) for the passage of the cooling fluid from the air conditioning circuit. 5. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the ends of said at least one duct (220, 221) for cooling fluid circulation are each fixed to a support plate (52) disposed at one end of said at least one collector (2, 3) and extending perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the latter. 6. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first chamber (26) comprises at least one inlet duct (220) of the refrigerant and at least one outlet duct (221) refrigerant fluid connected, at a first end of the manifold (2, 3) by a turning portion (222), and defining a path (22) for the circulation of the U-shaped coolant in said at least manifold (2, 3). 7. A thermal conditioning system according to claim 6 when it depends on claim 5, characterized in that the turning portion (222) is a cavity into which open at least one inlet duct (220) for the refrigerant and at least one outlet duct (221) for the refrigerant, said cavity being defined between a support plate (52) and closure means (51) at one end of said at least one manifold (2, 3). 8. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second chamber (25) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid communicates with said at least one passage (23) of the first chamber (26) by the through at least one orifice (211) formed in a wall (24) sealingly separating the first and second chambers (25, 26) from said manifold (2, 3). 9. A thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said at least one duct (220, 221) for cooling fluid circulation extends over substantially the entire length of said manifold (2, 3) . 10. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that said at least manifold (2, 3) comprises an inlet (201) of refrigerant fluid opening into said at least one inlet duct (220 ) and an outlet (202) of refrigerant fluid opening into said at least one outlet duct (221). 11. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the intake manifold (2) comprises an inlet port (21) of heat transfer fluid and the exhaust manifold (3) comprises an outlet port (31) for heat transfer fluid. 12. A thermal conditioning system according to claim 11 when it depends on claim 10, characterized in that the intake manifold (2) comprises, at one of its ends, a connection flange (200) on which are mounted the inlet port (21) of coolant, the inlet (201) of coolant and the outlet (202) of coolant. 13. A thermal conditioning system according to claim 12, characterized in that the inlet (201) of coolant and the outlet (202) of coolant are carried by the same outer face of the connection flange (200) so that their axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the intake manifold (2), the inlet port (21) of heat transfer fluid being carried by a flange of the connection flange (200) so that its axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the intake manifold (2). 14. A thermal conditioning system according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the connection flange (200) is made of aluminum. 15. A thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that said at least one duct (220, 221) for circulating coolant comprises a plurality of internal channels. 16. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that said at least one passage (23) for circulation of heat transfer fluid comprises at least one disturbance element (9) fluid promoting the heat exchange between the coolant and the coolant. 17. A thermal conditioning system according to claim 16, characterized in that said at least one disturbing element (9) is formed from a corrugated heat-conducting sheet whose crests are in contact alternately with two conduits (220, 221) for the passage of the coolant arranged on either side of the disturbance element (9). 18. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that said intake and exhaust manifolds (2, 3) are made of aluminum or plastic. 19. A thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that said second chamber (25) for circulation of the heat transfer fluid comprises at least one opening for discharging the heat transfer fluid outside of said heat exchanger ( 1), to another heat exchanger for example. 20. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that said bundle of tubes (40) is composed of flat aluminum tubes. 21. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that said second chamber (25) extends substantially in the plane of the bundle of tubes (40). 22. Thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the first chamber (26) and the second chamber (25) are formed in the intake manifold (2). 23. Heat exchanger (1) intended to be implemented in the thermal regulation circuit of a thermal conditioning system according to one of claims 1 to 22. 5 24. Heat exchanger (1) according to claim 23, characterized in that a first chamber (26) and a second chamber (25) are formed in the intake manifold (2) and / or the exhaust manifold ( 3). 1/6