FR2939113A1 - SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATICALLY PLACING LOADS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for automatically parking loads, comprising: - a plurality of storage locations arranged on different levels, - at each level, at least one circulation aisle allowing access to the storage locations, - at least a shuttle configured to support the load to be parked and maneuver it horizontally in the storage locations, - at least one carrier carriage configured to carry the shuttle and move it horizontally in the circulation aisle, - at least one elevator configured to support the shuttle and / or the carrier carriage and move them vertically from one level to another in a vertical conduit, - a control unit for automatically managing the movement of the shuttle, the carrier carriage and the elevator so as to move the charges between a transfer zone and the storage locations, characterized by the fact that the storage locations e are not all of the same dimensions and in that the control unit is arranged with means for detecting the template of each load to be parked disposed in the transfer zone, so that said loads are moved and parked in locations free whose dimensions are closest to their size.

Description

SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATICALLY CHARGING LOADS Description Technical field of the invention.

The invention relates to a system for automatically parking loads, and in particular motor vehicles. The system is however suitable for the handling of boats, bicycles, parcels, goods, etc.

The invention relates to the general technical field of storing objects with a certain order, in warehouses or buildings and more particularly in the field of car parks for parking cars and two wheels with means of transport moving horizontally and vertically. without human intervention. State of the art Fully automated parking lots are known to those skilled in the art and have been the subject of many patent applications or patents. By way of example, mention may be made of the following documents: EP 0.875.644 (SOILMEC), EP 0.987.384 (STOLZER), WO 91/12396 (DUOTECH INNOVATION), WO 96/05390 (SKY PARK HOLDING), FR 2.511. 417 (FRIED), FR 2.600.363 (MARCOULET), FR 2.601.989 (SOVER PARK), FR 2.646.193 (KOYO JIDOKI COMPANY), FR 2.651.823 (JAMAL), US 2.077.238 (HENRICKS), US 2.428 .856 (SINCLAIR) or again DE 1.228.390 (HUBERTUS). All these systems generally comprise: a plurality of storage locations arranged on different levels, at each level, at least one circulation aisle allowing access to the storage locations, at least one shuttle configured to support the load to be parked and maneuver it horizontally in the storage places, - at least one carrying carriage configured to carry the shuttle and / or the carrying carriage and to move them horizontally in the circulation aisle, 10 - at least one elevator configured to support the shuttle and move it vertically from one level to another in a vertical duct, - a control unit for automatically managing the movement of the shuttle, the carrier carriage and the elevator so as to move the loads between a transfer area and storage locations.

These systems are based on the following technical principle: when a vehicle arrives (and more generally a load to be handled), the latter is automatically taken over in a transfer zone. The vehicle is mounted on a shuttle itself mounted on the elevator. Once the vehicle is positioned on the shuttle, the elevator ascends and / or descends to bring the shuttle + vehicle assembly to a level where the vehicle will be parked. Arriving at the desired level, the shuttle on which the vehicle is placed will leave the elevator to position itself on a carrier carriage. This last will flow in the traffic lanes to bring the shuttle + vehicle assembly to a free location. The shuttle will then leave the carrier carriage and unload the vehicle at the chosen location. The location of a storage location and the movement of the various transport means (elevator, shuttle, carrier carriage) are controlled automatically by the control unit. - 3

It is easy to deduce all the advantages related to these systems: support and restitution of vehicles in a very short time, performance of the overall storage volume improved, limitation of the workforce, etc. However, in all the systems mentioned above, for the same overall storage volume, there is substantially the same number of storage locations. Indeed, storage locations have standard sizes and are generally large enough to park the most bulky vehicles on the market.

In view of this state of affairs, the main objective of the invention is to modify the structures of the known systems of the prior art, with the aim of improving their storage capacity.

Disclosure of the invention. The technical solution proposed by the invention is a system for automatically parking charges of the type known from the prior art, that is to say comprising: a plurality of storage locations arranged on different levels, at each level, at least one traffic lane allowing access to the storage locations, - at least one shuttle configured to support the load to be parked and to maneuver it horizontally in the storage locations, - at least one carrying carriage configured to carry the shuttle and moving it horizontally in the circulation aisle, - at least one elevator configured to support the shuttle and / or the carrier carriage and move them vertically from one level to another in a vertical conduit, - a control unit allowing to automatically manage the movement of the shuttle, the lift truck and the elevator in such a way as to 2939113 -4

move loads between a transfer area and the storage locations. This system is distinguished, however, by the fact that the storage locations are not all of the same size and in that the control unit is arranged with means for detecting the template of each load to be parked arranged in the area of transfer, so that said loads are moved and parked in free locations whose dimensions are closest to their template. These technical characteristics make it possible to park the loads in function of their dimensions and thus to optimize the volume available for storage.

In order to make the best use of the storage volume, the control unit may integrate a computer program for storing the parked loads template and for analyzing in real time the available locations to move a load from a location where it was initially parked by default to another location that became free and whose dimensions are closest to its size.

Likewise, the control unit may integrate a computer program for keeping track of the parked loads template and for real-time analysis of available locations to move the loads from a location where they were initially parked by default. to other locations where they can be grouped together to optimize the available space.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the measurement of the length and the width of the load is carried out by means of motorized carriages moving on horizontal guide rails fixed against the walls and / or the ceiling of the transfer area, said carriages being equipped with scanners for measuring dimensions. 2939113 -5 Equally, the measurement of the length and the width of the load is carried out by means of motorized carriages moving on horizontal guide rails fixed against the walls and / or ceiling of the transfer zone 5 said carriages being equipped with cameras for taking the image of said load, the central unit being equipped with a program making it possible to calculate the dimensions of said load from said image.

Advantageously, there is provided a charging device proportional to the size of the loads to be parked and possibly proportional to their weight.

The characteristics relative to the parking according to the gauge of the load are independent, that is to say do not interact with the other characteristics mentioned. To improve the reliability of the system, the shuttle, the carriage and the elevator are independent of each other and move with their own means of motorization. This feature is independent of other features. It is advantageous to provide several shuttles, several carrier trucks and several elevators, the number of shuttles, carrying trucks and elevators not necessarily equal so as to increase the flow of loads to park. This characteristic is independent of other features.

It is possible to provide several shuttles, several carriers and several elevators, the number of shuttles, carriers and elevators being adjustable according to the periods of activities. This feature is independent of other features. 15 - 6

Preferentially: the loads to be parked are motor vehicles (cars, two-wheelers,

the shuttle is configured to pass under a vehicle and position itself between the wheels of the latter, the lateral edges of the shuttle are equipped with means for gripping each wheel of said vehicle, the gripping means each comprise an element of stopping associated with a cradle serving as a support channel during the transport of said vehicle, said cradle being configured to pass under a wheel and switch to a locking position where said wheel is clamped between said cradle and the stop element.

To reduce the size of the shuttle, cradles and stop elements are advantageously mounted on movable arms between a folded position where they are parallel to the lateral edges of the shuttle and an extended position where they are perpendicular to said side edges .

Also, the shuttle may comprise a front portion and a rear portion equipped with gripping means respectively the front wheels and the rear wheels of a vehicle, said parts being movably mounted on the shuttle so that the cradles can pass between said wheels and switch to the lock position.

Advantageously, when the shuttle is positioned under the vehicle, the articulated arms are deployed between the wheels of said vehicle so that the cradles and the stop elements are arranged at said wheels. 2939113 -7

The characteristics relating to the grip of the wheels of a motor vehicle are independent, that is to say do not interact with the other characteristics mentioned.

5 It is advantageous to provide a desk allowing users to indicate their identity or the identity of their vehicle so that the control unit recognizes them and automatically admits the parking of their vehicle, the desk used is tactile recognition and / or by card with or without contact and / or by voice recognition. This desk may be positioned near the transfer area or in a remote room (apartments, offices, shopping centers, airports, train stations, hospitals, hotels, etc.) or accessible via a computer or a remote portable terminal. This feature is independent of other features.

The carrier carriage is advantageously equipped with a turntable for pivoting the shuttle and the load along a vertical axis so as to be able, if necessary, to orient said shuttle and said load in the direction of travel in the locations of storage. This feature is independent of other features. To improve the reliability and the operational safety of the system, the carrier carriage advantageously moves by means of axles on which wheels are mounted, each wheel being rotated by an independent geared motor and each axle being equipped. a clutch 25 for uncoupling its associated geared motor. This feature is independent of other features.

For the same purpose, the shuttle will move through axles on which wheels are mounted, each wheel being rotated by an independent gear motor and each axle being equipped with a clutch to uncouple its motorcycle. associated reducer. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention simplifying the design of the system, the power supply of the carrying carriage is carried out via conducting balloons fixed on said carriage and rubbing on electrical rails arranged in the circulation aisles. This feature is independent of other features.

According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention allowing an almost automatic maintenance of the system, the shuttle is equipped with 10 wheels rolling on treads arranged on the carrier carriage and / or in the storage locations and / or in the elevator and / or in the transfer zone, said shuttle being provided at the front and rear brushes arranged to clean, continuously or on demand, said treads during its movement. This feature is independent of other features.

For the same purpose, the carrier carriage is equipped with wheels rolling on treads arranged in the circulation aisles, said trolley being provided at the front and rear with brushes arranged so as to clean said treads. when moving.

In order to improve the predictive maintenance of the system, the shuttle is advantageously equipped with a device for detecting an abandoned object in a storage location, said detection device being formed of a projecting arm arranged at the front and at the rear of said shuttle, the end of said telescopic arm being provided with a detection sensor. This feature is independent of other features.

The shuttle may also be equipped with a device for recognizing the ground, said recognition device being formed by a ground reconnaissance wheel attached to the front and the rear of said shuttle, said 2939113 -9

wheels being associated with sensors so that when said wheels are no longer in contact with the ground, the control unit is instantly notified and stops the motorization of said shuttle. This feature is independent of other features. To improve the accuracy of the positioning of the carrier carriage in the traffic aisles, first bar codes are preferably arranged in the circulation aisles, to the right of the storage locations and / or to the right of the transfer zone and / or to the right of the elevator, barcode readers being arranged on the sides of said truck so as to read said first barcodes.

In order to improve the accuracy of the positioning of the shuttle, second bar codes are advantageously arranged in the storage locations and / or in the transfer zone and / or in the elevator and / or in the carrier carriage. , barcode readers being arranged on the sides of the shuttle so as to read said second bar codes.

The characteristics relating to the positioning of the carrier carriage and the barcoded shuttle are independent, i.e. do not interact with the other features mentioned.

The elevator and / or the transfer zone advantageously comprise treads on which the load is positioned, with re-centering bars coming to exert a lateral thrust on said load so as to refocus it on said belts. The latter may be provided with rollers freely rotatably mounted on axes parallel to the direction of insertion of the load, the latter rolling on said rollers during the action of the lateral thrust. These characteristics relating to the centering of the load are independent, that is, do not interact with the other characteristics mentioned. According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention facilitating the modulation of the system according to the configuration of the site in which it must be implanted and / or as a function of the periods of activity, the elevator, its device. motor and its guiding device, are mounted in a movable fixed or movable structure forming the vertical duct. This feature is independent of other features.

When certain loads to be parked are motor vehicles with 10 electric motorization (cars, two-wheelers, ...), before being moved, these vehicles may be previously positioned on a plate connected to a power source and equipped with a means for electrically recharging their motorization means. This feature is independent of other features. Any defect encountered when using the system that is the subject of the invention is preferentially reasserted, in the form of information, in real time to the control unit and / or to remote centralized technical management which processes said information. This characteristic is independent of other characteristics.

According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the charges correspond to a fleet of vehicles made available to users, the control unit integrating a fleet management program comprising instructions for managing the modification of said fleet. and / or to manage the taking of a vehicle and / or to manage the return of a vehicle and / or to manage the choice of a vehicle by said system according to the category assigned to the identity of a user . This feature is independent of other features. Description of the Figures

Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better on reading the description of a preferred embodiment which follows, with reference to the accompanying drawings, made by way of indicative and non-limiting examples and in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a building or warehouse incorporating the system which is the subject of the invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view along AA of the building of FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view. of the system object of the invention in a variant configuration, - Figure 4 is a schematic view partially illustrating the interior of the system object of the invention, - Figure 5 is a sectional view along BB of the interior of the FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an elevator according to the invention, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the elevator platform alone, FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic sectional view. of elevator plate illustrating the device for refocusing the load; FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a shuttle according to the invention, the device for detecting an abandoned object being in the folded position; FIG. a view from above of the shuttle of FIG. 9, the device for detecting an abandoned object being in the deployed position, FIGS. 11a and 11b schematizing the gripping of a wheel of a motor vehicle by the shuttle, FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a carrier carriage according to the invention on which a shuttle is positioned; - FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the structure of a carrier carriage equipped with a turntable, said tray having rotated. Embodiments of the invention. The invention which will now be described refers to the handling of motor vehicles of the type, cars, vans, truck, or two-wheelers (motorcycles, Segway, ...). However, the system object of the invention applies to the handling of other loads such as bicycles, boats, various goods, materials or foodstuffs, etc. Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the system is intended to be integrated in a building 1 or warehouse, above ground, buried or mixed. Building 1 comprises an access 10 allowing a user to bring his vehicle into a transfer zone 11 or to leave it. It is also possible to provide a through 11 transfer area equipped with an access port and an exit port arranged opposite each other. Equivalently, one or more transfer zones, one or more input ports and one or more different output ports may be provided at various locations of the building 1. Once introduced into the transfer zone 11, the vehicle C enters a parking zone comprising a plurality of storage locations 12 arranged on different levels. On the same level, the storage locations 12 may be isolated from each other or, on the contrary, some of them may be arranged one behind the other. At each level, at least one traffic lane 13 provides access to storage locations 12, which may be unitary or arranged in aisle. At least one shuttle 120 is configured to support the vehicle to be parked and maneuver it horizontally, along the Y axis, in the storage locations 12, even when some of them are arranged one behind the other. At least one carrier carriage 130 is configured to carry the shuttle 2939113

120 and move it horizontally, along the X axis perpendicular to the Y axis, in the circulation aisle 13. And at least one elevator 140 is configured to support the shuttle 120 and / or the carrier carriage 130 and move them vertically along the Z axis perpendicular to the two other axes X and Y, from one level to another, said elevator moving in a vertical duct 14. According to a preferred feature of the invention and as explained later in the description, the shuttle 120, the carrier carriage 130 and the elevator 140 are independent of each other and move with their own means of motorization. A control unit 2, remote or integrated in a technical room of the building 1, automatically manages the movement of the shuttle 120, the carrier carriage 130 and the elevator 140 so as to move the vehicles between the transfer zone 11 and storage locations 12, 15 without direct human intervention and without using the vehicle engine. This control unit 2 makes it possible to control not only the free places and those which are occupied, but also the position and the state (available or not) of the different means of transport 120, 130, 140. This control unit 2 makes it possible to in addition to optimizing the investment strategies of the vehicles and optimizing the transport strategies of the means of transport 120, 130, 140, to optimize the allocation of resources and means necessary for the movements of the vehicles to be parked.

With reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, the circulation aisles 13 comprise a running surface S on which the carrying carriages 130 circulate. These circulation aisles may be in the form of a gutter, that is to say that the running surface S is lined with vertical walls to guide the movement of the carrying carriages 130. The storage locations 12 are oriented perpendicular to the circulation aisles 13. They are formed of two strips 12a on which are intended to rest the vehicles . The strips 12a are arranged to form a central gutter 12b in the form of a gutter 12a.

which is intended to circulate a shuttle 120. It will be noted that the central gutter 12b is raised relative to the running surface S, so that the upper surface of the carrying carriages 130 on which rest and circulate the shuttles 120 is located in the same plan that the rolling surface of said central channel 12b. The shuttles 120 can thus easily reach the gutters 12b when they are positioned on the carriages 130. Conversely, the shuttles 120 can easily reach the carriages 130 when positioned on the gutters 12b.

When a transfer zone 11 opens directly into a circulation aisle 13 (FIG. 3), said transfer zone has a footprint similar to that of the storage locations 12, that is to say that the imprint is formed of two strips on which are intended to rest the vehicles, said strips being raised so as to form a central channel in which is intended to circulate a shuttle 120 for gripping said vehicles. The running surface of the central gutter of the transfer zone 11 being situated in the same plane as the upper surface of the carrying carriages 130 on which a shuttle 120 rests and circulates. It could also be provided that a transfer zone 11 opens directly into the storage aisle 12.

The number and position of the transfer zones 11, the fact that they lead directly to an elevator 140 or directly to a circulation aisle 130 or directly to the aisles of storage locations 12 and / or that these transfer zones 11 will be traversing or not, will be established according to the configuration and the constraints related to the site of implantation.

In a configuration such as that shown in Figures 1 and 2, the operation is as follows: a vehicle C arrives in the transfer zone 11 and is positioned on the elevator 140; the latter brings the vehicle to a level defined by the control unit 2 and in which locations 12 2939113 -15-

are free; a shuttle 120 supports the vehicle, that is to say that the latter is positioned on said shuttle (the latter can also be positioned on the elevator 140 and take charge of the vehicle directly in the transfer zone 11) ; arriving at the level defined by the control unit 52, the shuttle 120 loaded is supported by a carrier carriage 130 which circulates in the circulation aisle 13 and brings it to a free location 12; the charged shuttle 120 then leaves the carrier carriage 130, reaches the free location located by the control unit 2 and discharges the vehicle at this location. The return of the vehicle from its location 12 to the transfer zone 11 (or to another recovery zone) is similarly realized.

In another configuration, for example that shown in FIG. 3 and where a transfer zone 11 opens directly into a circulation aisle 13, without being equipped with an elevator, the operation can be as follows: a vehicle C arrives in the transfer zone 11 where it is supported by a shuttle 120; the latter, loaded, is then supported by a carrier carriage 130 which circulates in the circulation aisle 13 and brings it either at a free location 12 located at the same level as the transfer zone 11, or on a hoist 140 positioned at one and / or the other end of the traffic lane and for parking the vehicle to another level; in the latter case, the shuttle 120 loaded is positioned on the elevator 140 which brings it to the level defined by the control unit 2 (it could also be expected that the carriage carrier assembly 130 + shuttle 120 25 loaded borrow the elevator 140); the shuttle 120 loaded is then supported by a carrier carriage 130 which circulates in the circulation aisle 13 and brings it to a free location 12; the charged shuttle 120 then leaves the carrier carriage 130, reaches the free location located by the control unit 2 and discharges the vehicle at this location. The return of the vehicle from its location to the transfer zone 11 (or to another recovery zone) is similarly realized. According to the invention, the storage locations 12 are not all of the same dimensions: the heights, widths and lengths are variable. In practice, the dimensions of the locations 12 vary in such a way as to correspond to the dimensions of the small-scale commercial vehicles (for example cars marketed under the SMART brand or motorcycles) of average size (for example passenger cars or motorcycles). vans), or of large size (for example all-terrain SUVs or trucks). This configuration therefore makes it possible to park small vehicles in small locations 12, vehicles of average size in locations of standard dimensions and vehicles of large size in large locations. This avoids the disadvantages of the systems of the prior art in which a vehicle of small size is found systematically parked in a location having much larger dimensions. This parking oriented according to the size of the vehicle is implemented thanks to the fact that the control unit 2 is arranged with a means for detecting the template of each vehicle that enters the transfer zone 11, so that the vehicles are moved and parked in free slots 12 whose dimensions are closer to their size, thus optimizing the storage volume.

The elevator 140, the carrying carriage 130 and the shuttle 120 are equipped with means for communicating with the control unit. These means may for example be antennas for receiving the communication information transmitted by the control unit 2. This information is transmitted by radio channels, by radio waves, by radiating cables, satellites, Bluetooth, Wifi (for example protocol IP under standard 8002.11) or others. Each translation axis of the transport means 120, 130, 140 is marked so that the unit 2 can easily control the movement of the elevator 140 to reach the right level (z), the carrier carriage 130 for 2939113 -17 -

reach the correct 12 (x) locations alley, and shuttle 120 to reach the correct location (y). The control unit 2 manages in real time the availability of the locations 12.

The control unit 2 is in the form of a fixed or portable computer, equipped with a processor, controller or any other equivalent means for managing the parking of the vehicles. It can be expected to integrate software, or computer program, supervision for real-time management according to the needs of users and 10 operators. For example, several shuttles, several carrier trucks and several elevators can be provided so as to increase the flow rates of the vehicles. Typically, we can reasonably anticipate that in the early morning, noon and late afternoon, the activity will be the most intense, because these periods correspond to the entry / exit office. Similarly, in some places, certain times of the year may be more busy than others (eg summer for beach resorts). During these periods of intense activity, the control unit 2 can control the movement of all the transport means 120, 130 and / or 140, whereas during the off-peak periods only a limited number of transport means will be activated. It is also possible to add transport means 120, 130 and / or 140 during periods of high activity and to remove during periods of lower activity, thus optimizing the investment. The control unit 2 can also integrate a computer program for analyzing the activity of the system and deriving periods of activity and / or adapting in real time the processing capacity of said system. Similarly, the users can indicate to the control unit 2 the time at which they wish to recover their vehicle so that said unit controls the means of transport so that near the time indicated, the vehicle is parked in a location 30 which is close to the exit port. The control unit 2 can furthermore control the acceleration ramps of the engines of the various means of control.

transport 120, 130, 140 so as to increase their rate according to the desired flow rate.

In order to optimize the processing speed of the vehicles, the applicant has found that the number of shuttles 120, carrying carriages 130 and risers 140 need not necessarily be equal. Indeed, it can be provided in a first configuration, a number of carrying trolleys 130 greater than the number of shuttles 120 and in another configuration a number of shuttles greater than the number of carrying trolleys. It is the same for the 10 risers 140.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the control unit 2 integrates a computer program making it possible to keep in memory the template of the parked vehicles and to analyze in real time the available locations 12 so as to move a vehicle from a location where it was initially parked by default to another location that became free and whose dimensions are closest to its size. For example, consider the case where a first SMART type small vehicle is in the transfer zone 11. At this time, the only free location 12 may be an intermediate dimension location intended for conventional passenger vehicles. The control unit 2 will then control the transport means 120, 130, 140 in order to transfer the first vehicle in this single free location. During the day, another user wants to retrieve a second parked vehicle, which in effect frees a location. If this new location left free is a small location, then the control unit 2 will control the transport means 120, 130 and / or 140 to transfer the first vehicle to this new location.

Also, the control unit 2 will integrate a computer program making it possible to keep in memory the size of the parked vehicles and

Real-time analysis of available locations to move vehicles from a location where they were initially parked by default to other locations where they can be grouped to maximize available space. By way of nonlimiting example, the control unit 2 can control the transport means 120, 130, 140 in order to park two small-scale vehicles in a single large location or similarly, park a vehicle of large jig in two small spaces.

The various means of transport will now be described in more detail with reference to the appended figures. The elevator 140 is shown schematically in Figures 6 and 7. It consists of a metal frame on which are reported two treads 141 arranged to form a central gutter 142. The latter will be used for the passage of the shuttle 120. The running surface of the central trench 142 is located in the same plane as the upper surface of a carrier trolley 130 on which a shuttle 120 can rest and circulate. The metal frame is arranged with a motor 143 so as to be able to 14. In practice, the frame is guided in vertical translation by vertical rails 144 and the motorization 143 consists of a motor, a reducer and a chain angle transmission. However, all other motorization and guidance devices, such as cylinders, winches, deformable scissor lift structures, may be used by those skilled in the art to raise and lower the elevator 140 from one level to another. other. According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the elevator 140, its motorization device and its guiding device 144, are mounted in a movable fixed or movable structure 1400 forming the vertical duct 14. In this way, according to the configuration of the site where is intended to be implanted the system object of the invention or according to the periods of activity, it is possible to easily move 30 and / or add and / or remove elevators 140. In practice, the structures 2939113 - 20 -

1400 can be fixed or mobile. In the latter case, the 1400 structures will be mounted on motorized wheels.

Each level of the building 1 is advantageously marked by a bar code disposed in the duct 14, at the end of the traffic aisles 13. A barcode reader is disposed on one of the lateral edges of the chassis of the elevator 140 so as to read the barcodes. In this way, the control unit 2 can know the exact position of an elevator 140 in the ducts 14 and stop its motorization 143 when the right level is reached. A similar result would be achieved by equipping the elevators 140 with a navigation device of the GPS type connected to the control unit 2.

In a configuration such as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the vehicle enters the transfer zone 11, it advances in step on the two treads 141 until it comes to rest against two front flaps 145 which are in open position. The detection of the front wheels of the vehicle is performed by a photodetector cell placed on the walls of the transfer zone and / or by a presence sensor placed at the flaps 20 before 145. Rear flaps 146, controlled by jacks, s 'open so as to block the front wheels of the vehicle and form, with the front flaps 145, a ground guard device with hinged shoe. The slightest deflection of the articulated shoe thus formed, is sanctioned by an audible and / or visual signal on a screen provided in the transfer zone 11. Any other means 25 for coming to block the front wheels of the vehicle can however be used by the skilled person.

Advantageously, a means is provided for centering the vehicle on the treads 141. To this end, and referring to FIG. 8, recessing bars 147 are provided on each tread 141 for exerting lateral thrust ( represented by the arrow) on the wheels R 2939113 - 21 -

of the vehicle so as to recenter the latter on said strips. In practice, a re-centering bar is provided for each vehicle wheel. These bars 147 are movably mounted between a position where they retract into the chassis of the elevator 140 (position where the bars are shown in dashed lines) and a position where they exert lateral thrust on the wheels R. In position of working, the bars 147 are arranged so as to simultaneously exercise symmetrical thrust forces on each side of the vehicle. According to the arrangement of FIG. 8, the wheels R of the vehicle being offset to the left of said figure, only the bars 147 on the right will exert on the right wheels a lateral thrust towards the right so as to refocus said vehicle. The bars 147 are controlled by cylinders and the recentering force is preferably maintained the time required for the movement of the vehicle. To facilitate the lateral displacement of the vehicle on the treads 141, there are provided on the latter rollers 148 freely rotatably mounted on axes parallel to the insertion direction of said vehicle on the elevator 140, said vehicle rolling on said rollers during the action of lateral thrust.

Once the vehicle is immobilized and centered, we measure its size. The measurement of the length and the width of the vehicle is carried out by means of motorized carriages moving on horizontal guide rails fixed against the side walls and / or the ceiling of the transfer zone 11, said carriages being equipped scanners for measuring dimensions. The use of a scanner makes it possible to quickly take up the dimensions of the vehicle. However, other measuring means such as image recognition can be used by those skilled in the art. In the latter case, the carriages are equipped with cameras to take the image of the vehicle, the central unit 2 being equipped with a program for calculating the dimensions of said load from said image. The trolleys used are motorized by geared motors and move on translation systems, for example of the DLS4 type of HEPCO. Each geared motor is associated with 2939113 - 22 -

an encoder for managing the movement of the carriage with which it is associated. The scanner is of the type known to those skilled in the art and can measure the overall length and width of the vehicle. For a faster measurement of the width, there may be a first carriage that manages the right side 5 of the vehicle and a second carriage that manages the left side. We can also multiply the number of trolleys for measuring the length.

The measurement of the height is performed by positioning on the side walls of the transfer zone 11 two ELCOM vertical sections. A first section equipped with REFLEX cells is disposed vertically on one of the side walls and a second section equipped with complementary reflectors is disposed on the facing side wall. Depending on the cells whose beam is interrupted by the vehicle, it is easy to determine the height of the vehicle. In an alternative embodiment, the height of the vehicle could be measured by means of motorized carriages moving on vertical guide rails fixed against the walls of the transfer zone 11, said carriages being equipped with scanners. However, other means of measuring the template, such as image recognition, may be used by those skilled in the art. It may also be interesting to determine the weight of the vehicle by means of load cells arranged with the treads 141. It is also possible to measure the ground clearance of the vehicle, that is to say the spacing between the sill. and the rolling surface of the treads 145. Indeed, a low ground clearance could interfere with the placement of the shuttle 120, as described later in the description. This ground clearance measure may for example be effected by means of an articulated shoe disposed at the entrance to the transfer zone 11. The slightest deflection of this articulated shoe will generate information to be sent and managed by the unit of communication. command 2, the latter being able to emit an audible and / or visual signal on a screen provided for in the transfer zone 11. 2939113 - 23 - For loyal users, it is possible to identify their vehicles in such a way that it is not necessary to carry out this measurement every time. It will suffice, for example, for these users to indicate on a desk provided for this purpose, their identity or the identity of their vehicle so that the control unit 2 recognizes them and automatically admits the parking. The desk used is advantageously a desk with tactile recognition and / or card with or without contact and / or voice recognition. This desk may be positioned near the transfer zone 11 or in a remote room 10 annexed or not to building 1 (apartments, offices, shopping malls, airports, train stations, hospitals, hotels, etc.) or accessible via a computer or a portable terminal (mobile phone, PDA, ...) remote.

When all these measurements are made and analyzed by the control unit 2, the vehicle is allowed or not to be parked. We can provide a pricing system proportional to the size of vehicles to park and possibly proportional to their weight. Indeed, it seems normal to tax lesser vehicles and possibly lighter vehicles (which require less energy to move them and less storage volume).

The control unit 2 manages the raising or lowering of the elevator 140 in the conduit 14 so as to bring the vehicle to a level where a free location 12 is intended for it. When the elevator 140 reaches the desired level, the vehicle is supported by a shuttle 120.

In the case where a transfer zone 11 is not equipped with an elevator 140 (as for example the configuration of FIG. 3) and opens directly into a circulation aisle 13, it should be understood that said transfer zone 30 is provided with a footprint similar to that previously described for the elevator 140 and includes all the holding means 2939113 - 24 -

in vehicle position and the means for measuring the weight and ground clearance described above. A vehicle in such a transfer area is supported by a shuttle 120 carried by a carrier carriage 130 which brings it either in front of a free storage location 12 or in front of an elevator 140 to bring said vehicle to another level.

A shuttle 120 according to the invention is shown in Figures 9 and 10. It is formed of a metal frame. In practice, the shuttle 120 moves through four motorized axles, each equipped with two wheels 121, a total of eight wheels, four on each side. A higher or lower number of wheels 121 can obviously be envisaged. The eight wheels 121 are sized to withstand about 11 tons. The independent motorization of each axle is provided by four geared motors whose power is adapted to the configuration of the system 15 object of the invention (to go fast and / or to make relatively long journeys, we will privilege high power engines ). Each axle is equipped with a clutch enabling the associated geared motor to be uncoupled in the event of its failure. In this case, the control unit 2 is prevented and the latter possibly controls the other shuttles so as to increase their rate. The energy supply of the geared motors is done through batteries equipped with chargers. The chargers take their sources on conductive rails 122 fixed on the lateral edges of the frame and on which is rubbed a broom fixed on the carrying carriages 130, so that the batteries are recharged when the shuttle 120 is positioned on said carriage. The drive system of the shuttle 120 is completely autonomous.

The shuttle 120 is configured to pass under the vehicle and position itself between the wheels of said vehicle. The shuttle is preferably equipped with direct-reflection cells configured to detect the wheels of the vehicle and centering said shuttle relative to said vehicles.

wheels. In practice, the shuttle has a length of about 6 m, a width of about 1 m and a height of about 20 cm. In any case, the shuttle 120 is dimensioned so as to be able to roll in the central gutter 142 of the elevator 140, in the gutter of a transfer zone 11 communicating directly with a circulation lane 13 or in the gutter central 12b of a storage location 12, when said shuttle leaves the carrier carriage 130.

Once the shuttle 120 is positioned under the vehicle, the wheels can be grasped. To do this, the lateral edges of the shuttle 120 are equipped with gripping means 123, 124 of each wheel of the vehicle. These gripping means are adapted to the majority of vehicle models on the market. In practice, the shuttle 120 is equipped with four gripping means, two on the front part and two on the back part. These gripping means each comprise a stop element 123 associated with a cradle 124 serving as a support channel during transport of the vehicle, said cradle being configured to pass under the wheel and tilt to a locking position where said wheel is enclosed between said cradle and the stop member. The fixed stop elements 123 and the mobile cradles 124 are similar to concave elements which, in the locking position, are arranged to form a shoe in which the wheel is held in position. In practice, the cradles 124 are rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis parallel to the direction of travel of the shuttle. The cradles 124 and the stop elements 123 are mounted on movable arms between a folded position where they are parallel to the lateral edges of the shuttle 120 and an extended position where they are perpendicular to said lateral edges (the movement of the articulated arms is represented by the arrows in FIGS. 9 and 10). The arms are hinged about a vertical axis 125. When the shuttle 120 is at rest without load or is in transit between the carrier carriage 130 and the elevator 140, the arms are in the folded position so that it can be positioned under the vehicle to be loaded. Once 2939113 - 26 -

positioned under the vehicle, the arms are deployed so that the cradles 124 are positioned at the wheels of the vehicle. The shuttle 120 comprises a front portion 120A and a rear portion 120B equipped with gripping means 123, 124 respectively of the front wheels and the rear wheels of the vehicle. These two parts 120A and 120B are movably mounted on the shuttle 120 so that the cradles 124 can easily pass under the wheels and switch to the locking position. In practice, the two parts 120A and 120B are symmetrical and translate longitudinally, but in opposite directions, by means of motorized ball screws 1200A and 12008, respectively.

The loading of a vehicle on shuttle 120 will now be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 11a and 11b. When the shuttle 120 is positioned under the vehicle, the articulated arms are deployed between the wheels R 15 of said vehicle so that the cradles 124 and the stop elements 123 are disposed at said wheels. The advance of the parts 120A and 120B is controlled by the motorized ball screws until the cradles 124 come into contact with the wheels (FIG. 11a). When the portions 120A, 120B continue their travel, the cradles 124 pivot about their horizontal axis of rotation 1240 and under the tensile force of the ballscrews pass under the wheels R of the vehicle (Figure 11b). In this locking position, the wheels R are held in position on one side by the cradle 124 and on the other by the stop element 123.

The unloading of the shuttle vehicle 120 is similar. When the shuttle 120 leaves the carriage 130 and positions the vehicle at a free location, the portions 120A and 120B recede. Under the tensile force of the ball screws, the cradles 124 return under the wheels R and pivot about their axis 1240 to return to their initial loading position and release said wheels. The articulated arms then fold back 2939113 - 27 -

return to the folded position so that the shuttle 120 can leave the channel 142 and return to the carriage 130.

The shuttle 120 may be equipped with a device making it possible to detect an abandoned object (for example a vehicle, another shuttle, etc.) in a storage location 12. Indeed, it is possible that accidentally an object is present in a storage location, more particularly in the gutter of this location, and is likely to hinder the movement of said shuttle. Referring to FIG. 10, the detection device is formed of a protruding arm 128 disposed at the front and rear of said shuttle, the end of said arm being provided with a detection sensor 129 , advantageously an ultrasound probe. The arm 128 is moved by jacks 126 between a rest position where it retracts against the front part of the shuttle 120 (FIG. 9) and an active position where it deploys towards the front of said shuttle (FIG. ). When the shuttle 120 moves, the arm 128 is in the active position. In case of contact with an object, the control unit 2 is immediately notified, human intervention may then be necessary to get rid of the object and / or reposition. A camera, combined or not with a lighting means, may optionally be provided at the front and rear of the shuttle 120 so as to be able to display on a screen, the type of object that clutters the location. storage.

Also, it may be advantageous for the shuttle 120 to incorporate a device for recognizing the ground. Indeed, the shuttle is intended to leave a carrier carriage 130 to roll in the channel of a transfer zone 11 and / or in the gutter 142 of an elevator 140 and / or in the gutter 12b of a location of storage 12. In the event of misalignment of the carrying carriage 130 in a circulation aisle 13, for example if it is not exactly in line with a storage location 12 or at the right of a transfer area 30 11 or to the right of an elevator 140, the shuttle 120 can be brought to fall from said carriage, which, it is understood, can be seriously damaged.

detrimental to the functioning of the system. It is the same when a shuttle 120 leaves a storage location 12 or a transfer zone 11 or an elevator 140 and the carrier carriage 130 is not present to receive it. Referring to FIGS. 9 to 12, the soil recognition device advantageously consists of a ground reconnaissance wheel 127 attached to the front and the rear of the shuttle 120. These wheels 127 are associated with sensors, so that when said wheels are no longer in contact with the ground, the control unit 2 is instantly notified and stops the motorization of the shuttle 120 to stop its movement. In general, any defect encountered when using the system that is the subject of the invention can be traced, in the form of information, in real time to the control unit 2 and / or to remote centralized technical management which processes said information. This information management can lead to the implementation of degraded operating strategies that can lead to the manual handling of the system. This information can be processed by the building manager 1 and / or by a centralized technical management composed of sedentary and / or mobile staff equipped with portable terminals allowing direct access to the system. To optimize the positioning accuracy of the shuttles 120, bar codes are preferably arranged in the storage locations 12 and / or in the transfer zones 11 and / or in the elevators 140 and / or in the carrying carriages 130, and more particularly on the walls of their gutter, barcode readers being arranged on the sides of said shuttles so as to read said barcodes. In this way, the control unit 2 can know the exact position of a shuttle 120 and stop its motorization when it has reached the desired position. A similar result would be achieved by equipping the shuttles 120 with a navigation device of the GPS type connected to the control unit 2. 2939113 - 29 -

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the shuttles 120 are equipped with wheels 121 rolling on treads disposed on the carrying trolleys 130 and / or in the storage locations 12 and / or in the elevators 140 and / or in the transfer zones 11, preferably 5 arranged in their respective gutter, said shuttles being provided on their front part and on their rear part with brushes arranged so as to clean said treads during their displacement. This cleaning can be continuous or on demand, that is to say controlled by the control unit 2 if necessary. A carrier carriage 130 according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 12 and 13. By way of non-limiting example, the carrier carriage 130 may have a length of about 5.5 m, a width of about 2.2 m and a height of about 40 cm. It is of a metal frame provided with two bearing strips 132 on which the shuttle 120 rolls. Referring to FIG. 13, the carrying carriage 130 moves through four motorized axles, each equipped with two wheels a total of eight wheels, four on each side. A higher or lower number of wheels can obviously be considered. The eight wheels are sized to withstand about 11 tons. The independent motorization of each axle is provided by four geared motors whose power is adapted to the configuration of the system object of the invention (to go fast and / or to make relatively long journeys, we will favor high power engines) . Each axle is equipped with a clutch for disengaging its associated geared motor in case of failure thereof. In this case, the control unit 2 is prevented and the latter may control the other carrier trucks so as to increase their rate. The power supply of the geared motors is advantageously via conductive balloons attached to the carrier carriage. These sensors rub on electrical rails fixed on vertical walls of the traffic aisles. In an alternative embodiment, and in a manner similar to that previously described 2939113 - 30 -

for the shuttle 120, the power supply can be made by means of batteries.

The wheels of the carrier trolleys 130 roll preferably on treads disposed in the circulation aisles 13, said trolleys being provided on their front part and on their rear part with brushes arranged so as to clean, continuously or on demand, said treads when moving.

According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention shown in FIG. 13, the carrier carriage 130 is equipped with a turntable 133 enabling the shuttle 120 and the load to be pivoted along a vertical axis. It may indeed be useful to modify the orientation of the plate 133 so that the transported vehicle is always in the direction of travel or that the shuttle 120 is oriented in the same direction as the storage locations 12 and / or or the elevator 140 when loading and / or unloading said vehicle. In any event, the use of this turntable makes it possible to reduce the width of the storage locations 12 and of the transfer zone 11 and thus makes it possible to optimize as much as possible the space available in the implantation site. by increasing the processing speed of the vehicles by performing this rotation in masked time during the displacement of the carrier carriage 130. In practice, the plate 133 comprises in its center an outer gear ring 1330 engaged by a motorized gear 1331. The rotation of the plate is advantageously provided by two geared motors of 1.1 KW with an output torque of 130 Nm and arranged at 180 ° from each other. Rotation is 1/2 turn clockwise and 1/2 turn counterclockwise. The plate 133 is also equipped with rollers 1332 rolling on a circular tread 1333 disposed around the ring 1330. 2939113 - 31 -

To optimize the positioning accuracy of the carrying carriages 130 in the circulation aisles 13, bar codes are preferably arranged in said circulation aisles, to the right of the storage locations 12 and / or to the right of the transfer zones 11 and / or to the right of the elevators 140, bar code readers being arranged on the sides of said carriages so as to read said bar codes. In this way, the control unit 2 can know the exact position of a carrier carriage 130 in a circulation aisle 13 and stop its motorization when it has reached the desired position. A similar result would be achieved by equipping the carrying trolleys 130 with a navigation device of the GPS type connected to the control unit 2.

It may be advantageous to equip the carrier trolleys 130 with an anti-collision device preventing two carriages from coming into contact when they move in the circulation aisles 13. To do this, two anti-collision cells are provided, respectively, arranged at the front of the carriages. front and rear of the carrying trolleys 130.

When certain loads to park are motor vehicles 20 (cars, two-wheelers, or other) with electric motor, before being moved, these vehicles can be previously positioned on a tray connected to a power source and equipped with a means to electrically recharge their motorization means. This will then be the set tray + vehicle that will be handled by the shuttle 120. The system object of the invention may further be used to make vehicles available to users. For example in the case of office buildings and / or businesses and / or rental agencies that provide vehicles, it may be necessary to manage the fleet of said 30 vehicles. To do this, the control unit 2 can integrate: 2939113 - 32 -

• a fleet management program including instructions for managing: - * fleet modification: removing an obsolete vehicle, introducing a new vehicle, freezing the use of a vehicle, ... 5 - * taking a vehicle: triggered by the presentation of a "multiservice" badge, association type user *> vehicle type, time stamp of each vehicle socket, unlocking a locker allowing access to a fuel card, unlocking a locker allowing access to vehicle keys, 10 - * the return of a vehicle: triggered by the presentation of the badge "multiservice", consistency tests with the vehicle socket (user / badge / vehicle verification), support of the vehicle return of the fuel card, mileage recovery, handling of possible anomalies and reporting to the driver, timestamping of the vehicle return with re-allocation of the vehicle availability (schedule management), - * the vehicle selection by the system according to the category assigned to the user's identity; • a reservation program including instructions for managing accessibility from the customer's intranet (user mode): 20-minute information; Identity of the user, category of vehicle, time of taking of vehicle, time of return of vehicle, confirmation of the availability of the vehicle, application of deadlines before taking and after restitution, signaling unavailability, putting the vehicle in available mode if the user does not come to pick it up, if the vehicle is not present (mapping error), the system reports it to the driver and issues another vehicle of the same category, • a program to manage accessibility via a web browser , • a program to manage the accessibility of the user files, • a program to manage the accessibility to the sheets of vehicles, • a program for the management the relationship between the user type 30 and the corresponding category, 2939113 - 33 -

• a program to manage the definition of authorizations between categories of vehicles, • a program to manage the possibility of category overflow in case of out of stock, 5 • a program to manage the optimization of the choice of the vehicle in the category requested, • a program to manage the scheduling of reservation (user, vehicle, duration and planning), • a program to include or not a category in the 10 available reservations, • a program to manage the display of anomalies, • a user profile management program for the access levels of the application functionalities (administrator, user and manager) including instructions for managing: the direct choice of vehicle, the freezing of the vehicle, the forcing of the input values ( in case of error) mileage, fuel level, acknowledgment of anomalies, display of the mapping of the stock area age, the edition of the reservation schedule, the publication of vehicle status reports (user, total period of use, category), the tracking of fuel maps, the export of the data to a spreadsheet, tracking first-level maintenance on vehicles (emptying ...), • an application options management program (customization) including instructions for managing: the choice of language, filtering access to functions / visibility of data according to profile 25 (in administrator mode), online help, appearance customization, editing of profiles, customization of reference tables, • program for tracking assignments including instructions for managing : - * vehicles and equipment: taxation (taxes due, derogations), maintenance 30 (types of visits and periodicity), consumption (types of energy and consumption thresholds), insurance, maturity dates, deadlines from 2939113 - 34 -

renewal, additional fields chosen by the user (possibility of adding fields), - * staff: staff likely to be assigned a vehicle, staff in charge of the equipment, workshop staff if the fleet is equipped with a 5 or more integrated workshops, driving and operating staff if operational monitoring modules are set, specialize the information according to the type of agent concerned, propose in the consultation lists only the necessary agents in the functional context in course, • a program for the monitoring of the counters comprising instructions for managing: the choice of the unit of activity, the management of the counter changes, the on-board computer interface of the cars, the interface with management application of activity • a program for the monitoring of the costs including the instructions to manage: 15 - * the consumptions: treatments of controls (highlighting anomalies with the r regarding consumption standards), statistics by product, supplier, assignments, incorporation of the cost of consumption at full cost - * maintenance: possible phase of order, date of delivery and 20 period of immobilization of equipment, supplier ( internal or external), number and date of order if the service is following an order with which it is then chained, eventual link with an accident file, nature of the service (curative, preventive, accident, pneumatic, development ...) , description of the service, which may result from the reference to a nomenclature, degree of importance, counter index, amounts, list of parts and supplies, generation of a maintenance record authorizing multicriteria consultations, statistics by nature of service and / or group of organs and / or supplier, incorporation of the cost of maintenance at full cost, provisional management of interventions, 30 - * l miscellaneous fees and receipts, 2939113 - 35 -

• a program for administrative management including instructions to manage: - * claims: basic information to cover the entire need in the simplest cases, additional descriptive information, location, 5 thirds, circumstances, administrative management information and financial, - * the minutes: census and description of the minutes (reason and circumstances, amount, ...), assignment to the responsible user, administrative follow-up of the minutes received by your services (status as of: settled , transmitted to the collaborator, litigation, closed, ...) 10 - * Contracts: monitoring periods and contractual milestones (which can evolve in the context of successive amendments) allowing an effective control of the duration / mileage pairing, detailed content and cost of services and services, according to the periodicity indicated, possibility of checking invoices received in relation to these parameters Contractual terms, 15 - * Flow-through cards: Identify the cards in force by supplier, vehicle and user, declare the authorized products for each card, renewal of cards, loss and theft declarations, control of invoiced services in relation to authorized services (automatic alert for entry or editing in the list of anomalies in the case of integration by interface), - * insurance, - * tax: vignette, TVS, non-deductible charge, business tax - * technical controls,

• a program for technical management comprising instructions for managing: - * the preventive: nomenclature of visits and interventions, for each of them, a periodicity based on the duration and / or the activity of the vehicles and equipment concerned as well as only on their age group where necessary - * the integrated workshop (s), 2939113 -36-

- * the stock (s), - * the fuel tanks: valuing the pick-ups at the internal pumps according to unit costs specific to each site, monitoring the quantities in the tank and managing the re-supply, 5 - * the tires - * the management of the workshop staff: recording periods of unavailability (holidays, illnesses, ...), history of work done (the times declared on maintenance operations are automatically taken into account by the module of management of workshop staff), possibility of recording various times (excluding workshop work), • a program for the management of operations including instructions for managing: - * pools - * short-term rentals and transport: commercial component with tariffs, 15 contract monitoring ..., - * rental and service contracts, - * operating staff: recording periods of unavailability (holidays, illnesses, etc.), mission history, possibility various time recording (non-operational), 20 • a program relating to configurable cross-connectivity options: GED, accounting, off-park, BO universe, multilingualism, reporting module, data export (spreadsheet, sql bdd, xml) ...), printing reports, etc.

Claims (28)

Revendications1. System for automatically parking loads, comprising: - a plurality of storage locations (12) arranged on different levels, - at each level, at least one circulation aisle (13) allowing access to the storage locations (12) at least one shuttle (120) configured to support the load to be parked and maneuver it horizontally in the storage locations (12), at least one carrier carriage (130) configured to carry the shuttle (120) and move it horizontally in the circulation aisle (13), - at least one elevator (140) configured to support the shuttle (120) and / or the carriage (130) and move them vertically from one level to another in a vertical duct (14), - a control unit (2) for automatically managing the movement of the shuttle (120), the carriage (130) and the elevator (140) so as to move the loads between a transfer area (11) and stock locations age (12), characterized in that the storage locations (12) are not all of the same size and in that the control unit (2) is arranged with means for detecting the template of each load parking arranged in the transfer zone (11), so that said loads are moved and parked in free locations whose dimensions are closest to their template. 2. System according to claim 1, wherein the control unit (2) integrates a computer program for keeping in memory the template of the parked charges and for analyzing in real time the available locations so as to move a load from a location where it was initially parked by default to another location that has become free and whose dimensions are closest to its size and / or moved to other locations where they can be grouped together to optimize the available space. 3. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the measurement of the length and the width of the load is carried out by means of motorized carriages moving on horizontal guide rails fixed against the walls and / or the ceiling of the transfer zone (11), said carriages being equipped with scanners for measuring dimensions. 15 4. System according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the measurement of the length and width of the load is carried out by means of motorized carriages moving on horizontal guide rails fixed against the walls and / or the ceiling of the transfer zone (11), said carriages being equipped with cameras for taking the image of said load, the central unit being equipped with a program enabling the dimensions of said load to be calculated from said picture. 5. System according to one of the preceding claim, comprising a charging device proportional to the gauge of the loads to be parked and possibly proportional to their weight. 6. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shuttle (120), the carriage (130) and the elevator (140) are independent of each other and move with their own means 30 motorization. 2939113 - 39 - 7. System according to one of the preceding claims, comprising several shuttles (120) and several carrying trolleys (130) and several elevators (140), the number of shuttles, carrying carriages and elevators not being equal. 8. System according to one of the preceding claims, comprising several shuttles (120) and several carrying trolleys (130) and several elevators (140), the number of shuttles, carrying trolleys and elevators being adjustable according to the periods of activities. 9. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein: - the loads to park are motor vehicles, - the shuttle (120) is configured to go under a vehicle and positioned between the wheels (R) of the latter - The lateral edges of the shuttle (120) are equipped with gripping means (123, 124) of each wheel (R) of said vehicle, - the gripping means each comprise a stop element (123) associated with a cradle (124) serving as a support channel during transportation of said vehicle, said cradle being configured to pass under a wheel and tilt to a locking position where said wheel is clamped between said cradle and said stop member. The system of claim 9, wherein the cradles (124) and stop members (123) are mounted on movable arms between a folded position where they are parallel to the side edges of the shuttle (120) and a deployed position where they are perpendicular to said side edges and wherein said shuttle (120) comprises a front portion (120A) and a rear portion (120B) equipped with gripping means (123, 124) 30 respectively front wheels and wheels rear of the vehicle, said parts being movably mounted on the shuttle so that said cradles can pass between said wheels and switch to the locking position. 11. System according to one of claims 9 or 10, wherein a desk allows users to indicate their identity or the identity of their vehicle so that the control unit (2) recognizes them and automatically admits the parking of their vehicle, the console used being tactile recognition and / or card with or without contact and / or voice recognition. 10 12. System according to claim 11, wherein the desk is positioned near the transfer area (11) or in a remote room such as apartments, offices, shopping centers, airports, train stations, hospitals, hotels or other, or accessible via a computer or a remote portable terminal. 13. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier carriage (130) is equipped with a turntable (133) for pivoting the shuttle (120) and the load along a vertical axis. 14. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier carriage (130) moves by means of axles on which wheels are mounted, each wheel being rotated by an independent geared motor and each axle being equipped with a clutch for uncoupling its associated geared motor. 15. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shuttle (120) moves by means of axles on which wheels (121) are mounted, each wheel being rotated by means of a wheel. independent geared motor and each axle being equipped with a clutch for uncoupling its associated geared motor. 16. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the power supply of the carrier carriage (130) is achieved via conducting balloons fixed on said carriage and rubbing on electrical rails arranged in the traffic aisles. (13). 17. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein 10 energy supply of the shuttle (120) is achieved by means of batteries equipped with chargers. 18. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shuttle (120) is equipped with wheels (121) rolling on treads arranged on the carrier carriage (130) and / or in the storage locations (12). ) and / or in the elevator (140) and / or in the transfer zone (11), said shuttle being provided at the front and at the rear with brushes arranged so as to clean said treads during its operation. displacement. 20 19. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the carrier carriage (130) is equipped with rolling wheels on the treads arranged in the circulation aisles (13), said carriage being provided at the front and at the front of the trolley. rear of brushes arranged to clean said treads as it moves. 20. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shuttle (120) is equipped with a device for detecting an object abandoned in a storage location (12), said detection device being formed of a projecting arm (128) disposed at the front and rear of said shuttle, the end of said arm being provided with a detection sensor (129). 21. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shuttle (120) is equipped with a device for recognizing the ground, said recognition device being formed by a ground recognition wheel (127) fixed to the ground. front and rear of said shuttle, said wheels being associated with sensors so that when said wheels are no longer in contact with the ground, the control unit (2) is instantly warned and stops the motorization of said shuttle bus. 22. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein first barcodes are arranged in the circulation aisles, to the right of the storage locations (12) and / or to the right of the transfer zone (11) and / or at the elevator (140), bar code readers being arranged on the sides of the carrier (130) so as to read said first barcodes and in which second bar codes are arranged in the storage locations (12) and / or in the transfer zone (11) and / or in the elevator (140) and / or in the carrier carriage (130), bar code readers being arranged on the sides of the shuttle (120) so as to read said second bar codes. 23. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elevator (140) and / or the transfer zone (11) comprise treads (141) on which the load is positioned, recentering bars ( 147) exerting a lateral thrust on said load so as to recenter it on said treads, said treads being provided with rollers (148) freely rotatably mounted on axes parallel to the insertion direction of the load, the latter rolling on said rollers during the action of said lateral thrust. 2939113 - 43 - 24. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elevator (140), its motorization device and its guiding device, are mounted in a movable fixed or movable structure (1400) forming the vertical duct (14). . 25. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein certain loads to be parked are electrically powered motor vehicles, before being moved, these vehicles being previously positioned on a plate connected to a power source and equipped with a means for electrically recharging their motorization means. 26. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the transfer zone (11) opens directly to an elevator (140) or directly on a circulation aisle (13). 27. System according to one of the preceding claims, in which any defect encountered when using said system is reasserted, in the form of information, in real time to the control unit (2) and / or to a control unit. remote centralized technical management which processes said information. 28. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the charges correspond to a fleet of vehicles made available to users, the control unit (2) integrating a fleet management program comprising instructions for managing modifying said fleet and / or for managing the taking of a vehicle and / or for managing the return of a vehicle and / or for managing the choice of a vehicle by said system according to the category assigned to the vehicle identity of a user. 30