FR2944540A1 - Clamp for supporting and fixing corbel work structure on wall of building, has displacement units moving deployable unit between insertion and withdrawal position and deployed position by sliding motion of sliders compared to body - Google Patents

Abstract

The clamp has displacement units including an activating rod (24), a handle (26), a connecting rod, a lever and sliders (28) slidingly mounted along a longitudinal axis of an elongated body. A gudgeon (80) is integrated to one of the sliders and a deployable unit having a latch (22) and a return tab (14), where the gudgeon is cooperated with a slot (82) that is provided on the other slider. The displacement units move the deployable unit between an insertion and withdrawal position and a deployed position by sliding motion of the sliders compared to the body.

Description

The present invention relates to a fastener for supporting and fixing a structure, in particular a corbel work structure, on a wall, of the type intended to be inserted through a through orifice of the wall from a side of the wall opposite to the corbelled working structure, the fastener comprising: an elongated body adapted to cross the wall from one side to the other between a first face and a second opposite face of the wall; ; at least one deployable member movably mounted relative to the body of the fastener between a first position of insertion and withdrawal of the fastener through the wall, and a second extended position; means for moving the deployable member between the first position and the second position; and - clamping means of the fastener on the wall. FR-A-2 917 471 discloses a support clip for insertion from one side of the wall opposite the structure that the clip is intended to carry. The clip can thus be inserted from inside a building and therefore without significant risk for the operator. The deployment of the retaining members whose attachment is provided, including a retaining tab of the structure, and the tightening of the fastener on the wall by screwing a nut, can be carried out from inside the building . Nevertheless, the retaining tab of the structure can, under the effect of a large shock, particularly with the structure, be moved to its retracted position insertion and thus be in a position unsuitable for retaining the structure. An object of the invention is to provide a support clip intended to be inserted and actuated from a side of the wall opposite to the structure that the fastener is intended to carry, and whose operating reliability is high. For this purpose, the present invention relates to a fastener of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the displacement means comprise a slide slidably mounted along a longitudinal axis of the body and a journal integral with one of the slide and the deployable member, the pin being arranged to cooperate with a light provided on the other of the slider and the deployable member and thus move the deployable member between the first position and the second position by sliding the slider relative to the body. According to particular embodiments, the invention comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination: the deployable member is rotatably mounted relative to the body between the first position and the second position; position; - The light has a first oblong portion and a second oblong portion opening on one another and inclined relative to each other; the light is substantially L-shaped; the light is bent, its two portions forming between them an obtuse angle; the slider defines a bearing surface for the structure; - said scope extends in the second position of the deployable member, between the body of the fastener and the deployable member; - The slider, the body of the fastener and the deployable member together define, in at least one configuration of the fastener, a continuous planar surface for supporting the structure; the means for moving at least one of the deployable members comprises a slider slidably mounted along a longitudinal axis of the body and at least one rod articulated on the slider and connected to said deployable member for moving said deployable member between its insertion position and deployed position; - The displacement means comprise a connecting rod whose one end is articulated on the slide, while the other end is articulated on said deployable member; - Said displacement means comprise a lever integral in rotation of the deployable member, the connecting rod being hinged at a first end rotational on the slide, and at a second end on the lever; the connecting rod is received in a slot of the deployable member; the slot has a bottom of complementary shape to the connecting rod; - Said member is a latch movably mounted between an insertion position and withdrawal, and an extended position to ensure the clamping and fixing the fastener on the wall; said member is a retaining tab of the structure; - The clamping means comprise a clamping member of the fastener on the wall, the clamping member defining an axial bearing surface against the inner surface of the through-hole of the wall for clamping the fastener on the wall ; - The clamping member is shaped to also provide a radial support in the through hole; - The clamping member is slidably mounted relative to the body of the fastener along a longitudinal axis of the body; - The clamping member is rotatably mounted about the longitudinal axis of the body; said clamping member is disposed on a support slidably mounted along the longitudinal axis of the body and free to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the body of the fastener; said clamping member is an elastomeric buffer; - The clamping member is made of a rigid material, for example steel; the fastener comprises a nut for clamping the fastener from the first side of the wall, the nut being screwed onto the body of the fastener and thus movable in translation along the body of the fastener, the fastener being configured so that the nut pushes said clamping member into the hole of the wall when tightening the nut; - The fastener comprises a first washer mounted captive and crazy on the nut; the fastener also comprises a second washer with a low coefficient of friction arranged between the nut and the first washer. The invention also relates to a corbelled working structure assembly, characterized in that it comprises a corbelled working structure and at least one support and fixing attachment as described above adapted to provide support of the structure.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which will follow, given solely by way of example, and with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a structure assembly of corbel work according to the invention and a wall on which said assembly is intended to be fixed; FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view from a first side of the wall, illustrating the insertion of the fastener into the wall by the first side, the fastener being in an insertion and withdrawal configuration ; - Figure 3 is a schematic perspective view illustrating the fastener from the side of the corbelled work structure, the fastener being in an expanded configuration; - Figure 4 is a schematic sectional view of the fastener of Figure 2; - Figure 4a is a view similar to Figure 4, illustrating the fastener deployed configuration and fixed on the wall; - Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 of the fastener according to a second embodiment of the invention, after insertion of the fastener through the wall; - Figure 5a is a view similar to Figure 4a of the fastener of Figure 5; - Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 5 of a fastener according to a third embodiment; - Figure 6a is a view similar to Figures 4a and 5a of the fastener of Figure 6; - Figure 7 is a view similar to Figures 5 and 6 of a fastener according to a fourth embodiment; and FIG. 7a is a view similar to FIGS. 4a, 5a and 6a of the fastener of FIG. 7. FIG. 1 illustrates the environment in which a corbel working structure assembly 2 according to the invention is generally used. . This assembly 2 comprises a corbel working structure 4 intended to be positioned against the outer face 6A of a wall 8 of a building. The corbelled work structure 4 has a working platform 4A and support legs 4B against the wall 8. This assembly also comprises fasteners 10 for supporting and fixing the corbel working structure 4 on the wall 8. The fasteners 10 receive, for this purpose, the working platform 4A. The fasteners 10 are intended to be inserted from one side of the opposite wall 8, namely the side of the inner face 6B of the wall 8, through a through hole 11 of the wall 8 slightly converging towards the face 6B. The fasteners 10 can thus be inserted and actuated safely by an operator from the side of the wall opposite to the structure 4, as illustrated in FIG. 1. The fastener 10 according to a first embodiment of the invention is illustrated. in more detail in Figures 2 to 4bis. The fastener 10 has an elongated body 12 intended to pass through the wall 6 from one side to the other, and on which various accessories of the fastener 10 are arranged.

The fastener 10 comprises, in known manner, a tab 14 for retaining the structure 4, mounted deployable. For this purpose, the lug 14 is rotatably mounted on the body 12 between an insertion and withdrawal position of the fastener through the wall 6, in which the lug 14 does not substantially project radially relative to the body 12, and an extended position for retaining the structure (FIGS. 3 and 4a), in which the lug 14 is deployed radially with respect to the body 12. The fastener 10 also comprises fastening means on the wall 8, including a tightening nut 18 , intended to be clamped towards the inner face 6B of the wall 8, and a latch 22 mounted deployable and intended to clamp the opposite face 6A of the wall 8. The nut 18 is screwed onto a threaded proximal portion 12B of the body 12 ( left on the drawings), which extends along a longitudinal axis A. The nut 18 is thus movable in translation along the axis A with respect to the body 12 to clamp the fastener 10 on the wall 8.

The nut 18 has an actuating head 23 shaped for manual actuation from the proximal end 10B of the fastener 10. The head 23 has for this purpose several fingers 23 'projecting radially, namely three fingers 23' arranged at 120 ° in the illustrated example.

The fastener 10 also comprises a rod 24 for actuating the tab 14 and the latch 22 to move the latter between their insertion position and their respective deployed position. The rod 24 is slidably mounted along the axis A inside the proximal portion 12B of the body 12 (Figure 2) and rotatably connected to the body 12 about the axis A, by locking the two proximal ends The rod 24 is provided at its proximal end 24B with a handle 26 extending outside the body 12. The handle 26 is integral in rotation with the rod 24 and shaped to allow the operator to be indicated to the operator the orientation of the tab 14 located on the other side of the wall 8. In the illustrated example, an orientation of the handle 26 downwards corresponds to an upward orientation of the tab 14. The rod 24 is provided , at its distal end 24A, a slide 28 mounted integral with the rod 24 and sliding inside a distal portion 12A of the body 12. In a variant, the rod 24 and the slide 28 are formed in one piece . The translation of the rod 24 in a first direction along the axis B, namely towards the proximal end 10B of the fastener 10 in the illustrated example, automatically deploys the latch 22 and the tab 14, while the translation of the rod 24 in the opposite direction automatically moves them to their insertion and withdrawal position. The rod 24 is resiliently biased by a spring 31 to the left, in the direction of the automatic deployment of the latch 22 and the lug 14. The distal portion 12A of the body 12 delimits a bearing surface 29 against the inner surface of the through orifice 11 of the wall 8, at its distal end 11A. The distal portion 12A of the body 12 is of longitudinal axis B. The distal portion 12A is thus shaped substantially coaxially with the proximal portion 12B. The latch 22 and the tab 14 are provided on the distal portion 12A. The tab 14 also overlaps the distal portion 12A. The tab 14 has, for this purpose, a U-shaped cross section. The clip 10 according to the invention has several remarkable features, which will be described below.

The clip 12 illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4bis is firstly remarkable in that it comprises an elastomeric pad or sleeve 32 for axial and radial support in the orifice 11 of the wall 8. The pad 32 is mounted movable in translation along the body 12 to tighten the fastener 10 on the wall 8. The nut 18 ensures the translational movement of the buffer 32 along the body 12. The buffer 32 is in fact arranged distally to the nut 18 so that the pad 32 is pushed by the nut 18 in the orifice 11 during screwing of the nut 18.

The buffer 32 delimits a bearing surface 34 bearing axially against the inner surface of the through orifice 11. The portion 34 is shaped so that the relative approximation of the buffer 32 and the latch 22 ensures the axial clamping of the wall 8 between the buffer 32 and the latch 22. The span 34 is conical and convergent towards the distal end of the fastener 10. It is of complementary shape to the orifice 11. The orifice 11 has, in the illustrated example, a conical shape and converging towards its distal end 11A. The scope 34 has alternatively another form of any type adapted to ensure the axial and radial immobilization of the buffer 32 against the inner surface of the orifice 11. It may be for example a truncated pyramidal shape.

In the illustrated example, the buffer 32 is a sleeve fixed on a support 36 itself slidably mounted and free to rotate about the proximal portion 12B of the body 12. The support 36 defines a bearing surface 36B receiving the bearing forces of As a variant, the pad 32 is formed in one piece with its support.

In general, the buffer 32 is mounted on the proximal portion 12B of the body 12, which can be moved in translation along the axis B and preferably free to rotate about the axis B. In addition, the buffer 32 is arranged to be displaced in translation in the orifice 11 by screwing the nut 18. To minimize the friction forces, the nut 18 is provided with a washer 38 for bearing on the support 36. The washer 38 is mounted captive and crazy on the nut 18.

An optional additional washer 40, preferably made of a low friction material, is interposed between the washer 38 and the nut 18 to reduce the frictional forces. The additional washer 40 is for example made of bronze, polytetrafluoroethylene or steel with a low coefficient of friction. The pad 32 is, for its part, preferably made of a material whose coefficient of friction is relatively high. It is for example made of an elastomeric material, preferably rubber, or another material of any suitable type, for example a rigid material such as steel.

In addition, the material used for the pad 32 is preferably elastically deformable, such as rubber. But alternatively, the pad is made of a rigid material and can also be made of a low friction material, for example bronze, tetrafluoroethylene, polymer or steel.

The support 36 is in turn preferably made of a rigid material, for example steel. The fastener 10 according to the invention is also remarkable in that, once the fastener 10 is tightened on the wall 8, the displacement of the latch 22 from its extended position towards its insertion position loosens the fastener 10 of the wall 8.

The latch 22 is rotatably articulated on the slider 28 between its insertion position and its deployed position so that the displacement of the latch 22 from its extended position to its insertion position moves the latch 22 away from the latching surface. the wall 8. For the automatic displacement of the latch 22 by actuation of the rod 24, the latch 22 has a cam follower surface 42 intended to cooperate with a cam surface 42 'formed by the body 12 to move the latch 22 of its deployed position towards and to its retracted position during the sliding of the rod 24 in a first direction, namely towards the distal end 10A of the fastener 10, in the illustrated example.

Conversely, a cam follower / cam follower 44/44 'is provided on the latch 22 and the body 12 to move the latch 12 from its insertion position to its deployed position.

Finally, the clip 10 illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4 a is remarkable in that the means for moving the tab 14 comprise, besides the slide 28, a connecting rod 50. The connecting rod 50 is articulated rotatively at the distal end of the slide 28 and at the end of a lever 52 integral in rotation with the tab 14. The lever 52 and the tab 14 are indeed, in the example shown, secured in rotation by a flat portion 54 formed by one and received in the other. The flat portion 54 is here provided on the pivot pin of the lug 14 on the body 12. The lug 14 also has, in known manner, a horizontal retaining surface 14A of the structure 4, and a latch hook 14B a lever of the structure 4, for a vertical restraint. The operation of the clip 10 will now be described. For the insertion of the fastener 10 through the wall 8, the operator initially pulls the handle 26, and therefore the rod 24 and the slider 28, towards the proximal end 10B of the fastener 10. As a result, the tab 14 and the latch 22 are moved into their respective insertion and withdrawal positions, in which the latter do not substantially project radially relative to the body 12. Once the clip 10 has been inserted into through the orifice 11 of the wall 8, the operator releases the handle 26.

Under the action of the spring 31, the rod 24 moves towards the distal end of the fastener 10 and moves, through the slider 28, the latch 22 and the tab 14 to and to their respective deployed positions. . The displacement of the pattel4 is ensured by the connecting rod 50 and the displacement of the latch 22 by the cam follower surfaces 44/44 '.

Once this is done, the operator screws the nut 18 along the body 12 to move the buffer 32 along the body 12 of the fastener 10 until the insertion and tightening of the buffer 32 in the orifice 11. The buffer 32 is then in axial and radial bearing in the orifice 11. Once inserted in the position of Figure 4a, the buffer 32 and the latch 22 thus clamp the wall 8 between them so that the fastener 10 is immobilized axially in the orifice 11. The fastener 10 is also immobilized radially by the bearing surface 34 of the pad 32 and by the bearing surface 29 defined by the distal portion 12A of the body 12.

Finally, the fastener 10 is immobilized in rotation about the axis of the orifice 11 by the frictional forces of the latch 22 on the wall 8 and the buffer 32 in the orifice 11. To remove the fastener 10, The operator pulls the handle 26, which folds the tab 14 and releases the latch 22 of the wall 8, thus loosening the fastener 22. The latch 22 and the tab 14 are then in the insertion position and it suffices to operator to pull the clip 10 out of the hole 11. The unscrewing of the nut 18 is not necessary. The invention thus has many advantages.

The bearing surface 34 first provides a large and uniform bearing surface against the inner surface of the orifice 11. With the fastener according to the invention, the immobilization in rotation of the body 12 about its axis, relative to at the wall 8, is thus reliable even when the surface state of the wall 8 is relatively smooth.

Then, the rotational free mounting of the buffer 32 on the body 12 avoids friction forces of the buffer in the orifice 11 and thus facilitates the screwing of the nut 18. The washers 38 and 40 reduce the friction forces when screwing the nut 18.

It follows that for the same screwing effort of the nut 18, the clamping force obtained may be much greater with the fastener according to the invention, which makes particularly reliable immobilization in rotation, as well as the fixed in axial and radial translation. Finally, the mounting of the latch 22 allows quick and easy removal.

FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention in which only the differences with respect to the first embodiment are described below, and on which reference numerals identical to the preceding figures designate analogous elements. The fastener 10 according to the second embodiment differs essentially from the fastener 10 according to the first embodiment by the means for moving the latch 22 and the tab 14. Indeed, the means for moving the latter comprise a connecting rod. respective 60, 62 whose one end is articulated rotatably on the corresponding member to deploy 14, 22 and whose other end is rotatably articulated on the slide 28. The rod 60 of the latch 22 is received in a slot of the latter. The slot has a bottom complementary to the shape of the rod 60, to receive the rod 60 bearing against the bottom of the slot, in the insertion position. The buffer 32 has also been replaced by a washer 60 defining a bearing surface 60A of radial immobilization of the body 12 in the orifice 11. The washer 60 is integral in translation with the nut 18. The tightening of the fastener 10 is performed by axial support of the washer 38 secured to the nut 18 on the inner face 6B of the wall 8, outside the orifice 11, in a known manner. In addition, the fastener 12 has the particularity of being provided with a nut 70 for actuating the rod 24. The nut 70 is screwed onto the rod 24 along the axis B at the proximal end. 24B of the stem 24.

The nut 70 carries on the body 12 so that the screwing of the nut 70 moves the rod 24 in translation relative to the body 12 along the axis A. The latches of the latch 22 and the tab 14 s 'find it secure. It should also be noted that the proximal position 12B of the body 12 is offset radially relative to the distal position 12A.

For the actuation of the fastener 12, the nut 70 is first unscrewed along the rod 24, so as to push the latter into the body 12 and thus move the latch 22 and the lug 14 in their housing. insertion position illustrated in Figure 5. In this position, the tab 14 is substantially in the extension of the body 12.

Once the fastener in its position of Figure 5, the operator screws first nut 70 to move the rod 24 to the proximal end 10B of the fastener 10 and thus move the latch 22 and the leg 14 to their deployed position by means of the rods 60 and 62. The rods 60 and 62 have the advantage of allowing a large lever arm on the deployable members 14, 22. In addition, the rods 60 and 62 are bent, for a small footprint. Finally, the connecting rod 60 makes it possible to lengthen the latch 22, and thus to improve the tightening of the fastener 10 on the wall 8.

The nut 70 retaining the rod 24 secures the fastener 10 by preventing, once screwed, the displacement of the latch 22 and the rod 14 to their insertion position. The offset of the proximal portion 12B of the body 12 relative to the distal portion 12A of the body 12 reduces the bulk of the slider 28 in the distal portion 12A of the body 12 and thus a large dimensioning of the deployable members 14, 22. The Figures 6 and 6bis illustrate a third embodiment of the fastener 10 in which only the differences with respect to the second embodiment of the fastener 10 will be described below, and on which reference numerals identical to the preceding figures designate similar elements. The fastener 10 according to the third embodiment differs essentially by the displacement means of the tab 14. Indeed, the fastener 10 comprises a pin 80 integral in translation with the slider 28 and cooperating with a slot 82 of the tab 14 to move the tab 14 between its insertion and withdrawal position, and its deployed position. The light 82 is in L, so as to allow the trunnion 80 to approach the axis of rotation C of the lug 14 and to move away during the displacement of the slider 28.

This displacement system has the advantage of locking the lug 14 in its deployed position particularly safely. Indeed, in the extended position shown in Figure 6a, a force exerted on the tab 14 generates a force on the pin 80 substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction 6 of the slide 28. This is an effort shear to which the slider 28, for example provided steel, is particularly resistant. This effort does not tend to move the slider 28 along its sliding axis A. This characteristic, combined with the maintenance of the rod by the nut 70, contributes to a considerable security of the fastener 10.

Trunnion 80 is, in addition, for a better resistance to the shear force, received in an oblong slot 84 formed in the body 12 in the sliding direction A of the slider 28.

It should also be noted that the slider 28 defines, in the vicinity of the pin 80, a bearing surface 86 of horizontal support of the structure 4. This conformation of the slider 28 allows for example to provide a greater number of geometric configurations of the fastener 10 .

The span 86 extends, in the deployed position of the tab 14, between the body 12 and the tab 14. The slide 28, the body 12 and the tab 14 define, in deployed configuration, a continuous planar surface for supporting the structure 4. Finally, FIGS. 7 and 7bis illustrate a fourth embodiment of the fastener 10 in which only the differences with respect to the third embodiment will be described below, and on which reference numerals identical to the preceding figures denote similar elements. The fastener 10 according to the fourth embodiment is essentially distinguished in that the rod 60 for actuating the latch 22 is rectilinear, and also by a geometry slightly different from the light 82. Indeed, the light 82 has, in this for example, two oblong portions 82A, 82B whose angle of inclination with respect to each other is obtuse and larger than in the embodiment of Figures 6 and 6bis. It is for example represented between 120 ° and 135 °. In addition, the tab 14 has a slightly different geometry. In general, the various accessories of the fastener 12 have been provided for greater simplicity. Thus, the span 86 formed by the slider 28 has been removed, and the shapes of the tab 14 simplified. It should be noted that the characteristics of the different embodiments can be combined with each other in any technically possible combination. The buffer 32 may for example be provided on the fasteners of Figures 5 to 7a. The nut 70 can also be provided on the fastener of the first embodiment, as well as the different means of movement of the tab 14 and the latch 22. Finally, note that advantageously, the latch 22 may be provided with color red on its inner side so that an operator can easily check its deployment from the ground.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS1.- Fastener (10) for supporting and fixing a structure (4), in particular a cantilevered work structure, on a wall (8), of the type intended to be inserted through a through hole (11) of the wall (8) from a side of the wall (8) opposite to the corbelled working structure (4), the fastener (10) comprising: - an elongated body (12) adapted to pass through the wall (8) of share between a first face (6B) and a second face (6A) opposite the wall (8); at least one deployable member (14; 22) mounted movable relative to the body (12) of the fastener (10) between a first insertion and withdrawal position of the fastener (10) through the wall (8); ), and a second deployed position; - moving means (24, 26, 28, 50, 52) of the deployable member (14; 22) between the first position and the second position; and - clamping means (18, 22) of the fastener (10) on the wall (8), characterized in that the displacement means comprise a slide (28) slidably mounted along a longitudinal axis (A ) of the body (12) and a pin (80) integral with one of the slide (28) and the deployable member (14; 22), the pin (80) being arranged to cooperate with a light (82) provided on the other of the slide (28) and the deployable member (14; 22) and thereby move the deployable member (14; 22) between the first position and the second position by sliding the slide (28) relative to the body (12). 2. A fastener (10) according to claim 1, wherein the deployable member (14; 22) is rotatably mounted relative to the body (12) between the first position and the second position. 3.- A fastener (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the slot (82) has a first oblong portion (82A) and a second oblong portion (82B) opening on top of one another and inclined one compared to each other. The fastener (10) of claim 3, wherein the lumen (82) is substantially L-shaped. 5. A fastener (10) according to claim 3, wherein the slot (82) is bent, its two portions forming between them an obtuse angle. 6. A fastener (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the slider (38) defines a bearing surface (86) for the structure (4). 7. A fastener (10) according to claim 6, wherein said bearing surface (86) extends, in the second position of the deployable member (14), between the body (12) of the fastener (10) and the deployable member (14). 8. A fastener (10) according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the slider (28), the body (12) of the fastener (10) and the deployable member (14) together define in at least one configuration of the fastener (10), a continuous flat support surface of the structure (4).