FR2833213A1 - Opening/closing system e.g. for window in motor vehicle door has mobile component mounted on single support/guide providing two-stage movement - Google Patents

Abstract

The system, comprising a fixed assembly connected to the vehicle body or door and a moving component (12) that moves relative to it, has the moving component mounted on a single support/guide (21) in the form of a rail with a mechanism providing for a two-stage movement: A first stage comprising a locking/unlocking movement perpendicular to the plane of the fixed assembly, and a second stage in the form of a sliding movement parallel to it. It also incorporates a mechanism to maintain the stability of the mobile component during its movement, including a drive with an endless screw, rack or cable mechanism.

Description

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 Device for closing a bay formed in a vehicle with a single sliding rail, and corresponding vehicle.

 The field of the invention is that of motor vehicle bays.

More specifically, the invention relates to devices for closing a bay formed in the body of a vehicle, and comprising a sliding movable part capable of releasing or closing an opening.

 Conventionally, to seal the opening of a vehicle, whether it be an automobile, a utility vehicle, a truck, a bus or a railway wagon, a glass, held by a connecting frame. The latter has an internal part and an external part, which pinch the edges of the glass and the opening in the bodywork simultaneously, with a seal.

 The most commonly used technique for opening and closing a car window is to make it movable vertically in its own plane, by making it enter or exit the box or the trim of the side doors.

 This technique is commonly used today and solutions for automating it are known. The equipment of automobiles with electric windows is very widespread today.

 However, this technique has many drawbacks. The actuation and drive means are heavy, bulky and complex to assemble. The resulting doors therefore have a large volume, which affects the volume available inside the vehicle (width at the elbows in particular).

 They also have a high manufacturing cost and conventionally pose sealing problems. Maintenance is also complex. They also impose constraints in terms of aesthetics and ergonomics.

 Another technique has been proposed by the owner of this patent application. This technique is notably described in patent documents EP - 0 778 168 and EP-0 857 844. The shutter device (hereinafter called "flush bay") presented in these documents comprises a fixed assembly and a part

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 movable relative to this fixed assembly. The mobile part is connected to the fixed assembly by functional elements which provide the required mobility and which are attached to the face of the fixed part facing the interior of the vehicle.

 Such a flush bay can be mounted entirely independently of the vehicle, and attached from the outside, in the housing defined for this purpose on the vehicle body. It can also be secured, in particular by gluing to the lower part of a door, according to the technique described in patent document EP-1 022 172. This thus solves most of the problems identified above.

 From an aesthetic point of view, the flush bay presents, from the outside, a smooth, flush appearance, since no frame is necessary.

 The movement of the mobile part can be, for example, tilting or sliding. An example of this latter case is described briefly below.

 To ensure the sliding of the movable part, generally consisting of a transparent panel, the functional means include a guide device comprising first and second guide rails mounted fixed on the fixed assembly of the bay, on either side of the opening closed by the movable panel. This is mounted on the rails, to slide in a longitudinal direction, in a sliding plane between one (or more) open position and an intermediate release position in which it is opposite the bay and released from that -this.

 Hinge means ensure the connection of the panel with the guide rails so as to allow transverse movement of the panel between its intermediate release position in which it is opposite and transversely set back from the opening, and its closed position. in which it is embedded in the bay. The movable panel thus passes from the plane formed by the fixed assembly (closed position) to a substantially parallel plane of sliding, and vice versa.

 The invention relates in particular to this type of shutter device, to its variants and improvements. Thus, the invention can be applied to all shutter devices whose opening and / or closing kinematics includes a movement (y) between an open position and a position

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 intermediate release, in a plane parallel to the plane of the fixed assembly, and a displacement (x) in this plane parallel.

 This breakdown of movements of longitudinal displacement and transverse embedding is particularly advantageous, because it allows an opening of the panel along the vehicle (for example parallel to the side thereof) while ensuring the closure, an embedding of the panel in the Bay.

 In some cases, it is not possible, or not desirable, to provide two rails to hold and / or guide the movable panel. This is for example the case for small mobile panels.

 In particular, it is not desirable that these rails be placed centrally, and therefore visible through the fixed assembly (they are generally placed close to an edge, and concealed from the outside by means of example, of a screen printing).

 The opening and closing operations of this type of shutter device are currently carried out manually.

 The automation, and therefore the motorization, of flush racks is of course desirable, if not necessary, to equip modern vehicles. The principle of motorization has therefore been envisaged. However, no effective solution has yet been proposed.

 One of the technical reasons for this problem is that the automation of the succession of displacements (movement in x, then in y) is much more complex than the implementation of a movement in a single plane, as it is the case. when the window enters the door.

 We are therefore led to provide specific means for each of the movements in x and in y, which leads to complex assemblies, costly and bulky, and therefore unsuitable.

 The problem of space (and weight) is essential, in the case of flush windows: one cannot hide all or part of the actuation means in the lower box of the door, which one wishes to keep closed.

Most of the surface of the bay is therefore visible, and it is not possible to envisage

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 that mechanical means (engine, linkage, ...) are apparently and / or occupy a large area and volume.

 In addition, the racks must remain easy to manufacture, deliver and assemble, which is generally not very compatible with the concept of automation.

 It will be noted that it has been envisaged to combine the two movements, in the form of a swinging movement, according to which the distal edge of the movable part is, at the end of the race, in the plane of the bay (the movable part then being across, between the shutter plane and the sliding plane). It then suffices to bring the proximal edge manually, to ensure the obturation.

 However, a completely automated shutter is not obtained, unless additional means are provided, which brings back the problems mentioned above.

 The invention does not, however, aim at this type of device with a wiggling movement, which poses numerous problems, in particular in terms of sealing and aesthetics, because the clearance between the movable panel and the opening must be great when the 'back.

 The invention therefore relates to devices in which the movable panel remains permanently substantially parallel to itself, or, more precisely, to the plane defined by the opening. In other words, the movable panel passes through a plurality of planes, all substantially parallel.

 The term substantially means that there may be clearances, offsets or displacements which are not perfectly straight, due to the structure and shape of the opening and of the vehicle, of the materials, of the tolerances, of the wear, ... However, it does not include the case of a panel across a swaying device.

 Note also that the term plan must be understood here in a broader sense: the plane formed by the bay is generally curved, in one or even two directions (this can also justify, in some cases, the term substantially).

 The invention therefore particularly aims to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above.

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 More specifically, the invention aims to provide a device for closing a bay integrating a movable panel, permanently remaining substantially parallel to the plane formed by the bay, not requiring the use of two sliding rails.

 Another object of the invention is to provide such a closure device, which is well suited to mobile panels of small size and / or of particular shape and / or location.

 Another objective of the invention is to provide such a shutter device, the operation of which can be easily and efficiently motorized.

 The invention also aims to provide such a device for closing a bay which ensures complete and simultaneous embedding of the panel in the bay during a closing operation.

 The invention also aims to provide such a device for closing a bay which is simple to produce, to be mounted on a door or on a vehicle, and which allows easy and reliable use.

 Yet another objective of the invention is to provide such a closure device, having good anti-intrusion and sealing characteristics.

 Another objective of the invention is to provide such a device for closing a bay which retains all the advantages of "flush bays" already developed by the holder of this application, and in particular: - flush aesthetic appearance; - aerodynamic aspects; - ease and reduced cost of manufacture; - ease and reduced cost of assembly.

 These objectives, as well as others which will appear subsequently, are achieved with the aid of a device for closing a bay formed in the body of a motor vehicle, comprising a fixed assembly intended to be attached to said body and a part movable relative to said fixed assembly. According to the invention, said mobile part is mounted on a single support and / or guide element, ensuring kinematics of said mobile part relative to said fixed assembly broken down into two displacements:

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 a locking / unlocking movement (y), perpendicular to the plane formed by said fixed assembly, and allowing passage from the plane formed by said fixed assembly to a sliding plane, substantially parallel to said plane formed by said fixed assembly, and vice versa; a sliding movement (x) in said sliding plane.

 The device of the invention further comprises means for maintaining said movable part in a stable position, when said movable part is moved to a desired open position.

 Thus, according to the invention, it is possible to ensure the mobility of a movable panel using a single rail, by ensuring that the latter is maintained correctly and efficiently, when it is in the open position. There is therefore no risk of it deteriorating, or of bumping against the fixed assembly regularly (which would cause unacceptable noise and deterioration).

 Advantageously, said means for holding said movable part presses the latter against said fixed assembly.

 The invention particularly applies advantageously to a new flush bay structure in which said movable panel has at least one edge and / or a common angle with an edge and / or an angle of said shutter device.

 According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, said support and / or guide element comprises a rail, integral with said fixed assembly, and at least one element sliding in said rail, integral with said movable panel and having an articulation, the actuation of said articulation allowing said locking / unlocking movement.

 The movements of said movable panel can be manual. However, they are advantageously provided by unique motorization means.

 According to a first advantageous embodiment, said sliding element comprises a first profile secured to said movable panel and a second profile secured to said rail, connected at said articulation, said

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 first and second profiles being selectively secured or disengaged in translation, so as to interrupt the movement in translation of said first profile, when closing said opening, when the movable panel is opposite said opening, said second profile continuing its translational movement on an additional portion of said rail.

 In this case, said additional portion of said rail advantageously carries a cam or a ramp, causing a rotation of said second profile, so as to act on said articulation to bring said movable panel into said closed position.

 Advantageously, said first profile can be stopped in translation using a stop acting on said first profile and / or on said movable panel.

 Preferably, said movable panel is placed in said opening plane under the effect of its own weight, when it is not maintained in the closed position.

 According to another advantageous embodiment, said single motorization means transmit a torque to said articulation when said panel is facing said opening, to bring said movable panel back into said closed position.

 Said motorization means can thus advantageously act on a worm / nut system, said nut being formed on and / or integral with at least one element integral with said movable panel, said sliding movement corresponding to a displacement of said nut on said screw , and said locking / unlocking movement corresponding to a locked position of said nut on said screw.

 According to another advantageous embodiment, said mobile part is carried by at least two sliding elements guided identically by guide means defined in said support and / or guide element.

 In this case, said locking / unlocking movement is preferably a rotation of a small radius, less than 1 cm.

 Advantageously, said rail can in particular carry at least two sliding elements, each mounted in two grooves, one end of which is

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 configured so that said sliding elements have a rotational movement when passing from said sliding plane to said sealing plane, and vice versa.

 Advantageously, when the device is motorized, said means for holding said movable part are formed and / or actuated by said motorization means.

 In particular, said means for holding said mobile part can advantageously act so as to interrupt the sliding of said mobile part and to reverse the direction of rotation of said motorization means.

 Said motorization means can in particular act on one of the transmission means belonging to the group comprising: the racks; cables ; the worms; helical groove drums, and combinations thereof.

 Advantageously, in the case where a worm is used, and in particular when the device is not flat, said worm is a flexible screw.

 According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, at least part of the edges of said movable part is equipped with a seal, ensuring sealing in said closed position and forming a shock absorber in said predetermined open position.

 According to another advantageous aspect of the invention, the closure device comprises means for locking said movable part in its position for closing said opening.

 These in particular make it possible to guarantee sufficient tightness, and security against attempted break-ins.

 Preferably, said locking means act at least on one edge of said movable part remote from said single rail.

 Advantageously, said locking means comprise:

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 at least a first latch mounted on said fixed part, and cooperating with a keeper mounted on said movable part; and / or - at least one second latch mounted on said movable part, and cooperating with a keeper mounted on said fixed part.

 According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, at least one of said first latches and at least one of the second latches are actuated by a single control.

 In this case, at least one of said first locks can advantageously act on at least one of said second locks by means of a rod mounted in the extension of said first lock.

 Preferably, at least one of said locks uses return means, tending to return it to its unlocked position.

 According to an advantageous characteristic, at least one of said latches is actuated by an actuating element mounted in the extension of said sliding element.

 Said element may in particular comprise at least one finger cooperating with a cam, when said movable part is in the closed position.

 In this case, said cam can advantageously take at least two positions: - a locking position, immobilizing said lock (s) when said finger is engaged with said cam; a release position, releasing said lock (s) from the corresponding keepers, when said object is not in engagement with said cam.

 The invention also relates to motor vehicles comprising at least one closure device as described above.

 Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of several preferred embodiments of the invention, given by way of illustrative and nonlimiting examples, and of the drawings among which: Figure 1 shows an example of a closure device according to the invention, in which the movable panel is produced in a corner;

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 - Figures 2A and 2B schematically illustrate the drive mechanism of the movable panel of Figure 1, implementing a single rail; Figure 3 is a section AA of Figure 1 showing the seal; - Figures 4A and 4B show the motorized operation of the device of Figure 1; - Figure 5 is an exploded view of the various elements ensuring the mobility of a movable panel, according to another embodiment; Figures 6A and 6B illustrate a variant of the closure device of Figures 1 to 4B, equipped with locking means.

 As already mentioned, the invention is particularly well suited to flush cabinets using a small movable panel, and / or made in an angle or an edge of the fixed assembly (the movable panel forms, when closed , an edge or an angle of the bay).

 An example of such an opening is illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 1. This FIG. 1 shows a vehicle door, having a fixed window 11 and a moving window, or panel 12, sliding horizontally. The fixed window + movable window assembly can be attached, as a whole, for example by gluing, to the door casing 13.

 The movable window 12 is mounted on an articulation member, or toggle joint, as is illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B.

 The mechanism and the mode of operation of this toggle joint are not described in detail, which may be identical or similar to those described in the patent documents EP-0 778 168 and EP-0 857 844 mentioned above.

 The toggle switch 21 can move in translation along the fixed window 11. When closing, a rotation 23 imparted to the element 212 (movement of the toggle switch) brings the movable panel 12 back to its closed position. A corner 64 mounted on the fixed window 11 provides guidance and wedging of the movable panel (Figure 2B).

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 A seal 31, illustrated in FIG. 3, which is a partial section along the axis AA (FIG. 1), provides on the one hand sealing, and on the other hand stopping the movable window, when it is in the closed position.

 The displacement of the movable window 12 can be manual, using a handle integral with the toggle joint 21, and making it possible to obtain rotation 23 (according, for example, to the technique presented in the aforementioned patent documents).

 Advantageously, this movement is motorized.

 FIGS. 4A and 4B show the drive mechanism, respectively when the movable window is in the closed position and in the open position, according to a particular embodiment.

 The motor 41 drives a worm 22, acting on the toggle 21.

The stop 44 interrupts the translation of the toggle joint, the translational movement then transforming into a rotation.

 In the open position (FIG. 4B), the movable window 12 is preferably pressed against the fixed window 11, with damping by the seal 31. This makes it possible to avoid vibrations, shocks, deterioration, etc.

 This plating is ensured by a reverse rotation of the motor 41, the nut of the toggle joint being stopped in translation, for example using a cable 42 driven by a pulley 43 with spring, which is blocked to interrupt its rotation.

 The operation can then be as follows. The window 12 being closed, the motor 41 is rotated clockwise. The glass shifts from its housing, then replaces in translation.

 When the movable window has reached the desired position, the motor 41 is stopped, then the pulley 43 is blocked, and the motor 41 is actuated counterclockwise. The movable window then presses against the fixed window.

 The closure is obtained by unlocking the pulley 43, then by actuating the motor 81 counterclockwise.

 Other details and means on motorization techniques are presented in the joint patent application entitled "Motorized shutter device of a bay formed in a motor vehicle, and corresponding vehicle".

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 We can refer to this document for more information on the worm mechanism or its variants, based for example on a separation of the elements of the toggle.

 In the latter case, a stop is provided to stop the element 211 secured to the movable panel (and / or the movable panel itself). When closing, when it reaches this stop, the element 211 is stopped, and keeps the movable part 12 facing the opening. On the other hand, the element 212 continues its movement, under the action of the motorization means and, for example, of the worm.

 A cam (not shown), or a similar means, acts on this element 212, so that, simultaneously with its translation, it straightens up, by a rotational movement thus acting on the articulation and, consequently, on the panel mobile 12.

 It should be noted that, despite the presence of a cam, or of an inclined plane, acting progressively on the element 212 which is also in translation, there is indeed obtained a movement perpendicular to the sliding axis for the movable panel, due to the separation in translation of the two elements 211 and 212 of the articulation member.

 In general, any device for closing a window in a motor vehicle must, in the closed position, ensure good sealing (even when a jet of pressurized water is applied to it) and offer good security. burglar proof. It is understood that, in the case of the invention, which provides a single rail, this problem is even more important: in the example described above, the movable panel is only maintained at its lower part, and it is therefore sensitive to a push on its upper part.

 To overcome this particular problem, provision is therefore made for locking means, which act on the upper part (and more generally, on a part remote from the rail), to securely and effectively hold the movable panel in the plane of the fixed panel.

 FIGS. 6A and 6B illustrate an advantageous embodiment of these locking means, and show respectively the movable panel:

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 - Figure 6A: in the closed position; - Figure 6B: in the open position.

 The fixed panel 61, intended to take place on a bay formed in the front door of a vehicle, receives on its face turned towards the interior of the vehicle a slide 62, along which the movable panel 63 can move, to using a mechanism as described above.

 The movable panel 63 carries a first locking element, in the form of a first bolt 64, actuable by means of a rod 65 and a spring 66, according to the principle described below. These actuating means 65 and 66 are concealed by means of a casing 67 carried by the movable panel 63.

 The fixed panel 61 carries a first keeper 68, intended to cooperate with the bolt 64. It also comprises a second bolt 69 provided to cooperate with a keeper 610 provided for this purpose on the movable panel.

 The bolt 69 is actuated by an actuating element 611 and a spring 612.

 In order to allow the release or the locking of the two latches, these are placed in an aligned manner, for example horizontally.

 Thus, in the closed position (FIG. 6A), the actuating element 611 is at rest. The compression spring 612 therefore pushes back the bolt 69, which enters the keeper 610. The keeper is open at its two ends, and lets the rod 65 penetrate, at rest.

 When the bolt 69 penetrates the keeper 610, it therefore pushes back the rod 65, which compresses the spring 66 and forces the bolt 4 to penetrate the keeper 68.

 Unlocking is done symmetrically: by pulling on the actuating element 611, the bolt 69 is released from the keeper 610, while compressing the spring 612 (so as to allow a return to the locked position). The spring 66 then pushes the rod 65, which returns into the keeper 610, and the bolt 64 comes out of the keeper 68.

 The locking and unlocking operations are therefore carried out in a simple and effective manner, from a single actuating element 611.

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 The latter can be directly connected to a handle, and / or motorized.

 According to an advantageous embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, this control is offset at the level of the rail 62, so that the locking takes place automatically, when the movable panel is returned to its closed position.

 The actuating element 611 is thus connected to a cam 613, for example by means of a cable 614 (playing the function of the actuating means). In the open position, the cam 613 is driven by a return spring (not shown) in the direction illustrated by the arrow 615, until the protrusion 616 comes to bear with the stop 617.

 This return spring has a force greater than that of the compression spring 612, so as to ensure the compression of the latter, and therefore to release the latches.

 The movable panel 63 has, in the extension of the means ensuring the sliding, a finger 618, intended to cooperate with an opening 619 formed in the cam 613. When the movable panel 63 is brought back to the closed position, the finger 618 enters the housing 619, then acts on the cam 613 (arrow 620) so that, via the cable 614, the spring 612 pushes the bolts which ensure the locking.

 The spring 612, the actuating element 611, the cable 614 and the cam 613 are hidden by a casing 621, mounted on the movable panel 61.

 A handle (not shown) integral with the cam 613, allows the user to ensure the locking, and to place the movable panel 63 in the desired position.

 FIG. 5 illustrates another embodiment, according to which the passage from the shutter plane (or embedding plane) to the opening plane (or sliding plane) and vice versa, takes place without the movable panel shifting vertically (or more exactly, perpendicular to the plane of the fixed assembly and to the sliding axis) as is the case with the knee pads technique.

 This is achieved by equipping the rail with a double (at least) set of

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 guide means, guiding two support elements of the movable panel. These guide means are designed so that they apply the same movement to each of the at least two support means. Thus, the latter require the mobile panel to remain permanently in parallel planes, and to come to be embedded simultaneously (all the edges at the same time) in the opening.

 FIG. 5 therefore illustrates, in exploded view, an embodiment according to this approach.

 The fixed rail 51, integral with the fixed part of the opening, therefore has two sets of two parallel grooves 511,512 and 513,514, in which two sliding elements 52,53 can move respectively.

 These sliding elements each have two lower extensions 521.522 and 531.532, cooperating respectively with the grooves 511 to 514, and an upper extension 523.533, cooperating respectively with an opening 551.552 provided for this purpose in the support 55 of the movable panel.

 The extensions 522 and 532 have a shape of a flat shoe, so as to prevent the rotation of the sliding elements, during the sliding of the movable window. The corresponding groove 512,514 ends with a circular opening 5121,5141, allowing end-of-travel rotation of these sliding elements.

 The other groove 511,512 ends in an arc 5111,5131, allowing the corresponding extension 521,531 to accompany and guide this rotation.

 These end profiles of the grooves allow the passage from the opening plane to the sealing plane, and vice versa. The fact that the two (or more) sliding elements 52 and 53 have the same movement means that the movable panel always moves in parallel planes.

 The extensions 521.522 on the one hand, and 531.532 on the other hand being very close to one another, the effect of rotation is low, and does not pose any problem, in particular for embedding. In a particular embodiment, the offset in x (along the sliding axis which corresponds to the distance between the extensions) is thus of the order of 8 mm when closing.

 The moving part can be trained in several ways,

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 manually or, advantageously, motorized. It is possible to act directly on the movable panel or, as proposed below, on the sliding elements (or at least one of the sliding elements).

 One can in particular provide an intermediate plate 54, placed between the sliding elements 52,53 and the support 55 of the movable panel, and acting on the upper extensions 523,524.

 This intermediate plate 54 is provided with two slots 541 and 542, in which the upper extensions 523, 533 are housed respectively.

 Each of these lights 541 and 542 has a general shape of a very open V, one of the wings 5411.5421 of which is parallel to the main axis of the intermediate plate 54 (and therefore to the sliding axis), and whose the other wing 5412.5422 forms an angle of the order of 45 with this axis.

 According to the invention, the intermediate plate 54 moves only in translation, along the sliding axis 543.

 During the sliding movement, the upper extensions 523,533 are located in the wing 5411,5421 of the openings, and the sliding elements 52,53 move in the grooves 511,514 provided for this purpose.

 When closing, when the sliding elements 52 and 53 come into abutment with the grooves, they perform a rotational movement (substantially 1/4 of a turn), under the guidance of the circular openings 5121 and 5141 and the circular arcs 5111 and 5131 .

 Simultaneously, the intermediate element 54 being always displaced in translation, the upper extension 523,533 moves in its lumen 541,542, and in particular in the oblique wing 5412,5422.

 Thus, the linear displacement of the intermediate plate 54 makes it possible to apply to the mobile panel the two displacements, of sliding on the one hand, and of opening / closing on the other hand.

 This movement of the intermediate plate can be manual, using a handle (not shown) or motorized. Indeed, it is easy to motorize it, since in simple linear displacement is necessary.

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 The motorized drive of this plate can for example be achieved using a worm screw, driven by a motor. A nut, or a bore, is secured to the plate, so that the screw, which extends parallel to the rail, can impart movement to the plate. The screw can be made of a flexible material, for example plastic, especially if the closure device is not flat.

 Other training modes are of course possible. In particular, training can be obtained using the following means (and their combinations): - racks; - cables ; the worms; - drums with helical grooves.

 Other embodiments, as well as variants and improvements, are conceivable.

 The technique of the invention can also be implemented on a shutter device with a single rail, as presented in the joint patent application having for title Device for shuttering a bay formed in the body of a vehicle. , single rail, and corresponding vehicle.

 In particular, although only one movable panel is shown, it is of course possible to provide for several of them.

 Finally, we do not detail the additional or additional elements (seal, locking system, burglar-resistant device, ...), which can of course be integrated into the rack of the invention.

 It will also be noted that the structure of the opening described above is new in itself, in that the movable panel has at least one edge (and if necessary an angle) with the closure device.

Claims (31)

 CLAIMS 1. Device for closing a bay formed in the body of a motor vehicle, comprising a fixed assembly (ll) intended to be attached to said body and a movable part (12) relative to said fixed assembly (11) , characterized in that said mobile part (12) is mounted on a single support and / or guide element (21), ensuring a kinematics of said mobile part (12) relative to said fixed assembly (ll) broken down into two displacements : a locking / unlocking movement (y), perpendicular to the plane formed by said fixed assembly (ll), and allowing passage from the plane formed by said fixed assembly (11) to a sliding plane, substantially parallel to said plane formed by said fixed assembly (11), and vice versa; a sliding movement (x) in said sliding plane, and in that it comprises means (41, 42, 43) for maintaining said moving part (12) in a stable position, when said moving part is moved in a desired open position. 2. Sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that said means (41,42, 43) for holding said movable part (12) presses the latter against said fixed assembly (11). 3. closure device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said movable panel (12) has at least one edge and / or a common angle with an edge and / or an angle of said device shutter. 4. A closure device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said support and / or guide element (21) comprises a rail (22), integral with said fixed assembly (li), and at at least one sliding element (211, 212) in said rail (22), integral with said movable panel (12) and having a hinge, the actuation of said hinge allowing said locking / unlocking movement. 5. obturation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, <Desc / Clms Page number 19>  characterized in that the movements of said movable panel are ensured by single motor means (41).  6. Sealing device according to claims 4 and 5, characterized in that said sliding element comprises a first profile integral (211) of said movable panel (12) and a second profile (212) integral with said rail (22), connected to the level of said articulation, said first and second profiles (211, 212) being selectively secured or disengaged in translation, so as to interrupt the movement in translation of said first profile (211), when closing said opening, when the movable panel is located opposite said opening, said second section (212) continuing its translational movement on an additional portion of said rail. 7. obturation device according to claim 6, characterized in that said additional portion of said rail (22) carries a cam or a ramp, causing a rotation of said second profile, so as to act on said articulation to bring said movable panel ( 12) in said closed position. 8. obturation device according to any one of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that said first profile (211) is stopped in translation by means of a stop acting on said first profile (211) and / or on said movable panel (12). 9. closure device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that said movable panel (12) is placed in said opening plane under the effect of its own weight, when it is not not kept in the closed position. 10. Sealing device according to claim 5, characterized in that said single motorization means (41) transmit a torque to said articulation when said panel is facing said bay, to bring said movable panel (12) into said position shutter. 11. Sealing device according to claim 10, characterized in that said motorization means (41) act on a worm / nut system, said nut being formed on and / or integral with at least one element integral with said <Desc / Clms Page number 20>  movable panel (12), said sliding movement corresponding to a movement of said nut on said screw, and said locking / unlocking movement corresponding to a locked position of said nut on said screw. 12. Sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said movable part (12) is carried by at least two sliding elements (52,53) guided identically by guide means ( 511 to 514) defined in said support and / or guide element (51). 13. Sealing device according to claim 12, characterized in that said locking / unlocking movement is a rotation of a radius less than 1 cm. 14. Sealing device according to claim 13, characterized in that said rail carries at least two sliding elements (52, 53), each mounted in two grooves (511 to 514) including one end (5111,5121, 5131,5141 ) is configured so that said sliding elements have a rotational movement when passing from said sliding plane to said sealing plane, and vice versa. 15. Sealing device according to claims 5 to 14, characterized in that said means for holding said movable part are formed and / or actuated by said motor means (41). 16. Sealing device according to claim 15, characterized in that said means for holding said movable part (12) act so as to interrupt the sliding of said movable part and to reverse the direction of rotation of said motorization means (41) . 17. Sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that at least part of the edges of said movable part is equipped with a seal (31), ensuring sealing in said position d closing and forming a shock absorber in said predetermined open position.  18. Sealing device according to any one of claims 5 to 17, characterized in that said motorization means (41) act on one of the transmission means belonging to the group comprising: <Desc / Clms Page number 21>  racks; cables ; the worms; drums with helical grooves. 19. A closure device according to claim 18, characterized in that said endless screw is a flexible screw (22). 20. Sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that it comprises means for locking said movable part in its position for closing said opening. 21. Sealing device according to claim 20, characterized in that said locking means act at least on one edge of said movable part remote from said single rail. 22. Device according to any one of claims 19 and 21, characterized in that said locking means comprise at least a first lock (64) mounted on said fixed part (11), and cooperating with a keeper (66) mounted on said movable part. 23. obturation device according to any one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that said locking means comprise at least a second lock (69) mounted on said movable part, and cooperating with a keeper (610) mounted on said fixed part (l 1). 24. Sealing device according to claims 21 and 23, characterized in that at least one of said first latches and at least one of the second latches are actuated by a single control. 25. obturation device according to claim 24, characterized in that at least one of said first latches (64) acts on at least one of said second latches (69) by means of a rod (65) mounted in the extension of said first lock. 26. Sealing device according to any one of claims 19 to 25, characterized in that at least one of said latches uses return means (66), tending to return it to its unlocked position. <Desc / Clms Page number 22>

27. obturation device according to claims 21 to 26, characterized in that at least one of said latches (64, 69) is actuated by an actuating element (611) mounted in the extension of said sliding element. 28. Sealing device according to claim 27, characterized in that said element comprises at least one finger (618) cooperating with a cam (613), when said movable part is in the closed position. 29. A shutter device according to claim 28, characterized in that said cam can take two positions: a locking position, immobilizing said lock (s) when said finger (618) is engaged with said cam (613); - A release position, releasing said lock (s) from the corresponding keepers, when said object is not engaged with said cam (618). 30. Sealing device according to claims 28 or 29, characterized in that said cam (618) is connected to at least one of said latches by a cable (614). 31. Motor vehicle, comprising at least one closure device according to any one of claims 1 to 30.