FR2831162A1 - Compound for producing concrete with improved sound and thermal performance, containing granulated rubber, Portland cement, sand and water - Google Patents

Abstract

Compound for producing a concrete with improved sound and thermal performance consists: (a) 12 - 50 % by weight (or 22 - 82 % by volume) of granulated or powdered rubber; (b) 12 - 27 % of Portland cement; (c) 20 - 80 % of sand; (d) 6 - 15 % of water.

Description

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 The present invention is in the field of building techniques and more generally that of constructions and its object is a composition of a concrete with improved phonic and thermal performance intended to enter the constitution of the structural work as well as prefabricated elements to from such a concrete.

 It has been sought for a long time to improve the performance of the concrete resulting from the mixing, said mortar before hardening, of cement, sand and water, by incorporating into these basic components adjuvants or various improvers whose properties are transferred to the concrete.

Reference will be made to know in more detail this prior art, for example to the following publications:
FR-1,259,487 (COUPIN, HERTZBERG) which describes a composite material for a soundproofing screed comprising portland cement, rubber crumb and an emulsion of a polymer;
NL-69 02 138 (BASF) which discloses a flooring composition comprising portland cement, acrylic-styrene resin dispersion, rubber flour, rubber granulate and rubber fiber;
FR-E-50 140 (KERAM CHEMIE) which discloses the use of styrene-butadiene dispersions in cement and rubber compositions for making screeds, and
FR-2 437 478 (BOULENGER) which gives the constitution of a soundproofing screed intended to be placed under a tile, consisting of a mixture of an emulsion of a carboxylated polymer and a constituent solid comprising cement and grains and rubber fibers.

 It will be noted that all the abovementioned references refer to compositions employing a polymer emulsion or a polymerizable emulsion, that they are all equally aimed at producing screeds, that is to say building finishing elements, of which it is not particularly required a particular strength but rather a bonding ability between an underlying concrete slab and a tile or other flooring, and a relative flexibility able to absorb shocks.

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 The object of the present invention is to provide a concrete, with improved sound and heat insulation performance, which can be used to form non-structural elements of buildings or that the concrete is poured in situ in formwork, either it is poured into molds to form prefabricated elements.

 The implementation by prefabrication is particularly targeted by the invention, without being excluded for all that the other modes of implementation.

 By non-load bearing structural elements is meant in particular both horizontal and vertical elements, such as non-load bearing external walls, slabs, partitions, blocks.

 Note however that the invention is also applicable in building elements that are not strictly speaking structural elements, such as cladding panels and plaster. In these latter cases, it is the only insulating properties that bring an interest to the use of the concrete of the invention.

 The invention thus has as its first object a general rule of constitution of a concrete; its second object is a mixture of rubber granules, hereinafter "poudrette", and cement; its third object is a mixture of treated and compound powders to enter the composition of a concrete according to the invention; it finally relates to a prefabricated structural element given by way of example of an application of the invention to prefabrication.

 It should be noted that, in the following rules, cement and crumb are "supplied" or bagged or technical constituents, while sand, which is preferably quarry sand, and water are usually found locally. .

 According to the present invention, in its first object, a concrete with improved soundproofing and thermal insulation performance is formed by mixing, in proportions by weight given with respect to all the components of the mixture: a) rubber granules, or crumb, with a particle size of between 0 and 6 mm, in a proportion of between 12 and

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50%; it will be advantageous to a certain heterogeneity of the crumb, within the limits indicated above. (b) portland cement of the CPA or CPJ variety, in a proportion of between 12 and 27% (c) sand in a proportion of between 20 and 80%, and (d) water in a proportion of between 6 and
15%.

 It should be noted that these four components present - within the indicated ranges of proportions are sufficient to give the concrete the desired performance, but that the mixture is not exclusive of the addition of adjuvants or other improvers, known or unknown to this invention. day.

 The following table gives compositions according to the invention having given good insulation performance, obtained from aggregates of industrial rubber waste.

TABLE l
Composition Proportions

<Tb>
<tb> Weight <SEP> (Kg) <SEP>% <SEP> weight
<tb> I <SEP> II <SEP> III <SEP> IV <SEP> V <SEP> B25 <SEP>% <SEP> I <SEP>% <SEP> II <SEP>% <SEP> III <SEP >% <SEP> IV <SEP>% <SEP> V <SEP> B25
<tb> Powder <SEP> 133 <SEP> 330 <SEP> 385 <SEP> 440 <SEP> 451 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 8.42 <SEP> 22.97 <SEP> 25.68 <SEP> 31 , 55 <SEP> 38.42 <SEP> 0.00
<tb> Cement <SEP> 200 <SEP> 300 <SEP> 300 <SEP> 300 <SEP> 300 <SEP> 300 <SEP> 12.66 <SEP> 19, <SEP> 81 <SEP> 23, <SEP > 34 <SEP> 24, <SEP> 59 <SEP> 26, <SEP> 20 <SEP> 12.51
<tb> Sand <SEP> 1157 <SEP> 500 <SEP> 375 <SEP> 250 <SEP> 225 <SEP> 1130 <SEP> 73, <SEP> 23 <SEP> 45, <SEP> 32 <SEP> 38 , 91 <SEP> 30.73 <SEP> 21.83 <SEP> 47.10
<tb> Gravel <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 770 <SEP> 0.00 <SEP> 0.00 <SEP> 0, <SEP> 00 <SEP> 0, <SEP> 00 <SEP> 0.00 <SEP> 32, <SEP> 10
<tb> Water <SEP> 150 <SEP> 150 <SEP> 150 <SEP> 150, <SEP> 150 <SEP> 199 <SEP> 5.70 <SEP> 11, <SEP> 86 <SEP> 12, <SEP> 06 <SEP> 13, <SEP> 11 <SEP> 13, <SEP> 53 <SEP> 8, <SEP> 30
<tb> Mass <SEP> total <SEP> 1580 <SE> 1262 <SE> 1265 <SE> 1220 <SE> 1145 <SEP> 2399
<Tb>

TABLE II Sound insulation performance (sound transmission%) tests on 6 cm thick samples

<Tb>
<tb> Decibels <SEP> Issued <SEP> 0 <SEP> 20 <SEP> 80 <SEP> 100 <SEP> 120 <SEP> 150 <SEP> Curves
<tb> decibels <SEP> transmitted <SEP> B25 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 7.5 <SEP> 30 <SEP> 37. <SEP> 5 <SEP> 45 <SEP> 56 <SEP> (a)
<tb>"<SEP> poudrette40 <SEP>% <SEP> vol <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 7.3 <SEP> 9, <SEP> 1 <SEP> (b)
<tb>"powders80%<SEP> vol0000 <SEP> 4.8 <SEP> 6.0 <SEP> (b)
<tb> 11 <SEP> wool <SEP> of <SEP> rock <SEP> 20 <SEP> mm <SEP> 0 <SEP> 0 <SEP> 8 <SEP> 13 <SEP> 16 <SEP> 19 <SEP > (d)
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In Table II above, the mixture "40% by volume crumb" corresponds to mixture II of Table I, and "80% crumb" corresponding to

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 When mixed with V, the excellent performance compared to that of rockwool is noted.

Still according to the invention and in its second object, a mixture of CPA or CPJ cement and crumb, ready to use to form a concrete as referred to above, comprises a proportion of crumb between 12 and 50% of the mass or 22 and 82% of the volume of the mixture
Still according to the invention and in its third object a crumb intended to enter the concrete compositions referred to above is obtained by grinding or shredding a rubber advantageously recovered on used tires, but having preferably undergone, at least in part , a particular treatment called "expansion".

 The particular treatment referred to, of the invention, consists either in a hammering of the crumb, preferably operated in a device with hammers and anvil, or in a crushing between rollers, between which hammers or rollers, scroll the aggregates of powder before being bagged.

 The inventors have been able to observe that this treatment entails, and the treatment must be sufficiently intense and powerful for this phenomenon to occur, on the one hand the formation of one or more cavities in the center of the aggregates and, on the other hand, a disintegration of the surface of the aggregates which becomes in a way fibrous or porous.

 Therefore, on the one hand air trapped in the central cavities seems to increase the sound and heat insulation, while the surface of the aggregates has a better adhesion with the sand / cement mixture. Overall insulation performance and strength are significantly increased compared to the same amounts of untreated powders.

 It seemed to the inventors that this improvement would be due to an electrostatic effect (electrification or electrostatic polarization of aggregates during expansion treatments) which persists when mixed with cement, sand and water.

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The present invention will be better understood and additional details or aspects will become apparent from the description which will be made in connection with the drawings of the accompanying plates, in which: FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a granulate of crumb from the grinding of an industrial rubber, before treatment; fig. 2 is a similar illustration of a crumb granulate from the grinding of rubber recovered on a used tire before treatment;
Fig. 3 is a similar illustration of the granulate of FIG. 2 after treatment; fig. 4 is a sectional illustration of the treated granulate of FIG. 3; fig. 5 is a diagram of a pounding treatment device; fig. 6 is a diagram of a crush device; fig. 7 is a schematic section of a prefabricated slab with concrete of the invention, slab whose conformation exploits the best performance; fig. 8 is a sound insulation performance chart made from the data in Table II.

 In fig. 1 a granulate of poudrette, as can be observed binocular twenty magnification, from the grinding of an industrial rubber, for example tape cutting falls, before treatment, is remarkable, by its relatively smooth appearance, compact and homogeneous, despite some angular reliefs.

 In fig. 2, a granulate from the grinding of used tires, is less smooth than that of the previous figure, the reliefs are more numerous; the mechanical performance of concrete made with aggregates from this source is very much improved compared to those obtained with granulate from industrial rubber.

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 In fig. 3 a granulate of the type of that of the previous figure, was expanded by hammering; it is larger, its surface has a fibrous appearance, and it has become softer; its performance is superior in all areas.

 On the section of fig. 4 of a granulate of the same type, we note on the one hand cavities 2 and 3 adjacent to the center of the granulate 1, and the open alveolar appearance 4 of the surface.

 In fig. 5, a pounding device consists mainly of an inclined anvil 5 and a plurality of hammers such as 6; the crumb from a hopper 7 descends along the anvil by undergoing pounding, to finally be collected on a mat 8 which leads to a bagging device.

 In fig. 6 a crushing device consists of a plurality of pairs 11 of parallel rollers such as 12 slightly spaced (from 1 to 5 / 1th of a millimeter), the pairs being for example three in number, superimposed in a vertical corridor 13.

 In fig. 7 a slab consists of prefabricated elements such as prestressed beams 15 and slabs 16; the slabs are remarkable by their tabular form whose side frame 17 closely marries the ears of the beam to apply to him, under stress, a slight pinch; besides the advantage of the absorption of the shocks received at the right of the beam, it is provided that of the protection of the beam under the fire; the underside 18 of the legs allows the screwing of finishing elements such as suspended ceiling, while the arch (hollow portion 19 in the lower face) allows the passage of ducts technical and offers additional sound absorption.

 In the diagram of FIG. 8, we can see the remarkable sound insulation performance of the mixtures II (curve (b) 40% of poudrette) and 1 (curve (c) 80% of poudrette). in comparison with curves (a): traditional concrete and (d): rock wool.

Claims (2)

15%. 80%, and - water in a proportion between 6 and  CLAIMS 1.-Composition intended to constitute a concrete with enhanced phonic and thermal performance intended to enter into the construction of structural work of buildings as well as in that of prefabricated elements, characterized: in that it comprises, in weight proportions: a ) aggregates of rubber or crumb with a particle size between 0 and 6 mm, in a proportion of between 12 and 50% of the mass (or 22 and 82% of the volume), - Portland cement also known as CPA or CPJ, in a proportion between 12 and 27%, - sand in a proportion of between 20 and 2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the sand is quarry sand; 3. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cement and the crumb rubber are mixed together ready for use with a proportion of crumb between 12 and 50% of the mass or 22 and 82% of the volume of the mixture; 4. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rubber crumb has undergone a so-called expansion treatment by hammering or crushing which has given the aggregates on the one hand one or more central cavities and on the other hand a dilation of their surface; <Desc / Clms Page number 8>  5. Precast slab made of a concrete according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by its tabular shape whose side base (17) closely matches an ear of the beam to apply to it, under stress, a slight pinch and by lower faces (18) of the base allowing the screwing of finishing elements.