FR2800858A1 - Nitrogen liquefaction comprises compression to supercritical state and cooking with liquefied natural gas flow, followed by stages of let-down and partial reheating - Google Patents
Nitrogen liquefaction comprises compression to supercritical state and cooking with liquefied natural gas flow, followed by stages of let-down and partial reheating Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2800858A1 FR2800858A1 FR9913902A FR9913902A FR2800858A1 FR 2800858 A1 FR2800858 A1 FR 2800858A1 FR 9913902 A FR9913902 A FR 9913902A FR 9913902 A FR9913902 A FR 9913902A FR 2800858 A1 FR2800858 A1 FR 2800858A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- nitrogen
- liquefied
- exchanger
- pressure
- fraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012455 biphasic mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
- F25J1/0015—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
- F25J1/0224—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop in combination with an internal quasi-closed refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un procédé et dispositif de liquéfaction d'azote, et en particulier un procédé et dispositif de liquéfaction d'azote en utilisant les frigories fournies par vaporisation de gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL). The present invention relates to a method and a device for liquefying nitrogen, and in particular to a method and device for liquefying nitrogen using the frigories provided by vaporization of liquefied natural gas (LNG).
JP46016081 décrit un procédé de vaporisation de GNL dans lequel de l'azote comprimé se refroidit contre un débit de GNL qui se vaporise, l'azote est ensuite détendu dans une vanne et envoyé dans un séparateur de phases. JP46016081 discloses a method of vaporizing LNG in which compressed nitrogen cools against a vaporizing LNG flow, the nitrogen is then expanded in a valve and sent to a phase separator.
EP-A-0304355 décrit un procédé de vaporisation de GNL intégré avec un procédé de séparation d'air. Le GNL se vaporise dans un échangeur où se refroidissent deux débits d'azote à des pressions différentes et un des débits d'azote se liquéfie. EP-A-0304355 discloses an integrated LNG vaporization process with an air separation process. LNG vaporizes in a heat exchanger where two nitrogen flows are cooled at different pressures and one of the nitrogen flows liquefies.
US5141543 concerne également l'usage de GNL pour fournir les frigories à un procédé de liquéfaction d'azote. L'azote est soutiré à un point intermédiaire de l'échangeur de liquéfaction pour être comprimé avant d'être envoyé à l'échangeur. US5141543 also relates to the use of LNG to provide the frigories to a nitrogen liquefaction process. The nitrogen is withdrawn at an intermediate point of the liquefaction exchanger to be compressed before being sent to the exchanger.
Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de liquéfaction d'azote dans lequel l'azote est comprimé à une pression supercritique, refroidi par échange de chaleur avec un débit de gaz naturel liquéfié dans un premier échangeur, détendu jusqu'à une première pression et au moins partiellement liquéfié et une partie de l'azote détendu sous forme gazeuse se réchauffe dans le premier échangeur avant d'être mélangé avec l'azote à liquéfier en amont du premier échangeur. According to one object of the invention, there is provided a nitrogen liquefaction process in which the nitrogen is compressed at a supercritical pressure, cooled by heat exchange with a liquefied natural gas flow rate in a first exchanger, expanded to a maximum at a first pressure and at least partially liquefied and a portion of the nitrogen expanded in gaseous form is heated in the first exchanger before being mixed with the nitrogen to be liquefied upstream of the first exchanger.
Selon d'autres aspects facultatifs de l'invention - l'azote qui se réchauffe dans le premier échangeur est mélangé avec l'azote à comprimer et/ou comprimé à une pression en dessous de la pression supercritique<B>;</B> - de l'azote liquéfié est sous-refroidi dans un deuxième échangeur, divisé en deux parties, une partie est détendu dans une vanne jusqu'à une deuxième pression plus basse que la première pression pour former un mélange biphasique qui est envoyé dans un séparateur de phases dont la fraction liquide sert à sous-refroidir l'azote liquéfié dans le deuxième échangeur et l'autre partie est la production d'azote liquide ; - la fraction gazeuse du séparateur de phases est réchauffée et mélangé avec l'azote à liquéfier; - une partie de l'azote liquéfié est détendue à une deuxième pression plus basse que la première pression et envoyée au premier échangeur; - seule une partie du gaz naturel liquéfié se vaporise dans le premier échangeur. Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu un dispositif de liquéfaction d'azote comprenant un premier échangeur de chaleur, des moyens pour envoyer un débit d'azote à liquéfier et un débit de gaz naturel liquéfié au premier échangeur, des moyens pour détendre isenthalpiquement l'azote pour former une fraction gazeuse e une fraction liquide et des moyens pour envoyer de l'azote liquide au stockage caractérise en ce qu'il comprend des moyens pour réchauffer au moins une partie de la fraction gazeuse et de la mélanger avec l'azote à liquéfier en amont du premier échangeur. According to other optional aspects of the invention - the nitrogen which is heated in the first exchanger is mixed with the nitrogen to be compressed and / or compressed at a pressure below the supercritical pressure <B>; </ B> - liquefied nitrogen is subcooled in a second exchanger, divided into two parts, a part is expanded in a valve to a second pressure lower than the first pressure to form a biphasic mixture which is sent into a separator phases whose liquid fraction serves to sub-cool the liquefied nitrogen in the second exchanger and the other part is the production of liquid nitrogen; the gaseous fraction of the phase separator is reheated and mixed with the nitrogen to be liquefied; a part of the liquefied nitrogen is expanded at a second pressure lower than the first pressure and sent to the first exchanger; - only a portion of the liquefied natural gas vaporizes in the first exchanger. According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a nitrogen liquefaction device comprising a first heat exchanger, means for sending a flow of nitrogen to be liquefied and a flow of liquefied natural gas to the first exchanger, means for isenthalpically expanding the nitrogen to form a gaseous fraction e a liquid fraction and means for sending liquid nitrogen to storage characterized in that it comprises means for heating at least a portion of the gaseous fraction and mixing with the nitrogen to be liquefied upstream of the first exchanger.
Optionnellement le dispositif comprend - au moins un séparateur de phases et des moyens pour envoyer une fraction gazeuse de la (chaque) séparateur de phases au premier échangeur de chaleur; - un premier compresseur pour comprimer l'azote à une pression intermédiaire et un deuxième compresseur pour comprimer l'azote de la pression intermédiaire à une pression supercritique ; - des moyens pour recycler de l'azote gazeux en amont du premier compresseur et/ou en amont du deuxième compresseur. Optionally the device comprises - at least one phase separator and means for sending a gaseous fraction of the (each) phase separator to the first heat exchanger; a first compressor for compressing nitrogen at an intermediate pressure and a second compressor for compressing nitrogen from the intermediate pressure to a supercritical pressure; means for recycling nitrogen gas upstream of the first compressor and / or upstream of the second compressor.
L'invention sera maintenant décrite en plus de détail en se référant à la figure qui un diagramme schématique d'un dispositif selon l'invention. The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the figure which is a schematic diagram of a device according to the invention.
L'azote pur et sec 1 est comprimé à une pression supérieure à celle de son point critique dans les compresseurs 20 et 30. II alimente ensuite l'échangeur principal 3 où il se refroidit et se liquéfie. Après une détente isenthalpique dans la vanne 4 à pression moyenne, il est envoyé dans un séparateur de phases 40. Le gaz ainsi produit 5 est renvoyé à l'échangeur où il se réchauffe avant d'être mélangé avec l'azote comprimé dans le compresseur 20 pour être comprimé dans le compresseur 30. Le liquide formé 6 est sous-refroidi dans un échangeur 7 avant d'être envoyé en partie au stockage d'azote liquide 9. Le reste du liquide 10 est détendu isenthalpiquement dans la vanne 45 à une pression légèrement supérieure à la pression atmosphérique et envoyé dans un séparateur de phases 50. La partie liquide 12 est vaporisée dans l'échangeur 7 et ensuite mélangé avec la partie gazeuse 13 pour former un débit 14. Ce débit 14 se réchauffe dans l'échangeur 3 et est envoyé à l'entrée du compresseur 20. The pure dry nitrogen 1 is compressed at a pressure higher than that of its critical point in the compressors 20 and 30. It then feeds the main exchanger 3 where it cools and liquefies. After isenthalpic expansion in the valve 4 at medium pressure, it is sent to a phase separator 40. The gas thus produced 5 is returned to the exchanger where it heats up before being mixed with the compressed nitrogen in the compressor 20 to be compressed in the compressor 30. The formed liquid 6 is subcooled in an exchanger 7 before being sent partly to the storage of liquid nitrogen 9. The remainder of the liquid 10 is expanded isenthalpically in the valve 45 to a pressure slightly above atmospheric pressure and sent into a phase separator 50. The liquid portion 12 is vaporized in the exchanger 7 and then mixed with the gas portion 13 to form a flow 14. This flow 14 is heated in the exchanger 3 and is sent to the compressor inlet 20.
L'apport principal de frigories se fait par un très grand débit de gaz naturel liquéfié 15 qui traverse l'échangeur 3 et se réchauffe à contre-courant de l'azote à haute pression 2. La partie principale de GNL 16, 17 quitte l'échangeur 3 à des points intermédiaires en étant toujours liquide ou partiellement gazeuse. Le reste du GNL 18 est entièrement vaporisé dans l'échangeur 3. The main contribution of frigories is made by a very large flow of liquefied natural gas 15 which passes through the exchanger 3 and heats up against the flow of nitrogen at high pressure 2. The main part of LNG 16, 17 leaves the exchanger 3 at intermediate points being always liquid or partially gaseous. The rest of the LNG 18 is entirely vaporized in the exchanger 3.
Pour produire 410 tonnes (jour d'azote liquide, un débit 2 de 22685Nm31h d'azote à 35 bara et 15 C est envoyé à l'échangeur 3 ainsi qu'un débit de 500m31h de GNL à 7 bara et -157 C. To produce 410 tons (day of liquid nitrogen, a flow rate 2 of 22685Nm31h of nitrogen at 35 bara and 15 C is sent to the exchanger 3 and a flow rate of 500m31h of LNG at 7 bara and -157 C.
Le débit 5 constitue 6150Nm3/h à une pression de 5,3 bara et le débit d'azote à basse pression 14 est de 2500Nm3/h. The flow rate constitutes 6150 Nm 3 / h at a pressure of 5.3 bara and the low pressure nitrogen flow rate 14 is 2500 Nm 3 / h.
Le débit de GNL 18 sous forme gazeuse â 13 C est de 5850Nm3/h tandis que la partie principal du GNL reste liquide et les débits 16 et 17 sont respectivement à -153,5 C et -142 C.The flow of LNG 18 in gaseous form at 13 C is 5850Nm3 / h while the main part of the LNG remains liquid and the flow rates 16 and 17 are respectively at -153.5 C and -142 C.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9913902A FR2800858B1 (en) | 1999-11-05 | 1999-11-05 | NITROGEN LIQUEFACTION PROCESS AND DEVICE |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9913902A FR2800858B1 (en) | 1999-11-05 | 1999-11-05 | NITROGEN LIQUEFACTION PROCESS AND DEVICE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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FR2800858A1 true FR2800858A1 (en) | 2001-05-11 |
FR2800858B1 FR2800858B1 (en) | 2001-12-28 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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FR9913902A Expired - Fee Related FR2800858B1 (en) | 1999-11-05 | 1999-11-05 | NITROGEN LIQUEFACTION PROCESS AND DEVICE |
Country Status (1)
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2077442A1 (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1971-10-29 | Air Liquide | Air fractionation process - for nitrogen and oxygen production |
FR2131985A1 (en) * | 1971-03-30 | 1972-11-17 | Snam Progetti | |
FR2339146A1 (en) * | 1976-01-23 | 1977-08-19 | Cryoplants Ltd | LIQUEFACTION PROCESS OF A GAS BY EXCHANGE WITH LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS |
US4740223A (en) * | 1986-11-03 | 1988-04-26 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Gas liquefaction method and apparatus |
US4758257A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1988-07-19 | The Boc Group Plc | Gas liquefaction method and apparatus |
US5220798A (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1993-06-22 | Teisan Kabushiki Kaisha | Air separating method using external cold source |
-
1999
- 1999-11-05 FR FR9913902A patent/FR2800858B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2077442A1 (en) * | 1969-02-25 | 1971-10-29 | Air Liquide | Air fractionation process - for nitrogen and oxygen production |
FR2131985A1 (en) * | 1971-03-30 | 1972-11-17 | Snam Progetti | |
FR2339146A1 (en) * | 1976-01-23 | 1977-08-19 | Cryoplants Ltd | LIQUEFACTION PROCESS OF A GAS BY EXCHANGE WITH LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS |
US4758257A (en) * | 1986-05-02 | 1988-07-19 | The Boc Group Plc | Gas liquefaction method and apparatus |
US4740223A (en) * | 1986-11-03 | 1988-04-26 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Gas liquefaction method and apparatus |
US5220798A (en) * | 1990-09-18 | 1993-06-22 | Teisan Kabushiki Kaisha | Air separating method using external cold source |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2800858B1 (en) | 2001-12-28 |
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