FR2844551A1 - Rotary internal combustion engine for motor vehicle has two stage turbine to draw air into combustion chamber and extract power from exhaust gases - Google Patents

Abstract

The internal combustion engine has an inlet turbine (7) to draw air into a combustion chamber (1) under pressure via a port (4). A spark plug (6) ignites the charge when the ports are closed. The combustion causes pressure on the rotor (2) and the exhaust gases pass via a port (5) to engage a turbine (10) connected to an output shaft. At the end of the combustion cycle, the turbine draws more air into the combustion chamber.

Description

The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine for traction

cars

or machinery equipment.

  Current thermal engines include a large number of moving parts such as the crankshaft, connecting rods, pistons, valves, camshaft ... These engines are delicate and expensive to manufacture. Various attempts at simpler engines have been undertaken, notably with the "rotary" engine developed in the 1970s. This engine was also of delicate construction since it included a variable-volume explosion chamber intended for the compression of the air / fuel mixture.

after the admission phase.

  The motor according to the present invention has only one moving shaft. The combustion chambers, the gas compression turbine and a

  motor turbine are integral with this shaft.

  The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention

  Figure I shows the rotor, the combustion chambers and the crankcase. FIG. 11 represents the schematic arrangement of the assembly.

  With reference to drawing I, the combustion chambers (1) are machined in the rotor block (2). This rotor rotates in a crankcase (3) which includes the inlet (4) and gas exhaust (5) ports as well as the spark plugs (6). An air compression turbine (7) (Fig. II) is integral with the same shaft (8). It draws in the air / fuel mixture and directs it towards the intake orifices (4). A breaker (not shown) also secured to the shaft causes ignition and explosion when the openings of the combustion chambers are no longer in relation to the intake and exhaust ports. The shape of the combustion chambers is such that it allows maximum thrust in the desired direction of rotation when the mixture explodes. The explosion

  causes a sharp increase in gas pressure in the combustion chambers.

  Since these chambers have a constant volume, the exhaust orifices (5) are placed in such a way that they allow the evacuation of the gases immediately after the explosion. These gases under high pressure are directed to a driving turbine (10) also integral with the shaft (8). The expansion of the gases in the turbine causes a torque 30 on the shaft which is added to that caused by the explosion. Holes (9) in the partition which separates the engine block (3) from the feed turbine (7) and located in the suction zone of this turbine cause a depression in the combustion chambers (1) just before and during the first admission phase, which optimizes the conditions for

filling rooms.

  According to a particular embodiment, the rotor block may comprise, as shown in FIG. J, 4 combustion chambers and 2 sets of intake and exhaust ports as well as 2 spark plugs. Each combustion chamber is thus activated twice per revolution of the rotor. There are therefore 8 explosions each engine revolution. Explosions take place simultaneously in the two opposite chambers. The air compression turbine as well as the drive turbine are designed such that the first has two outlet orifices and the second two intake orifices, each of these orifices being connected to the engine block by a single tube. Fuel can be

  injected directly into the intake manifolds.

  FIG. 11 schematically represents the general arrangement of one of the possible embodiments of this engine. Complete ignition, injection, cooling and lubrication systems, conventional and in the public domain, are not shown. The thickness and diameter of the rotor as well as those of the lateral turbines can vary according to the desired power of the engine. The number of combustion chambers can also be varied, which makes it possible to design engines of power and

very different dimensions.

  The motors constructed according to the present invention can thus cover all the

  applications in which thermal engines are currently used.

  In addition to the simplicity of manufacture and the resulting reduction in cost price, these motors have the advantage of an absence of vibration and risk of breakdowns.

  consecutive to the wear of moving parts.

Claims (4)

  1) Thermal engine for traction or equipment of machines of all powers characterized in that it comprises only one train of moving parts: the combustion chambers (1) machined in a rotor (2) , the air supply turbine (7) and the driving turbine (10) arranged by way of example according to FIG. II. This provision is not exhaustive. The present claim covers all embodiments of heat engines having only one shaft in   rotational movement and constant volume combustion chambers.   2) Achievements characterized by the fact that combustion air would be supplied   by an auxiliary compressor not attached to the motor shaft.   3) Achievements characterized by any number of combustion chambers and intake and exhaust ports as well as the different   ignition combinations of these chambers.   1 5 4) Achievements characterized by an electronic igniter and a device   detecting the position of the chambers by optical or magnetic means.   ) Achievements characterized by any mode of depression   combustion chambers before admitting the air / fuel mixture.