FR2725922A1 - Collection and sorting of plastic, metal and glass packaging for recycling - Google Patents

Abstract

The waste collection and sorting installation has a collection bin inside an outer enclosure (6). Waste packaging is inserted through openings (3) in the front of the enclosure. A memory card is introduced into a slot (4) adjacent to the opening (3). Waste is inserted through the opening and collected in a holder. Detectors placed above the holder determine the material of the waste. If the material is not the designated material for that opening the holder empties the waste into a waste bin, but if it does correspond the holder empties into a bin for that material. The memory card is updated if waste was inserted in the correct opening. The number of correct insertions is counted and an external signal triggered when a set count is reached. Correctly identified waste is compressed

Description

Method and device for collecting and sorting waste
packaging.

 The present invention relates to a method and devices for collecting and sorting packaging waste.

 The technical field of the invention is the field of the realization of collective equipment to recover, for their possible recycling, different types of waste.

 One of the main applications of the invention is the selective collection of containers, essentially plastic, mutai and glass, to then transportor to specific treatment centers A nature of recoverable materials, to value and / or recycle them.

A first problem that arises for this. when it comes to containers, but this is also the case for some other types of waste. is to be able to separate the different types of materials possible: a known solution is to have the reception containers specific to each materteu and identifiable by the public rather easily by visual cues, but errors, voluntary or not, are always possible and it is In this category of solution, two main methods have been tested and are still used with mixed results, such as:
a second bin is made available to each household to receive the packaging waste to be recycled: this second bin is then collected regularly and its contents sent to a sorting center which will separate the different types of packaging from recycle, then, after this first sorting, each material is sent to a ripening center that will produce a recyclable product; however, sorting at the factory is difficult to perform technically in a reliable and rapid manner, as discussed below, and manual sorting produces a lot of errors, so the operational results are uncertain, and no center works from the rest in an operational way - to this day, moreover, the second bin pollutes the glass and paper anyway and makes them more difficult - sort and prepare for recycling and all the more so than the paper until now. can only be sorted by hand;
- the second method used is that of voluntary intake in containers located on a public road, essentially at
Day for glass and paper: this technique is of course the cheapest and avoids heavy installations for the sorting of the person, but it does not avoid errors, voluntary or not, indicated above, and therefore, the sorts later in treatment centers; Furthermore. the recovery rate is quite uneven and hardly works for anything but glass and paper. Thus, currently, there is only 30 or 40% recycling rate, at least for glass, while in France, a law of July 1992 has set targets for 2002 to reach a rate recycling, as well for the glass. steel, aluminum, plastics, paperboard, etc. 75%, which seems very difficult to achieve with the means and methods defined above.

As indicated above, a sorting at the entrance of the treatment centers is therefore at this day anyway necessary, especially for plastigues Rsaentiellement channels, which constitute in fact two distinct families, some in polyethylene terephthalate (called
PET) and the others in polyvinyl chloride (called PVC) and whose mixture would not allow their reuse, and is flluxoire to want to ask the public to differentiate between these types of plastic.

Various methods and devices were then developed to perform such sorts, some of which were the subject of filing patent applications, such as
patent application FR 2,688,427, published on September 17, 1993, describing an improved installation method for sorting various plastics materials, by pre-grinding during collection and then by screening followed by suctioning which makes it possible to suck PVC particles from one side and PET carcasses from the other;
patent application FR 2 671 755 published on July 24, 1992 and describing a device for collecting and sorting plastic material, comprising a turbine and a hammer mill which only crushes the bottles in PhT, more resistant to shocks that PVC, which is fragmenting and permot thus to be separated from PET;
the application FR 2,687,083 published on August 13, 1993, and describing a method and device for sorting residual bodies made of PVC and
PET, as the mixture of these bodies is heated to a fairly high temperature, which is then separated by the elasticity characteristics. of viscoelasticity, or of different plasticity between the two materials.

 All these devices and many others, so.it do not give sufficient reliability of sorting for the desired purpose indicated below, or require a rather heavy and complex installation and can therefore be installed only in a centralized processing center. In addition, in such a center must then deal with large volumes, the sorting must be carried out at high speed, to allow a continuous supply: now, such a speed reduces the reliability of the sorting which, to be valid, must indeed guarantee a separation between the PET and the PVC, less than a thousandth of error, which in fact is only possible with an average speed of advance and therefore does not allow large feed rates, unless do not achieve this goal of one per thousand.

To avoid this slowdown and / or this unreliability, delocalized sorting at the collection level is therefore preferable: also, in addition to the visual incentive and / or in case of introduction error, systems are proposed for perform such sorting, but essentially based on this day on differences in weight of waste
introduced; For example, in this field, the application FR 2 654 083 of 10 May 1991 describes a container for the selective collection of waste. comprising a divided tank in two volumes, in which objects fall according to their weight determined by a kind of tilting platform scale, or the patent application FR 2,495,504 published June 11, 1982 describing a road vehicle that can collect from on the one hand, glass bottles and on the other hand, plastic bottles, by means of an automatic separating device thereof, in addition to the application EP 402 352 filed under Austrian priority on 12 December 1990, on a system weighing waste or garbage allowing the specific assignment of individual containers from a reference mass of known size.

 These systems are therefore mainly based on weight, do not allow to identify precisely the material, since they do not distinguish between a pebble and a glass bottle of the same mass for example: in addition, for plastics, such as PVC and PET mentioned above, the densities are the same and such differentiation by weighing devices is not possible.

 A second problem is the volume of waste to be transported. in particular in the case of containers whose volume of the material itself is only 3 h 10Z of the volume of the container itself: also, to reduce these volumes, before transport and even for storage before it, so to reduce the quantities of waste boxes to leave on site, their handling and all the associated costs, the solution is to destroy the forms of this waste either by crushing, grinding, shredding or crushing; some of these methods are more suitable than others, depending on the material concerned, insofar as it is of course previously identified and sorted, which. we have expressed it, is not often the case, at least at the time of collection.

So far, it is mainly the techniques of crush compaction that are the most developed since they allow a certain reduction in volume, whatever the type of material, but the effectiveness of this reduction in volume is of course not optimal: in this field, different processes and devices have been the subject of patent applications, such as for example
- Application FR 2 679 882 published February 5, 1993 for soiled containers of objects, mainly intended for hospitals, and having a double bottom plate from above compressing the mass of soiled objects 3 found in the tray;
- the application.FR 2 463 734 published February 27, 1981 and describing an automatic compactor triggered by the introduction of a token or coin, available for specific users such as- in a set of buildings, and associates A an interchangeable container;
and one could also mention all the systems embedded in the collection vehicles, as described in the application EP 295 574 filed under German priority and published on December 21, 1988, which describes in particular a compacting element, movable according to a movement back and forth.

 and EP 149,436 filed under priority Italian and published July 24, 1985. describing a device for loading and compressing garbage & the interior of a garbage collection vehicle.

 A third problem is related to the impact of waste collection boxes on the environment and their lack of aesthetics, both visual and subjectively devalued by the very nature of the objects that are thus collected: indeed, everything that is related to waste is of course not well accepted, when these are stored on the premises where the people concerned must move in the framework of their daily life. professional, leisure, family, etc ...; everyone would like it to be elsewhere.It must therefore be tried to integrate these collection boxes into the environment: for cola two examples can be cited such as in the patent application already mentioned previously under the N FR 2 463 734 published on the 27th. February 1981, in which is proposed a bodywork to form a public transit shelter bench, and in another application FR 2 627 106 published August 18, 1989, which discloses a glass bottle recovery device comprising essentially crushing means of said bottle and a crushed glass storage hopper, associated with various devices and means for transfer and emptying and which is intended to be contained in a display column known as the Morris column.

 Although there are still other problems posed by the collection and sorting of waste, especially in the main application of the present invention, for packaging, we analyze here the most important, without their order of Analysis should be considered as an order of importance and to which the present invention must satisfy: thus and finally, a fourth problem, and which is not the least because. Without the solution of this one, any technical realization which would satisfy the preceding ones, would serve nothing, is that of inciting the consumer of the contents of the containers which one wants to recover, to throw these in the box with waste corresponding: such an incentive known and used recently, can be made for containers that the manufacturer can or wants to recover in the state, especially for certain types of glass bottles for which a deposit can then be counted at the time of l buying the full bottle, and then returned against the empty bottle, when the consumer returns it, which of course makes him then to do it. It is clear however that such an organization is not conceivable for containers plastic, because, on the one hand, they are not reusable as is, on the other hand. the plastic material is neither of real commercial value sufficient for that, nor considered by the consumer as a noble product justifying such a directive; moreover, even for glass, packaging companies have abandoned, with the support of distributors, this method of constwe- which is indeed cumbersome to manage and professionals concerned want at all costs to avoid coming back .However. the cost of collecting such waste, mainly in the field of packaging, and for all types of containers, represents a rather significant burden for the communities: the representatives and elected officials of these and all the organizations concerned Moreover, they charge a portion of the costs of this collection to the manufacturers of these packages, who have to pay a certain tax, by manufactured packaging, which of course gives rise to difficulties in the sharing of responsibilities and the distribution of the exact cost that each person owes. assume; In any case, this does not solve the problem of a guarantee of environmental protection, due to the lack of discipline of users and consumers, and the need for additional cleaning services which would represent a very high cost. It is not the case that the communities on one side, and the manufacturers on the other side, are ready to assume the charge.

 Thus, the objectives of the present invention are to propose solutions other than those indicated above, allowing on the one hand ,. to decentralize the sorting of waste to the level of the consumer himself, on the other hand to encourage it to move to dispose of waste and to pair itself a pre-sorting, then to reduce on the spot the volume of waste thus collected, and finally integrate the entire system to achieve the previous objectives. in a station that respects itself the environment by integrating itself into this one.

A solution to the problem and answering these. objectives, is a method of collecting and sorting packaging waste using at least one recovery tank, located in a protective enclosure and having to collect at least one type of waste that can be thrown into said bin by minus one access port; and whose volume is then eventually reduced by any means adapted to the type of waste concerned; according to the present invention
a card or, more generally, a memory medium is introduced in a recording apparatus compatible with said memory, which may be a magnetic medium or an electronic "chip" type, and located in said protection chamber and whose input is near said access port
- It checks ensuice.the presence of said waste that has been deposited in an access chamber placed behind said orifice, it seeks to identify the type of material constituting said waste by any suitable sensor;
- If the identification does not match the type of waste corresponding to a recovery tank to receive them, transferring said waste into a waste box and ejecting said memory card reader ;;
- if the identification corresponds to the corresponding type of waste. to the recovery tank to receive them, transferring said waste into. said recovery tank and a code signal certifying said good identification is recorded in the memory of said card,
and then ejecting said card, preferably when there is no more waste in the access lock for a given time.

 In a preferential soda of realization. during the transfer of said identified waste between the access airlock and the recovery tank, the volume is reduced by said means; in addition, for each correct identification of an introduced waste, the number of waste of this type transferred into the corresponding recovery tank is counted, and when a given number is reached, an external signal is triggered. this may allow - a person designated for this to come change and renew the corresponding recovery tank to prevent it overflows.

 In one embodiment, not to discourage people to approach a collection station operating according to the method above, and that it could be arranged near the passage areas. the interior air of the chamber is withdrawn, locking the entire device according to the invention, and it is rejected in any place where it can be evacuated without polluting the immediate environment, such as a sewer; moreover, it is possible to add anti-odor devices inside the device of this Station, the enclosure of which can be made as tight as possible to avoid any release of odor to the outside; moreover, at given time intervals. all the equipment located in said enclosure can be rinsed and / or washed with any cleaning product which is then discharged through the sewerage networks.

 Otherwise. to allow the transfer of plastic and metal packaging waste in transport bins without the need to handle the bins, it is possible to transfer said waste from said corresponding bins by any pneumatic aspication system.

 The result is new methods and devices as described in the examples above and to perform the above methods of collecting and sorting packaging waste In fact, these methods and devices meet the various disadvantages mentioned above and that we find in the current equipments which moreover, answer each one only Independence and again, that imperfectly. only one of the various problems posed, while the present invention can solve all of these problems and achieve the objectives defined above.

 Indeed, the recording on an individual memory card of any deposit of a type of waste given in The good recovery tank, allows the holder of the card, which then made the good sort, to be rewarded and dispose at the end of a cectain number of discharges of the same type of waste or different other waste, each in a -bac of recovery corresponding, of a capital of points corresponding to the memorization of all the coded signals which constitute a kind of credit which it can then exchange according to the objective of the manager of the device of the method defined above, against 'various benefits or premiums which may be for example for a large area. a voucher in value of products, or near the sporting stage of the possibilities of exchange for entrance tickets, or in other public places, of possibilities to participate in the loceries or according to other places , to get a bonus or discounts on different types of products or services offered, money etc ...

 Such a method therefore has a certain power of inclination, on the one hand for people to head to such collection stations willingly. and secondly that they put the right containers or packaging waste in the correct dispcsstifs allowing the corresponding recovery bins to store by type: indeed, it will allow these people to obtain an incrementation of credit on memory cards, so what if. they do not get credit, and they will lose the opportunity to have a counterpart faster.

 Furthermore. even if there are errors, voluntary or involuntary, the devices according to the invention each had less than one known identifier of the material that one wants to recover, and which does not need to be fast as in treatment centers, can guarantee a much greater identification tlabilstB taking the necessary time: this reliability is all the more assured that the products can be deposited in an airlock corresponding to the dimensions of the "good" waste that one It must be discarded, and thus allows the sensor to be well presented with respect to the sensor: thus, the quality of the sorting makes it possible to reach the specifications of the recycling centers which is at least for plastics, at less than one. per thousand, as previously indicated.

 The possibility of integrating in the devices according to the invention, corresponding and selected waste reduction means, since they have been previously identified before their transfer in the - recovery tank, allows to adapt in a precise manner said means Reduction: such as a knife roll system for plastic bottles or crushing mills for glass bottles, or simple crushing rolls for metal cans, etc.

 Finally, the enclosure covering all the devices of the invention may have an aesthetic form fully integrable in a given environment, and may even serve as a shelter on car parks for example; the outer surfaces of said enclosure may be covered with advertising-type panels on which the managing company and / or cellc ensuring the recycling of products and / or that offering the counterpart of credit points recorded in memory cards associated therewith, can advertise and / or sell the advertising space to other companies who would like to use said surface as it is already on the different types of billboards currently available on public roads.

 Thus, despite the investment and the maintenance costs that can represent such devices, the entire operation can be economically balanced, on the one hand by the lower costs of waste collection and cleaning the way public and places on which anyone can go, such as parking or other access 4. public institutions, and secondly by reducing the need for sorting the treatment centers and even allowing their complete removal, finally by reducing the amount of storage on the collection site reduces the quantities to be transported These overall savings can eliminate the taxes originally planned on packaging and thus satisfy all stakeholders, whether at level of the public, as users and / or consumers, local authorities, packaging manufacturers. vending companies, private or public site managers. etc ....

 Other advantages of the present invention could be mentioned, but those mentioned above already show enough of them to prove their novelty and interest. The description and drawings show exemplary embodiments of the invention but are not limiting in nature: other embodiments are possible within the scope of the scope of the invention, in particular by changing the scope of the invention. shape of the external enclosure, the number of bins of recovery of dhees, their arrangement. the transfer means between said bins ...

 Figure 1 is an overall perspective view of an example of a station for collecting and sorting packaging waste. three to three different types of waste.

 Figure 2 is a simplified sectional view of the device of Figure 1.

 Figure 3 is a tace view of a packaging waste sorting collection device k. only one enters.

 Figure 4 is a perspective view of the device of the previous figure.

 [Figure 5 is a sectional view along AA 'of Figure 3.

 Figure 6 is a top view in partial section of the device 8F3 'of Figure 5.

 Whatever the example or the embodiment of the device Juivan c the present invention, it comprises at least one recovery nozzle 2 located in a protective enclosure 6 and to collect at least one type of waste 14 given, at least one access port 3 located in the wall of said enclosure 6 and through which one can throw waste 14 in said tray 2, and any means 13 adapted to transfer the waste concerned to said tray 2.

 This waste. Essentially in the application of the present invention in the field of packaging, can be either aluminum boxes. said cans, either glass bottles or plastic bottles that can between PVC or PT type as defined above. or HDPE type; however, the sorting of the latter can be performed more easily later in a treatment center. since it is very different in density from other types of plastic material.Other types of packaging waste may also be made of paper or cardboard, or of cardboard, aluminum, etc. compounds, especially for insulated containers and even these can be wooden. It is possible anyway, as shown in Figures t or 2, to have at least as many recovery bins 2 that one wants to recover types of waste. among those in the list above, and possibly even others.

According to the present invention, and as shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 1, the collection device further comprises at least
a recorder device compatible with a given type of memory card 15, located in said protective enclosure 6 and whose input 4 is close to said access port 3. The recording apparatus may be a recording reader for possible reading information in the card or support
an access lock 9 placed behind said orifice 3 and whose dimensions correspond to those of a waste 14 of the given type, which can be fitted thereon and associated with an identification sensor 8 constituting the type of waste 14 given
a transfer means: 12 of said waste Lli enter said access lock 9 and said recovery tank 2;
a waste box I for receiving those which do not belong to all kinds of waste collected in said recovery tank 2
- The system 8 is connected by a not shown processing circuit, comprising a microprocessor and associated microprogram, to the recording apparatus for recording in the card information corresponding to the identification performed. The sensor 8 is of the type mentioned above. The treatment carried out consists in attributing the gratuities mentioned above. The recording apparatus and the sensor 8 are preferably electrical type powered by the mains or a battery.

 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, said memory card reader device 15 may be associated with a keyboard and a display screen 10 which may allow the user to receive information or messages, or ask these potential questions about the system or other information.

 According to the representation of Figures 1 and 2, where several recovery bins 2 are shown. such as for example a tray 21 for PET bottles. a tray 22 for PVC bottles. a bin 23 for aluminum cans. a tray 24 for glass bottles and a tray 25 for cardboard packaging, while three garbage cans or garbage cans 1 are shown: the transfer means between the airlock 9 access and or the bins of recovery 2 of waste that we want to recover, or bins 1 for those that we want to eliminate, can be conveyors or carousels as shown in Figures 5 or 6, allowing then to distribute. from a single entry. in. two, three or even more. waste bins or garbage cans.

 So. in Figure 5, there is shown a carousel transfer device 12 which recovers the waste such as a bottle 14 deposited in the access chamber 9 to bring it above the corresponding recovery tank 2 if the identification of said bottle 14 by the sensor 8 has been positive: the carousel 12 can be inclined, when the bottle 14 arrives in the high position 19, it can be released and falls into a volume reduction device 13 which, t <? shown in this figure 5. can be made of two rollers, parallel axis. and counter-rotating between which said waste 14 is forced to pass; in the case of plastic bottles, knives may shred them into slats in container 2, or if they are glass bottles, hammer systems hammer and crush said glass, or if they are aluminum cans, they will simply be pressed and flattened before falling into said container 2.This carousel t2 is rotated by a motor 11, after each positive identification of the material of said bottle 14, while quo if the identification does not correspond to the type of n :: material of said recovery tank 2 or to other bins possibly located a side and who could cotre powered by said carousel. said bottle is ejected from said access chamber 9 in said bin 1 which, if it is located below, receives it directly by gravity without intervention of the transfer means 12. There is no incrementation in the memory of memory card 15 previously introduced into the associated recorder.

 The device according to the figures 3 to 6 may have a height of the order of two meters for a width of one meter fifty, which allows to have an access port 3 and memory card reader 4 to the average of the people concerned. and therefore of great great friendliness by ensuring outer surfaces 7 of the enclosure sufficient to receive advertising panels.

The transfer device. carousel type 12 inclined, allows movements loading and unloading waste 14 only by gravity, to eject them in different. bins 2 or bins 1. but other transfer devices can of course be used. such as conveyor belts for example permotant then dispose bins and bins in line and then facilitate their access from the outside from the panels 7, while from the representation of Figure 2, it is necessary first remove the bins 21, 23 and 24 for example. to reach the garbage cans and bins located behind the previous ones
According to these figures t or 2, said enclosure 6 covering
The entire device, may constitute a shelter so the part, corresponding to the tace (1e the body on which are arranged the various inlet ports 3 and 4, can come to protect a sheltered surface 5 that any person can for example use in the event of bad weather, nth if she has nothing to throw away, which may then incite her to use this device of which she may have then become acquainted.

 In FIGS. 1 or 2, the collection device represented comprises as many recovery bins as the types of waste 14 that are to be recovered, but it will of course be possible to include several for a given type of waste, if This type of waste represents a higher consumption than the others, so as not to have to renew the corresponding container too often and thus burden the operating cost of the system.

 Said protective enclosure 6 has outer panels 7 bare less partially removable, to access different bins 2 and waste boxes 1 and able to support any type of information display, as indicated above.

According to the representation of FIG. 5, a device 17 for ventilating and sucking air inside said enclosure 6 can be disposed inside said enccinte, to reject said air in any place where it can be evacuated. without polluting the immediate environment, such as a sewer 16 located proxiinite. in order to avoid any rejection of unpleasant odors outside said enclosure 6 and which would discourage users.For this the suction device 17 can be placed on the orifice of such a rejection to
The sewer 16, in the lower part of said enclosure 6 on the floor 18 on which it is placed
The insertion and ejection of the memory card or medium in and out of the recording apparatus can be motorized as it currently exists. The ejection of the card or the support can be caused as soon as the carousel 12 turns a notch or as soon as the airlock empties into the bin 1. Alternatively, to more easily manage the multiple deposits made by the same operator, the card or media is manually inserted and the operator removes them at will either by direct gripping or pressing an eject button on the recorder. In the latter case, the action of this button is validated only when the recording of the information in the card is completed.

Claims (11)

 2. A method of collecting and sorting packaging waste (14) according to claim 1, characterized in that during the transfer of said identified waste (14) between the access sAs (9) and the recovery tank (2). ). we reduce (13) the volume.  - we put back the support available,  - If the identification corresponds to the type of waste (14) corresponding to the recovery tank (Z) to receive them, transferring said waste into said recovery tank (2) and ort records in the memory of said support (15) a code signal attesting said good identification;  - if the identification does not correspond to the type of waste (14) corresponding to the recovery tank (2) to receive them, transferring said waste into a waste box (1)  the type of material constituting said waste (14) is identified by any suitable sensor (8);  - Depositing a waste (14) in an airlock that access (9) placed behind said orifice (3);  a memory medium (15) is introduced into a recording apparatus compatible with the memory of this medium, situated in said protective enclosure (6) and whose input (4) is close to said access port (3) ;  t. A method of collecting and removing eolballege waste (1 /;) using at least one recovery tank (2). located in a protective enclosure (6) and having to collect at least one typc of waste () that can be thrown into said tray by at least one access port (3) characterized in that  3 A method for collecting and sorting packaging waste (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that d each correct identification of a waste (14) introduced, the amount of waste of this type transferred to the corresponding recovery tank (2), and when LirI given number is reached, an external signal is triggered,  4. A method of collecting and sorting packaging waste (11;) according to any one of the following: Claims I to 3, characterized in that the interior air of said enclosure (6) is sucked up and rejected in any station (16) where it can be evacuated to pollute the immediate environment.  5. A method of collecting and sorting packaging waste (14) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that given time intervals. all equipment located in said enclosure (6) is rinsed.  6. Process according to any one of claims I to 5 and for plastic and metal packaging waste.  characterized in that the latter are transferred from said corresponding recovery tanks (2). by any pneumatic suction system, to transport buckets.  circuits for recording in a memory medium information corresponding to waste identified by the sensor (8).  - a waste box (1) for receiving those that do not match the type of waste (14) collected in said recovery tank (2); and  - Transfer means (12) of said waste between said access lock (9) and said recovery tank (2);  - An access chamber (9) placed behind said orifice (3), to place the waste and associated with a sensor (8) identifying the material constituting the type of waste (14) given;  - A recording apparatus compatible with a given type of memory medium (15), located in said protective enclosure (6), and whose input (4) is close to said access port (3);  7. Device for collecting and sorting packaging waste (14) comprising at least one recovery tank (2) located in a protective enclosure (6) and having to collect at least one type of waste (14) given. at least one access port (3) situated in the wall of said enclosure (6) and through which waste (14) can be disposed in said bin, characterized in that it comprises at least ::  8. Apparatus for collecting and sorting packaging waste (14) according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises means (13) of reduction adapted to the type of waste concerned, consisting of two rollers parallel axis and contrarotatifs between which said waste (14) is forced to pass.  9. Device according to any one of claims 7 and 8. characterized in that it comprises at least as many recovery bins (2) as types of waste (11!) Recoverable.  10. Device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that said protective enclosure (6) comprises panels (7) external at least partially removable. to access said bins (2) and waste boxes (1). and able to support any type of information display.  11. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that ejecting said support (15) when there is more waste in the access lock (9) for a predetermined time.