FR2723354A1 - PACKAGING PACKAGE FOR A PRODUCT OF NON-SPECIFIC SHAPE, BLANK ASSEMBLY, METHOD AND DEVICE FOR OBTAINING SUCH A PACKAGE. - Google Patents

Abstract

The package consists of a box of polygonal cross-section, made from card or corrugated cardboard with a middle strip, a top and a bottom, and a sheet or a bag of a heat-shrink plastics material, stuck to the box with adhesive. The box is in the form of an inverted tray with its walls forming the middle strip, and with apertures in its base. The thermo-shrink plastics is attached to two opposite sides of the tray. The tray is made from a single panel of card or cardboard with a series of rectangular flaps which are folded to form its sides.

Description

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  PACKAGING PACKAGING FOR SHAPE PRODUCT

  NON-SPECIFIC, BLANK SET, METHOD AND

  DEVICE FOR OBTAINING SUCH A PACKAGE

  The present invention relates to a composite packaging packaging for a product of non-specific type of type comprising a box of polygonal cross section made of sheet material of cardboard or corrugated cardboard, comprising a belt of side flaps, a bottom and a top, and a sheet. or a heat-shrinkable plastic bag, fixed to said box by gluing, blocking by

  thermo-contraction of the product (s) against the bottom.

  It also relates to a set of blanks, a device and a method for obtaining such packaging. It finds a particularly important although not exclusive application in the field of the transport by post of products or batches of products of different volumes such as books, office supplies, etc., suitable for being entirely contained in the internal volume. of the packaging but without occupying all the space, and which will thus be able to be held firmly in position against an interior face of the packaging, whatever the position of the latter during transport. We already know packaging for packaging in plastic film

  heat-shrinkable of at least one product of the above type

above defined.

  The document FR 2.625.181 describes for example a package where the film is stuck on the bottom of

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  the packaging and folded over the products to be maintained

against the bottom.

  Such packaging has drawbacks.

  First of all, it is not easy to manufacture. Its assembly is indeed difficult to mechanize. The need to fold the plastic film over the products to be transported also leads to greater consumption of plastic material, due to the

  overlap required between flaps.

  Heating the packaging to obtain heat shrinkage is also difficult to implement given the structural difficulties, linked to the packaging, of circulation of a fluid.

  convector around the film to shrink.

  The present invention aims to provide a packaging, a set of blanks, a method and a packaging device for products of non-specific shape, which meet the requirements of practice better than those previously known, in particular in that it allows automatic manufacture. packaging, optimized heating of the film to be shrunk, while guaranteeing excellent fixing of the film or plastic bag on the cardboard box. With the invention, the resistance to tearing or shearing of the connections between plastic sheet and internal walls is improved, which avoids separation between products and box when the packaging is subjected to shocks, falls or

  turnarounds especially during handling.

  To this end, the invention provides in particular a composite packaging packaging for at least one product of non-specific shape not occupying the entire available volume of the packaging,

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  comprising a box of polygonal cross section made of sheet material of cardboard or corrugated cardboard, comprising a belt, a bottom and a top, and a sheet or a bag of heat-shrinkable plastic material, fixed to said box by gluing, blocking by thermo-constriction of the product or products against the bottom, characterized in that the box comprises an intermediate box in the form of an inverted tray, the walls of which at least partially form said belt, the film or the bag being fixed to the peripheral edges of two opposite walls of said tray, said tray being wrapped at least in part by a sheet forming the bottom of

  packaging and attached to said tray by gluing.

  In advantageous embodiments, recourse is had to one and / or the other of the following arrangements: - the bottom of the inverted tray is perforated; - The bottom of the tray is perforated over an area of dimension greater than half the area of said bottom; - The sheet, or bag, of plastic material is fixed on the internal peripheral edge of two opposite walls of the tray; - The sheet, or bag, of plastic material is fixed on the outer peripheral edge of two opposite walls of the tray; the inverted tray is obtained by folding a blank comprising a rectangular central flap forming the bottom of said tray, said central flap being provided with four rectangular lateral flaps respectively connected to the four sides of said central flap by folding lines and

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  forming the walls of the tray, namely two first opposite lateral flaps, each provided with two secondary end flaps connected on either side by fold lines to said first corresponding lateral flap, and two second opposite lateral flaps devoid of secondary flaps, said secondary end flaps each being fixed by gluing to said adjacent second side flap; - The width of the two second opposite lateral flaps devoid of secondary flap, is smaller than that of the first two lateral flaps; the sheet forming the bottom of the packaging is obtained from a blank comprising a series of rectangular flaps connected to each other by parallel fold lines, namely a main rectangular flap forming the bottom of the packaging, provided with two lateral end flaps connected by fold lines on two opposite sides of said main flap and fixed by gluing to the corresponding side flaps of the blank forming the walls of the tray, and two series of enveloping flaps connected to said main flap on its two other sides, each series comprising at least a first rectangular enveloping flap covering another wall of said tray; - Each of said series comprises a second enveloping flap, end, folded over the outer upper face of the intermediate box by folding to form the packaging cover; - one of said series of enveloping flaps comprises a single flap and the other comprises at least two; - the other series has three parts;

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  the width of an enveloping flap or the sum of the respective widths of the two enveloping end flaps is equal to or substantially equal to the width of the central flap of the tray on which the said enveloping end flap or flaps are

  glued together to form the packaging cover.

  The invention also relates to a set of blanks for the manufacture of a composite packaging packaging for at least one product of non-specific shape not occupying the entire available volume of the packaging, characterized in that it comprises , in combination: - a blank comprising a rectangular central flap suitable for forming the bottom of a tray, said iscentral flap being provided with four lateral flaps respectively connected to the four sides of said flap by fold lines, suitable for forming the walls of the tray, namely two first opposite lateral flaps each provided with two secondary end flaps connected on either side by fold lines to said first corresponding lateral flap, and two second opposite lateral flaps devoid of secondary flap, - a blank comprising a series of rectangular shutters connected to each other by parallel fold lines, namely a main rectangular shutter suitable for forming the bottom of the packaging, provided with two lateral end flaps connected by fold lines on two opposite sides of said main flap and suitable for being fixed by gluing to the corresponding lateral flaps of the blank forming the walls of the tray and two series of enveloping flaps connected to said main flap on its two other sides, each series comprising at

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  at least a first rectangular enveloping flap covering another wall of said tray,

  during the formation of the packaging.

  Advantageously, each of said series of enveloping flaps comprises a second enveloping flap, at the end, capable of being folded down on the upper external face of the tray by folding to form at least partially the cover of the packaging. In an advantageous embodiment, one of said series of enveloping flaps comprises a single flap and the other series comprises at least two. Also advantageously, the other series includes

three strands.

  In an equally advantageous embodiment, the width of an enveloping flap or the sum of the respective widths of the two end enveloping flaps is equal or substantially equal to the width of the central flap of the tray on which the said enveloping flap or flaps 'end are arranged to be glued to form the lid of the package. Also advantageously, the width of the two second opposite lateral flaps devoid of secondary flap, is smaller than that of the two

first side flaps.

  The invention also relates to a method of packaging at least one product of non-specific shape that does not occupy the entire available volume of the packaging, characterized in that - a first assembly is formed comprising: a cardboard tray or corrugated cardboard,

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  and a sheet or a bag of heat-shrinkable plastic glued to the peripheral edges of two opposite walls of the tray, - the product or products to be packed are placed in the tray, on the plastic film or inside of the bag, - a blank suitable for covering the open face of the tray and at least partially wrapping said tray is placed on top of said tray, to form a second set, - one turns over said second set by 180 while maintaining the products in place, the products then resting on the internal face of the blank covering the open face of said tray, while providing a passage to the plastic film to allow it to be heated, - it is heated to shrink the film or the bag and press the product (s) on said internal face, - then the blank is completely closed on the inverted tray with which it is fixed by gluing. In advantageous embodiments, use is made of one and / or the other of the following arrangements: - to form the first set, the tray is first produced by folding a blank, then the film or the bag is glued to the peripheral edges of the tray; to form the first assembly, firstly the film or the plastic bag is glued onto the flat blank intended to form said tray, then said tray is folded; - the container and its contents are wrapped from above with a blank comprising a series of flaps

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  rectangular connected to each other by parallel fold lines, without entirely folding the said blank around the tray, said rectangular flaps comprising: 5. a rectangular main flap plated on the open face of the tray, provided with two lateral flaps of end connected by fold lines to two opposite sides of said main flap, which are fixed by gluing to the walls of the tray, 10. and two series of enveloping flaps connected to said main flap on its two other sides, each series comprising at least a first rectangular enveloping flap covering another wall of said tray and a series comprising at least a second flap to completely cover the bottom of the packaging, second flaps which are left open before and during heater; - The tray is obtained by folding a blank comprising a rectangular central flap forming the bottom of said tray, and side flaps forming the walls of the tray, said side flaps being fixed to each other by bonding via secondary flaps; - The bottom of the inverted tray being perforated, and a space being structurally provided between the internal face of the blank and the external peripheral edge of at least one wall of the tray, it is heated by circulating a heat transfer fluid on the film or the plastic bag via the perforated bottom and said space; the sheet, or bag, of plastic material is fixed on the inner peripheral edge of two opposite walls of the tray;

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  - the sheet, or bag, of plastic material is fixed on the outer peripheral edge of two walls

opposite of the tray.

  The invention also provides a device for packaging at least one product of non-specific shape that does not occupy the entire available volume of the packaging, characterized in that it comprises: - means for forming a first set îo including a cardboard or corrugated container

  and a sheet or bag of thermo-plastic

  retractable glued to the peripheral edges of two opposite walls of the tray; - Means for moving the first assembly for filling the product or products to be packaged in the tray, on the plastic film or inside the bag; - Means for bringing and pressing on the top of said tray a blank suitable for completely covering the open face of the tray and at least partially wrapping said tray, to form a second set; - means for turning said second set of 180, and for holding the products during said turning, the products resting after turning on the internal face of the blank covering the open face of said tray, while providing passage to the plastic film to allow its heating; - Heating means arranged to retract the film or the bag and thus press the product or products on said internal face;

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  - And means for completely closing the blank on the inverted tray and for fixing said blank

onto said tray by gluing.

  Advantageously, the means for forming the first set include means for folding a blank to form the tray and means for bringing and bonding the film or bag to the peripheral edges.

of the tray thus formed.

  In an advantageous embodiment, the means for forming the first assembly comprise means for bonding the film or the plastic bag to the flat blank intended to form said tray, then means for shaping the assembly for get said tray covered

inside of the film by folding.

  Also advantageously, the means for bonding the film or the bag to the tray are arranged to adhere said film or said bag to the internal peripheral edges of two opposite walls of the

tray.

  In another advantageous embodiment, the means for bonding the film or the bag to the tray are arranged to adhere said film or said bag to the outer peripheral edges of two walls

opposite of the tray.

  The invention will be better understood on reading the

  description which follows of particular modes of

  embodiment, given by way of nonlimiting examples.

  The description refers to the drawings which

  accompany it, in which: - Figures 1A and 1B respectively show, in perspective, a flat blank, and the same blank folded, then covered with a plastic film to form the tray of a first mode of achievement

a package according to the invention.

  - Figure lB 'is a schematic view, in section,

  of one end of the tray of Figure lB.

  - Figures 2A and 2B respectively show, in perspective, a flat blank before covering with a plastic film, and the same blank folded to form the tray of a packaging according to a second

  embodiment of the packaging according to the invention.

  - Figure 2B 'is a schematic view, in section,

  of one end of the tray of Figure 2B.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an intermediate box according to FIG. 1B or 2B, in which products have been placed, and of a blank capable of constituting the bottom of a package according to a

  embodiment of the invention.

  - Figure 4 is a perspective view of the packaging obtained after turning the tray assembly more blank of Figure 3, before closing

lid flaps.

  FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a package according to the invention before final closure, showing the circulation of the heat transfer fluid in the package,

  around the plastic film.

  - Figure 6 is a perspective view of the packaging of Figure 5 during final closure. - Figures 7, 8 and 9 show schematically and respectively the successive stages of placement of the film, or bag, of plastic material, on the blank intended to form the flap belt and the internal upper face of the packaging, according to three

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  different embodiments for fixing the film

or bag according to the invention.

  - Figure 10 shows schematically, in section, the packaging opened during the heating and shrinking step of the plastic film and the finished packaging, after closing and gluing of the cover. - Figure 11 shows schematically, in section, two packages according to the invention with variants of

lid.

  - Figure 12 shows schematically, in section, a variant of an embodiment of the packaging according to the invention with a plastic bag giving the main steps of the packaging process

then implemented.

  - Figures 13 and 14 show, in plan view, two other embodiments of blank for

  formation of a tray according to the invention.

  - Figures 15 and 16 show, in plan view, two other embodiments of blank for

envelope according to the invention.

  - Figure 17 is a schematic side view of a first part of a device according to the embodiment of the invention more particularly described here, of obtaining the tray and placing

film place.

  - Figure 18 is a section on XVIII-XVIII of

Figure 17.

  - Figure 19 is a section on XIX-XIX of the

figure 17.

  - Figure 20 is a top view along the

arrow XX of figure 19.

  - Figure 21 is a schematic view more

  large scale of part of Figure 19.

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  - Figure 22 is a schematic side view of a second part of the device of Figure 17, including mounting the establishment of the bottom blank, the inversion of the packaging, and its heating by

s heat shrink.

  - Figure 23 is a sectional view along XXIII-

XXIII of figure 22.

  - Figure 24 is a sectional view along XXIV-

XXIV of figure 22.

  FIG. 1A shows a blank 1 of corrugated cardboard comprising a perforated central flap 2 rectangular, for example having four identical rectangular windows 3, symmetrically distributed, the sum of the areas of which occupies substantially the

  9 / loemes of the surface of said flap.

  The central flap 2 is provided with four rectangular lateral flaps respectively connected to the four sides of said central flap by first fold lines 4, namely two first opposite lateral flaps 5, each provided with two secondary end flaps 6, rectangular, of same width as said first flaps 5, located in the extension thereof, and connected on either side of said first lateral flaps by second fold lines 7 perpendicular to the first fold lines of the same flaps, and two second flaps opposite sides 8, without secondary flaps, of the same width as the flaps

  secondary of the first lateral flaps.

  FIG. 1B shows a first assembly 9 belonging to a package according to the invention, comprising a tray 10 obtained from the folded blank 1, the secondary flaps 6 of which have been glued to the internal face 11 of the second flaps 8, the

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  fold lines 7 and 4 being slightly offset accordingly. In another embodiment, the secondary flaps can be glued to the external face 12 of the second flaps; in this case, the offset between fold lines is in the opposite direction. The assembly 9 also includes a plastic film 13 (in phantom 13 ') brought to the

  above the tray 10 which has been shaped.

  The film 13 is rectangular, of width substantially equal to a dimension of the central flap 2, for example the length thereof, and of length greater than the length of the blank 1 obtained by adding the other dimension of the central flap and

  lengths of the first two flaps 5.

  The film is fixed on the peripheral edges 14 of the first flaps 5, on the external part 16 of the walls of the tray thus formed, by lines of adhesive 17 (see FIG. 1B '), the peripheral edge 18 of the film therefore being on horseback on the edges 14 of the first flaps 5, and the two other opposite peripheral edges 19 of the film substantially coinciding with the fold lines 4 of the bottom of

the tray.

  To simplify, we will use in the rest of the

  description the same reference numbers for

designate the same elements.

  FIG. 2A shows the blank 1 on which this time comes first of all fixing the film 13 by gluing on the internal face 20 of the first flaps 5 along the peripheral edges 14 (glue line 21) of said first flaps, before folding, to obtain, after folding, the assembly 9 with glued film

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  internally as shown in Figures 2B and 2B '. FIG. 3 shows the assembly 9 (tray 10 + film 13) in which 22 s products of different shapes have been placed, on which a corrugated sheet 23 is placed to form the bottom of the packaging after inversion (see

figure 4).

  More precisely, the sheet 23 is constituted by a blank comprising a rectangular main flap 24, suitable for forming the bottom of the packaging, provided with two identical end side flaps 25, opposite in the transverse direction of the blank, rectangular or trapezoidal. of small base directed towards the outside, connected by fold lines 26 to said main flap, the distance between the fold lines 26 being arranged to allow the covering of the open face 27 of the tray taking into account the cumulative thicknesses of the

flaps 8.

  The blank also includes two series 28 and 29 of rectangular flaps of transverse dimension identical or slightly less than that of the main flap 24, located on either side of the main flap 24 connected to each other by lines

parallel folding 30.

  Each series comprises a first enveloping shutter 31, rectangular, covering a wall 32 of the tray on which is fixed the film of heat-shrinkable plastic 13 and a second wrapping shutter 33, suitable for being folded down on the face

the bottom of the tray.

  There is shown in Figure 3 in phantom, the same elements being referenced with the same

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  indexed numbers, the blank 23 'with its flaps 33' applied and partially folded over the tray before turning. FIG. 4 shows the assembly 34 obtained after gluing on the one hand of the lateral end flaps 25 on the second flaps 8, and on the other hand of the first enveloping flaps 31 on the external face of the walls 32 and turning over, the second enveloping flaps 33 remaining open to allow, via the windows 3 at the bottom of the tray, access to the fluid

  heat transfer to the heat-shrinkable film.

  FIG. 5 shows a variant 35 of the assembly of FIG. 4, in which the length of the second opposite lateral flaps 8 devoid of secondary flap, is shorter than that of the first two lateral flaps 5 and their secondary end flaps 6 which leaves a passage 36 for circulation of a heat transfer fluid (arrow 37) above the internal face 38 of the main flap 24, before closing and

  gluing the side end flaps 25.

  FIG. 6 shows the embodiment of the packaging according to the invention more particularly described here at the time of its complete closure, after heat-shrinking of the plastic film 13 on the

products 22.

  The second flaps 33, previously glued with lines of glue 39, for example of glue called "hot melt" or cold glue, continuous or interrupted, 39 on their respective internal peripheral end parts, are pressed on the external face of the central flap 2, perforated, which comprises opposite lines of glue, a non-perforated part 40 for cooperating with said parts

end glued.

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  The edges 41 of the end parts of the two flaps 33 are for example contiguous once said flaps folded over the bottom 2, which gives a finished appearance and ensures good solidity and integrity of the packaging obtained. There are shown in Figures 7, 8 and 9, three types of manufacture of the first assembly formed by the tray and the film, or bag, plastic

according to the invention.

  FIG. 7 shows a first step 42 of bringing in the blank 1, a second step 43 of forming the tray 10 and of bringing film 13 or the bag 44 above said tray, and a third step 45 of bonding the film 13 on the tray, the external faces 16 of two walls of which have been glued beforehand. The process of figure 7 corresponds to that

  described with reference to lines 1A, lB and lB '.

  Figure 8 corresponds to the process

  mentioned with reference to Figures 2A, 2B and 2B '.

  It comprises a first step 46 of bringing film 13 or bag 44 onto the flat blank 1, the film being substantially the same width as the blank, a second step 47 of bonding the film to said flat blank whose edges internal peripherals 14 were previously glued, then a third step 48 of forming the tray, the film then marrying the internal faces of said tray to give the

first set 9.

  FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of the method combining bonding on the

  internal and external edges of the first flaps 5.

  The first step 49 is identical to step 46.

  Then, after gluing the peripheral edges

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  internal and external of the blank, the film 13 is wider (step 50) than the blank on the latter, then the ends 51 of the film are folded around the edges, and the tray is erected (step 52) to obtain a assembly with double bonding, internal and external, of the film on the peripheral edges 14

of the first flaps 5.

  FIG. 10 shows the last two steps of the method according to the invention more particularly described here, namely step 52 of heating by heat transfer fluid 53, for example blown from above, and drawn in at 54 from the sides , then from the bottom of the packaging, and step 55 of closing the flaps 33 and gluing on a tongue

  central 56 of the perforated bottom of the tray.

  FIG. 11 schematically shows in section two packages according to the invention with variant cover, namely a package 57 with two rectangular end flaps 58 of the same width, the edges 59 of which are joined, in the center of the package, when '' they are glued to the central tab 60, separating the openings from the perforated bottom 61, and a package 62 comprising a small end flap 63 of small width, for example equal to one tenth of the total width of the package, and a large flap 64 substantially covering the entire bottom 65 of the

overturned tray.

  In Figure 12, there is shown schematically the stages of manufacturing a package according to the invention with a bag or bag 66. The bag 66 is for example glued to the preformed tray 67 with perforated bottom, on the outer edge of two vertical walls 68 facing the tray. Then the

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  bag 66 is opened by the sides 69, and filled with

products 70.

  The cover 71 is then put in place to close the second set, which is turned over, then the bag is shrunk by heat on the products before

closing flaps 72.

  FIG. 13 shows a blank 73 for constituting a tray for packaging according to the invention. The bottom 74 is perforated by a series of rows 75 of longitudinal windows 76, for example seven rows of two rectangular windows each, namely a small window and a large window arranged in

staggered from row to row.

  The second flaps 77 devoid of secondary flaps of the blank comprise a notch 78, for example rectangular, centered, on the peripheral edge of said flap, which will allow circulation of the heat-transfer fluid during heating, along the film

made of plastic.

  FIG. 14 shows another blank 79 for a tray according to the invention with a central opening 80 occupying 8/10 of the surface of the

central flap 81.

  FIGS. 15 and 16 respectively show two blanks 82 and 83 for forming the bottom of the package according to the invention, namely a blank 82 provided with an end flap 84 suitable for completely covering the bottom of the inverted tray , and a blank 83 provided with an end flap 85 in the extension of the flaps 86 suitable for completely covering the bottom of the tray, arranged to come to cover a vertical wall of said tray and whose edge 87 comes to cooperate joined or substantially contiguously with the edge 88 of the flap 89 located on the

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  opposite side of the central flap 90 of the blank 83, by

report to the central component 90.

  We will now describe a device for packaging at least one product of specific shape according to the invention with reference to FIGS. 17 to 22. FIG. 17 shows means 91 for forming a first assembly 92 comprising a tray of corrugated cardboard 93 and a plastic film

  thermo-retractable 94 (in phantom in the figure).

  More precisely, these means 91 comprise a device 95 for vertical storage and unstacking of blanks 96 capable of forming said tray, known in itself. The blanks 96 are deposited one by one on a conveyor belt 97 which moves the blank transversely to bring it below a machine 98 suitable for punching, by lowering a piston 99 of a shape complementary to that of the internal volume of the tray , said blank towards a position 100 after guiding inside a shaping well

  101, so as to obtain the formed tray 93.

  Gluing means 102 known in themselves have previously made it possible to glue the flaps of the blank so that the flaps of the tray can

  be glued to each other as described above

  before. The tray 93 is then brought by means of a conveyor belt 103 (in phantom in Figure 17) to a position for placing the film in material.

plastic.

  When transferring to 104, glue injectors, for example always of the type known by the Anglo-Saxon name "hot melt", apply the glue bead (s) necessary for fixing

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  subsequent plastic film on the outer edges

  of the tray, in a manner known per se.

  The film is then placed so as to form an assembly 92 of the type shown in FIG. 1B. The assembly 92 is then taken up for example by a conveyor belt towards means 105 arranged to bring and to place the products to be packaged in

  said tray, in a manner known in itself.

  We will now describe more precisely with reference to FIG. 18 the training machine 98

from tray 93.

  The machine comprises a chassis 106, a piston 99, means for guiding the piston 107 and means for vertical displacement 108 of the piston, for example hydraulic. The head of the piston has a shape complementary to that of the internal volume of the tray; it is suitable for pressing on the blank 96, in order to gradually shape it via an external guide funnel 110 having a trapezoidal upper part, belonging to the well 101, in order to obtain the tray 93, which can then be taken up by the

carpet 103.

  In Figure 19, there is shown the device for placing the plastic film 94 which is unwound from a reel 111 via a displacement system with successive motorized rollers 112, also used for tensioning the plastic film at

above the tray to be fitted.

  To do this, means 113 are provided for vertical displacements of the film and for applying said film to the internal wall of the tray, means which moreover make it possible to bond the ends 114

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  film on the outer peripheries 115 of the tray, peripheries which have been previously glued. Means 116 which will be more particularly described with reference to FIG. 21 moreover allow the positioning of this film so

  that it marries the bottom of the tray 115.

  This is then taken up by a conveyor belt

as shown in figure 17.

  Figure 20 shows in top view along arrow XX the top of the plastic film 94 when it is to be applied to the tray whose bottom appears

in transparency in 118.

  More specifically with reference to FIGS. 19 and 20, a pin or gripping bar 119, for example by pinching the end of the film to be unrolled over the width of the latter, slides horizontally between a position 119 '(in broken lines on the Figure 20) o it comes to seek the end of the film, and a position 119 "o the film is unwound above the tray. A fixed bar supports from below the film thus unwound, cutting means 120 'for cut the film to

the desired length.

  Retractable means are provided, comprising two parallel horizontal rods 122 extending in line with the vertical walls of the tray between a position where the film rests on the rods, and a position (not shown in the figures) where the rods are retracted for fully release

  the space between the film and the tray.

  Each rod has a flat arm 121, articulated in rotation around a corresponding rod, arranged to exert a back pressure inside the

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  tray, the film being applied externally facing the upper edges of the walls of the tray via pushing means 123, also

articulated and retractable.

  s Once the outer periphery of the end 114 of the film has been bonded to the wall 115 of the tray, the flat applicator arms 121 are erased and the plastic film is pushed in via the pushing means 116 shown in FIG. 19, known in themselves, comprising pusher cylinders terminated by pusher pads 125. FIG. 22 shows the second part 126 of the device according to the invention allowing

obtain optimized packaging.

  The first assembly 92 obtained in the first part of the device, and in which the packages 127 have been placed, is brought by conveyor belt 128, via an external gluing station for the flaps 129, to a device 130 for positioning the upper envelope 132 supported, on its peripheral edges perpendicular to the direction of advance of the belt 128,

by side rails 131.

  This device 130 comprises a lifting plate 133 which brings the tray, with grip to the passage of

  the envelope 132, in an upper position 134.

  The assembly is then pushed in a manner known in itself by a pusher means of the hydraulic cylinder type 135 on the turning device 136 which comprises a first connecting rod 137 actuated by a motor 138, and a second connecting rod 137 ', the end upper of the two connecting rods being fixed on either side of the diameter of a 137 "disc integral in rotation with the packaging support means during

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  its reversal, the system of connecting rods allowing a back and forth movement causing the rotation of

  from the whole.

  The device 136 comprises means known in themselves making it possible to support the products 127 from below, for example through the openings in the perforated wall 139 of the tray, holding means 140 and means 141 then allowing the evacuation on a treadmill 142 after

reversal.

  Once the packaging is turned over, it ends up with the upper flaps 143 in the upper part, the perforated face being accessible by a heat-transfer fluid (arrow 144) which makes it possible to retract the

plastic film.

  The heating means used are known in themselves and include, for example, a device

blowing hot air.

  Vacuum means 145 (support casings evacuated for example) are also advantageously provided for removing the heat transfer fluid. The entire package is then directed via the conveyor belt 142 to applicator means (not shown) for pressurizing the covers 143 on the top of the package now formed by the perforated bottom of the inverted tray 139, gluing means (not shown) having meanwhile interposed the threads

  glue required, before pressurization.

  The packaging is then disposed of in a manner known per se.

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  Figures 23 and 24 give details of embodiment of the device 130 for placing the envelope. The device 130 comprises means 150 for horizontal storage and unstacking of the blank

envelope 132.

  The blank is taken up from below via a conveyor belt 151, brought above the tray 93, under an inverted funnel 152, the lower part of which guides the envelope when it is folded around the tray, and the upper part of which is a parallelepiped channel of internal dimensions corresponding to the external dimensions of the tray covered with the envelope with which

it cooperates in friction.

  The tray is then moved upwards and thereby causes the envelope 132 which comes to cap and wrap said tray whose walls, in the end position are located above the edge

  upper of said upper part of the funnel.

  Pads 153 for pressurizing the lateral flaps of the envelope on the lateral flaps forming the walls of the tray are also

planned and complete the collage.

  Figure 24 schematically shows a view of the

turning device 136.

* Means 154 for maintaining the products by

  underneath for example comprising retractable pistons 155 able to come through the windows

  156 of the perforated bottom of the tray are provided.

26 2723354

Claims (31)

  1. Composite packaging package for at least one product (22) of non-specific shape that does not occupy the entire available volume of the package, comprising a box of polygonal cross-section made of cardboard sheet or corrugated material, comprising a belt, a bottom and a top, and a sheet (13) or a bag of heat-shrinkable plastic, fixed to said box by gluing, blocking by heat-constriction of the product or products against the bottom, characterized in that the box comprises an intermediate box in the form of an inverted tray (10) whose walls at least partially form said belt, the film or the bag being fixed to the peripheral edges (14) of two opposite walls of said tray, said tray being wrapped at least in part by a sheet (23) forming the bottom of   packaging and attached to said tray by gluing.   2. Packaging according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (2) of the tray (10) returned is openwork.   3. Packaging according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom (2) of the tray (10) is perforated over an area of dimension   more than half the area of the said bottom.   4. Packaging according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   sheet (13), or bag (44,66), of plastic material is fixed on the inner peripheral edge of two opposite sides of the tray.   5. Packaging according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   sheet, or bag, of plastic material is attached to 27 2723354   the outer peripheral edge of two opposite walls from the tray.   6. Packaging according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   upturned tray is obtained by folding a blank (1) comprising a rectangular central flap (2) forming the bottom of said tray, said central flap being provided with four rectangular lateral flaps respectively connected to the four sides of said central flap by lines of folding (4) and forming the walls of the tray, namely two first side flaps (5) opposite, each provided with two secondary end flaps (6) connected on either side by folding lines (7) to said first corresponding lateral flap, and two second opposite lateral flaps (8) devoid of secondary flaps, said secondary end flaps each being fixed by bonding to said second flap lateral adjacent.   7. Packaging according to claim 6, characterized in that the width of the two second opposite side flaps (8) devoid of secondary flap, is smaller than that of the two first side flaps.   8. Packaging according to any one of   previous claims, characterized in that the   sheet forming the bottom of the package is obtained from a blank (23, 82, 83) comprising a series of rectangular flaps connected to each other by parallel fold lines (30), namely a main rectangular flap (24, 90) forming the bottom of the package, provided with two lateral end flaps (25) connected by fold lines (26) to two opposite sides of said main flap and fixed 28 2723354   by bonding to the corresponding side flaps of the blank forming the walls of the tray, and two series (28, 29) of enveloping flaps connected to said main flap on its two other sides, each series comprising at least one first enveloping flap (31) rectangular recovery of a another wall of said tray.   9. Packaging according to claim 8, characterized in that each of said series comprises a second enveloping flap (33), at the end, folded over the external upper face of the intermediate box by folding to form the packaging lid.   10. Packaging according to claim 8, characterized in that one of said series of enveloping flaps comprises a single flap (89) and the other has at least two.   11. Packaging according to claim 10, characterized in that the other series comprises three shutters (85, 86).   12. Packaging according to any one of   claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the   width of an enveloping flap or the sum of the respective widths of the two end enveloping flaps is equal or substantially equal to the width of the central flap of the tray on which the said enveloping end flap (s)   glued together to form the packaging cover.   13. Set of blanks for the manufacture of a composite packaging packaging for at least one product of non-specific shape not occupying the entire available volume of the packaging, characterized in that it comprises, in combination 29 2723354   - a blank (1) comprising a central central flap (2) suitable for forming the bottom of a tray, said central flap (2) being provided with four lateral flaps respectively connected to the four sides of said flap by fold lines, clean forming the walls of the tray, namely two first opposite lateral flaps (5) each provided with two secondary end flaps (6) connected on either side by fold lines (7) to said first corresponding lateral flap , and two second opposite lateral flaps (8) devoid of secondary flap, - a blank (23) comprising a series of rectangular flaps connected to each other by parallel fold lines, namely a main rectangular flap (24) suitable for form the bottom of the package, provided with two lateral end flaps (25) connected by fold lines (26) to two opposite sides of said main flap and suitable for being fixed by gluing to the corresponding lateral flaps dant of the blank forming the walls of the tray and two series (28, 29) of enveloping flaps connected to said main flap on its two other sides, each series comprising at least a first rectangular enveloping flap (31) covering another wall of said tray,   during the formation of the packaging.   14. Set of blanks according to claim 13, characterized in that each of said series of enveloping flaps comprises a second enveloping flap (33), at the end, suitable for being folded down on the upper external face of the tray by folding to form at less partially the packaging lid. 2723354   15. The assembly of claim 13, characterized in that one of said series of enveloping flaps comprises a single flap (89) and the other series has at least two.   16. The assembly of claim 15, characterized in that the other series has three components. 17. Assembly according to any one of   claims 13 to 16, characterized in that the   width of an enveloping flap or the sum of the respective widths of the two end enveloping flaps is equal or substantially equal to the width of the central flap of the tray on which the said enveloping end flap (s) are arranged to be glued to form the packaging lid. 18. Assembly according to any one of   Claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the   width of the two opposite second side flaps devoid of secondary flap, is smaller than that of the first two side flaps.   19. Method for packaging at least one product (22, 127) of non-specific shape that does not occupy the entire available volume of the packaging, characterized in that - a first assembly is formed (9, 92) comprising: a container (10, 93) of cardboard or corrugated cardboard, and a sheet (13, 94) or a bag (44) of heat-shrinkable plastic glued to the peripheral edges of two opposite walls of the container, places the product (s) (22, 127) to be packed in the tray, on the plastic film or inside the bag, 31 2723354   - a blank (23, 132) suitable for completely covering the open face of the tray and at least partially wrapping said tray is pressed on top of said tray, to form a second set, - said second set is turned 180 by keeping the products in place, the products resting after turning over the internal face of the blank covering the open face of said tray, while providing a passage towards the plastic film to allow its heating, it is heated to shrink the film or the bag and press the product (s) on said internal face, - then the blank is completely closed on the inverted tray with which it is fixed by gluing. 20. Method according to claim 19, characterized in that, to form the first set, the tray (10, 93) is first produced by folding a blank, then the film or the bag is glued onto the   peripheral edges of the tray.   21. The method as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that, to form the first assembly, the film or the plastic bag is firstly glued onto the flat blank intended to form said tray,   then said tray is formed by folding.   22. Method according to any one of   Claims 19 to 21, characterized in that   wraps the tray and its contents from above with a blank comprising a series of rectangular flaps connected to each other by parallel fold lines, without entirely folding said blank around the tray, said rectangular flaps comprising: 32 2723354   - a rectangular main flap (24) plated on the open face of the tray, provided with two lateral end flaps (25) connected by fold lines (26) to two opposite sides of said main flap, which are fixed by bonding to the walls of the tray, - and two series (28, 29) of enveloping flaps connected to said main flap on its two other sides, each series comprising at least one first enveloping flap (31) rectangular covering another wall of said tray and a series comprising at least a second flap (84, 86) to completely cover the bottom of the packaging, second flaps which are left open before and during heater.   23. Method according to any one of   claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the   tray is obtained by folding a blank comprising a rectangular central flap forming the bottom of said tray, and side flaps forming the walls of the tray, said side flaps being fixed to each other by bonding via secondary flaps. 24. Method according to any one of   claims 19 to 23, characterized in that, the   bottom (2) of the inverted tray being perforated, and a space (36) being structurally formed between the internal face (38) of the blank and the external peripheral edge of at least one wall of the tray, heating is carried out by circulating a heat transfer fluid on the film or plastic bag via the bottom openwork and said space.   25. Method according to any one of   claims 19 to 24, characterized in that the 33 2723354   sheet, or bag, of plastic material is attached to the inner peripheral edge of two opposite walls from the tray.   26. Method according to any one of   claims 19 to 25, characterized in that the   sheet, or bag, of plastic material is attached to the outer peripheral edge of two opposite walls from the tray.   27. Device for packaging at least one product of non-specific shape that does not occupy the entire available volume of the packaging, characterized in that it comprises: - means (91) for forming a first assembly (92 ) comprising: 15. a container (93) made of cardboard or corrugated cardboard, and a sheet (94) or a bag of heat-shrinkable plastic glued to the peripheral edges of two opposite walls of the container, - means for moving the first assembly for filling the product (s) (127) to be packaged in the tray, on the plastic film or inside the bag, - means (131) for bringing and pressing on the top of said tray a blank (132) suitable for completely covering the open face of the tray and for at least partially wrapping said tray, to form a second set, - means (136) for turning over said second set of 180 and for holding said products substantially in place when said inversion, the products then resting on the internal face of the blank covering the open face of said tray, while providing a passage to the plastic film to allow it to be heated, 34 2723354   - heating means arranged to retract the film or the bag and press the product (s) on said internal face, - and means for completely closing the blank on the inverted tray and for fixing said blank on said tray by gluing.   28. Device according to claim 27, characterized in that, the means for forming the first assembly comprise means (99, 101) for folding a blank to form the tray and means (113) for bringing and bonding film or bag on the peripheral edges of the tray thus formed. 29. Device according to claim 27, characterized in that the means for forming the first assembly comprise means for bonding the film or the plastic bag to the flat blank intended to form said tray, then means for placing shape of the assembly to obtain said tray internally covered with film by folding.   30. Device according to any one of   claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the   means for bonding the film or the bag to the tray are arranged to adhere said film or said bag to the internal peripheral edges of two walls opposite of the tray.   31. Device according to any one of   claims 27 to 29, characterized in that the   means for bonding the film or the bag to the tray are arranged to adhere said film or said bag to the outer peripheral edges of two walls opposite of the tray.