FR2720445A1 - Device for the recognition of the phase relationship in an internal combustion engine. - Google Patents

Abstract

a) Device for the recognition of the phase relationship in an internal combustion engine. b) Device characterized in that the detection of the phase relationship of the internal combustion engine is performed by means of a segment time comparison, within which the crankshaft rotates at an angle likely to d 'be predefined, while the angles relating to the position of the crankshaft for which the injections are carried out are chosen under conditions likely to be predetermined of the internal combustion engine so that there are changes in the rotational speed which allow an unequivocal detection of the phase relations, while the angular intervals between the sequential injections and the recognized rise in the rotational speed are exploited.

Description

"Device for the recognition of the relationship of the

  its in an internal combustion engine "

State of the art

  The invention relates to a device for recognizing

  of the phase state for the regulation of a motor

  internal combustion with a camshaft and a

  crankshaft whose angular position is determined in accordance

  tinu by means of a detector, with a device

  operating system, which exploits the output signals of the

  tector for determining the angular position and

  for the determination of the speed of rotation, this

  operating system triggering according to the

  gular injection and / or ignition pulses.

  In the case of an internal combustion engine,

  of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine

  with a crankshaft and a camshaft, it is determined by the control unit according to the detected position of the crankshaft or the camshaft when and in which cylinder the fuel must to be injected and when the ignition should be

  sets off. In this case it is customary for the

  the crankshaft shaft is determined using a sensor that explores the crank shaft or

  a disc connected to it and which has a characteristic surface

  tick. Starting from the succession of pulses obtained, the control device can recognize the assignments of angles.

  As the crank shaft makes two turns

  During a cycle of operation, the phase relationship of the

  internal combustion engine can not, however, be de-

  completed unequivocally only by palpations of the crankshaft. For this to be possible, a transmitter disk in connection with the camshaft and which has on its surface a marker, is explored with the aid of a second detector. As the camshaft is only one revolution during one operating cycle, the device

  command can recognize the relationship of the phases of the

  internal combustion engine from the signal delivered by the camshaft sensor with a single pulse per operating cycle, and provide synchronization. A

  such a system is for example described in the German application.

Patent Application P 42 30 616.7.

Advantages of the invention

  The invention relates to a device characterized in that the detection of the phase relationship of the internal combustion engine is carried out by means of a comparison of

  segment time, within which the city tree

  brequin turns from an angle likely to be predefined,

  while the angles relating to the position of the

  of the crankshaft for which the injec-

  tions, are selected under conditions that may be predetermined from the internal combustion engine so

  changes in the rotational speed occur.

  which allows unambiguous detection of phase relationships, while the angular intervals between

  sequential injections and the recognized elevation of

rotational speed are exploited.

  The device according to the invention for recognizing the phase relationship in an internal combustion engine

  has the advantage that no particular phase detector

  bind, so no detector, which explores a rotating disk

  with the camshaft is only used, but only

  sensor that detects the position of the crankshaft.

  This advantage is obtained in that in some

  conditions, the phase relationship is controlled, these conditions

  being constituted advantageously by the reinstatement of

  sequential fuel injection after engine braking. In detail, we determine

  by comparing segments if the increase in

  cylinder rotation speed with separate injection

  in the predictable angular range to conclude that the phase relationship is correct or false, the term time segment meaning the elapsed time while the crankshaft is turning an angle usually

called segment.

  By an advantageous succession of the injection and

  impulse, after switching to engine braking, one can re-

  establish the sequential injection of fuel to arrive at

  smooth control at maximum torque. Advantageously

  tagger, we guarantee the comparison of the time segments

  and multiple protection of the phase

  during a reset operation.

  The device according to the invention can

  advantageously be implemented in a system with detection

  output. The sequential injection of fuel is then implemented immediately at the start of

  corresponding to the memorized output position and the

  mage starts after a satisfactory synchronization of

  the crankshaft therefore after a satisfactory recognition

doing phases.

  The device according to the invention can, however, also be used in other systems in use, in which the phase detector is to be avoided or can then be implemented when a phase detector

existing is failing.

  The device according to the invention can be used

  in a current system without output detection if, at the end of

  There are simultaneous injections leading to the starting of the motor irrespective of the correct phase relationship. Other advantages may be obtained according to other characteristics of the invention: the detection of the phase relations is carried out

  after the completion of a feeding phase and the injection

  sequence of fuel is carried out by reinstating

  SEFI storied; the detection of the phases is carried out starting from the output detection, for which the last position of the crankshaft and / or of the camshaft as well as

  that the phase relationship is stored in the

  operating conditions and are considered correct, and

  that a false phase relation is detected, a new synchronization takes place; the operating device is the control device of the internal combustion engine in which the necessary calculations take place while the measurement values determined at the output are stored; - several times of segments, in which

  produces a combustion, and those in which no

  bustion has occurred, are compared with each other and depending on the result of this comparison phase detection is carried out;

  - phase detection is carried out by comparison

  its individual segment time sound with a segment time

  average the detection of the phases is carried out only under specified conditions, in particular in a range of rotational speeds that can be predefined and for slow modifications of the throttle valve;

  - the process is also used when a

  existing phase detector has failed.

  The present invention will be described hereinafter

  in more detail using alternative embodiments of

  shown in the accompanying drawings in which: - Figure 1 shows schematically, for the

  understanding of the invention, the constituent parts es-

  the control system of an internal combustion engine;

  - Figure 2 shows the correlations between the opening

  intake valve, injection pulses

  and ignitions according to the angle of the crankshaft

Brequin.

Description.

  In Figure 1 are shown diagrammatically

  for the explanation of the invention, the necessary components of the internal combustion engine control system. Reference numeral 10 designates an emitter disk which is rigidly connected to the crankshaft shaft 11 of the engine.

  internal combustion and which has on its periphery a

  angular marks 12 of the same type. Beside these angular marks of the same type 12, there is provided a reference mark 13 which is made for example by the absence

two angular markers.

  A certain number of angular references 12 con-

  respectively hold a segment. The size of a segment or the angular area a on which extends a segment depending on the number n of the cylinders and is 360 / KW / 2n or

well 360 KW * (2 / n).

  The transmitter disk 10 is scanned by a sensor

  14, for example an inductive sensor or by a detection

  Hall, and the signals produced in the sensor when scrolling angular markers are processed so

  appropriate in the control apparatus 15.

  A phase detector provided in the case of

  traditional combustion engines and exploring the camshaft 16 or a disc connected to the camshaft

  my 16 with a tracking, is not necessary in this case.

  The information regarding the phase relationship that is usually obtained from the output signal

  of such a detector, is here obtained by means of the verification

  cation of the phase relationship through a

  staggered amount of fuel injection.

  The control apparatus 15 receives via

  different inputs of other input quantities necessary for the control or regulation of the

  internal combustion and which are measured by different

  detectors. In FIG. 1 these detectors are designated by

  17. Via another entrance is brought a sign

  "ignition on" which is issued when the

  ignition switch 18 from the ignition lock terminal K15, which indicates to the

  the commissioning of the internal combustion engine

  dull. The control apparatus 15 itself comprises at

  least one central processor unit 20 as well as one

  19. In the control apparatus 15 are determined

  signals for injection and ignition for

  corresponding heat, which is not specifically indicated for the internal combustion engine. These signals are delivered via the outputs 21 and 22 of the

order 15.

  The power supply of the communication device

  Mande 15 is usually done using a battery 23, which through a switch 24 is in

  connection with the control device 15 during the function

  of the internal combustion engine as well as during a no-load phase controlled by the control unit itself after stopping the engine. The idling phase can also be carried out by other means, for example by means of a voltage accumulator provided in the control apparatus. In the idling phase, the information still determined after the engine has stopped

  internal combustion are stored, they are immediately

  diatement at the disposal of the control device during the restart of the internal combustion engine. These

  information also includes the latest

  angular positions of the crank shaft or of

  the camshaft as well as information regarding

  identify the last phase relationship.

  With the device shown in FIG.

  position of the crankshaft 11 during the function

  the internal combustion engine can be detected at

  any time. As the correlation between the crankshaft

  quin and the camshaft is also known as well as the

  correlation between the position of the camshaft and the

  the different cylinders, a synchronization can be performed after the detection of the marker, but only when a characteristic signal for the relationship

phases is available.

  In a system that must work without detection

  phase, that is to say without a detector which deter-

  mine the position of the camshaft, there is the problem that the marker signal issued by the sensor of the crankshaft is ambiguous because the crankshaft does

  two laps within a tan operating cycle

  say that the camshaft is only one round. Therefore, on the occasion of the detection of the phase relationship by

  the control device under operating conditions

  determined, in particular after the detection of a

  pure feeding and during the recovery of

  the sequential injection of fuel, this is

  fluent so that in specific circumstances

  it results in changes in rotational speed

  which can be detected by the control unit and used for phase synchronization. The exact way to proceed with this synchronization of phases or for the verification that the phase admitted is correct, must now be specified using

  correlations shown in Figure 2.

  Figure 2 shows the main quantities

  for ignition and injection through

  the crankshaft angle is KW in degrees KW.

  The evolutions of the openings of the intake valve and

  ignitions for a 4-cylinder internal combustion engine

  lindres are then represented in 2a. The following series of cylinders does not correspond to the mechanical arrangement

  of these cylinders but to the succession of ignitions. The

  Figure 2b shows correlations during a recovery from

  ignition for a relation of the phases admitted as

  rectes and Figure 2c shows the same state of affairs for a recovery of ignition in the case of a relationship of false phases and the new synchronization coming next.

  In detail, the meanings are the following:

  : LWOT1 is the moment at which the cylinder 1 is in what is called the upper dead center of the change of load. ZOT1 denotes the top dead center of the cylinder at which ignition occurs. The triggering of the ignition is symbolized by the arrow 25 in FIG. 2. The range 26 designates respectively a range in which an intake valve is open while the injection pulses are designated by 27. The ranges 27a on which the injection pulses are not

  triggered are dotted. Respectively after one year

  720 KW, so after a cycle of operation is

  reported a vertical line. EE and ES are abbreviations

  for first injection and first synchronization.

  EEvES mean first injection before first synchro-

  nization. 1. Zykl, 2. Zykl, designate the first, the second cycle. With the device shown in FIG. 1 as well as with the correlations indicated in FIG.

  The method described below can be implemented.

  In a system with output detection, in which so after stopping the internal combustion engine

  the last angular positions of the crankshaft

  or both the camshaft and the phase relationships in the control unit 15 are stored,

  the sequential fuel injection starts immediately

  at the start correspondingly to the stored output position. The first ignitions begin after

  a successful synchronization of the city tree

  Brequin. If, in infrequent cases, the position of

  output is wrong, starting the internal combustion engine

  dull occurs with a relationship of the phases of the injection

  offset by 360 KW, which does not lead to any

  significant limitation of start-up behavior and

  post-start behavior This is valid for all

  systems that operate with a high tensile

  rotating or stationary with double-spark coils,

  which fulfill their role without cylinder detection.

  In the case of a fixed high-voltage distribution with single-spark coils the operation should be double-fired up to the first check of

  possible phase, so that for each upper dead center

  (ZOT, LWOT) an ignition is triggered. He is also

  possible to perform at the start of simultaneous injections that are independent of the correct relationship

phases.

  In the case of the now described verification of the phase relationship by the sequential sequential establishment of the fuel injection (SEFI recovery) it is possible, without any damage to the engine speed or the driving behavior to obtain phase verification. It may be taken into account for injection

  that a succession of injections is chosen which guarantees

  feel that in a single engine cycle one of the two cylinders

  is injected. The following fuel combustion must be

  in the same segment of the crankshaft

  a. In Figure 2a is shown such

  succession for a four-cycle internal combustion engine

  lindres. The numbers correspond in a simplified way not

  not to the ignition sequence but to the chronological succession

logic.

  The staged recovery SEFI is performed after it has been recognized by the control unit 15 that

  feeding phase is over. The power cut

  in the case of the systems put in place today.

  generally for a reduced load and is de-

  switched off and terminated by the control device. 15. The success

  injection transfer therefore begins for example according to Figure 2a from the recovery condition detected with

  cylinder 1. The succession is then: 1-4-2-3-4-1-2-3-

  4 ... Other successions, also for any number of cylinders, are conceivable. They must be chosen so that they ensure as smooth as possible couples formation so that after the re-establishment of the injections a transition

optimal.

  Figure 2b shows the correlations

  at the time of the fuel injection

  for a relation of the phases admitted as being correct.

  The ranges with a recognized power cut are designated S and the range in which the recovery

  injection is presented as W. These correlates

  are valid when the relationship of the memory phases

  after the output detection did not improve.

  Figure 2c shows the correlations during

  that starting from the output detection starts with a relation of the false phases. Synchronization is necessary. After synchronization, the correct phase relationship is detected and the sequential fuel injections are optimally performed. The possibility of recognizing whether the injection takes place in a correct or false phase relation is obtained by a comparison of the specific segment times of the cylinders. It is

  then monitored by the control apparatus 15 when over-

  come the boosts of the rotational speed

settling.

  As a specific segment time of cylinders

  dres are the times that elapse while the crankshaft rotates at an angle a which corresponds to a segment. In the control unit 15 these times are

  determined routinely and compared with each other.

  A first type of phase verification can, as shown in FIG. 2, be carried out by exploiting the offset of the increase in the speed of

  rotation with respect to the injection made, in combination

  sound with a big shift in front of the injection. It must be understood by shifting forward an angle whose injection is shifted. If the rotational speed increases are as in Figure 2b, for the selected forward shift, only in the 720 KW segment after the injections, the phase relationship is correct. However, if it is performed as in FIG. 2c already in the 360 KW segment after injection, the phase relationship is false. Another type of phase verification, which can be carried out alternatively or in addition, is

  that an increase in the speed of rotation of a cy-

  injected liner must always be located after ignition OT. Thus, it can for example be noted in the case of the example according to Figure 2c that the first increase in rotational speed resulting from the first injections of the injection valve EV1, must be after the upper dead point of ignition 1 and does not correspond to the upper dead center of ignition 1 (false) used for the calculation of the shift forward. This type of verification of

  phases can be performed for any forward shift

  than. By comparing several correct (injected) and incorrectly executed operating segment times

  protection can be achieved. A falling speed of speed

  tation, in particular for an internal combustion engine

  coupled, can be accounted for by the formation of the average evolution of the segment time on the whole course of the recovery and the related difference

different segment times.

  After a false phase relationship has been

  noticed and that a new synchronization can be

  taken by the control unit and the phase to be

  360 KW. In this case different evolutions of

* Sequential fuel injection are conceivable.

  In the case of the example shown in Figure 2c, after

  the second cycle of the internal combustion engine

  from the beginning of the restoration of food

  tion, synchronization is performed. All synchronizations that could have occurred earlier in the case of a correct phase relationship are then deposited in parallel. Then the injections occur

  according to the correct angular positions of the tree of

lebrequin.

  To minimize a disruption of seg-

  cylinder fuel filling changes, phase verification may be limited to

  process of restoration of the diet, which are de-

  triggered by the passage below the rotation speed

  restoration or, in addition, by slow changes in the throttle valve, thus a slack recovery of the feed. In the latter case a limitation on the rotational speed zone is also necessary in which still sufficient moments intervene and thus changes in the speed of rotation.

segment time.

  The cylinder recognition described with staged SEFI restores can be implemented in a system without an output-output camshaft detector. However, it is also possible for such cylinder recognition to be carried out additionally, while for conventional detector systems

  Phases phase recognition takes place in

  both the phase detector signal and phase recognition using the power recovery is

  only implemented for the verification of the rela-

  phase recognition thus recognized. He can then in the case

  failure of the phase detector during operation.

  be immediately activated a march of de-

braided.

Claims (7)

R E V E N D I C A T I 0 N S   1- Device for regulating a motor   internal combustion with a camshaft and a   crankshaft whose angular position is determined in accordance   tinu by means of a detector, with a device   operating system, which exploits the output signals of the   tector for determining the angular position and   for the determination of the speed of rotation, this   operating system triggering according to the   gular injection and / or ignition pulses,   characterized in that the detection of the relationship of   its internal combustion engine is carried out by means of   a comparison of segment time, within   which the crank shaft rotates by a predefined angle, while the angles relating to the   position of the crankshaft for which   injections, are chosen under the conditions   can be predetermined from the internal combustion engine so that changes in the   rotational speed which allows unambiguous detection   than phase relations, while the intervals   angles between sequential injections and elevation   recognized speed of rotation are exploited.   2- Device according to claim 1 characterized in that the detection of phase relationships is carried out   after the completion of a feeding phase and the injection   sequence of fuel is carried out by reinstating SEFI storied.   3- Device according to claim 1 or the re-   claim 2, characterized in that the phase detection is carried out starting from the output detection, for which the last position of the crankshaft and / or the camshaft and the relation of the phases are stored in the operating device and are considered correct, and when a phase relationship   false is detected, a new synchronization is kill.   4- Device according to one of the preceding claims   characterized in that the operating device is the control device of the internal combustion engine   in which the necessary calculations take place   say that the measurement values determined at the output are stored.   Device according to one of the preceding claims   characterized in that several segment times, in which combustion has occurred, and those in which no combustion has occurred, are compared with each other and as a function of the result of this comparison.   phase detection is carried out.   6- Device according to one of the preceding claims   characterized in that phase detection is   done by comparing individual segment time with an average segment time.   7- Device according to one of claims 1 to 6   characterized in that the phase detection is carried out only under specified conditions, in particular in a   speed range that can be predefined   and for slow changes in the choke valve is lying.   8- Device according to one of the preceding claims   characterized in that the process is also   read when an existing phase detector fails.