FR2719365A1 - System for supplying individual apartments with hot water and heat energy in a dwelling house. - Google Patents

Abstract

From a rising pipe (1) for cold water, connecting pipes (1a) lead to the individual apartments. A supply line (2) is connected to the district heating (AC) supply line of a supplying company. The supply pipe (2) takes the form of a rising pipe, from which, towards the individual apartments (I, II, ... n), connecting pipes (2a) each fitted with a metering device (3). The connection pipe (2a) communicates on the one hand with the heating (9) of the apartment and on the other hand with a continuous flow water heater (4) to produce domestic hot water. If necessary, a heat exchanger (5) makes it possible to decouple in pressure the riser pipe (2) and the heating device of the apartment (I, II, ... n). Each apartment (I, II, ... n) is assigned a cold water meter and a heating consumption meter. Use to count the actual water and heating consumption with precision for each apartment.

Description

- l - "System for supplying individual apartments with hot water

  and in heat energy in a dwelling house ".

DESCRIPTION

  The present invention relates to a system for supplying individual apartments with hot water and heat energy in a dwelling house, comprising a riser pipe for cold water, from which connection lines go to individual apartments, and a supply line which is connected to the heating supply line

  of a supplying company.

  In multi-family buildings, which are connected to the municipal district heating network, the production of hot water for the collective heating circuit and for sanitary water is carried out centrally, for example in the cellar of the building. From this place the heated water is led to the consumption points in the individual apartments. To maintain the hot water at a certain temperature it is necessary to provide circulation pipes, so that the water

  can be continuously heated in a heater

central storage water.

  The energy costs needed to heat the sanitary water can be measured, and the energy costs for heating the entire dwelling house using one or two central metering devices. A breakdown for apartments

  Individuals are then made in different ways.

  The calculation of heating costs is generally calculated at the rate of 50% on the basis of the floor area of each apartment and the other half on the basis of evaporation appliances, called heating cost allocators, which are installed on each individual radiator. This, of course, therefore only allows a cost sharing according to the heat cost allocators, but in no case a calculation based on the actual energy consumption of the individual apartment. The counting of hot water is generally done by volumetric meters, assigned to each dwelling unit. But these volumetric meters measure not the energy used for the heating of

  water, but only the amount of water withdrawn.

  The problem is that we start by determining or measuring the total heat energy consumption for hot water, then we establish the statement in cubic meters of the individual apartment, and finally we convert this share into a fraction of the energy

  total provided by district heating.

  During invoicing, it is impossible to proceed by measure to a direct and exact allocation of the price, because of the structures and apparatuses

necessary annexes.

  From the problem raised, the object of the invention is to improve the known system for supplying hot water and heat energy to individual dwelling units in a dwelling house, to enable the individual consumption of the dwelling to be determined.

  simple, inexpensive way, and by real measure.

  According to the invention, the system is characterized in that the district heating supply pipe takes the form of a riser pipe, from which connection lines go to the individual flats, a counting device being integrated into each duct. connection, in front of the metering device the connecting pipe is in connection with a continuous flow water heater, the cold water is fed to the continuous flow water heater through an additional connecting pipe coming from the rising pipe of cold water or connecting pipe, a hot water pipe runs from the continuous flow water heater to each point of consumption, the connection pipe to the district heating is in -3 - connection with the heating system of the apartment, and to each apartment is assigned a device of

  counting for the amount of cold water supplied.

  When the district heating comes under high pressure (6 to 16 bar), and no high-pressure radiator is provided in the apartments, or for more security, the connection pipe in district heating is linked to the heating system. heating of

  the apartment preferably by a heat exchanger.

  With this arrangement, the domestic hot water and the heating water of the apartment are distributed in a decentralized manner and by counting. Thanks to the built-in metering device in the individual connection to the district heating pipe, the energy consumption in district heating can be determined in a completely independent way, whether it is used for heating or for heating the heating system. sanitary water. As each apartment is also assigned a measuring device for cold water, we can also determine the individual water consumption, without having to distinguish between hot and cold water. With the counting of cold water we can also perform

  simultaneously the counting of wastewater.

  In parts of the circuit with little charge, it is possible thanks to the system according to the invention to give up to a large extent the short circuits of the supplying company for the adjustment of the flows applied, because the continuous flow water heater itself, or small shortcuts on the device, take care of this

function.

  In addition, the system according to the invention has the possibility, according to the laws and decrees, to count down by a real measure the sanitary water in the apartments. In addition, the circulation pipes associated with the centralized production of hot water, and necessary to maintain a certain temperature,

are eliminated.

  -4- By the use of a continuous flow water heater the risk of legionnaire's disease is eliminated because Legionellae pneumophilae can not develop in an uninterrupted flow-through continuous flow water heater. Instead of a continuous flow water heater, it is also possible to provide a heat exchanger with a small water heater. The direct measurement of the consumption of cold water makes it possible to discount water savings, since a reduction in consumption benefits exclusively the concerned occupant. The determination of the consumption of hot and cold water as well as heat energy can be done exclusively by counting devices. There is no

no need for additional structures.

  Preferably, the connecting lines, the continuous flow water heater, the heat exchanger which is

  possibly to predict and the counting devices.

  These units can be located outside the apartments, as are electricity meters.

  already planned outside the apartments.

  The meters in this unit are accessible to the supplying company, without having to enter each apartment. Therefore, the meter reading is possible even in the absence of the customer. One can likewise carry out the repairs, the changes of meters and every 5 or 6 years the indispensable recertifications of the counters, without having to penetrate

in the living quarters.

  The counting devices may preferably be connected to a single indicating device, which serves to alternately display the quantity of each supply that has been taken. In this way the conditions for a rational telecollection of the values are further improved.

of consumption.

  The invention will be described below more precisely by means of a drawing, which represents

  schematically the system according to the invention.

  In a dwelling house are planned several apartments I, II, ... n. The house has a district heating supply and drinking water supply, both provided by a local supplying company. The cold water pipe 1 connected to the drinking water pipe of the supplying company takes the form of a rising pipe. Cold water connection pipes go from the cold water pipe 1 to each apartment I, II, n. The connecting pipe leads it to a transfer station 8. In the transfer station 8, a counting device 6 is integrated in the connecting pipe 1a. The counting device 6 may be a conventional mechanical volumetric meter or an electronic counting device. Downstream of the counting device 6, the cold water connection line leads it into the apartment I, II, n; between the flat I, II, n and the counting device 6, an additional connecting line 1b is connected to a continuous flow water heater 4, in which the domestic water is heated. The hot water pipe lc then leads the continuous flow water heater 4 in each apartment I, II, n to the corresponding consumption stations not shown in more detail here. Instead of a continuous flow water heater 4, it is also possible to provide a heat exchanger with a small water heater 10, which as a general rule is

made in one piece.

  The arrival of the district heating pipe takes the form of a rising pipe 2 as well as the return takes the form of a rising pipe 7. To the rising pipe 2 are connected to each apartment I, II, n pipes 2a, which also lead to the transfer station 8 and from there again to the return riser 7. The connecting pipe 2a, as shown in the drawing of the apartment I, is in connection with the heating system 9. In the return of the connecting pipe 2a is integrated a metering device 3, with which the energy consumed in district heating is measured. The connecting pipe 2a also leads to the continuous flow water heater 4 for heating the sanitary water. From the continuous flow water heater 4, the pipe leads to the rising pipe 7

  through the counting device 3.

  If the district heating is supplied under high pressure, that is to say in a range between 6 and 16 bars, and no high-pressure radiator is provided in the apartment, or for reasons of safety forbid introducing high-pressure district heating into the apartment, an additional heat exchanger 5 communicating with the heating system 9 may be integrated into the connecting pipe 2a as shown in the drawing of the apartment II. The water for heating is then heated in this heat exchanger 5. From the heat exchanger 5, the connecting pipe 2a returns to the riser 7, as previously described by the

counting device 3.

  The transfer station 8 may be in the form of a cabinet, so that it can be delivered and connected to the fully pre-assembled state. The counting devices 3, 6 may be provided with a single indicating device, which is switchable on that consumptions that it is desired to be displayed at a given time. 7-

Claims (10)

  1. System for supplying individual apartments with hot water and heat energy in a dwelling house, comprising a rising pipe (1) for cold water, from which connection lines (1a) to the units of individual dwelling, and a supply line (2), which is connected to the district heating supply line (AC) of a supplying company, characterized in that: - the supply line (2) takes the as a riser, from which connection lines (2a) go to the individual apartments (I, II, ... n), a counting device (3) being integrated in each connecting line (2a); - In front of the counting device (3) the connecting pipe (2a) is connected with a continuous flow water heater (4); the cold water is fed to the continuous flow water heater (4) via a connecting pipe (1b) coming from the riser pipe (1) or the connecting pipe (1a); - a hot water pipe (lc) goes from the continuous flow water heater (4) to the various points of consumption; - The connecting pipe (2a), in front of the counting device (3), is connected to the heating system (9) of the apartment (I, II, ... n); and - at each apartment (I, II, ... n) is assigned a counting device (6) for   the amount of cold water brought.   2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the determination of consumption of hot and cold water and heat energy is made   exclusively by counting devices (3, 6).   3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting pipes (la, lb, 2a), the continuous flow water heater (4), the heat exchanger (5) and the counting devices (3). , 6) are   spatially grouped into a unit (8).   4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that instead of a continuous flow water heater (4) there is provided a heat exchanger with a small water heater (10).   5. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting pipe (2a) is connected to the heating system (9) by means of a heat exchanger. heat (5).   6. System according to claim 3, characterized in that the grouped unit (8) is placed outside the apartment (I, II, ... n) as a control station. transfer.   7. Transfer station for a system for supplying individual apartments with hot and cold water and heat energy in a dwelling house, comprising: a) a continuous flow water heater (4) having a respective branch for cold water and for district heating as well as a hot water outlet; b) a connection for connecting the district heating pipe (2, 2a) with the heating system (9) of the apartment; c) counting devices (3, 6) for the supplied cold water and for the energy provided district heating.   Transfer station according to Claim 7, characterized in that a heat exchanger (5) is provided with a connection for district heating and a connection connection with the heating system (9). of the appartment.   Transfer station according to claim 7, characterized in that instead of a continuous flow water heater (4) there is provided a heat exchanger. with a small water heater (10).   Transfer station according to Claim 7, characterized in that the counting devices (3, 6) are connected to a single indicating device for the alternating display of the heat energy and the heat transfer. amount of water used.