FR2766761A1 - HEATING AND / OR AIR CONDITIONING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A heating and / or air conditioning device (1) for regulating the temperature of a vehicle interior comprises a cowling (2) with a heat exchanger providing heating (4) and an air mixing chamber (9) . In the air mixing chamber (9) there are outlet openings (10, 11, 12) from which air ducts (10 ', 11', 12 ') lead to different emission openings in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. Between the heat exchanger providing heating (4) and the outlet openings (10, 1 1, 12) is arranged additional heating (13). There is provided a bypass (8) which bypasses the heat exchanger providing heating (4) and that an element (5) for controlling the air flow can block and another bypass (8), with an element ( 9) for controlling the air flow which is arranged there, corresponds to the additional heating (13).

Description

HEATING AND / OR

AIR CONDITIONER

  The invention relates to a heating and / or air conditioning device for regulating the temperature of a passenger compartment of a vehicle, preferably in a motor vehicle, comprising a casing in which is arranged a heat exchanger providing heating and is formed a air chamber, as well as air ducts which are connected to air chamber outlet openings and lead to emission openings located in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, as well as an additional heater disposed between the heat exchanger providing heating and outlet openings. From document US-PS 5 239 163, there is known, for a motor vehicle, a heating device which has a cover with a heat exchanger, providing heating, which

  is arranged as well as an electric heater arranged behind.

  The heat exchanger ensuring the heating is traversed by the coolant of the engine and transfers the thermal energy of this coolant to the air flow which arrives on the heat exchanger. If more heating is required, or in the vehicle start-up phase, while the engine coolant is too low for vehicle heating, electric heating is activated so that the flow air warms up there then passes into the passenger compartment

  vehicle by suitable air ducts.

  It is also known to use electric heating devices to heat a flow of desorption air. There is simply passed through the electric heating device a partial air flow, namely that which is necessary for the desorption of an adsorbed product, it being specified that to distribute or determine the direction of the corresponding air flows are provided with air flow control elements. Such a device is described in the

document DE 43 04 077 A 1.

  The present invention aims to create a heating and / or air conditioning device, of the type described at the start, with which

  the feeling of well-being of the occupants of the vehicle increases.

  This object is achieved by means of a heating and / or air conditioning heating and / or air conditioning device for regulating the temperature of a vehicle interior, preferably in a motor vehicle, comprising a cowling in which is disposed. a heat exchanger providing heating and an air chamber is formed, as well as air ducts which are connected to outlet openings of the air chamber and lead to emission openings located in the passenger compartment of the vehicle , as well as an additional heating arranged between the heat exchanger ensuring the heating and the outlet openings, characterized in that in the casing is provided a bypass which bypasses the heat exchanger ensuring the heating and that an element air flow control valve can be closed, so that the proportion of air flowing respectively through the bypass and the heat exchanger providing heating is adjustable and comprising a another bypass which bypasses the additional heating and that a second element of

  air flow control can release or block.

  The essential advantages of the invention must be seen in the fact that each time, both through the heat exchanger providing heating and through the heating device placed behind, only the proportion of the air flow which must be heated there, so that the heating devices forming the flow resistance, namely heat exchanger and additional heating, do not permanently receive the entire air flow. In addition, it is possible to obtain in the cover a tangle of the temperature profile, namely by means of the cold air arriving in the air mixing chamber by the bypass as well as hot air heated in the 'heat exchanger providing heating and possibly further in additional heating. The pressure losses are reduced, it being specified that by means of the bypass which can be controlled, it is also possible to obtain a temperature profile by which one can send to the various emission nozzles located in the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

  air of a certain temperature level.

  The space required can be reduced by the fact that the additional heating has a front surface, on which the air arrives, substantially smaller than that of the heat exchanger providing the heating. Such a structure regarding the size of the additional heating is sufficient in many cases because by means of the additional heating one simply has to raise the air flow to a higher temperature level, already

  heated in the heat exchanger providing heating.

  As long as there is sufficient space, additional heating can be achieved with a corresponding larger front surface. This leads to a decrease in pressure and offers the possibility of better thermal power. It is the dimensions, in section, of the bypass and the additional heating which together determine the air temperature and the air distribution, so that a plurality of variants are possible as a result of the

constructive design.

  The air flow control elements can be produced in the form of pivoting flaps, the number of flaps to be used depends on the existing space as well as on the comfort relating to the adjustment of the temperature of the various air flows. Instead of pivoting shutters, louvers can also be provided, which is particularly recommended in the case of rollovers in

  which we only have a small place.

  The arrangement of the outlet openings for the air ducts, each connected to the cowling and leading to the different emission nozzles in the passenger compartment of the vehicle is such that, in the case of different partial air flows in the cowling or in the air mixing chamber, preferably air flows of a different temperature level are sent to different emission openings. For this reason it is recommended to have the outlet opening for the air emitted near the feet on the downstream side of the additional heater and close to it. In this way it is the partial air flow having the highest temperature level that is sent in the vehicle, to the nozzles located near the feet. Relatively warm air should also be supplied to the defrost nozzles located below the windshield, the temperature level may be slightly lower than that of the air emitted near the feet. The outlet opening for the defrost air is therefore arranged behind the outlet opening for the air emitted near the feet, seen in the direction of the flow of the air which leaves the additional heating. The outlet opening for the air duct leading to the central nozzles is located in an area of the cowling in which, the bypass of the heating heat exchanger being open, flows cold air which does not not mix, or only partially, with hot air, so that at the middle nozzles cooler air comes out than at the nozzles

  defrost and nozzles located near the feet.

  The embodiments of the invention are explained in detail below using the drawing. In the drawing: - Figure i is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of the cowling of an air conditioning installation of a motor vehicle, - Figure 2 shows a heating device with elements for controlling the flow of air produced in the form of louvers, - Figure 3 shows an air conditioning system as

  variant of FIG. 2.

  FIG. 1 represents a longitudinal section of an air conditioning device 1 comprising a cowling 2 in which, relative to the direction L of air flow, is firstly arranged an evaporator 3. The evaporator 3 is part of 'a refrigeration installation which is not shown in the drawing. In the casing 2 is also arranged a heat exchanger ensuring the heating 4 only in case

  if necessary, the air flow leaving the evaporator 3 can pass through.

  Between the heat exchanger providing heating 4 and the evaporator 3 is an element 5 for controlling the air flow in the form of a flap 7 pivoting about a pivot axis 6. Depending on each time the angle pivot point, this component 7 is used to prescribe the proportion of the air flow which passes through the heat exchanger providing heating 4 or bypass 8 which bypasses the heat exchanger

heat for heating 4.

  FIG. 1 represents the element 5 for controlling the air flow in the position in which the entire air flow passes through the bypass 8, that is to say that the proportion of the air passing through the heat exchanger providing heating 4 is 0%. In dashed lines is shown the other end position of the flap 7 in which there is no air passing through the bypass 8 and the entire air flow passes through the heat exchanger providing heating. 4. Downstream of the bypass 8 is located in the casing 2 an air mixing chamber 9 having several outlet openings, 11, 12 to which the air ducts 10 ', 11', 12 'are connected. The air duct 10 'leads to the defrost nozzles located below the windshield of the motor vehicle, the air duct 12' leads to the central nozzles which are mainly arranged in the area of the dashboard and the duct 'air 11' leads to the nozzles located near the feet. The corresponding air flows are designated by the LD mark for the defrost air, LF for the air emitted near the feet and LM

  for the air emitted to the middle nozzles.

  Downstream of the heat exchanger providing the heating 4 is arranged, at a determined distance, an additional heating 13 whose front surface which receives the air is substantially less than

  that of the heat exchanger providing heating 4.

  Immediately, in front of the additional heater 13 is an element 14 for controlling the air flow in the form of a flap 16 which can pivot around a pivot axis 15 and which, in the position shown, completely covers the heater additional 13. In the other end position, shown in dashed lines, the flap 16 bears against the wall of the cowling 2 and therefore completely frees the passage of air through the heating.

additional 13.

  Next to the additional heating is formed a bypass 18 that an air flow control element 19, in the form of a flap 21 which can pivot around a pivot axis 20, can close or release. In Figure 1, the indicator 21 is shown in the position completely closing the bypass 18, the other end position is indicated by a dashed line. When the air flow control elements 5, 14 and 19 take the position indicated in FIG. 1, the supplied air flow L cools in the evaporator 3 and, downstream, passes entirely through the bypass 8 to come into the mixing chamber 9. Because no portion of the air flow passes through the heat exchanger providing heating 4, it is exclusively cold air flows which pass through the air ducts

', 11', 12 '.

  Insofar as it is necessary to raise the temperature level for the defrost air LD, for the air emitted near the feet LF or for the air emitted at the middle nozzles LM, the flow control element 4 is passed air in another position and this by pivoting the flap 7 around the pivot axis 6, continuous pivoting is as well possible as an adjustment being made in steps of a given pivot angle. Therefore a certain proportion of the total air flow L passes through the heat exchanger providing heating 4 and heats up there. By operating the air flow control element 5, the air flow control element 19 is also moved so that the bypass 18 is released. In this way, the air heated in the heat exchanger providing heating 4 reaches the air mixing chamber 9 where it mixes with the portion of cold air which has reached the

  air mixing chamber 9 by bypass 8.

  Due to the fact that the flow of hot air and the flow of cold air have different flow rates and velocity vectors, the temperature profile is entangled so that at the outlet openings 10, 11 there is a level of temperature a little higher than at the outlet opening 12. In this way, it is possible to bring near the feet or the defrost nozzles air hotter than that emitted to the middle nozzles located on the dashboard. As far as o, at low outside temperature, hot air must be sent to all the outlet nozzles located in the passenger compartment, the flap 7 of the air fluid control element 5 assumes the position shown in dashed in Figure 1. As a result, the bypass 8 is completely closed and it is the entire air flow L, not cooled in this case in the evaporator 3 as a result of the inactivation of the cooling circuit, which arrives on the heat exchanger ensuring lc heating 4. It is therefore exclusively hot air which arrives in the air mixing chamber 9 and it is hot air which is sent into the passenger compartment of the vehicle through the three outlet openings 10, 11, 12. Insofar as the thermal power of the heat exchanger 4 ensuring the heating is not sufficient to bring to the nozzles located near the feet and / or the defrost nozzles of air at the temperature level necessary, for example to remove the ice from the windshield, by rotating the flap 16 around the pivot axis 15, the passage of the air flow through the additional heating 13 is freed. In the additional heating 13, which is preferably an electric heating comprising several elements with a positive temperature coefficient , the air flow leaving the heat exchanger providing heating 4 is brought to a higher temperature level, it being specified that, due to the position of the outlet openings 10 and 11, these are air flows of a higher temperature level which exit by the air ducts 10 ', 11' than by the air duct 12 'in which the air temperature is

  a few degrees K lower than in the air ducts 10 ', 1 1'.

  By placing the element 19 for controlling the air flow in the position shown in dotted lines and simultaneously opening the passage through the additional heating 13, it is possible to obtain that the air flow supplied, in the additional electric heating 13, to a higher temperature level, passes mainly in the air duct 1 1 'through the outlet opening 11, so that the air LF emitted near the feet is a few degrees K warmer than the defrost air LD which arrives at the defrost nozzles through the air duct

10 '.

  FIG. 2 represents the section of a heating device 25 which comprises a casing 26 with a fresh air duct 27 and outlet openings 10, 11 and 12. The outlet openings 10, 11 and 12 correspond to those of FIG. 1 and therefore have a similar configuration and a similar position in the air mixing chamber 9. Similarly, the arrangement of the heat exchanger providing the heating 4 and of the additional heating 13 correspond substantially to that already described for the Figure 1. Unlike Figure 1, the heat exchanger providing heating 4 and the bypass 8 each have, in the embodiment of Figure 2, elements 5 and 17 for controlling the separate air flow , the air flow control element 17 extending transversely over the entire width of the bypass 8. As in the embodiment already described above, the air flow control elements 14 and 18 serve to the command respe air passage through the additional heating

13 or bypass 18.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 2, all the elements, 14, 17 and 19 for controlling the air flow are designed in the form of blinds 31, 32, 33 and 34 made up of several different lamellae, which can take a simultaneous movement. The arrangement of these louvers has the advantage that no space is required for the pivoting area of the flaps. The operating mode of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 2 corresponds

  to that of Figure 1 so that we give up the description which

the concerned.

  FIG. 3 represents an alternative embodiment of FIG. 2 which is distinguished not only by the arrangement of the evaporator 3 at the air inlet of a cowling 28 but above all by the position and / or the ratios dimension of a heat exchanger providing heating 29 and additional heating 30 as well as bypass 8 and 18. As can be seen in FIG. 3, a heat exchanger providing heating 29 and additional heating 30 are made so that their front surface on which the air arrives is of roughly identical size. The louvers 33 and 34 form a certain angle between them, which results from the position of the additional heating 30. In addition, in FIG. 3, the bypass 8, which bypasses the heat exchanger ensuring the heating 29 is, in section , significantly larger than in the figures previously described. In the air mixing chamber 9 placed downstream of the bypass 8 and the heat exchanger providing heating 29 or additional heating 30, the outlet openings 10, 11, 12 are again provided for the air ducts. 10 ',

  11i ', 12' arranged correspondingly.

Claims (11)

  1. A heating and / or air conditioning device for regulating the temperature of a passenger compartment of a vehicle, preferably in a motor vehicle, comprising a cowling (2, 26, 28) in which a heat exchanger (4, 29) providing heating and an air chamber (9) is formed, as well as air ducts (10 ', 11', 12 ') which are connected to outlet openings of the air chamber (9) and lead to emission openings located in the passenger compartment of the vehicle, as well as an additional heater (13, 30) arranged between the heat exchanger (4, 29) providing heating and the outlet openings (10, 11 , 12), characterized in that in the casing (2, 26, 28) is provided a bypass (8) which bypasses the heat exchanger (4, 29) providing heating and that a control element (5 , 17) of the air flow can be closed, so that the proportion of air flowing through the bypass (8) and the heat exchanger respectively t the heating is adjustable and includes another bypass (18) which bypasses the additional heating (13, 30) and which a second control element (19) of the air flow can release or shut off.   2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional heating (13) has a front surface, on which the air arrives, substantially weaker than that of the heat exchanger (4) ensuring the heater.   3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the path of the air flow, in front of the heat exchanger (4, 29) providing heating and in front of the corresponding bypass (8) are whenever planned elements   control (5, 17) of the separate air flow.   4. Device according to one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that on the path of the air flow, in front of the additional heating (13, 30) and the corresponding bypass (8) are each time provided with control elements (14, 19) of the separate air flows.   5. Device according to one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the control elements (5, 19) of the   air flows are produced in the form of pivoting flaps (7, 21).   6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,   characterized by the fact that the control elements (5, 14, 17, 19) of the air flow are produced in the form of louvers (31, 32, 33, 34).   7. Device according to one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that the additional heater (13, 30) is an electric heater preferably comprising   several elements with a positive temperature coefficient.   8. Device according to one of the preceding claims,   characterized in that downstream of the heat exchanger (4, 29) providing heating and of the bypass (8, 18) is formed a chamber (9) of air mixture in which, after adjustment of the elements of control (5, 14, 17, 19) of the air flow three air flows arrive at different temperatures and that in this chamber (9)   air outlets are arranged the outlet openings (10, 11, 12).   9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that in the cover (2, 26, 28) are provided an outlet opening (12) for an air duct (12 ') leading to the median nozzles, an opening of outlet (10) for an air duct (10 ') leading to the defrost nozzles and an outlet opening (11) for an air duct (11) leading to the nozzles located near the feet.   10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the outlet opening (11) for the air (LF) emitted near the feet is arranged near the outlet of the heater additional (13, 30).   11. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the outlet opening (10) for the defrosting air (LD) is arranged behind the outlet opening (11) of the air emitted near the feet, seen in the direction of the air flow leaving the additional heating (13, 30).