FR2761276A1 - WHEELED SKATE WITH BRAKING SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

Roller skate (25) comprising a frame (3) equipped with aligned wheels (4, 5, 6, 7) on which is adapted to be fixed a shoe (16) provided with a collar (10) at least partially pivoting on a shell base (11) and being provided with a braking system (20) having a brake element support (21) (22) mounted at the rear of said frame (3), close to the rear wheel (4) .It is characterized by the fact that at least one wheel (5, 6, 7) placed in front of the rear wheel (4) is made vertically movable relative to the frame (3) and by the fact that actuating means (23), carried by the frame (3) and subject to the pivoting of the collar (10) of the boot (16) in the antero-posterior direction, are able to cause the vertical displacement of the mobile wheel (5 , 6, 7) on the side of the rolling zone of the shoe (10) by placing it projecting relative to the others from a determined angular position of the collar (10) of the shoe (16) relative to the base hull (11). The invention aims to allow the braking consecutively to the effective taking of support on one of the front wheels of the skate without loss of support on the rear wheel.

Description

!

  Roller skate with braking system.

  The present invention relates to a roller skate of the in-line wheel type comprising a chassis fitted with aligned wheels on which is adapted to be fixed a shoe provided with a collar at least partially swiveling on a shell base and relates to a system. brake pad. The known braking systems of roller skates of the in-line wheel type, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 4 appended, most often consist of a braking element 1 which is fixed on a support 2 at the rear of the chassis. 3 just next to the rear wheel 4 and the user rubs against the ground 8 to reduce his speed; for this purpose, the braking element 1 generally consists of a material which has both a high coefficient of friction and a certain resistance to abrasion,

  for example rubber or composite materials based on rubber and / or plastic.

  According to the first known embodiment of these inline skates shown in Figures 1 and 2, the support 2 of the braking element 1 is stationary relative to the chassis 3 equipped with the wheels 4, 5, 6 and 7. In this configuration, the user is capable of implementing the braking system 15 by tilting the pad 15 on the rear, designated as a whole with the shoe 16 comprising a

  collar 10 and a shell base 11, so that the braking element 1 comes into contact with the ground 8.

  As is evident from the evidence, the user is therefore obliged to raise the front 9 of the pad with which he wants to brake and to maintain it in this oblique position by using the rear wheel 4 as a fulcrum which reduces considerably the length of contact and support of said pad with the ground 2 O thereby increasing directional instability; in fact, in such a position, the shoe no longer bears on the ground 8 except at two contact and support points which are very close together since they are provided by the braking element 1 and by the rear wheel 4 which are arranged a short distance from each other; we also note that these contact and support points 1 and 4 are located in the extreme zone

rear of chassis 3 of said pad.

  2 5 The implementation of such a braking system therefore requires some experience on the part of the user because he must keep his balance first of all when tilting backwards the skate he wants use to brake and then during the actual braking phase despite the directional and longitudinal instability of said pad which ensues. We understand that this way of acting is very difficult for a roller skate user who is just starting out and who does not already dare

  3 O alternately lift your feet during the actual skating for fear of losing your balance.

  According to the other known embodiment of in-line skates illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 and as described for example in patent EP 585,764, the support 2 of the braking element 1 is movable relative to the chassis 3 equipped with wheels 4, 5, 6 and 7 and its mobility is subject to the pivoting of the shoe collar relative to the shell base 11, and therefore relative to the chassis 3, by

  3 5 I'intermediate a transmission element 12 interposed between said support 2 and collar 10.

  As regards leaving the collar 10 sufficient freedom of pivoting to allow normal flexion of the ankle of the user from front to back, during skating, the braking element 1 and its support 2 are provided to occupy a relatively distant position from the ground 8 when the collar 10 is in an approximately vertical position. In this way, the untimely application of the braking system is avoided when the collar 10 is subjected to pivoting of small amplitude towards the rear, as is commonly the case during certain phases of skating; moreover, braking is only made effective when the user frankly swings the collar 10 towards the rear and

  according to a relatively large amplitude by putting the foot in extension by advancing the leg.

  In this configuration, the user is not required to lift the front of his foot and therefore of the skate to brake what was the case in the previous embodiment. However, the extension of the foot by advancing the leg to pressurize the braking element 1 on the ground 8 implies that the user takes support on his heel and consequently mainly on the element

  braking 1 at least at the end of movement.

  1 0 In this phase of movement, and by a bearing reaction on the ground 8, the pad 15 is then essentially loaded on its braking element 1 and on its front wheel 7, its rear wheel 4 peeling off from the ground 8 such as illustrated in FIG. 4. With this braking system, therefore, the same length of contact of the pad 19 with the ground 8 is retained, but only on two effective bearing points. This braking system does not therefore adversely affect the directional stability of the pad during the braking phase because the front wheel 7 remains in contact with the ground 8 when the braking element 1 is in pressure on the latter. On the other hand, it does not make it possible to keep good longitudinal stability of the skate, that is to say a good front-rear balance, because it is the pressure applied to the braking element 1, which is moreover a non-rolling element, which determines the effective bearing on the

2 O front wheel 7.

  The object of the present invention is to provide an improved braking device which in particular allows the user of an inline skate to perform progressive and effective braking without the

  required maneuver does not cause him to lose his balance and / or does not require long experience.

  To achieve this object, the invention aims to implement a braking system which preserves a certain directional and longitudinal stability to the pad during the entire braking maneuver by imposing an effective bearing on the ground of a wheel. placed in front of the rear wheel. More specifically, the invention aims to allow braking subsequent to the effective support taking on one of the front wheels of the skate without loss of support on the rear wheel so that the latter has a point of contact and effective support, in particular on a rolling element, additional to those provided by the braking element and the rear wheel. The user is thus guaranteed to keep at least three

  effective contact and support points with the pad it uses to brake.

  To this end, the roller skate of the in-line wheel type, comprising a chassis equipped with aligned wheels on which is adapted to be fixed a shoe provided with a collar at least partially pivoting on a shell base, is provided with a braking system having a braking element support mounted at the rear of said chassis near the rear wheel, and is characterized in that at least one wheel placed in front of the rear wheel is made mobile vertically with respect to the chassis and by the fact that actuation means, carried by the chassis and subject to the pivoting of the collar of the shoe in the anteroposterior direction, are capable of causing the vertical movement of the movable wheel on the side of the rolling area of the shoe by placing it projecting in relation to the others from a determined angular position of the collar of the shoe by

compared to the hull base.

  By these provisions, and when the skate rolls on the ground, the vertical misalignment of the and / or the wheels provided movable vertically relative to the chassis and located in front of the rear wheel causes the front of the skate to be raised and, by consequently, the tilting on the rear of the chassis with the braking element support which thus comes into contact and under pressure on the ground. Braking with such a pad therefore essentially results from the displacement towards the ground of at least one movable wheel vertically placed in front of the rear wheel. Another consequence is that the braking force which can be reached is a function of the load / pressure applied to this movable wheel, 1 0 using the rear wheel as a fulcrum, and which results from the pivoting of the clamp. the

  shoe in the anteroposterior direction.

  Therefore, the movable wheel provides the skate with an additional effective fulcrum located in front of the rear wheel, and therefore in front of the extreme rear zone of the chassis, which increases

  considerably the length of contact and effective support of the skate with the ground, thereby giving it

  1 5 even better directional and longitudinal stability compatible with the provision of an element of

fixed braking.

  According to a preferred embodiment, the means for actuating the braking system comprise on the one hand, a lever articulated to the chassis around a pivot and on the other hand, an element for transmitting the pivoting movement of the collar of the shoe audit lever; Advantageously, the transmission element is connected by an articulation to the lever and the latter cooperates with the movable wheel by bearing on the axis of rotation of the latter at a location situated at a distance from its pivot, which in fact constitutes its fulcrum. More specifically, the transmission element extends vis-à-vis the dorsal zone of the shoe and cooperates by an upper end, with said collar by an interposed support part which is provided with the latter while its other end, bottom,

2 5 is articulated with the lever.

  This structure of the actuating means makes it possible to transmit the pivoting movement of the collar, directed in the anteroposterior direction, to the mobile wheel, transforming it into a movement directed vertically from top to bottom, by means of the lever which presses and pushes back the axis of rotation of the wheel all the more that the transmission element is biased in displacement by said

3 0 necklace.

  According to one characteristic, the support piece which is provided with the collar of the shoe is adjustable in position thereon in order to vary, on request, the angular position of the collar from

  which the actuating means are capable of causing the vertical displacement of the movable wheel.

  Still for the same purpose, the transmission element may include means for adjusting its length which can be used alone or in combination with an adjustable support piece on the

necklace as described above.

  According to another characteristic, the wheel made mobile is prevented from any vertical displacement upward, that is to say on the side opposite to the rolling zone of the shoe, by means of at least

  a stop means located on the skate frame.

  By this arrangement, the skate user has all the wheels to rest and roll on the ground during the actual skating phase, in the same way as with skates

  classic, that is to say, without vertically movable wheel.

  According to one embodiment, the movable wheel is integral with the frame of the skate by its axis of rotation which is slidably mounted in oblong slots oriented vertically which it crosses by its ends so that the lever of the actuating means bears on those -this. Thus, when the transmission element and the lever of the transmission means are set in motion during the pivoting of the collar, the movable wheel is pushed back on the side of the rolling zone by the lever which rotates on its pivot but follows a rectilinear trajectory and vertical which is determined by the lights

1 0 oblong.

  According to another embodiment, the movable wheel is integral with the lever of the actuating means by its axis of rotation fixedly mounted on said lever; in this case, when the transmission element and the lever of the transmission means are set in motion, the lever turns on its pivot by driving with it the movable wheel which then follows a circular trajectory centered on said pivot of the

  1 5 lever and directed vertically towards the running area of the skate.

  According to an alternative embodiment of the means for actuating the movable wheel, the element for transmitting the movement of the collar is pivotally mounted on the chassis around a pivot located between said collar and the articulation of the transmission element. with the lever which carries on the axis of rotation of

the moving wheel.

  The present invention also relates to the characteristics which will emerge from the description which

  will follow with reference to the accompanying drawings, by way of example, two embodiments and various possible constructions. More specifically, the drawings schematically represent: - from Figure 5 to Figure 9 a roller skate provided with a braking system according to a first embodiment of the invention o the actuation means of said system act on a single 2 5 movable wheel of the skate, - from Figure 10 to Figure 12 a roller skate provided with a braking system according to a second embodiment of the invention o the actuation means of said system act on two movable wheels of the skate, - in FIGS. 5 to 7 of the constructions in which the actuation means comprise a lever 3 O whose support point is situated in front of the movable wheel, FIGS. 6 and 7 showing the actuation means in active braking position, - in FIGS. 8 and 9, a construction in which the actuating means comprise a lever, the fulcrum of which is situated behind the movable wheel, FIG. 8 showing the pad in the rolling position and the fig ure 9 in the braking position, 3 5 - in FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 of the constructions in which the actuating means comprise a lever which acts on two wheels of the skate made movable relative to the chassis, FIG. 11 illustrating

  the pad of FIG. 10 in the active braking position.

  The roller skate 25 of the in-line wheel type, designated as a whole and shown in Figures 5 and 6, comprises a shoe 16, consisting of a collar 10 pivoting on a shell base 11 provided with an outer sole 13 , and a chassis 3 on which the aligned wheels 4, 5, 6 and 7 are arranged. The shoe 16 is made integral with the chassis 3 by means of fixing means, not shown, such as screws, rivets, etc. .., or using links such as straps for example and maybe

removable frame provided 3.

  A braking system 20, having a support 21 for braking element 22 fixedly mounted on the chassis, is provided with actuating means 23 which are subject to the pivoting of the collar 10 of the shoe in the anteroposterior direction and which are intended to act on a wheel 5 of the chassis 3 made movable vertically relative to the latter. In this example of construction, the wheel 5 is made movable relative to the chassis 3 by means of a lever 24 which belongs to the actuating means 1 0 and on which it is mounted integral by its axis of rotation 5 of which the ends pass through openings 31 made in the chassis 3. These openings 31, possibly opening out towards the ground 8 and therefore towards the rolling zone, are on the other hand closed upwards at a height which coincides with that of the axes of rotation 4 ', 6', 7 'of the other wheels 4, 6 and 7. In fact, the bottom 31' of these lights 31 constitutes a stop means situated on the chassis 3 which makes it possible to keep the mobile wheel 5 aligned with the other wheels during skating. Advantageously, an elastic means 64, cf. Figure 8 such as a tension spring, is fixed by one of its ends to the frame 3 and by its other end to the lever 24 'to ensure an automatic return of the actuating means 23, and thus of the movable wheel 5 , in the skating position as soon as the collar 10 of the shoe 16 pivots forward. 2 0 The actuating means comprise the lever 24 articulated to the chassis 3 around a pivot 26

  located in front of the movable wheel 5 and a transmission element 27 which extends vertically opposite

  screw of the back region 16 'of the shoe 16; this rigid transmission element 27 is connected at its lower end to the lever 24 by means of a hinge 28 and cooperates at its upper end with a support piece 29 which is provided with the collar 10 of the shoe 16. In order to allow the collar 10 of the shoe a certain freedom of pivoting in the postero-anterior direction, which makes skating movements more convenient, the support piece 29 is slidably mounted on the upper end of the transmission element 27. By these arrangements, the support piece 29 is capable of cooperating with the upper end of the transmission element 27 only when the collar 10 is pivoted in the antero-posterior direction such that 'indicated by arrow 30 and only from the moment it is supported on it, that is to say from a determined angular position of the collar 10. Obviously, the length of the transmission element n 27 and / or the position given to the support piece 29 on the collar 10 are essential for determining this angular position. Thus, by providing the support piece 29 adjustable in position on the collar 10 and / or a transmission element 27 adjustable in length, the angular position of the collar 10 can be varied on demand from which

  3 5 the actuating means 23 are capable of being implemented.

  By these different arrangements, the user of the pad 25 can perform a braking maneuver by simply pivoting the collar 10 on the rear along the arrow 30 while keeping an effective and solid support on the wheel 5 placed in front of the rear wheel 4 as illustrated in Figure 6; braking can only be obtained by heavily loading the wheel 5 via the actuation means

  23 which forces it to be misaligned from the other wheels 4, 6 and 7 and thus to project from them.

  ci on the side of the rolling area; in doing so, the pad 25 lifts from the front 9 by tilting on its rear wheel 4 which automatically lowers the support 21 with its braking element 22 on the ground 8. The user of the pad 25 thus has a point additional effective support located in front of the rear wheel 4 which considerably improves the directional and longitudinal stability of the pad 25 during braking. Of course, this stability is increased if the additional effective fulcrum

  is implemented as far forward as possible of the pad 20.

  Thus for example, as illustrated in FIG. 7, provision can be made to make the wheel 6 which is 1 O even more distant from the rear wheel 4 to be mobile. In this example of construction, the lever 24 of the actuating means 23 can then be mounted on its pivot 26 coincident with the axis of rotation 7 'of the front wheel 7; its pivot 26 is therefore located in front of the wheel 6 made mobile as in the example

of construction of Figures 5 and 6.

  It goes without saying, however, that an inverted mounting of the pivot of the lever can be envisaged as shown in FIGS. 8 in FIGS. 8 and 9. More specifically, the pivot 26 of the lever 24 ′ of the actuating means 23 is located on the chassis 3 in the area of the support 22 of the braking element 21 and the lever 24 'acts on the wheel 5 which is integral with it by its axis of rotation 5'. As in the preceding constructions, lights 31 obtained in the chassis 3 have a bottom 31 'which constitutes the stop means of the movable wheel 5 intended to keep the latter in alignment with the other wheels 4, 6 and 7 during the 2 O skating. The other characteristics of roller skate 40 are also similar to those of

  pad 25 and therefore will not be repeated as well as their operation.

  As has just been explained, in the above embodiment, the actuation means 23 of the braking system 20 of the pads 25 and 40 act on a single wheel made movable, placed in front of the rear wheel 4. It It is however conceivable according to another embodiment, to use these means for actuating the braking system to act simultaneously on several wheels made mobile, or even two wheels as in the examples of construction illustrated.

in Figures 10 to 12.

  In these examples, FIGS. 10 to 12, the roller skates 60 and 80 have a basic structure comparable to the skates 25 and 40, namely: 3 O - a shoe 16 consisting of a collar 10 pivoting on a shell base 11 provided an outer sole 13, - a chassis 3 on which the aligned wheels 4, 5, 6 and 7 are arranged, - a braking system 50, having a support 21 for braking element 22, which is provided with means actuation 53 comprising a lever 54 articulated to the chassis 3 around a pivot 56 and an element 57 for transmitting the movement in pivoting of the upper 10 of the shoe to the lever 54, - a support piece 59, fixed optionally adjustable on the collar 10, with which the transmission element 57 is intended to cooperate only when said collar 10 pivots in the

  anteroposterior direction and from a determined angular position.

  The essential difference relates in fact to the implementation of the two wheels made mobile with respect to the chassis 3 and the adaptation of the lever 54 so that it carries / acts on these mobile wheels. More precisely, in the roller skate 60, FIGS. 10 and 11, it is the rear wheel 4 and the wheel 6 which are made movable relative to the chassis 3 by being fixed by their axis of rotation 4 ′, 6 ′, on the lever 54 whose pivot 56, or fulcrum, is located between them; advantageously, the pivot 56 is situated coincident with the axis of rotation 5 ′ of the wheel 5. Lights 31, with a bottom 31 ′ positioned, are obtained in the chassis 3 in correspondence with the movable wheel 6 placed in front of the rear wheel 4, to allow its vertical displacement towards the rolling zone and the ground 8 during braking, and its maintenance in alignment with the other wheels 4, 6 and 7 during skating; of course lights 51 1 0 are also produced in correspondence with the rear wheel 4 but these are required only to allow the withdrawal of said wheel 4 during the tilting of the lever 54 simultaneously with the output which it imposes on the wheel 6 at the time of braking as shown in Figure 11. According to a particular feature, the transmission means 57 is pivotally mounted on the frame 3 around a pivot 61 located between the support piece 59 of the collar 10 and the joint 68 which connects it to the lever i 544. In order to ensure a return to the initial position of the actuating means 53 as soon as the collar 10 of the shoe returns forward in the anteroposterior direction, an elastic means 64, constituted for example by a flexible part of the lever 54, interacts between the latter, which is supported on its pivot 56, and the transmission element 57, which is supported on its pivot 56, in particular causing the tilting

  said transmission element 57 against the dorsal region 16 'of the shoe.

  The example of construction illustrated in FIG. 12 differs from that of FIGS. 10 and 11 in that the pivot 56 of the lever 54 is located between two wheels, and in particular between the two wheels 4 and 5 which are

made mobile.

  In this second embodiment of Figures 10 to 12, the operation of the actuating means 53 of the braking system 50 is similar to that of the first mode; indeed it proceeds 2 5 always by the pivoting of the collar 10 in the antero-posterior direction to implement actuation means 53 which provide an effective fulcrum located in front of the rear wheel 4 which generates the misalignment d '' a front wheel, 5, 6 in the direction of the rolling zone and thus the lifting of the front 9 of the shoe 60, 80, and the lowering of the support 21 with its braking element

22 against the ground 8.

  Other construction variants can obviously be envisaged without thereby departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the stop means 31 ′, constituted by the bottom of the lights 31 and which is intended to prevent the movable wheel of the braking system from moving vertically upwards on the side opposite to the rolling zone of the pad, can be located on the chassis 3 to cooperate with the lever 24, 24 ', 54. Again, an elastic means, such as a spring, can be provided independently of the lever 54 of the actuating means 53 to interact between them and the chassis 3 in order to ensure their automatic return to the skating position as soon as the collar 10 of the

  shoe pivots in the postero-anterior direction.

  Finally, the roller skate can have a number of wheels greater than or less than four and the

  wheel made movable by the braking system can be the front wheel of the skate.

Claims (8)

  1- Roller skate (25, 40, 60, 80) of the in-line wheel type comprising a chassis (3) fitted with aligned wheels (4, 5, 6, 7) on which a shoe (16) is capable of being fixed ) provided with a collar (10) at least partially pivoting on a shell base (11) and being provided with a braking system (20, 50) having a support (21) for braking element (22) mounted at the rear of said chassis (3), near the rear wheel (4), characterized in that at least one wheel (5, 6, 7) placed in front of the rear wheel (4) is made mobile vertically with respect to the chassis (3) and by the fact that actuation means (23, 53), carried by the chassis (3) and subject to the pivoting of the collar (10) 1 O of the shoe (16) in the antero-posterior direction, are capable of causing the vertical displacement of the movable wheel (5, 6, 7) on the side of the bearing zone of the shoe (10) by placing it projecting with respect to the others from a positio n determined angle of the collar (10) of the shoe (16) by relative to the hull base (11).   2- roller skate according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one stop means 1 5 (31 ') located on the frame (3) prevents the movable wheel (5, 6, 7) from moving vertically upwards on the side opposite to the pad rolling area (25, 40, 60, 80), set back from the other wheels.  3- roller skate according to claim 2, characterized in that the actuating means (23, 53) comprise on the one hand, a lever (24, 24 ', 54) articulated to the frame (3) around a pivot 2 O (26, 56) which serves as a fulcrum and on the other hand, an element (27, 57) for transmitting the pivoting movement of the collar (10) of the shoe (16) to said lever ( 24, 24 ', 54), the transmission element (27, 57) cooperating with the collar (10) by a support piece (29, 59) interposed and being connected by an articulation (28, 68) to the lever (24, 24 ', 54), which acts on the movable wheel (5, 6, 7) while carrying on the axis   of rotation (5 ′, 6 ′, 7 ′) thereof in a location located at a distance from its pivot (26, 56).   2 5 4- roller skate according to claim 3, characterized in that the support piece (29, 59) is adjustable in position on the collar (10) of the shoe (16) to vary, on request , the angular position of the collar (10) from which the actuating means (23 53) are capable of causing   the vertical movement of the movable wheel (5, 6, 7).   - Roller skate according to claim 3, characterized in that the transmission element 3 O (27, 57) comprises means for adjusting its length in order to vary, on request, the angular position of the collar (10) from the shoe (16) from which the actuating means (23, 53)   are capable of causing the vertical movement of the movable wheel (5, 6, 7).   6- roller skate according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the   pivot (26) which serves as a fulcrum for the lever (24) is located in front of the movable wheel (5, 6, 7).   3 5 7- roller skate according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the   pivot (26, 56) which serves as a fulcrum for the lever (24 ', 54) is located behind the moving wheel.   8- Roller skate according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the rear wheel (4) is made vertically movable relative to the chassis (3) and the other wheels (5, 6, 7) in the direction of an upward movement, on the side opposite to the running area of the skate, and by the fact that the wheel   rear (4) is integral with the lever (54) of the actuating means (53).   9- Roller skate according to claim 8, characterized in that the transmission element (57) is pivotally mounted on the frame (3), around a pivot (61) located between the collar (10) of the shoe (16) and the articulation (68) of said transmission element (57) with the lever (54) which bears on   the axis of rotation of the movable wheel (5, 6).   - Roller skate according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the   movable wheel (5, 6, 7) intended to protrude with respect to the other wheels on the side of the running surface of the shoe, is secured to the chassis (3) by its axis of rotation (5 ', 6', 7 ' ) which is mounted 1 0 sliding in oblong slots (31) which it crosses at its ends, the lever (24, 24 ', 54)   actuation means (23, 53) bearing on these ends.   11- Roller skate according to any one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the   movable wheel (5, 6, 7) intended to project in relation to the other wheels on the side of the rolling zone of the shoe is integral with the lever (24, 24 ', 54) of the actuating means (23, 53) by its   1 5 axis of rotation (5 ', 6', 7 ') fixedly mounted on said lever (24, 24', 54).   12- Roller skate according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a   elastic means (64), such as a spring, interacts between the chassis (3) and the actuation means (23, 53) to ensure the automatic return of the latter and their maintenance as soon as the collar (10) of the   shoe (16) pivots in the postero-anterior direction.