FR2612971A1 - Masonry shuttering block, and masonry work built using this block - Google Patents
Masonry shuttering block, and masonry work built using this block Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2612971A1 FR2612971A1 FR8704451A FR8704451A FR2612971A1 FR 2612971 A1 FR2612971 A1 FR 2612971A1 FR 8704451 A FR8704451 A FR 8704451A FR 8704451 A FR8704451 A FR 8704451A FR 2612971 A1 FR2612971 A1 FR 2612971A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- masonry
- block
- shuttering
- rock wool
- blocks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
- E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
- E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
- E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Bloc-coffrant-de-maçonnerie,-et-maçonneries-exeGutees-au moyen-de-ce--bloc
La présente invention concerne un bloc coffrant de maçonnerie permettant la construction de murs porteurs extérieurs de bâtiments de nature diverse (maisons individuelles, immeubles collectifs, locaux industriels, commerciaux, administratifs, agricoles, etc...) satisfaisant pleinement aux exigences de telles parois exterieures. Elle vise également les maçonneries exécutées au moyen de ce bloc.Masonry-formwork-block, -and-masonry-exeGutees-by-this-block
The present invention relates to a masonry shuttering block allowing the construction of external load-bearing walls of buildings of various nature (individual houses, collective buildings, industrial, commercial, administrative, agricultural premises, etc.) fully satisfying the requirements of such external walls . It also covers masonry executed using this block.
On connait (FR-A-998 957) un procédé de maçonnerie consistant à réaliser des blocs creux executes au moyen d'un mélange de copeaux de bois minéralisés et de ciment. Ces blocs creux ainsi réalisés dans une matière ininflammable, résistante aux intempéries et à la putréfaction, sont superposés et leurs alvéoles sont remplis de béton. I1 est crée de la sorte, à l'intérieur des blocs creux, une ossature de béton remplissant les fonctions statiques de la maçonnerie. Les blocs creux qui constituent le coffrage pour la carcasse et servent d'isolation thermique, d'isolation acoustique et de protection contre le feu, reçoivent les enduits et protègent la carcasse du béton contre la corrosion ainsi que contre l'action de la chaleur et du froid. We know (FR-A-998 957) a masonry process consisting of making hollow blocks executed using a mixture of mineralized wood chips and cement. These hollow blocks thus produced in a non-flammable material, resistant to weathering and rot, are superimposed and their cells are filled with concrete. I1 is thus created, inside the hollow blocks, a concrete framework fulfilling the static functions of masonry. The hollow blocks which form the formwork for the carcass and serve as thermal insulation, sound insulation and protection against fire, receive plasters and protect the carcass of the concrete against corrosion as well as against the action of heat and cold.
Afin d'améliorer les qualités d'isolation thermique des parois extérieures exécutées selon ce procédé, il est connu d'insérer une plaque de polystyrène expansé dans les alvéoles des blocs avant leur remplissage à l'aide de béton ; la plaque de polystyrene expansé étant dimentionnee pour remplir partiellement lesdits alvéoles et se trouvant prise en sandwich, apres coulage et durcissement du beton, entre ce dernier et une ou plusieurs parois des blocs selon la destination de ceux-ci et la conformation de ladite plaque. In order to improve the thermal insulation qualities of the external walls executed according to this method, it is known to insert a sheet of expanded polystyrene in the cells of the blocks before they are filled with concrete; the expanded polystyrene plate being dimentionnee to partially fill said cells and being sandwiched, after pouring and hardening of the concrete, between the latter and one or more walls of the blocks according to the destination thereof and the conformation of said plate.
Toutefois, il a été constaté que le polystyrene expanse n'a pas encore une parfaite stabilité dans le temps et il nécessite un traitement très spécial de protection contre les intempéries. En outre, le polystyrène expanse possede un assez fort coefficient de compressibilité, de sorte que les plaques isolantes exécutées dans ce materiau subissent un écrasement sous la pression du béton, cet écrasement affectant leurs qualités d'isolation. However, it has been found that expanded polystyrene does not yet have perfect stability over time and it requires a very special treatment for protection against the weather. In addition, expanded polystyrene has a fairly high compressibility coefficient, so that the insulating sheets made in this material undergo crushing under the pressure of the concrete, this crushing affecting their insulation qualities.
La présente invention a notamment pour objet de remédier aux inconvénients découlant de l'utilisation d'un isolant complémentaire en polystyrene expansé dans les procédés de maçonnerie mettant en oeuvre des blocs creux coffrants du type susmentionné. The object of the present invention is in particular to remedy the drawbacks arising from the use of an additional insulating material made of expanded polystyrene in masonry processes using hollow formwork blocks of the aforementioned type.
Selon l'invention, cet objectif est atteint au moyen d'un bloc creux coffrant principalement remarquable par le fait qu'un isolant constitué par une plaque de laine de roche est place dans de l'alvéole ou dans les alvéoles dudit bloc, de préférence contre la surface interne de la paroi extérieure dudit bloc. According to the invention, this objective is achieved by means of a hollow shuttering block mainly remarkable by the fact that an insulator constituted by a rock wool plate is placed in the cell or in the cells of said block, preferably against the inner surface of the outer wall of said block.
Grâce à l'adjonction de plaques de laine de roche, l'isolation thermique du bloc est grandement amelioree. En outre , cet isolant est inerte et stable dans le temps. Sa faible compressibilite permet de couler l'ossature de beton sans provoquer son écrasement, tandis que son caractere hygrophobe permet d'obtenir une garantie supplémentaire de résistance aux intempéries. Thanks to the addition of rock wool plates, the thermal insulation of the block is greatly improved. In addition, this insulator is inert and stable over time. Its low compressibility makes it possible to sink the concrete framework without causing it to be crushed, while its hygrophobic nature makes it possible to obtain an additional guarantee of weather resistance.
L'invention a également pour but d'améliorer le procédé susmentionné, au point de vue technique - 1) par la possibilité d'adaptation aux problèmes statiques et thermiques en créant plusieurs modules présentant eux-mêmes diverses épaisseurs d'isolant ; - 2) par l'adoption de composants constituant un systeme complet évitant tout pont thermique avec
- des blocs de fronton de dalle ;
- des blocs de tête ;
- des blocs d'angle ;
- des blocs d'embrasure. The invention also aims to improve the aforementioned process, from a technical point of view - 1) by the possibility of adaptation to static and thermal problems by creating several modules themselves having various thicknesses of insulation; - 2) by the adoption of components constituting a complete system avoiding any thermal bridge with
- slab pediment blocks;
- head blocks;
- corner blocks;
- embrasure blocks.
La combinaison des différents composants des murs exécutés à l'aide des blocs coffrants selon l'invention, permet de réaliser des parois extérieures répondant parfaitement aux exigences de telles parois telles que - isolation thermique ; - équilibre d'humidité ; - résistance statique ; - protection contre les intempéries ; - isolation et absorption phoniques ; - resistance au feu - rentabilité
Les buts, caractéristiques et avantages ci-dessus, et d'autres encore, ressortiront mieux de la description qui suit et des dessins annexes dans lesquels
La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de realisation d'un bloc coffrant normal selon l'invention.The combination of the various components of the walls executed using the formwork blocks according to the invention makes it possible to produce exterior walls perfectly meeting the requirements of such walls such as - thermal insulation; - humidity balance; - static resistance; - weather protection; - sound isolation and absorption; - fire resistance - profitability
The above objects, features and advantages, and others, will become more apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings in which
Figure 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a normal shuttering block according to the invention.
La figure 2 est une vue en plan de ce bloc. Figure 2 is a plan view of this block.
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale selon la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2. Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2.
La figure 4 est une vue en coupe verticale d'un mur exécute à l'aide de blocs coffrants selon l'invention. Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of a wall executed using shuttering blocks according to the invention.
La figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un autre mode d'exécution du bloc coffrant selon l'invention constitue, dans ce cas, par un plot de fronton de dalle. Figure 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the shuttering block according to the invention constitutes, in this case, by a pediment pad of slab.
La figure 6 est une vue en coupe transversale de ce plot. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of this stud.
La figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'un plot de tête constitue par un autre mode d'exécution du bloc coffrant selon l'invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a head stud constituted by another embodiment of the shuttering block according to the invention.
La figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'un plot d'angle correspondant à un autre mode d'exécution de ce bloc coffrant. Figure 8 is a perspective view of a corner stud corresponding to another embodiment of this shuttering block.
La figure 9 est une vue en perspective d'un plot d'embrasure réalisé suivant l'invention. Figure 9 is a perspective view of a recess stud produced according to the invention.
On se réfère aux dits dessins pour décrire des exemples d'execution interessants, bien que nullement limitatifs, du bloc coffrant selon l'invention. Reference is made to said drawings to describe examples of interesting, although in no way limiting, execution of the shuttering block according to the invention.
Ce bloc comprend une enveloppe obtenue, de façon connue en soi, à partir d'un mélange de copeaux de bois minéralisés et de ciment. Cette enveloppe comporte, dans la plupart des cas, deux parois longitudinales 1, 2 et deux parois transversales 3, 4 délimitant deux alvéoles débouchants 5, 6 (figures 1 et 2) ou un seul alveole 7 (figure 9) selon qu'une cloison intermédiaire 8 divise ou non l'espace compris entre lesdites parois. This block includes an envelope obtained, in a manner known per se, from a mixture of mineralized wood chips and cement. This envelope comprises, in most cases, two longitudinal walls 1, 2 and two transverse walls 3, 4 delimiting two open cells 5, 6 (Figures 1 and 2) or a single cell 7 (Figure 9) depending on what a partition intermediate 8 may or may not divide the space between said walls.
Selon l'invention, une plaque de laine de roche 9 est placée dans chaque alvéole 5, 6 ou 7, de préférence contre la face interne de la paroi extérieure 1 du bloc coffrant, cette plaque ayant une hauteur égale à celle dudit bloc et de ladite paroi. According to the invention, a rock wool plate 9 is placed in each cell 5, 6 or 7, preferably against the internal face of the outer wall 1 of the shuttering block, this plate having a height equal to that of said block and of said wall.
Afin d'avoir une réponse technique et économique la mieux adaptée aux problèmes de portance et d'isolation thermique qui varient en fonction des dimensions et de la destination des constructions (ces problemes n'étant évidemment pas les mêmes, par exemple, pour un bâtiment isolé d'un étage que pour un immeuble collectif de 4 étages), on peut prévoir plusieurs épaisseurs de maçonnerie, c'est-à-dire de blocs coffrants. De même, les plaques de laine de roche 9 peuvent avoir une epaisseur variable, en fonction des besoins thermiques et de la largeur des blocs dans lesquels elles sont incorporées. Par exemple, pour un bloc coffrant normal ayant une largeur de 250 mm et des parois longitudinales de 40 mm d'epaisseur, les plaques de laine de roche peuvent avoir une épaisseur de 50 mm. In order to have a technical and economic answer best suited to the problems of bearing capacity and thermal insulation which vary according to the dimensions and the destination of the constructions (these problems are obviously not the same, for example, for a building isolated from one storey than for a 4-storey apartment building), several thicknesses of masonry can be provided, i.e. shuttering blocks. Similarly, the rock wool plates 9 can have a variable thickness, depending on the thermal requirements and the width of the blocks in which they are incorporated. For example, for a normal shuttering block having a width of 250 mm and longitudinal walls of 40 mm thick, the rock wool plates can have a thickness of 50 mm.
A leur partie supérieure, les parois transversales 3 et 4 et la cloison intermédiaire 8 des blocs normaux comportent un évidement 10 pour le passage des fers d'armature horizontaux 11. At their upper part, the transverse walls 3 and 4 and the intermediate partition 8 of the normal blocks have a recess 10 for the passage of the horizontal reinforcing bars 11.
D'autre part, les parois transversales 3 et 4 présentent, extérieurement, des saillies 12, 12a et des évidements 13, 13a qui, lors de la pose, permettent un emboitement réciproque des faces latérales des blocs juxtaposés. On the other hand, the transverse walls 3 and 4 have, externally, projections 12, 12a and recesses 13, 13a which, during installation, allow reciprocal interlocking of the lateral faces of the juxtaposed blocks.
Lors du montage d'un mur, les blocs sont poses à sec et à joints croisés, de manière que l'alvéole 5 de l'un des blocs se trouve disposé au-dessus de l'alvéole 6 du bloc de la rangée inférieure sur lequel il repose. Ils sont serres les uns contre les autres de façon à réaliser l'emboitement de leurs faces laterales. When mounting a wall, the blocks are laid dry and cross-jointed, so that the cell 5 of one of the blocks is placed above the cell 6 of the block of the lower row on which it rests. They are tight against each other so as to achieve the interlocking of their lateral faces.
Le béton de remplissage 14 est coulé dans les alvéoles superposés 5, 6, par exemple après pose de deux ou trois rangs de blocs coffrants. The filling concrete 14 is poured into the superimposed cells 5, 6, for example after laying two or three rows of shuttering blocks.
Les figures 1 à 3 représentent un plot "normal" P1 à l'aide duquel sont executees les parties normales des murs. Figures 1 to 3 show a "normal" pad P1 with which the normal parts of the walls are executed.
Toutefois, on fabrique, selon l'invention, plusieurs types de blocs spéciaux permettant de réaliser les différents points singuliers des parois verticales d'une construction et d'obtenir une homogénéité thermique satisfaisante de la maçonnerie. However, according to the invention, several types of special blocks are made, making it possible to produce the different singular points of the vertical walls of a construction and to obtain satisfactory thermal homogeneity of the masonry.
Ainsi, les figures 5 et 6 illustrent un plot de fronton de dalle P2 permettant de traiter le probleme de la conductibilite thermique au droit des dalles D de la construction (figure 4). Thus, FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a pediment stud of slab P2 making it possible to deal with the problem of thermal conductivity at the level of the slabs D of the construction (FIG. 4).
La figure 7 montre un exemple d'exécution d'un plot de tête P3. FIG. 7 shows an example of execution of a head pad P3.
La figure 8 illustre un exemple de réalisation d'un plot d'angle P4 comportant des plaques de laine de roche 9 appliquées contre la surface interne de ses deux parois extérieures perpendiculaires 1 et 3. FIG. 8 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a corner stud P4 comprising rock wool plates 9 applied against the internal surface of its two perpendicular external walls 1 and 3.
La figure 9 représente un plot d'embrasure P5 comportant une feuillure 15 pour la fixation de l'huisserie d'une ouverture. FIG. 9 represents a recess stud P5 comprising a rebate 15 for fixing the frame of an opening.
Les façades et les surfaces intérieures des maçonneries exécutées au moyen des blocs coffrants selon l'invention peuvent recevoir, de façon classique, différents types de revêtements ou finitions (enduits, enduits isolants, vêture, etc...)
Les deux faces d'assise des blocs peuvent être fraisées avec une machine à contrôle electronique garantissant une planéité rigoureuse desdites faces et permettant une pose à sec sans joints au mortier et sans problème. Cette précision doit permettre aux particuliers de monter les maçonneries sans problème d'aplomp.The facades and interior surfaces of masonry executed by means of the shuttering blocks according to the invention can, in a conventional manner, receive different types of coatings or finishes (plasters, insulating plasters, cladding, etc.)
The two seat faces of the blocks can be milled with an electronic control machine ensuring a rigorous flatness of said faces and allowing dry laying without joints in the mortar and without problem. This precision should allow individuals to mount masonry without aplom problem.
Les blocs coffrants selon l'invention sont fabriqués en atelier, mais ils peuvent, en cas de besoin, être aisement decoupés à la scie, sur le chantier. The shuttering blocks according to the invention are manufactured in the workshop, but they can, if necessary, be easily cut with a saw, on the site.
Les maçonneries réalisées à l'aide des blocs coffrants selon l'invention et constituant l'enveloppe d'un bâtiment permettent de réduire notablement les variations de température et d'humidité atmosphériques extérieures pour obtenir un climat intérieur sain et salubre. Ces maçonneries présentent tous les facteurs essentiels et indispensables pour la réalisation d'une protection thermique optimale poids spécifique avantageux, coefficient de conductibilité thermique excellent, pouvoir d'accumulation de chaleur éleve et tres bon comportement du point de vue refroidissement. The masonry made using formwork blocks according to the invention and constituting the envelope of a building make it possible to significantly reduce the variations in outside atmospheric temperature and humidity to obtain a healthy and salubrious indoor climate. These masonry units have all the essential and essential factors for achieving optimal thermal protection, advantageous specific weight, excellent thermal conductivity coefficient, high heat storage power and very good cooling behavior.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8704451A FR2612971A1 (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1987-03-27 | Masonry shuttering block, and masonry work built using this block |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8704451A FR2612971A1 (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1987-03-27 | Masonry shuttering block, and masonry work built using this block |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2612971A1 true FR2612971A1 (en) | 1988-09-30 |
Family
ID=9349599
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8704451A Withdrawn FR2612971A1 (en) | 1987-03-27 | 1987-03-27 | Masonry shuttering block, and masonry work built using this block |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2612971A1 (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993014281A1 (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-22 | Tarshansky, Isaac | Protective walls and method of construction |
| WO1998000612A1 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-08 | Yermiyahu Negri | Hollow building block and protective wall construction therewith |
| ES2120822A1 (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1998-11-01 | Negri Yermiyahu | Block for use in the construction of blast-resistant walls, blast-resistant wall and method for constructing it |
| US5862640A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1999-01-26 | Negri; Yermiyahu | Protective walls and method of construction |
| CN101974944A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-02-16 | 姜永杰 | Cement wood-wool composite mineral wool board and production method thereof |
| CN101644087B (en) * | 2009-08-30 | 2012-06-20 | 沈祥星 | Concrete light aggregate energy-saving heat preservation building block |
| DE102016012150A1 (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-19 | Hans-Peter Reinberger | wall construction |
-
1987
- 1987-03-27 FR FR8704451A patent/FR2612971A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1993014281A1 (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1993-07-22 | Tarshansky, Isaac | Protective walls and method of construction |
| GB2278620A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1994-12-07 | Tarshansky Isaac | Protective walls and method of construction |
| GB2278620B (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1995-06-07 | Tarshansky Isaac | Protective walls and method of construction |
| US5862640A (en) * | 1992-01-10 | 1999-01-26 | Negri; Yermiyahu | Protective walls and method of construction |
| ES2120822A1 (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1998-11-01 | Negri Yermiyahu | Block for use in the construction of blast-resistant walls, blast-resistant wall and method for constructing it |
| WO1998000612A1 (en) | 1996-06-28 | 1998-01-08 | Yermiyahu Negri | Hollow building block and protective wall construction therewith |
| AU711337B2 (en) * | 1996-06-28 | 1999-10-14 | Yermiyahu Negri | Hollow building block and protective wall construction therewith |
| CN101644087B (en) * | 2009-08-30 | 2012-06-20 | 沈祥星 | Concrete light aggregate energy-saving heat preservation building block |
| CN101974944A (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-02-16 | 姜永杰 | Cement wood-wool composite mineral wool board and production method thereof |
| CN101974944B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-12-21 | 姜永杰 | Cement wood-wool composite mineral wool board and production method thereof |
| DE102016012150A1 (en) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-19 | Hans-Peter Reinberger | wall construction |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| ST | Notification of lapse |