FR2666748A1 - SECURITY FASTENING FOR SKIING. - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a safety binding for a ski. This fixing is characterized in that it comprises means for ensuring a connection, in the transverse direction, between the support plate (7) and the jaw (11), of the articulation means of the jaw (11) on the bearing plate (7) allowing the jaw (11) to pivot, relative to the bearing plate (7), around one or the other of two offset vertical axes of rotation (uu ') transversely and symmetrically on either side of the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) of the binding, and exhaust means causing, for a predetermined transverse displacement of the jaw (11) in a direction given by guide zones ( 19 '), following a stress, the rotation of the jaw (11) around the axis of rotation (uu') located on the side opposite to the movement, so as to release the boot.

Description

The present invention relates to a security fastener for

  ensure, in a way that can be triggered,

  keeping the front of a skier's shoe on a ski.

  Safety bindings for skis, also known as "forward stops", are known that comprise a body mounted on a base integral with the ski, this body carrying, in its

  back part, a jaw restraining the shoe.

  This jaw comprises two lateral retaining wings which are rotatable about axes perpendicular to the ski plane and which, in the engaged position, are applied to the front edges of the boot, by means of energy generation, in order to ensure the maintenance of the boot on the ski This type of attachment is further provided with triggering means causing the release of the boot, by the opening of the lateral retaining wings, when a lateral bias exerted by the leg the skier on the binding just exceeds a predetermined value, or trigger threshold of the fixation. EP-A-200044 discloses a fastener of this type in which each of the lateral end portions of the jaw constituting a lateral retaining wing is articulated on the end of a common central support element, itself movable transversely on the body of the binding, which allows the jaw to move transversely, under the action of a lateral bias, against energy generating means Trigger means are provided for opening the lateral retaining wings of the boot towards the outside of the binding when the central support member has moved transversely a distance corresponding to the triggering threshold

  predetermined fixation, so as to release the shoe.

  In this type of attachment, when the jaw moves transversely under the action of a bias, there is a relative movement of the sole of the boot relative to the upper surface of the ski resulting in a friction movement Or this friction movement generates resistance forces which depend on parameters external to the binding, and which therefore can not be controlled, such as the nature of the sole of the skier's shoe, its state of wear, or the fact that the surface of the skier's shoe ski is covered or not with snow or ice It follows that, depending on the importance of friction related to these parameters, the trigger threshold of the binding is modified Thus, an increase in friction between the sole of the shoe and the upper face of the ski increases the stress on the skier's leg before the triggering of the binding Inversely the presence of ice, between the sole of the shoe and the surface ski, decreases the frictional forces and facilitates the transverse displacement of the jaw, thus decreasing the level of

solicitation before triggering.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a ski safety binding whose triggering level, under the effect of a transverse stress, is independent of the friction conditions that may exist between the boot and the jaw on the one hand and the shoe

and skiing on the other hand.

  The present invention thus relates to a ski safety binding intended to maintain, in a triggerable manner, the front of a boot on the ski, comprising a body fixed to the ski, a support plate on which rests the front of the boot, and, at the rear of the body, a one-piece jaw comprising two opposed lateral retaining wings of the boot, the jaw and the support plate being mounted movable transversely with respect to the ski, means for generating energy exerted opposite the transverse displacement of the jaw, characterized in that it comprises means for ensuring a connection, in the transverse direction, between the support plate and the jaw, articulation means of the jaw on the support plate allowing the pivoting of the jaw, relative to the support plate, around one or the other of two vertical axes of rotation offset transversely and symmetrically on both sides of longitudinal plane of symmetry of the fastening, and escape means causing, for a predetermined transverse movement of the jaw in a given direction, following a bias, the rotation of the jaw around the axis of rotation located on the opposite side moving, so as to

release the shoe.

  The following will be described by way of nonlimiting examples, various embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing in which: Figure 1 is a vertical and longitudinal sectional view of a fastener according to the invention, in the engagement position. Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view of the fastener shown in Figure 1, along the line II-II

of this figure 1.

  FIG. 3 is a view in vertical and transverse section of the fastener shown in FIG. 1,

  along line III-III of this figure.

  FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view of the fastener shown in FIG. 1, this fastener being subjected to lateral loading by the shoe of FIG.

  skier and shortly before its release.

  Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view of the fastener shown in Figure 1, in the release position. Figure 6 is a perspective view of the plate

  support of the shoe and the jaw of the fixation.

  FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the support plate and the jaw of

fixing according to the invention.

  Figure 8 is a horizontal sectional view

  partial of a variant of the binding according to the invention.

  FIGS. 1 to 3 show a safety fastener 1 secured to a ski 3, which is intended to maintain, in a triggerable manner, the front end of a shoe 4 of a skier on the ski 3 This safety fastener 1 , or forward stop, which is symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane 2 and longitudinal symmetry P of the ski consists essentially of a body 2 fixed on the upper face of the ski 3 by screws 5, a support plate 7 for the lower front side of the sole of the shoe 4

  of the skier, a jaw 11 holding the front of the

  ci and energy generation means 13.

  The front part of the body 2 of the binding 1 is hollowed out with a housing 17 open on its rear part and inside which the energy generating means 13 are arranged. The body 2 itself is extended towards the rear, at its lower part, by a base 18 in contact with the upper surface of the ski, this base 18 can form one piece with the body 2 or an independent piece attached to this body The base 18 and the body 2 are provided respectively with two transverse guide zones 19, 19 'for the moving element formed by the jaw 11 and the support plate 7 These guide zones consist of a transverse transverse ramp 19' of the body 2 against which the face is supported front 11 'of the jaw 11 and a transverse slide 19 provided at the rear end of the body 2 and with which cooperates

the support plate 7.

  The transverse slide 19 of the base 18 and the front face 11 'of the jaw 11 are parallel to each other and, in shape seen from above, circular with large radii of curvature and concavity turned towards the rear of the binding; the circles along which respectively the two guide zones 19 and 19 'extend have the center of the pivot point of the heel of the shoe located in the area of the rear binding (not shown) and approximately in the plane of In this way, the movable jaw 11 support plate 7 follows a trajectory substantially identical to that of

  the front end of the shoe.

  The support plate 7 consists of an element which, seen from above, is of generally rectangular shape and which comprises, under its rear part, a slider 21 of shape complementary to that of the slider 19, on which it is intended to be slidably mounted, which allows it to move transversely from one side to the other of the base 1 The front part of the support plate 7 has a vertical and transverse wall 23, projecting upwards, terminating, at each of its lateral ends, by a projection 25, projecting forwards, consisting of a semicircular element 27 of uu 'vertical axis, ending at its lower part and at its upper part by stubborn

  semicircular 29 of larger diameter.

  The jaw 11 is a monobloc jaw whose lateral extremities form two wings lla intended to

  ensure the lateral restraint of the front of the shoe 4.

  It consists of a transverse element whose rear face forms at its upper part, a vertical retaining shoulder 11b, projecting rearwardly and, below this shoulder 11b, a cavity 11c intended to receive the front portion of the shoe 4 The lower part of the posterior face of the jaw 11 is also hollowed out, below the cavity 11c, of another cavity 11d limited by a vertical wall In each of the end portions of the lower cavity 11d is hollowed out a recess 33 whose shape is complementary to that of the bosses 25 of the support plate 7, which are thus embedded therein, in the engaged position during the practice of skiing The front face 11 'of the jaw 11, seen from above, is slightly convex shape forward and complementary to the rear transverse ramp 19 'of the body 2, has in its central part, at its lower part, a housing 35 open towards the front nt and which is an extension of the housing 17 of the body 2 of the fastener The side walls 37 of the housing 35 comprise, on each of their front parts, a slight projection 39. The energy generating means 13, arranged in the housing 17 of the body 2, comprise a first helical twist spring, or main spring 41, of axis vv 'perpendicular to the plane of the ski 3 and contained in the plane of symmetry P The helical winding of the torsion spring 41 is located in the part front of the housing 17 and its upper horizontal branches 41a, located on the left with respect to the ski and lower 41b located to the right relative to the ski extend rearwardly, beyond the housing 27, they are bent vertically at their posterior ends which are engaged in the housing 35 of the jaw 11 and bear on the side walls 37 of the housing 35, between the bottom thereof and the bosses 39 The means of energy generation 13 also comprise a second helical torsion spring, or secondary spring 45, of vertical axis This secondary torsion spring 45 is wound around a vertical pin 47 of axis contained in the plane of symmetry P This rod comprises, at its upper part, a head 49 of parallelepipedal shape supported, by its vertical and longitudinal edges 50, on longitudinal guide walls 51 of the body 2 The head 49 is traversed by a threaded longitudinal hole 54 in which s The adjusting screw 55 has, at its front end, a head 56 provided with a transverse actuating slot, and at its rear end a constriction 58 cooperating with a protruding portion 59 of the body 2, so as to ensure freedom in rotation of the screw relative to the body 2, and its locking in translation relative thereto The secondary spring 45 comprises horizontal branches su upper (or left) 45a and lower (or right) 45b respectively coming into contact with the upper branches 41a and lower 41b of the main spring 41, to urge them outwardly The secondary spring 45, bearing on the branches of the main spring 41, adds a part of its own stiffness k ', the stiffness k of the main spring 41 It is noted that the stiffness transmitted by the secondary spring to the main spring 41 is even more important than its points respective bearing on the main spring 41 are close to the point of contact of the main spring 41 on the jaw 11 and that, at this point, the stiffness of the energy generating means 13 is maximum and equal to the sum of the stiffness k + k 'main springs 41 and secondary Thus moving in the longitudinal direction, the head 49 secured to the support rod 47 of the secondary spring 45, which is achieved by rotating the adjusting screw, it registers the stiffness of the energy generating means 13 within a determined range substantially understood

between k and k + k '.

  According to the invention, when, during the practice of skiing, the shoe 4 of the skier exerts, on the jaw 11, a force F oriented towards the front and to the right of the ski (FIG. 4), which force can be decomposed in a forward longitudinal component L and a transverse component to the right T, this transverse component T tends to move the assembly consisting of the support plate 7 and the jaw 11, in the direction of the transverse force T, that is to say to the right of the ski, against the return force exerted by the energy generating means 13 The support plate 7, under the effect of the transverse component T of the bias F, moves transversely to the right on the slide 19, together with the front of the shoe 4 and the jaw 11 on the ramp 19 ', until the restoring force f generating means of energy 13 balances said transverse component T. If this equilibrium is achieved before that the right side wall 37 of the housing 35 has reached the end of the rear and transverse face of the body 2 (Figure 3), the attachment does not trigger In this position we see that the direction in which the left arm 41 has the main torsion spring 41 exerts the return force f, to the left, on the side wall 37, is remote at a distance d from the axis uu 'of the left boss 25, and that the spring 41 thus creates on the jaw 11 a rotation torque C about the axis uu'le boss left 25, in the opposite direction of clockwise in Figure 4 having the effect of applying the opposite front transverse face, that is, that is to the right of the jaw 11

  against, the right rear face of the body 2.

  -As soon as the biasing F stops, the energy generating means 13 bring back into engagement position the jaw 11 and the support plate 7 which in itself is

solidary transversely.

  When the equilibrium is not reached when the right side wall 37 of the housing 35 reaches the right end of the transverse rear face of the body 2, this right end is then facing the housing 35, and the jaw is , Therefore, free to rotate about the axis uu 'of the left boss, under the action of the torque C, which frees the shoe (Figure 4) Of course, for reasons of symmetry, the operation of the device is identical in the case of bias with a transverse component of direction opposite to the previous one, that is to say oriented towards the left, and the jaw pivots in this case around the axis uu 'of the boss

right 25 of the support plate 7.

  Similarly, the transverse fastening of the jaw 11 with the support plate 7 can be achieved by any other means making it possible to form a "meshing" of the

  jaw 11 on said support plate 7.

  Thus, as shown in the variant embodiment of FIG. 7, the anterior vertical wall 23 of the support plate 7 comprises two end notches 60, into which "engage" two vertical bosses 62 in the shape of a tooth. gear, provided on the lower and rear face 11d of the jaw 11, and the operation of this device is, of course, in all respects identical to

that described previously.

  Thus, according to the invention, when, during the practice of skiing, following a lateral bias, the front of the skier's boot moves laterally relative to the ski, the shoe 4, the plate of 7 and the jaw 11 move together and there is no relative displacement, and therefore no friction of the

  shoe on the jaw 11 and on the support plate 7.

  The only friction existing during this movement are those between the anterior face 11 'of the jaw 11, and the rear face of the body 2 and that of the slider 21 on the slide 19. These friction do not depend on external parameters, and their Movement movement is therefore regular since it is not influenced by the nature of the sole of the shoe, its state of wear, or by the snow or ice possibly accumulated between the sole of the shoe and the surface of the shoe. ski. In an advantageous variant of the invention, represented in FIG. 8, the rear portions 17 have lateral flanks of the housing 17 in which the energy generating means 13, consisting of a main spring 41 'and a spring, are arranged. secondary spring 45 ', converge towards each other, towards the rear The upper branches 41' a and lower 41 'b of the main spring 41 are bent so as to bear on the convergent sides 17a of the housing 17D on the other hand, the ends of these branches 41a, 41b are bent at 900 first outwards so as to form two respective portions 44a and 44b, the portion 44a of the upper branch 41a being also bent downwards and the lower part 44b of the lower branch 41b being bent upwards, so as to form two respective portions 46a and 46b which bear, as previously, on the side walls 37 of the housing 35 of the jaw 11 as meadow previously, a secondary torsion spring 45 is mounted longitudinally movable inside the main spring 41, so that its upper limbs 45a and lower 45b respectively come into contact with the upper branches 41a and

  lower 41b of main spring 41.

  In this variant embodiment of the invention, it can be seen that, for the same longitudinal displacement towards the rear of the secondary spring 45, the latter is compressed more than in the preceding embodiment and that, consequently, the force It is thus possible, by playing on the inclination of the upper limbs 41a and lower 41b of the main spring 41, relative to the longitudinal plane of symmetry P of the binding, modify more or less, for given stiffness springs, the influence of the longitudinal position of the secondary spring 45 on the return force

  means for generating energy 13 of the fastener.

Claims (9)

  1. Ski safety binding intended to hold the front of a boot (4), on the ski (3), having a body (2) fixed to the ski, a support plate (7). ) on which the front of the shoe (4) rests, at the rear of the body (2), a one-piece jaw (11) comprising two opposite wings (11a) of lateral retention of the shoe (4), the jaw ( 11) and the support plate (7) being movably mounted transversely to the ski (3), energy generating means (13) acting opposite the transverse displacement of the jaw (11), characterized in that it comprises means (25; 33; 60; 62) for providing a connection, in the transverse direction, between the support plate (7) and the jaw (11), articulation means of the jaw (11) on the support plate (7) allowing the jaw (11) to pivot relative to the support plate (7) around one or the other of two axes of rotation vertical (uu ') shifted transversely and symmetrically on either side of the longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) of the fastening, and escape means causing, for a predetermined transverse displacement of the jaw (11) in a given direction by guide zones (19; 19 '), following a bias, the rotation of the jaw (11) about the axis of rotation (uu') located on the opposite side to the displacement, so as to release the shoe.   2. Fastening according to claim 1 characterized in that the means (25; 33; 60; 62) provides both the connection in the transverse direction of the support plate (7) and the jaw (11) and the articulation of the jaw (11) on the support plate (7).   3. Fixing according to any of   claims 1 and 2 characterized in that the zones of   19-19 'respectively belong to a base (18) extending the body (2) rearwards and to the body (2) itself, the guide zone (19) of the base (2) being constituted by a slide with which the support plate (7) cooperates while the guide zone (19 ') of the body (2) is constituted by a rear transverse ramp (19') of the body (2) with which the face cooperates previous (11 ') of the jaw.   4. Fixing according to any of   Claims 1 and 3 characterized in that the jaw (11)   is disposed in free support between a guide zone (19 ') on the rear face of the body (2) of the binding and the face   front (23) of the support plate (7).   5. Fixing according to any of   Claims 1 to 4 characterized in that the means for   energy generation (13) consists of a helical torsion spring, or main spring (41), of vertical axis (vv '), to the upper branch (41 a) and lower (41 b) extending rearwards, disposed in a housing (17) of the body (2) of the binding, open on the rear face of the binding and communicating with a housing (35) of the jaw (11), open on the front and constituting an extension of the housing (17), the ends of the upper (41 a) and lower (41 b) branches of the main spring (41) resting on the respective side walls (37) of the housing (35) of the jaw (11).   6 Fixing according to claim 5 characterized in that a second helical torsion spring, or secondary spring (45), of vertical axis, is disposed inside the main spring (41), so that the ends of its upper (45 a) and lower (45 b) branches rest respectively on the upper (41 a) and lower (41 b) branches of the main spring (41), for the solicit outward.   7. Fixing according to claim 6 characterized in that it comprises means for changing the position of the secondary spring (45) in the direction longitudinal of the fixation.   8. Fastening according to claim 7 characterized in that the secondary spring (45) is wound around a vertical pin (47) provided at its upper part with a head (49) having a threaded longitudinal hole (54) which receives an adjusting screw (55), this screw (55) being provided with means conferring a connection in the longitudinal direction with the body (2) and a freedom in rotation relative thereto, so that the rotation of the adjusting screw (55) causes the longitudinal movement of the secondary spring (45).   9. Fixing according to any of   claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the means for   connection and / or articulation of the jaw (11) with the support plate (7) consist of two vertical bosses (25,62) made on one of these parts (7,11), these bosses s in recess position in recesses (33, 60) of complementary shape of the other piece (11.7).   according to any of 10 Fixing   claims 1 to 9 characterized in that the zones of   guide (lc) and (19 ') extend parallel to each other on both sides of the vertical and longitudinal plane of symmetry (P) of the ski and they have the shape of circular arcs having concavity turned towards the rear of the binding and having the same center located substantially at the point of the   pivoting of the heel of the shoe.