FR2531587A1 - METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING INFORMATION ON A SINGLE CHANGES CHANNEL AND APPLYING SAID METHOD IN PARTICULAR TO DEVICES FORMING AN ALARM SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

PROCESS FOR THE TRANSMISSION, ON A SINGLE EXCHANGE CHANNEL, ESPECIALLY OF THE RADIO-ELECTRIC OR WIRED TYPE, OF INFORMATION TRANSMITTED IN THE FORM OF BINARY OR DIGITAL SIGNALS BETWEEN SEVERAL ISSUERS OR GROUPS OF ISSUERS 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 AND AT LEAST ONE RECEIVER 15, 16, IN WHICH EACH OF THE TRANSMITTERS IS LIKELY TO TRANSMIT, FOR A LIMITED TIME AND AT RANDOM TIMES, SUCCESSIVELY REPEATING THE INFORMATION IT HAS TRANSMITTED, THIS PROCEDURE BEING AS IT IS. CONSISTS OF PRIORITIZING EACH OF THE SAID ISSUERS OR GROUPS OF ISSUERS BY ASSIGNING EACH OF THEM A DIFFERENT TOTAL TRANSMISSION DURATION AND TO SELECT OR TAKE INTO ACCOUNT, WHEN RECEIVING BY THIS RECEIVER OF SIGNALS FROM ISSUERS OR GROUPS OF DIFFERENT TRANSMITTERS AND WHICH ARE PARTLY OR COMPLETELY COVERED, THE INFORMATION FROM THE ISSUER WITH THE LONGEST TRANSMISSION DURATION. APPLICATION OF THIS PROCESS TO THE HIERARCHIZATION OF DETECTION DEVICES 2, 3, 4, CENTRALIZATION DEVICES 5, CONTROL DEVICES 6, SIGNALING DEVICES 7, ASSISTANCE CALL DEVICES 8, FORMING A DEVICE D 'ALARM 1.

Description

"How to process information on an exchange channel

  unique and application of this method in particular to

forming an alarm system.

  The present invention relates to a method for the transmission of information and an application of this method

including an alarm system.

  In the fields of transmission or transfer of information, particularly by radio, optical, ultrasound or carrier current, applied in particular to alarm systems for the protection of goods and people and to automation, including means of transmission and means for receiving information, it is particularly advantageous to use

  a unique information exchange channel, the latter being able to

  the use of a single carrier frequency or a single physical medium for transmitting or transferring information between transmitters and receivers, the information thus exchanged being capable of mutually interfering if several transmitters transmit simultaneously on this same channel and as a result they can make the receipt of different information difficult or impossible

  Systems are known in which the differences

  These systems communicate with each other by a single transmission loop or by a network. In these systems, each transmitter includes a means enabling it to determine at any time whether the network is already in use and whether communication is possible.

  network is free, the transmitter in question transmits the information

tions it has to issue.

  In other known cases, the transmission or transfer of information that can be transmitted simultaneously on the same transmission channel consists, in order to differentiate them, either to use different sub-frequencies of carrier as in the case of the Herzian beams. by performing a frequency sharing of the channel used, or multiplexing the information over time by performing a time sharing of the single channel The first case leads to the use of expensive and complex modulation, demodulation and filtering systems both in the transmitters and in the in the receivers and the second case leads to the use of complex and expensive sampling and multiplexing systems as well as the need to synchronize the multiplexers between them

and the demultiplexers.

  In currently known alarm systems using a single information exchange channel, it is considered unlikely that two transmitters, for which a very short transmission time is usually chosen, would transmit at the same time and we also realize the most

  important, for example between the plant and the signaling

  such as sirens, by wire to avoid interference.

  It follows that the state of the art provides no simple and inexpensive solution to the problems posed by the transmission or transfer of information via a trading channel.

unique information.

  The present invention aims precisely to solve, in a simple and economical way, the main problems posed by the transmission or the transfer of information by a single exchange channel when the information is likely to be mutually disturbed when it is transmitted simultaneously, especially where the information to be transmitted is relatively

  many and intervene rather infrequently and at random times.

  The present invention accordingly proposes a method for transmitting, on a single exchange channel, in particular of the wireless or wireless type, information transmitted in the form of signals of the binary or digital type-input of several transmitters or groups of transmitters and at least one receiver in which each of the transmitters is capable of transmitting, for a limited time and at random times, repeating successively the information it

has to transmit.

  It therefore appears that the present invention seeks to remove on the one hand the advantages resulting from the use of a single information exchange channel or a single information transmission frequency, which is interesting because that the number of possible or usable frequencies is limited for technical or legislative reasons, and on the other hand the advantages of transmitting or transferring information transmitted in the form of binary or digital type signals which, for reasons

  reliability of the transmission, are preferably repeated.

  In order to solve the problem posed by the transmission of mutually interfering information, the method according to the present invention consists of hierarchizing each of said transmitters or groups of transmitters by assigning to each of them a different total transmission duration and to select or take into account, during the simultaneous reception by said receiver of signals emanating from different transmitters or groups of transmitters and

  partially or totally recovering the information emanating from the

  whose transmission duration is the longest.

  In a variant, the method according to the present invention may advantageously consist, for each of said transmitters or groups of transmitters, in repeating a different number of times the transmission of the information to be transmitted, this being represented by words or successive bits of identical format and duration for

each of the transmitters.

  In another variant, the method according to the present invention may advantageously consist, for each of said transmitters or groups of transmitters, in repeating the same number of times the transmission of the information to be transmitted, this being represented by words or successive bits by assigning, to each of said transmitters

  or said groups of transmitters, a total duration of different emission.

  14 Eirarchisatioa of the different transmitters to each other by their different transmission time combined with the repetition of the information to be transmitted is such that it is possible for the receiver to be able to validate the information from the transmitter of the highest rank in the event of the simultaneous issuance and reception of information from issuers or groups of issuers of different ranks. As a result, information from issuers of ranks

  may be lost or uninterpretable.

  The method according to the present invention can be

  applied to the prioritization of the devices

  tion. However, it finds a particularly interesting application for the prioritization of devices constituting an alarm system for the protection of goods and people and including in particular at least one state detection device formed in particular by position sensors to achieve a perimeter protection and / or at least one motion detection device for detecting any displacement within a volume and / or at least one centralization device and / or at least one signaling device such as for example a siren or a telephone transmitter and / or at least one control device, in particular for controlling the centralization device and / or at least one call device, for example using a portable device and controlling, for example, directly a signaling device , some of these devices include transmitting means and others receiving means for exchanging information of the binary type

  or digital on a single exchange channel.

  Indeed, in an alarm system where it is desired to obtain the highest possible tripping safety, it is particularly advantageous that the information from different transmitters can not cancel each other out in the event of simultaneous transmission. for example, the emission from a state detection device should preferably not mask that of a motion detection device, one signal an attack on the periphery of the premises to be protected and the other signaling a intrusion already characterized and which thus presents a more urgent or dangerous character for the goods and persons to be protected Similarly, the issuance of an order of actuation of a -signalization device emanating for example from the centralization device should preferably prevail over the issuance of a detection device again signaling the presence of an intruder already spotted Similarly, the emission from the device if of call to

  aid which is of definite urgency must be

shut up on all the others.

  It follows that the application to an alarm system for the protection of a local of the method according to the present invention may advantageously lead to prioritizing at least two of the different emitting devices of this alarm system, by order growing importance, in the following manner peripheral detection device outside the premises to be protected, perimetric detection device on the perimetry of the premises to be protected, state or motion detection device inside the premises to be protected, centralization device, control device, call device using It may be advantageous to hierarchize by zone the devices of different geographical areas and / or the devices within each geographical zone. alarm or installation does not necessarily include all the devices listed above and

  can include many of the same type.

  The present invention will be better understood in the study of an alarm system in which the various devices A component communicate with each other by radio and on a single information exchange channel, that is to say on a frequency unique, this alarm system being described by way of non-limiting example and illustrated schematically by the drawing in which: Figure 1 shows a diagram of the installation; FIG. 2 represents a particular transmitter intended for this installation and FIG. 3 represents a particular receiver intended for this installation. It can be seen in the figure that the alarm system represented and generally indicated by the reference I comprises a series of detection devices generally indicated by references 2, 3 and 4, a centralization or central device generally indicated by the reference 5, a control device of the central unit generally identified by the reference 6, a signaling device generally identified by the reference 7 and a device for calling a portable aid generally identified by the reference =

  In a more complex installation, the devices -

  could each be in greater number of arranged differently.

  In the alarm system 1, the detection devices 2, 3 and 4 and the control device 6 can transmit respectively via radio links 2a, 3a, 4a and 6a information and / or commands to the 5, the central unit 5 can transmit, via a radio link 5a, actuating commands to the signaling device 7 and the

  calling device can transmit via a radio link

  electrical 8 has command commands directly to the signaling device 7 The radio links 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a and 8a are effected on a single information exchange channel

  which is in the example a single carrier frequency.

  For this purpose, the detection devices 2, 3 and 4, the central unit 5, the control device 6 and the call-aid device 8 respectively comprise transmitters 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 and , the central unit 5 and the signaling device 7

  comprise respectively receivers 15 and 16.

  The detection devices 2, 3 and 4 may be state or state change detection devices, for example position detection or position change devices of closure elements such as windows or doors. or devices for detecting the movement of these closure elements, or motion detection devices within a space or a determined volume. In one example, it is considered that the detection devices 2 and 3 are state or state change detection devices and for this purpose respectively comprise status or state change sensors 17 and 18 capable of respectively supplying their transmitters-9 and 10 with transmit commands and that the detection device 4 is a volumetric protection device comprising for this purpose a motion detection sensor 19 capable of supplying orders

issue to its issuer 11.

  The control device 6 is a control device for example of the market-stop of the central unit 5 and comprises for this purpose a control member 20 provided for example with a button, a key or a keyboard operable manually. to provide

  issuing instructions to the issuer 13.

  As has been seen, the central unit 5 comprises a receiver and a transmitter 12. Between this receiver and this transmitter, the control unit comprises an information processing unit 21 from the receiver 15 in order to provide, as the case may be, commands resignation

to the transmitter 12.

  In addition to its receiver-16, the signaling device

  7 includes, for example, a siren 22 likely to be-

  triggered on the order of the receiver 16.

  The call aid device 8, which in one variant may be of the portable type, comprises a member 23 capable of supplying transmission commands to its transmitter 14 when it is actuated

for example by a manual button.

  With reference to FIG. 2, there will now be described an emitter generally identified by the reference 24 and capable of forming the emitters 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of the alarm system I represented on FIG. This emitter 24 is designed to emit information of the binary type contained in

  eight-bit words as we will see later.

  This transmitter 24 comprises an input line 25 capable of receiving at a random moment a transmission order of a member 26 formed for example by one of the sensors 17, 18, 19,

  the processing member 21, or one of the control members 20 and 23.

  The order arriving via the input line 25 acts on a flip-flop 27 which unblocks the reset input of a binary counter 28 which then begins to count at the frequency

a clock 29.

  The first two bit output lines 30 and 31 of the bit counter 28 are connected to the inputs of a bit generator 32 and its three following bit output lines 33, 34, 35 are connected to the three inputs of a multiplexer 36 whose the output is connected to the bit generator 32 so that the bit generator 33 provides on its output line 37, to a transmission member 38 connected to an antenna 39 and via a gate 40 whose Another input is connected to the sixth bit output of the bit counter 28 via the line 41, the information to be transmitted displayed at the eight inputs of the multiplexer 36, this information being contained in a programming element 42, formed in: example shown, by eight switches that can occupy either a closed position or a

  open position, the value of eighteen bits representing this information

  serialization by eight-bit word on the line of

  output 37 of the bit generator 32 to be transmitted.

  The binary counter 28 is able to generate successively, on the lines 37 of the bit generator 32, several times the word contained in the programming member 42 and representing the information, This number is determined by the choice of one of its outputs 43 by connecting it to the reset input of the flip-flop

27 by line 44.

  It should be noted that the sixth output line 41 of the bit counter 28 is connected to the gate 41 and serves to inhibit transmission between two words to allow the receiver

  will describe further with reference to Figure 3 to synchronize.

  In addition, the frequency of the clock 29 can be modified by modifying its time constant determined by one of the resistors 45, 46 and 47 and the capacitor 48.

  resistors and other capacitors could be provided.

  It emerges from the foregoing that the transmitter 24 makes it possible to transmit binary type information whose content is determined by the word represented in the programming device 42, to successively repeat the information contained in the binary word a number of times determined by the choice of one of the outputs 43 of the binary counter 28, and to set a total duration of emission by the choice of one of the resistors 45, 46, 47 determines

  the time constant of the clock 29.

  With reference to FIG. 3, a receiver generally identified by the reference 49 and capable of receiving the binary information coming from a transmitter similar to the transmitter 24 shown in FIG. 2 will now be described, this receiver 49 being capable of respectively forming the receivers 15 and 16 of the

  alarm system 1 shown in FIG.

  The receiver 49 comprises an antenna 50 connected to a receiving member 51 providing on its output line 52

  the binary information received in series.

  The output line 52 of the receiving element 51 is connected to: a bit decoder 53 capable of extracting the information contained in each bit so as to store it and store it progressively in two shift registers 54 and 55 at eight 2 Q bits connected in series, the output line 52 is also connected to a bit synchronization member 56-whose output is connected to the clock inputs of the bit decoder 53 and shift registers 54 and 55 The eight parallel outputs of the shift registers 54 and 55 are connected to a word comparator 57 whose order of comparison of the two words it receives from the shift registers 54 and 55 is supplied by a word synchronizer 58 activated by the line of

  output 52 of the receiving member 51.

  As soon as the two eight-bit words contained in the shift registers 54 and 55 are identical, the word comparator 57 supplies a gate 59 with a transfer command of the eight-bit word contained in the shift register 55 representing the information This control member 60 can be, in the example, either the processing device 21 or a

  actuating member of the siren 22.

  In order to be able to decode a parallel information

  represented by words and bits of different duration and / or format.

  received by the single receiving member 51, there is provided, between the receiving member 51, on its output line 52, and the processing member 60 of the assemblies marked generally by the references 61 and 62 identical to the one just described, their

  synchronizing members not having the same time constants.

  It is thus possible, with the same receiving member 51, to receive information of different formats and duration in any number. It follows from the above that the receiver 49 is particularly adapted to take into account information contained in a binary word as soon as it has received successively two words

  identical representing this information.

  We will now describe how it is possible to adapt the transmitter 24 and the receiver 49 shown respectively in Figures 2 and 3 to the system of garmar 1 shown in Figure 1, for the purpose that this alarm system has a security of

  the greatest possible trigger.

  It should be noted that in an alarm system such as that shown in FIG. 1, it is particularly

  interesting that some radio links

  priority over others in case of simultaneous transmission It is therefore

  interesting to prioritize the devices the component.

  Indeed, it can be considered that the link 4 has between the motion detection device 4 and the central unit 5

  must have priority over the links 2a and 3a between the devices.

  of state detection 2 and 3 to be taken into account by the central 5, since the motion detection device 4 is placed, as we have seen, inside a room ' and that the state detection devices 2 and 3 are generally placed at its perimetry, the motion detection device 4 detecting an intruder already introduced into the room In addition, so that-at least one of the links 2a and 3a of one of the state detection devices 2 and 3 and the central unit 5 is taken into account by this unit, it can be considered that the state detection device 3

  has priority over the state detection device 2.

  It can be considered advantageous that the link a between the central unit 5 and the signaling device 7 has priority over the links 2a, 3a and 4a since it transmits an order

actuating the siren 22.

  It can also be considered that the link 6a between the control device 6 and the control unit 5 has priority over the links 2a, 3a, 4a and 5a, since this control device 6

  is intended to control the operating state of the center 5.

  Finally, it can be considered that the link 8a between the call-aid device 8 and the signaling device 7, which has an emergency character, as has been seen previously,

  must be a priority over all others.

  The devices forming the alarm system 1 are therefore preferably to be hierarchized in the following manner: state detection device 2, state detection device 3, motion detection device 4, central unit 5, device for detecting

  command 6, and call device using 8.

  The transmitter 24 and the receiver 49 are

  particularly-adapted p Qur be able to achieve this prioritization.

  As a result, the receiver 49 is adapted to take into account information once it has successively received two identical binary words representing this information, and it can be provided to be able to decode words and bits of duration.

and / or different format.

  It has also been seen that the transmitter 24 can transmit a binary word representing -a piece of information a number of times

  determined by the choice of one of the outputs 43 of the binary counter 28.

  Then, since the receiver 49 is able to take into account information in so far as it receives it twice in succession, it is necessary that the minimum difference in the number of repetition of the same words of identical format and duration by two hierarchically contiguous emitters 24 must be four words so that the receiver can take into account the information of the highest hierarchical transmitter if these two transmitters transmit simultaneously In general, it can be noted that this difference (nl-n) in the number of repetitions (n O and nj) between two contiguous hierarchical levels must be at least twice the number (k) of successive identical words that the receiver must receive to take into account the information contained in the word, this inequality being

nl-no:> 2 k.

  We have also seen that the transmitter 24 is adapted to transmit words of different formats by choosing a particular time constant for the clock 29, for example by choosing one of the resistors 45, 46, 47 and the receiver 49. can decode words of different format and duration If we consider that the number of words sent is n, that the duration of the non-priority words is d and that the duration of the priority words is dl and that the receiver must receive k words successive identical, for example two in the case of the receiver 49, for information to be taken into account, the total transmission time dl of the word containing the priority information must be at least equal to the total duration

  transmission of words containing the non-priority multi-

  folded by the number N of transmitted words divided by the difference between the number N of transmitted words and twice the number k of successive words n which are identical, this inequality being dl> do x N 2 k Applied to the alarm system I represented on In FIG. 1, it is possible to prioritize the detection device 2, the detection device 3, the detection device 4, the central unit 5 and the aid call device 8 by sending them words of the same format. and of the same duration and by modifying the number of repetitions of the word for each of these devices while the coordinate device 6 can be prioritized by choosing a word of different format so as to be able to

  discriminate against this device in relation to all others.

  In an example in which we voluntarily-increased the number of repetitions, we chose that the transmitter 9 of

  detecting device 2 repeats eight times a word during 128 milli-

  seconds, which leads to a total transmit time of 1024 milliseconds, that the transmitter 10 of the detection device 3 repeats the word Sixteen times, which leads to a total emission time of 2048 milliseconds, which the Transmitter 11 of the detection device 4 repeats the word twenty-four lines, which leads to a total transmission time of 3072 milliseconds, and the transmitter 12 of the central unit 5 repeats the word thirty twice, which leads to at a total transmission time of 4096 milliseconds, while for the transmitter 14 of the call aid device 8 or chosen for security, a number of repetitions of the word much higher to lead to a duration

  total emission for example greater than thirty seconds.

  In this same example it is chosen that the transmitter 13 of the control device 6, which as we have seen must be given priority over the devices 2, 3, 4 and 5, repeats thirty deum: times a word during 256 milliseconds, which leads to a total transmission time of 8182 milliseconds, the duration of transmission of this word being equal to twice the duration of transmission of each word chosen

  for the emitters of the devices 2 3, 4 and 5.

  With regard to the receiver 15 of the centralization device 5, it should be noted that it comprises, in this example, a single receiving member 51 and two decoding sets connected following this reception element 51 taking into account the it must be able to decode two words of different duration. The present invention is obviously not limited

  to the example described above It is possible to envisage hierarchical

  test installation devices other than alarm systems and in particular using a single OJ exchange channel other than radio, in particular of the carrier current type,

optical, sonic or wired.

Claims (5)

REVENPICA Tl ONS   1 Process for transmission, Su a cnal   exchange, in particular of the radioelectic or wire type, of   formations transmitted in the form of binary or digital type signals between several transmitters or groups of transmitters and at least one receiver, in which each of the transmitters is capable of transmitting, for a limited duration and at random times, by repeating   successively the information it has to transmit, proceeds with   rised by the fact that it consists in ranking each of said transmitters or groups of transmitters by assigning to each of them a different total transmission duration and to select or take into account, upon reception by said receiver of signals emitted by different issuers or groups of issuers and partially or wholly overlapping, information from the issuer is the longest.   2 Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists, for each of said transmitters or groups of transmitters, to repeat a number of times the transmission of the information represented by successive words or bits of format   or of identical duration for all transmitters.   3 Process according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists, for each of said transmitters or grbupes   transmitters, to repeat the same number of times the transmission of   represented by successive words or bits by assigning to each of said transmitters or said groups of transmitters a duration total different issue.   4 Application of the process according to any one   claims I to 3 to the prioritization of the emitting devices   an alarm system for protecting a room including in particular at least one state detection device and / or at least one motion detection device and / or at least one centralization device and / or at least one least one signaling device and / or at least one control device and / or at least one call-aid device, which devices comprise transmitting means and / or receiving means for exchanging information of   binary type on a single exchange channel.   Application according to claim 4, wherein at least two of the emitter devices of the alarm system are hierarchical, in ascending order of importance, as follows: 31587   peripheral detection device placed outside the room to be protected, perimetric detection device placed on the perimetry of the room to be protected, state or motion detection device placed inside the room to be protected, centralization device, control device, call device for help.   6 Application according to one of claims 4 and 5   the zoning of devices in geographical areas different from the local to protect.