FR2558934A2 - Domestic heating installation with a closed hearth using a solid fuel of the wood or wood-derivative type. - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention relates to the technical field of domestic heating appliances. The installation is noteworthy in that the device for automatically regulating the combustion, comprising an intake 30 for external air at the top portion emerging under the hearth 1, and a bypass duct 36 connecting the smoke duct 20 to the internal space of the installation, has a small oscillating vent 37 in the said bypass duct and a valve 38 for automatically adjusting the combustion, air inlet, in the intake duct for external air and associated with a thermostat 39; these regulating elements are placed internally so as not to be influenced by a controlled mechanical ventilation or mechanical extraction of heat to be conveyed to another room. The invention applies to all solid fuels.

Description

 The Certificate of Addition concerns a domestic heating installation with a closed hearth using a solid fuel of the wood type or its derivatives.

 The object of the invention relates to the technical sector of combustion appliances for domestic use for solid fuels.

 It will be recalled that according to the Patent Application, in particular claim 1, the installation is remarkable in that it comprises, in combination from a closed hearth preferably made of cast iron, a heat exchanger (17) of hot smoke interposed in the duct above the hearth to inject heat back into the room to be heated, an automatic vacuum regulation device for combustion with precise temperature control, an additional or secondary air intake device to obtain combustion complete and clean of fuel, and a glass door closing the fireplace with balanced lift and removable glass for easy maintenance.

 One of the objectives of the Addition is to modify the connection of the fireplace with the flue, the automatic combustion control device, and the intake of secondary air into the fireplace, in order to increase performance and make more precise operation of the installation.

 We have also modified the glass door to avoid blackening the fireplace glass and increase security.

 According to a first characteristic, the automatic combustion regulation device comprising an external air suction duct in the upper part opening out under the hearth, and a bypass duct connecting the smoke duct to the internal space of the installation , has an oscillating louver in said bypass duct and a valve for automatic adjustment of combustion air inlet in the outside air suction duct associated with a thermostat; these regulating elements being placed internally so as not to be influenced by a controlled mechanical ventilation or a mechanical extraction of heat to be conducted in another room.

 According to another characteristic, the hearth has at its upper part, a throttle offset backwards with Venturi effect, in order to avoid backflow, and two divergent ducts which can be used as desired.

 Another characteristic is that the bottom of the hearth has a hearth in two parts spaced apart to allow, in addition to the passage of primary air through the grid, the circulation of secondary air coming from the external duct on all around the sole, and in particular behind the glass door, as well as by inductive andirons, in order to avoid tar deposits.

 According to yet another characteristic, the liftable and detachable glass door is double glazed, comprising an outer glass pane resistant to a temperature of about 230 C, an air gap, and an inner pane of glass resistant to a temperature of 750 "C approx., In order to avoid accidental burns and to eliminate condensation which causes blackening.

 These characteristics and others will emerge from the description which follows.

To fix the subject of the invention without however limiting it, in the attached drawing
Figure 1 is a side view in schematic section of the installation according to the Addition.

 Figure 2 is a schematic view illustrating a fireplace with a double flue and throttle.

 Figure 3 is a schematic view illustrating a double glazed door.

 Figure 4 is a diagram illustrating a chimney installation in a building.

 In order to make the object of the invention more concrete, it is now described in nonlimiting embodiments illustrated in the figures of the drawing.

 The main components of the installation are briefly recalled according to the Patent Application, with reference to FIG. 1.

 The hearth (1) is placed on a box (2) open on the top and enclosing an ashtray (3). A glazed frame (4) closing the hearth can be raised and removed. A radiant and decorative hood (19) has upper filter air outlets (18) and encloses a heat exchanger (17) connected to the hearth by a smoke duct (20).

 According to one of the characteristics of the Addition, the device for automatic combustion regulation comprises, as in the first Certificate of Addition, a duct (30) for suction of external air connected to the box (2) for injecting l '' combustion-primary air drawn naturally by siphoning in the attic or on the roof, and which will heat up in the hood before entering the hearth through the ashtray and the grate. At the level of the smoke duct (20) is pierced a bypass duct (36) which opens in the suction duct (30), and which is equipped with an oscillating louver (37).

 A valve (38) for automatic adjustment of the combustion air inlet is arranged in the suction duct (30), below the bypass duct (36), with a thermostat (39).

 The interlocking of the valve and the vent allows precise regulation of combustion, without external influences such as controlled mechanical ventilation (VMC) and forced convection due to fans or mechanical heat extraction to heat neighboring rooms, the fact that these elements are placed inside the conduits.

 Also note that the fans (35) are arranged under the hearth, on either side of the ashtray, so as to blow the air downwards (reverse convection) to avoid dirtying the ceiling, and are controlled by a thermostat to be triggered as soon as a temperature of approximately 60 "C is reached.

 According to another characteristic illustrated in FIG. 2, the upper part of the closed hearth (1) has a throttle (lb) offset backwards relative to the glass door, so as to generate a Venturi effect preventing the backflow of the fumes which are then evacuated by one or other of the divergent conduits (40 - 41) following the type of installation.

 To improve combustion in the fireplace, provision has also been made to modify the device for injecting secondary air into the fireplace. For this, the perforated tubes are replaced by a hearth of the hearth in two parts (lc - ld) spaced between them in order to determine air circulation passages following the entire periphery of the hearth, that is to say the along the walls and the glass door, to avoid tar deposits. In addition, the secondary air is directed directly to the top of the flames through inductor tubes (42) advantageously forming andirons. This more aesthetic embodiment of injecting secondary air into the hearth constitutes a rational evolution of the device provided for in the Request. Note also that the arrangements of the installation according to the invention do not interfere with forced mechanical ventilation as is the case with known installations where the natural phenomena of pressurization or depression of the parts to be heated are unbalanced.

 We have also illustrated very schematically and by way of example, in Figure 4, three levels of a building equipped to receive at each level a heating installation (I) according to the invention connected to single suction ducts d 'air (C1) and smoke (C2) through conduits (Il - I2).

 To increase safety and eliminate tar deposits on the liftable and unfoldable glass door, there is also a double-glazed frame (43) (FIG. 3), that is to say with an external glass (43a) made of resistant glass. a temperature of approximately 230 "C (of the type known under the brand name" Pyrex "for example) and an inner pane (43b) of glass resistant to a temperature of approximately 750" C (of the type known under the brand "Pyrocéram"); these two panes being separated by an air space. It is understood that the very hot interior glass not being in direct contact with the ambient air, the condensations are eliminated and there is no dirt by tar. On the other hand, the exterior window being much less hot, the risk of burns is avoided.

 The advantages are apparent from the description.

 The invention is in no way limited to that of its modes of application any more than to those of the embodiments of its various parts having been more especially indicated, on the contrary it embraces all variants.

Claims (5)

-1- Installation of domestic heating with closed hearth using a solid fuel of the wood type or its derivatives, comprising in combination from a closed hearth (1) preferably in cast iron, a heat exchanger (17) of hot smoke interposed in the duct above the hearth to inject heat back into the room to be heated, an automatic vacuum regulation device for combustion with precise temperature control, an additional or secondary air intake device to obtain combustion complete and clean of fuel, and a glass door (4) for closing the fireplace with balanced lift and removable glass to facilitate maintenance, characterized in that the automatic combustion control device comprising a conduit (30) suction of outside air in the upper part opening under the hearth (1), and a bypass duct (36) connecting the smoke duct (20) to the internal space of the installation, has a vent (3 7) oscillating in said bypass duct and a valve (38) for automatic adjustment of combustion air inlet in the outside air suction duct associated with a thermostat (39); these regulating elements being placed internally so as not to be influenced by a controlled mechanical ventilation or a mechanical extraction of heat to be conducted in another room. -2- Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the hearth (1) has at its upper part a throttle (lb) offset backwards with Venturi effect, in order to avoid backflow, and two smoke pipes (40 41 ) can be used as desired. -3- Installation according to claim l, characterized in that the bottom of the hearth has a hearth in two parts (lc - ld) spaced apart to allow in addition to the passage to the center of the primary air by the grid (la), the circulation of secondary air coming from the external duct (30) all around the sole, and in particular behind the glass door (4) as well as by inductive andirons (42), in order to avoid tar deposits . -4- Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the glass door (4) liftable and unfoldable is double glazed, comprising a frame (43) formed of an outer glass (43a) made of glass resistant to a temperature of 230 "C approx., An air gap, and an outer pane (43b) of glass resistant to a temperature of 750" C approx., In order to avoid accidental burns and to eliminate the condensations which cause blackening. -5- Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that fans (35) disposed under the hearth, on either side of the ashtray, are oriented to blow the air down and are controlled by a thermostat triggering the said fans when the temperature reaches approximately 60 "C.