FR2540538A1 - Method for constructing an isothermal masonry structure, brick, building block and profiled joist for the implementation of this method - Google Patents
Method for constructing an isothermal masonry structure, brick, building block and profiled joist for the implementation of this method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2540538A1 FR2540538A1 FR8302000A FR8302000A FR2540538A1 FR 2540538 A1 FR2540538 A1 FR 2540538A1 FR 8302000 A FR8302000 A FR 8302000A FR 8302000 A FR8302000 A FR 8302000A FR 2540538 A1 FR2540538 A1 FR 2540538A1
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- brick
- insulating material
- wall
- vertical
- thermally insulating
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009421 internal insulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003456 pulmonary alveoli Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/16—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material
- E04B1/164—Structures made from masses, e.g. of concrete, cast or similarly formed in situ with or without making use of additional elements, such as permanent forms, substructures to be coated with load-bearing material with vertical and horizontal slabs, only the horizontal slabs being partially cast in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
- E04B2/52—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities the walls being characterised by fillings in some of the cavities forming load-bearing pillars or beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B5/23—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated
- E04B5/26—Floor structures partly formed in situ with stiffening ribs or other beam-like formations wholly or partly prefabricated with filling members between the beams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
- E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
- E04C1/41—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts composed of insulating material and load-bearing concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7679—Means preventing cold bridging at the junction of an exterior wall with an interior wall or a floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
- E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
- E04B2002/0289—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material
- E04B2002/0293—Building elements with holes filled with insulating material solid material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
PROCEDE DE CONSTRUCTION D'UNE STRUCTURE DE MACONNERIE ISOTHERME, BRI
QUE, HOURDIS ET POUTRELLE PROFILEE POUR LA MISE EN OEUVRE DE CE PROCEDE
La présente invention concerne un procédé de construction d'une struc ture de maçonnerie isotherme, horizontale et verticale.METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING AN ISOTHERMAL, BIS MASONRY STRUCTURE
THAT, HOURDIS AND PROFILED POUTRELLE FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS PROCESS
The present invention relates to a method of constructing an insulated masonry structure, horizontal and vertical.
Elle concerne également une brique pour la réalisation de structures de maçonnerie isothermes verticales, ainsi qu'un hourdis et une poutrelle profilée pour la réalisation de structures de maçonnerie isothermes horizontales, selon ce procédé.It also relates to a brick for making vertical insulated masonry structures, as well as a slab and a profiled beam for making horizontal insulated masonry structures, according to this method.
On connait déjà des procédés de construction utilisant des briques pourvues d'alvéoles remplis d'un matériau isolant. Même si ces briques considérées individuellement sont relativement bien isoles, les murs réalisés à l'aide de ces matériaux le sont moins en raison de l'existence de ponts thermiques dus au mortier reliant les rangées- de briques entre elles.Construction methods are already known using bricks provided with cells filled with an insulating material. Even if these bricks considered individually are relatively well insulated, the walls made using these materials are less so because of the existence of thermal bridges due to the mortar connecting the rows of bricks together.
Pour pallier l'inconvénient des ponts thermiques dûs à la couche de mortier entre les lignes de briques on a proposé, notamment dans le brevet français publié sous le No 2. 296.065, de disposer des bandes isolantes composées d'un boudin ou d'une tresse d'un matériau isolant tel que la laine de verre ou de roche, entourés d'une gaine étanche, entre les lits de mortier formant.le joint horizontal de deux rangées superposées de briques.- Cette réalisation nécessite une mise en place laborieuse et soignee et entraîne des frais de construction élevés.To overcome the drawback of thermal bridges due to the layer of mortar between the brick lines, it has been proposed, in particular in the French patent published under No. 2, 296.065, to have insulating strips composed of a tube or a braid of an insulating material such as glass wool or rock wool, surrounded by a tight sheath, between the mortar beds forming the horizontal joint of two superimposed rows of bricks.- This realization requires a laborious installation and neat and involves high construction costs.
Une autre réalisation originale est décrite dans le brevet français publié sous le No 2.335.663 qui illustre une brique comportant à sa face supérieure et à sa face inferieure deux gorges identiques déca- lees l'une par rapport à l'autre, dans lesquelles sont introduite des bandes isolantes. Le mur comporte ainsi une succession de bandes décalées, placées en chicanes, qui sont obligatoirement limitées en epaisseur pour ne pas trop affaiblir la brique et qui ne-forment-pas une barriere isolante ininterrompue à l'intérieur du mur. Ceci constitue un inconvénient qui a pour conséquence de réduire sensiblement l'efficacité de l'isolation.Another original embodiment is described in the French patent published under No. 2,335,663 which illustrates a brick comprising on its upper face and on its lower face two identical grooves offset one with respect to the other, in which are introduced insulating strips. The wall thus comprises a succession of offset strips, placed in baffles, which are necessarily limited in thickness so as not to weaken the brick too much and which do not form an uninterrupted insulating barrier inside the wall. This constitutes a drawback which has the consequence of significantly reducing the efficiency of the insulation.
La présente invention se propose de pallier ces inconvénients en développant un procédé par lequel on obtient une structure verticale ou horizontale bien isolée, a l'aide d'un seul élément composite préfabriqué, facile à manipuler, à stocker et à assembler.The present invention proposes to overcome these drawbacks by developing a process by which a well insulated vertical or horizontal structure is obtained, using a single prefabricated composite element, easy to handle, to store and to assemble.
Dans ce but, le procédé selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise pour la réalisation de la structure verticale, des briques ayant chacune une première paroi extérieure protectrice pourvue de perforations verticales multiples, séparées par un reseau de cloisons fines, une seconde paroi intérieure portante également pourvue de perforations verticales multiples séparées par un réseau de cloisons fines, et des cloisons de liaison reliant ladite première paroi à ladite seconde paroi en définissant des alvéoles de section sensiblement plus importante que celle desdites perforations verticales, ces alvéoles traversant la brique de part en part dans le sens de la hauteur et étant remplis respectivement d'un bloc rigide d'un matériau thermiquement isolant, ces blocs étant reliés entre eux à 1' une de leurs premières extrémités libres, par une plaque de matériau thermiquement isolant dont l'épaisseur est sensiblement egale à celle de la couche de mortier utilisée pour relier les rangées horizontales de briques entre elles, cette plaque étant reliée à un bloc extérieur de matériau thermiquement isolant disposé le long d'au moins une paroi verticale de la brique, pour assurer l'isolation du joint vertical entre deux briques adjacentes d'une même ligne ; en ce que l'on juxtapose ces briques sur une même rangée de telle manière que lesdites plaques forment une bande continue d'isolation horizontale, en ce que l'on dépose le mortier de part et d'autre de cette bande isolante centrale, sur le dessus desdites première et seconde parois, l'isolation verticale intérieure des briques étant assurée par les blocs logés dans les alvéoles et l'isolation des joints verticaux entre les briques étant assurée par lesdits blocs exterieurs ; et en ce que l'on utilise pour la réalisation de la structure horizontale, des hottrdîs-à-alvéoles contenant dans chaque alvéole une bloc rigide de matériau thermiquement isolant et recouverts sur leur face supé- riéure d'une couche de ce même matériau, ainsi que des poutrelles profilees portantes, dont la surface inférieure est au moins revêtue d'une couche de matériau thermiquement isolant.For this purpose, the method according to the invention is characterized in that bricks are used for the realization of the vertical structure, each having a first protective outer wall provided with multiple vertical perforations, separated by a network of fine partitions, a second load-bearing interior wall also provided with multiple vertical perforations separated by a network of fine partitions, and connecting partitions connecting said first wall to said second wall by defining cells of substantially larger section than that of said vertical perforations, these cells passing through the brick from side to side in the height direction and being respectively filled with a rigid block of a thermally insulating material, these blocks being interconnected at one of their first free ends, by a plate of thermally material insulation whose thickness is substantially equal to that of the layer of mortar used to connect the horizontal rows of bricks together, this plate being connected to an external block of thermally insulating material placed along at least one vertical wall of the brick, to insulate the vertical joint between two adjacent bricks of the same line ; in that these bricks are juxtaposed on the same row so that said plates form a continuous strip of horizontal insulation, in that the mortar is placed on either side of this central insulating strip, on the top of said first and second walls, the interior vertical insulation of the bricks being provided by the blocks housed in the cells and the insulation of the vertical joints between the bricks being provided by said exterior blocks; and in that one uses for the realization of the horizontal structure, hottrdîs-à-alveoles containing in each alveolus a rigid block of thermally insulating material and covered on their upper face with a layer of this same material, as well as bearing profiled beams, the lower surface of which is at least coated with a layer of thermally insulating material.
Dans ce but également, la brique pour la réalisation d'une structure de maçonnerie isotherme verticale selon le procédé de construction cidessus, est caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une première paroi ex extérieure protectrice pourvue deperforations verticales multiples separées par un réseau de cloisons fines, une seconde paroi i-ntérieure portante également pourvue de perforations verticales multiples séparées par un réseau de cloisons fines1 et des cloisons de liaison reliant ladite première paroi à ladite seconde paroi en définissant des alvéoles de section sensiblement plus importante que celle desdites perforations verticales, ces alvéoles traversant la brique de part en part dans le sens de la hauteur, ainsi qu'un élément isolant composé de blocs rigides intérieurs et d'un bloc extérieur d'un matériau thermiquement isolant, ces blocs étant reliés à leur face supériieure par une plaque de matériau thermiquement isolant, les blocs intérieurs étant conçus pour remplir les alvéoles de la brique et le bloc extérieur étant conçu pour prendre appui contre au moins une des faces verticales latérales de la brique, l'épaisseur de cette plaque étant au moins approximativement égale à l'épaisseur de la couche de mortier que l'on place entre deux rangées successives de briques.For this purpose also, the brick for the realization of a vertical insulated masonry structure according to the above construction method, is characterized in that it comprises a first protective external wall provided with multiple vertical perforations separated by a network of fine partitions , a second internal bearing wall also provided with multiple vertical perforations separated by a network of fine partitions1 and connecting partitions connecting said first wall to said second wall by defining cells of substantially larger section than that of said vertical perforations cells crossing the brick from side to side in the height direction, as well as an insulating element composed of rigid internal blocks and an external block of a thermally insulating material, these blocks being connected to their upper face by a plate of thermally insulating material, the inner blocks being designed to fill the cells the of the brick and the outer block being designed to bear against at least one of the lateral vertical faces of the brick, the thickness of this plate being at least approximately equal to the thickness of the layer of mortar which is placed between two successive rows of bricks.
Le hourdis-pour la réalisation d'une structure de maçonnerie isotherme horizontale selon le procédé precédent est caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte plusieurs alveoles centraux remplis de blocs en matériau thermiquement isolant, et une plaque fixée contre la paroi supérieure du hourdis.The slab-for the realization of a horizontal insulated masonry structure according to the previous process is characterized in that it comprises several central cells filled with blocks of thermally insulating material, and a plate fixed against the upper wall of the slab.
Enfin la poutrelle profilée pour la realisation de cette structure de maçonnerie isotherme horizontale est caractérisée en ce qu'elle compor -te à sa base, une plaque d'un matériau thermiquement isolant.Finally the profiled beam for the realization of this horizontal isothermal masonry structure is characterized in that it comprises at its base, a plate of a thermally insulating material.
Selon une forme de réalisation preférée du procédé de l'invention, on réalise d'une pièce par moulage par injection, un élément composé des blocs intérieurs, de la plaque de liaison et du bloc extérieur en un matériau thermiquement isolant, et l'on associe cet élement à une brique en enfonçant les blocs intérieurs dans leurs alvéoles respectifs et en collant le bloc exterieur contre la paroi latérale adjacente de la brique. I1 est bien- entendu que le bloc extérieur unique pourrait être remplace par deux blocs dont l'épaisseur est la moitié de celle du bloc unique, ces deux demi-blocs étant collés le long de chacune des parois latérales de la brique.According to a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention, an element composed of the interior blocks, the connection plate and the exterior block is made of a thermally insulating material, in one piece by injection molding, and associates this element with a brick by pushing the interior blocks into their respective cells and by gluing the exterior block against the adjacent side wall of the brick. It is understood that the single external block could be replaced by two blocks whose thickness is half that of the single block, these two half-blocks being glued along each of the side walls of the brick.
Selon un autre mode réalisation, l'on réalise d'une pièce par découpage d'un plot compact en matériau thermiquement isolant, un élément isolant compose de blocs intérieurs, de la plaque de liaison et du bloc exterieur, et lion associe cet élement à une brique en enfonçant les plots intérieurs dans leurs alvéoles respectifs et en collant le bloc extérieur unique (ou les deux demi-blocs) contre la-(ou les) paroi adjacente de la brique.According to another embodiment, a piece is produced by cutting out a compact pad made of thermally insulating material, an insulating element composed of interior blocks, of the connection plate and of the exterior block, and lion associates this element with a brick by pressing the interior studs into their respective cells and by gluing the single exterior block (or the two half-blocks) against the- (or the) adjacent wall of the brick.
L'élément isolant est de préférence réalisé en polystyrène expansé,
toutefois tout autre matériau isolant se prêtant alune mise en forme par moulage ou par découpage, pourrait également être utilisé.The insulating element is preferably made of expanded polystyrene,
however any other insulating material suitable for alune shaped by molding or cutting, could also be used.
Une mise en place rapide et aisee de l'isolant rattaché à la poutrelle s'obtient de préférence grâce à des clips ou tout dispositif similaire qui s'engage dans des encoches menagées le long des bords verticaux des hourdis. Une garniture de décoration et/ou de protection en plâtre, en bois ou en tout autre matériau approprié, est de pre- ference fixee sous la couche isolante garnissant la face inférieure desdites poutrelles profilées.A quick and easy installation of the insulation attached to the beam is preferably obtained by clips or any similar device which engages in notches formed along the vertical edges of the slabs. A decorative and / or protective lining made of plaster, wood or any other suitable material is preferably fixed under the insulating layer lining the underside of said profiled beams.
La presente invention sera mieux comprise en référence à la description d'un exemple de réalisation et du dessin annexé dans lequel
La figure 1 représente une vue en..perspective éclatee d'une première forme de réalisation d'une brique selon l'invention. The present invention will be better understood with reference to the description of an embodiment and the accompanying drawing in which
Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of a brick according to the invention.
La figure 2 illustre une vue de dessous d'une autre forme de réalisation d'une brique d'angle selon l'invention,
La figure 3 est une vue en coupe illustrant le mode de réalisation d'une structure horizontale au moyen du procédé selon l'invention, et
La figure 4.represente une vue en perspective illustrant une construc- tion comportant une structure verticale et une structure horizontale selon l'invention.FIG. 2 illustrates a bottom view of another embodiment of a corner brick according to the invention,
FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating the embodiment of a horizontal structure by means of the method according to the invention, and
Figure 4. shows a perspective view illustrating a construction comprising a vertical structure and a horizontal structure according to the invention.
En référence a la fig. 1, la brique représentée 10 comporte une première paroi extérieure protectrice lI pourvue de perforations verticales 12 séparées par un reseau de cloisons fines 13, une seconde paroi intérieure 14 également portante, pourvue de perforations verticales 15 séparées par un réseau de cloisons fines 16. Des cloisons de liaison 17 relient entre elles les deux parois extérieure 11 et intérieure 14 et définissent des alvéoles 9 . Sur sa partie centrale, la brique présente d'une manière connue en soi, des renfoncements 18 et 19 ménages dans ses bords verticaux lateraux.With reference to fig. 1, the brick shown 10 has a first protective outer wall II provided with vertical perforations 12 separated by a network of fine partitions 13, a second interior wall 14 also bearing, provided with vertical perforations 15 separated by a network of fine partitions 16. Des connecting partitions 17 connect the two outer 11 and inner 14 walls together and define cells 9. On its central part, the brick has, in a manner known per se, recesses 18 and 19 households in its lateral vertical edges.
L'élément isolant 20 associe à la brique 10, comporte des blocs interieurs 21 dont la forme et les dimensions correspondent à celles des alvéoles 9, un bloc extérieur 22, destiné à être partiellement loge dans l'évidement 18 et colle contre la paroi verticale correspondante de la brique, et une plaque supérieure 23 qui relie à leurs parties supérieures les blocs 21 et 22. Cet élement isolant est réalisé par moulage par injection, par exemple en polystyrène expanse ou en tout autre matériau isolant pouvant être moulé ou découpé. Il est préparé et mis en place sur la brique dans l'usine. L'épaisseur de la plaque 23 est sensiblement égale à l'epaisseur du cordon de mortier destiné à être déposé sur les surfaces supérieures des parois extérieure et intérieure portantes, lors de la construction.Sa largeur est de préference égale à la largeur des alvéoles 9. Toutefois, dans un procédé de moulage, un rebord latéral pourrait être prévu de sorte-que la largeur de la plaque 23 pourrait éventuellement dépasser celle des al véroles 9 e L'épaisseur du bloc extérieur 22 est, dans cette réalisa tion sensiblement égalé au double de la profondeur de l'évidement 18, de sorte que ce bloc extérieur remplisse à la fois .1 'évidement 18 de la brique représentée et l'évidement adjacent de la brique suivante. The insulating element 20 associated with the brick 10, comprises interior blocks 21 whose shape and dimensions correspond to those of the cells 9, an external block 22, intended to be partially housed in the recess 18 and sticks against the vertical wall corresponding brick, and an upper plate 23 which connects their upper parts blocks 21 and 22. This insulating element is made by injection molding, for example in expanded polystyrene or in any other insulating material which can be molded or cut. It is prepared and placed on the brick in the factory. The thickness of the plate 23 is substantially equal to the thickness of the mortar bead intended to be deposited on the upper surfaces of the load-bearing exterior and interior walls, during construction. Its width is preferably equal to the width of the cells 9 However, in a molding process, a lateral rim could be provided so that the width of the plate 23 could possibly exceed that of the al-bolts 9 e The thickness of the external block 22 is, in this embodiment substantially equal to double the depth of the recess 18, so that this outer block fills both the recess 18 of the brick shown and the adjacent recess of the next brick.
placée sur la même ligne.placed on the same line.
La figure .2 représente une vue de dessous d'une forme de réalisation d'une brique d'angle. Cette brique 30 diffère de la précédente en ce que son bord vertical latéral 31 est droit et ne présente pas l'évi- dement central 32 ménage dans sa paroi laterale opposée. Sur ce dessin, un bloc extérieur 34 dont la profondeur est égale à celle de l'évidement de la brique, remplace le bloc 22 d'épaisseur double de la figure 1 lorsqu'un tel bloc est prévu sur les deux côtés de la brique.Par ailleurs, les alvéoles centraux 35 sont remplis comme précédemment de blocs de matériau isolant reliés par une plaque supe rieur
La structure horizontale représentée par la fig. 3 se compose de poutrelles 40, par exemple en béton arme, disposees parallelenentg et dont l'espace intermédiaire est rempli par des hourdis 41 pourvus d'alvéoles intérieurs 42 remplis par des blocs en matériau isolant tel que du polystyrène expansé. Une plaque ou couche de recouvrement 43 est collée à la face supérieure de chaque hourdis. Par la suite, une dalle 44 en béton est coulée par dessus les blocs de recouvrement 43 et la tête des poutrelles 40. Les hourdis 41 comportent le long de leurs bords latéraux un evidement triangulaire 45 qui permet l'introduction de clips 46 dont le rôle est de retenir plaquée contre la base des poutrelles 40, une couche de matériau isolant 47 protégée par une garniture 48 en plâtre, en bois ou en tout autre matériau approprie, qui assure la protection et Oventuellement une finition esthe- tique de la construction.Figure .2 shows a bottom view of an embodiment of a corner brick. This brick 30 differs from the previous one in that its lateral vertical edge 31 is straight and does not have the central recess 32 formed in its opposite lateral wall. In this drawing, an outer block 34, the depth of which is equal to that of the recess in the brick, replaces the block 22 of double thickness in FIG. 1 when such a block is provided on both sides of the brick. Furthermore, the central cells 35 are filled as before with blocks of insulating material connected by a top plate.
The horizontal structure shown in fig. 3 consists of beams 40, for example in reinforced concrete, arranged parallelenentg and whose intermediate space is filled by slabs 41 provided with internal cells 42 filled by blocks of insulating material such as expanded polystyrene. A cover plate or layer 43 is glued to the upper face of each slab. Subsequently, a concrete slab 44 is poured over the covering blocks 43 and the head of the beams 40. The slabs 41 have along their lateral edges a triangular recess 45 which allows the introduction of clips 46 whose role is to retain pressed against the base of the beams 40, a layer of insulating material 47 protected by a lining 48 made of plaster, wood or any other suitable material, which provides protection and possibly an aesthetic finish to the construction.
La figure 4 illustre schématiquement une construction réalisée avec
les matériaux décrits. Les plaques de recouvrement 50 forment l'isola tion des joints horizontaux. Les blocs intérieurs 51 forment l'isolation intérieure des murs. Les blocs extérieurs 52 forment l'isolation des joints verticaux. Les blocs de recouvrement 53 et les plots 54 logés à l'intérieur des hourdis forment l'isolation de la dalle. De cette maniere,-on obtient une construction isotherme qui, du fait que les pierres sont entierement réalisées en usine, est montée avec facilité sans necessiter aucune mani-pulation du matériau isolant sur le chantier. Ce système permet par conséquent une construction très efficace et particulièrement économique. En outre, du fait que la paroi extérieure des briques est plus fine que la paroi intérieure, la couche isolante est relativement proche de la surface extérieure de la construction, ce qui d'après de récentes études assure une meilleure isolation du bâtiment et confère aux murs intérieurs une meilleure inertie thermique.Figure 4 schematically illustrates a construction made with
the materials described. The cover plates 50 form the insulation of the horizontal joints. The interior blocks 51 form the interior insulation of the walls. The outer blocks 52 form the insulation of the vertical joints. The covering blocks 53 and the studs 54 housed inside the slabs form the insulation of the slab. In this way, -on obtains an isothermal construction which, because the stones are entirely made in the factory, is easily mounted without requiring any manipulation of the insulating material on the site. This system therefore allows a very efficient and particularly economical construction. In addition, because the outer wall of the bricks is thinner than the inner wall, the insulating layer is relatively close to the exterior surface of the building, which according to recent studies ensures better insulation of the building and gives the interior walls better thermal inertia.
La présente invention peut subir differentes modifications évidentes pour l'homme de l'art et. se présenter sous differentes variantes. I1 est notammment possible de modifier la géométrie des briques, des hourdis ou le profil des poutrelles. The present invention can undergo various modifications obvious to a person skilled in the art and. come in different variants. It is notably possible to modify the geometry of the bricks, the slabs or the profile of the beams.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8302000A FR2540538B1 (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1983-02-07 | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING AN ISOTHERMAL, BRICK, HOURDIS AND PROFILED BEAM MASONRY STRUCTURE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
| DE19848403347 DE8403347U1 (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1984-02-06 | BUILDING BLOCK FOR THE CREATION OF AN ISOTHERMAL MASONRY |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8302000A FR2540538B1 (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1983-02-07 | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING AN ISOTHERMAL, BRICK, HOURDIS AND PROFILED BEAM MASONRY STRUCTURE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2540538A1 true FR2540538A1 (en) | 1984-08-10 |
| FR2540538B1 FR2540538B1 (en) | 1987-04-10 |
Family
ID=9285730
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8302000A Expired FR2540538B1 (en) | 1983-02-07 | 1983-02-07 | METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING AN ISOTHERMAL, BRICK, HOURDIS AND PROFILED BEAM MASONRY STRUCTURE FOR CARRYING OUT THIS METHOD |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE8403347U1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2540538B1 (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0628673A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-14 | Siegfried Gebhart | Block for shutterings |
| FR2955129A1 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-15 | Moncef Souissi | FLOOR |
| FR2973406A1 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-05 | Ct Tech Des Materiaux Naturels De Construction Ctmnc | Construction element e.g. masonry block, for constructing wall in building, has monolithic solid block including cavities having constant cross-sections, where sections of cavities distributed in transverse plane are heterogeneous |
| FR2977600A1 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-11 | Perin Et Cie | Edge tile for use between intermediate floor and exterior wall of e.g. single-family house, has framework defining housing to receive insulation element that is made of polymer, where framework is manufactured from light aggregate concrete |
| FR3003879A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-03 | Wienerberger | BUILDING BLOCK WITH ALVEOLES OF DIFFERENT SECTIONS |
| EP2966235A1 (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-13 | Marstein, Vidar | Building block for wall construction |
| FR3046426A1 (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-07 | Fabemi Gestion | CONSTRUCTION BLOCK INCORPORATING A THERMAL INSULATION ELEMENT IN A MIXED CONCRETE BLOCK |
| BE1024753B1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-06-20 | Fixolite Usines S A | COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION BLOCK OF THE INSULATING PARPAING TYPE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| CN112324011A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-05 | 平泉天罡建材制造有限公司 | Environment-friendly combined wall |
| US20210189723A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2021-06-24 | Gablok SA | Construction element |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3433666A1 (en) * | 1984-09-13 | 1986-03-20 | KLB Klimaleichtblock Vertriebs-Gesellschaft mbH, 5450 Neuwied | WALL BUILDING ELEMENT |
| DE102006022871B4 (en) * | 2006-05-16 | 2010-02-11 | Unipor-Ziegel-Marketing Gmbh | Method for producing a thermally insulating wall and thermally insulating wall |
| IT1398354B1 (en) * | 2009-10-01 | 2013-02-22 | Unibloc S R L | MASONRY BLOCK WITH INSULATING MATERIAL INSERT DELIMITED BY WEAKENING LINES. |
| IT1396633B1 (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2012-12-14 | Selpac S R L | THERMAL INSULATION, IN PARTICULAR IN EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE, FOR PERFORATED BRICKS |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB662148A (en) * | 1949-01-12 | 1951-12-05 | Ernest Roland Hole | Improvements in and relating to hollow or other block floor constructions |
| FR1053404A (en) * | 1952-04-04 | 1954-02-02 | Process for establishing floors and elements for its implementation | |
| US3204381A (en) * | 1962-10-12 | 1965-09-07 | Formbloc Inc | Composite insulated building block and wall structure |
| FR2188011A1 (en) * | 1972-06-06 | 1974-01-18 | Moritz Jean Pie Re | |
| FR2272235A1 (en) * | 1974-05-21 | 1975-12-19 | Gebhart Siegfried | Clay mortar mix hollow building block - has integral supporting strips on lower face running parallel with wall |
| FR2292816A1 (en) * | 1974-11-29 | 1976-06-25 | Moritz Jean Pierre | Heat insulating prefabricated building blocks - with matching shaped areas on faces and insulating slab between two sections |
| FR2359257A1 (en) * | 1976-07-21 | 1978-02-17 | Saret | Fire-resistant girder supported floor - has central vertical wall supporting bottom wall at each side with breakage zones formed in event of expansion of bottom wall |
-
1983
- 1983-02-07 FR FR8302000A patent/FR2540538B1/en not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-02-06 DE DE19848403347 patent/DE8403347U1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB662148A (en) * | 1949-01-12 | 1951-12-05 | Ernest Roland Hole | Improvements in and relating to hollow or other block floor constructions |
| FR1053404A (en) * | 1952-04-04 | 1954-02-02 | Process for establishing floors and elements for its implementation | |
| US3204381A (en) * | 1962-10-12 | 1965-09-07 | Formbloc Inc | Composite insulated building block and wall structure |
| FR2188011A1 (en) * | 1972-06-06 | 1974-01-18 | Moritz Jean Pie Re | |
| FR2272235A1 (en) * | 1974-05-21 | 1975-12-19 | Gebhart Siegfried | Clay mortar mix hollow building block - has integral supporting strips on lower face running parallel with wall |
| FR2292816A1 (en) * | 1974-11-29 | 1976-06-25 | Moritz Jean Pierre | Heat insulating prefabricated building blocks - with matching shaped areas on faces and insulating slab between two sections |
| FR2359257A1 (en) * | 1976-07-21 | 1978-02-17 | Saret | Fire-resistant girder supported floor - has central vertical wall supporting bottom wall at each side with breakage zones formed in event of expansion of bottom wall |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| CAHIER DU C.S.T.B., no. 1330, livraison 161, juillet/août 1975, avis no. 3/74-17, pages 1-4, Paris (FR); SOC. SIBEL: "Avis sur le plancher KAISER KT 600 à isolation thermique intégrée". * |
| CAHIER DU C.S.T.B., no. 1707, livraison 219, mai 1981, avis no. 3/79-68, pages 1-11, Paris (FR); Soc. DAVUM S.A.: "Additif à l'avis sur le plancher DFC à isolation thermique intégrée". * |
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0628673A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1994-12-14 | Siegfried Gebhart | Block for shutterings |
| US5509245A (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1996-04-23 | Gebhart; Siegfried | Formwork brick |
| FR2955129A1 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-15 | Moncef Souissi | FLOOR |
| WO2011086294A1 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2011-07-21 | Moncef Souissi | Floor |
| FR2973406A1 (en) * | 2011-03-29 | 2012-10-05 | Ct Tech Des Materiaux Naturels De Construction Ctmnc | Construction element e.g. masonry block, for constructing wall in building, has monolithic solid block including cavities having constant cross-sections, where sections of cavities distributed in transverse plane are heterogeneous |
| FR2977600A1 (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-11 | Perin Et Cie | Edge tile for use between intermediate floor and exterior wall of e.g. single-family house, has framework defining housing to receive insulation element that is made of polymer, where framework is manufactured from light aggregate concrete |
| FR3003879A1 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2014-10-03 | Wienerberger | BUILDING BLOCK WITH ALVEOLES OF DIFFERENT SECTIONS |
| EP2966235A1 (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2016-01-13 | Marstein, Vidar | Building block for wall construction |
| FR3046426A1 (en) * | 2016-01-06 | 2017-07-07 | Fabemi Gestion | CONSTRUCTION BLOCK INCORPORATING A THERMAL INSULATION ELEMENT IN A MIXED CONCRETE BLOCK |
| BE1024753B1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-06-20 | Fixolite Usines S A | COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION BLOCK OF THE INSULATING PARPAING TYPE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| FR3066772A1 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-30 | Fixolite Usines | COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION BLOCK OF THE INSULATING PARPAING TYPE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME |
| US20210189723A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2021-06-24 | Gablok SA | Construction element |
| CN112324011A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-02-05 | 平泉天罡建材制造有限公司 | Environment-friendly combined wall |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2540538B1 (en) | 1987-04-10 |
| DE8403347U1 (en) | 1984-11-08 |
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| ST | Notification of lapse |