FR2499615A1 - Insulating wall covering - made of e.g. synthetic foam blocks coated with glass fibre reinforced plaster - Google Patents
Insulating wall covering - made of e.g. synthetic foam blocks coated with glass fibre reinforced plaster Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- FR2499615A1 FR2499615A1 FR8102675A FR8102675A FR2499615A1 FR 2499615 A1 FR2499615 A1 FR 2499615A1 FR 8102675 A FR8102675 A FR 8102675A FR 8102675 A FR8102675 A FR 8102675A FR 2499615 A1 FR2499615 A1 FR 2499615A1
- Authority
- FR
- France
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- plaster
- grooves
- cavities
- synthetic material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B19/00—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon
- B28B19/003—Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon to insulating material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a essentiellement pour objet une plaque d'habillage et d'isolation internes pour l'industrie du bâtiment destinée en particulier à la pose sur des murs ou cloisons préexistants. The present invention essentially relates to an internal covering and insulation plate for the building industry intended in particular for laying on preexisting walls or partitions.
On connaît de nombreuses sortes de telles plaques qui cependant présentent toutes des difficultés d'utilisation et/ou des défauts au niveau de la qualité et de l'aspect. Numerous kinds of such plates are known, which however all present difficulties in use and / or defects in terms of quality and appearance.
Parmi les plaques d'habillage et d'isolation connues, on peut citer des plaques en agglomérés de bois, fibres ou autres. Avec de telles plaques, on ne peut réaliser que des surfaces d'aspect grossières, défauts auxquels il n'est possible dereméier que par des travaux de finition délicats et coûteux. Among the known cladding and insulation plates, there may be mentioned plates made of agglomerated wood, fibers or the like. With such plates, only coarse-looking surfaces can be produced, defects which can only be remedied by delicate and costly finishing works.
Sont également connues des cloisons préfabriquées de toute la hauteur d'un mur. De telles cloisons sont difficiles à poser, difficiles à manutentionner et posent des problèmes délicats de raccordement entre elles ét entre plafond et plancher. Also known are prefabricated partitions the full height of a wall. Such partitions are difficult to install, difficult to handle and pose delicate problems of connection between them and between ceiling and floor.
En outre, il n'existe actuellement aucune plaque pouvant assurer à la fois un habillage et une isolation internes de qualité, ni a fortiori de telles plaques d'emploi simple et économique. In addition, there is currently no plate capable of ensuring both a quality internal covering and insulation, or a fortiori such plates simple and economical to use.
L'invention a pour objet précisément de telles plaques présentant ces qualités, se caractérisant en ce qu'elles comprennent au moins une couche formant plaque d'isolation thermique en un matériau synthétique expansé léger, tel que mousse de polyuréthane ou polyéthylène notamment et au moins une couche de plâtre armé par une armature de fibre de verre ou analogue formant surface de parement et isolation phonique maintenue appliquée en contact et solidaire de ladite plaque en matériau synthétique par des moyens constitués par des rainures en forme de queue d'aronde ou des cavités ou rainures à section de dégagement extérieur inférieure ou décalée par rapport à une section plus intérieure desdites cavités ou rainures, lesdites rainures ou cavités étant ménagées dansladite plaque en matériau synthétique et ladite couche de plâtre remplissant sensiblement lesdites cavités ou rainures. The subject of the invention is precisely such plates having these qualities, characterized in that they comprise at least one layer forming a thermal insulation plate made of a light expanded synthetic material, in particular polyurethane or polyethylene foam and at least a layer of plaster reinforced by a fiberglass or similar reinforcement forming a facing surface and sound insulation maintained applied in contact and integral with said synthetic material plate by means constituted by dovetail-shaped grooves or cavities or grooves with a lower external clearance section or offset from a more internal section of said cavities or grooves, said grooves or cavities being formed in said plate made of synthetic material and said plaster layer substantially filling said cavities or grooves.
Une plaque ainsi conçue présente de très nombreux avantages résultant d'une combinaison particulièrement heureuse des matériaux choisis : mousse synthétique, plâtre et armature du plâtre et du choix particulier des moyens à emboîtement ou emprisonnement du plâtre dans des rainures ou cavités empêchant toute séparation et décollement de la plaque en matériau synthétique et de la plaque en plâtre armé. A plate thus designed has numerous advantages resulting from a particularly happy combination of the materials chosen: synthetic foam, plaster and plaster frame and the particular choice of means for interlocking or trapping the plaster in grooves or cavities preventing any separation and detachment. of the synthetic material plate and of the reinforced plaster plate.
Parmi les nombreux avantages obtenus, on citera notamment
1. La grande légèreté de la plaque composite facilitant le transport et la pose,
2. La facilité de la pose contre une paroi ou un mur préexistant quelle que soit la qualité de ladite paroi ou dudit mur, cette pose pouvant se faire par collage, clouage, vissage ou agrafage par exemple.Among the many advantages obtained, there will be mentioned in particular
1. The great lightness of the composite plate facilitating transport and installation,
2. The ease of laying against a wall or a preexisting wall regardless of the quality of said wall or said wall, this pose can be done by gluing, nailing, screwing or stapling for example.
3. La très belle finition et le très bel aspect de parement obtenus. 3. The very beautiful finish and the very beautiful aspect of facing obtained.
4. Une excellente qualité d'isolation thermique et phonique. 4. Excellent thermal and sound insulation quality.
5. Une bonne protection au feu. 5. Good fire protection.
On notera qu'a priori, l'utilisation d'une telle combinaison n'était pas envisageable, le plâtre n'adhérant pas sur la mousse synthétique et étant susceptible de se fissurer s'il n'accroche pas parfaitement au support sous-jacent. Les moyens à rainures permettent de résoudre le problème de l'accrochage, tandis que l'armement du plâtre permet de résoudre les problèmes de la fissuration. It should be noted that a priori, the use of such a combination was not conceivable, the plaster not adhering to the synthetic foam and being liable to crack if it does not hang perfectly on the underlying support. . The grooved means make it possible to solve the problem of hanging, while the arming of the plaster makes it possible to solve the problems of cracking.
Selon une autre caractéristique importante de l'invention, le bord périphérique des plaques de plâtre est formé légèrement en retrait par rapport aux bords des plaques en matériau synthétique sur chaque plaque d'habillage. Ainsi, lorsqu'on pose des plaques côte à côte, elles portent parfaitement l'une contre l'autre et peuvent être bien jointoyées supprimant toute possibilité de pont thermique. En outre, les bords des plaques de plâtre adjacentes étant un peu en retrait l'un de l'autre, il est facile de parfaitement colmater l'intervalle avec un peu de plâtre qui assurera une parfaite cohésion du parement extérieur de plâtre et laissera une surface apparente parfaitement lisse et nette. sans joint visible.Avantageusement, pour faciliter la réalisation du joint, le bord périphérique des plaques de plâtre présentera un léger chanfrein. According to another important characteristic of the invention, the peripheral edge of the plasterboard is formed slightly behind the edges of the synthetic material plates on each cladding plate. Thus, when plates are placed side by side, they bear perfectly against each other and can be well jointed eliminating any possibility of thermal bridge. In addition, the edges of the adjacent plasterboard being slightly set back from each other, it is easy to perfectly seal the gap with a little plaster which will ensure perfect cohesion of the exterior plaster facing and will leave a perfectly smooth and clear visible surface. Without visible joint.Advantageously, to facilitate the realization of the joint, the peripheral edge of the plasterboards will present a slight chamfer.
L'invention se rapporte également à un procédé de fabrication d'une plaque d'habillage et d'isolation internes du type décrit ci-dessus, le procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'on coule d'abord le plâtre avec son armature dans un moule puis on vient coiffer la partie supérieure du moule par la plaque en matériau synthétique comportant sur sa face appliquée contre le plâtre encore mou les rainures ou cavités précitées et l'on presse ladite plaque sur le plâtre pour faire pénétrer du plâtre dans lesdites rainures ou cavités et les remplir sensiblement. De cette façon, on obtient facilement et rapidement des carreaux ou plaques d'habillage d'isolation composites qui peuvent être expédiés et manutentionnés facilement. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an internal covering and insulation plate of the type described above, the method being characterized in that the plaster is first poured with its armature in a mold then the upper part of the mold is capped by the plate made of synthetic material comprising on its face applied against the still soft plaster the grooves or cavities mentioned above and the said plate is pressed on the plaster to make plaster penetrate into said grooves or cavities and fill them substantially. In this way, composite insulation tiles or claddings are easily and quickly obtained which can be shipped and handled easily.
L'invention apparaîtra plus clairement à l'aide de la description qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels
- la figure 1 montre une vue en coupe verticale avec arrachement de deux plaques d'habillage et d'isolation conformes à l'invention posées contre un mur
- la figure 2 montre schématiquement le procédé de fabrication d'une plaque composite,
- les figures 3 et 4 montrent avec arrachement deux variantes de réalisation de la jonction entre mousse synthétique et plâtre.The invention will appear more clearly with the aid of the description which follows, made with reference to the appended drawings given solely by way of example and in which
- Figure 1 shows a vertical sectional view with cutaway of two cladding and insulation plates according to the invention placed against a wall
FIG. 2 schematically shows the process for manufacturing a composite plate,
- Figures 3 and 4 show with cutaway two alternative embodiments of the junction between synthetic foam and plaster.
En se reportant tout d'abord à la figure 1, on aper çoit en 1 le mur d'appui que l'on veut habiller et qui sera habituellement d'aspect rugueux et irrégulier. Le mur peut être simplement habillé selon l'invention par pose contre lui de plaques d'habillage telles que 2 et 3 posées les unes sur les autres à la manière des briques d'un mur. Chaque plaque composite telle que 2 ou 3 est constituée d'une plaque d'une mousse synthétique 4, 5 par exemple en polyéthylène ou polyuréthane expansé et d'une plaque de plâtre 6, 7 armée d'une ou de plusieurs armatures par exemple en fibre de verre 8. La jonction entre la plaque de matériau synthétique expansé 4, 5 et la plaque de plâtre 6, 7 est assurée par des liaisons à rainures et mortaises en forme de queue d'aronde dans l'exemple illustré à la figure 1.Les rainures 9 que l'on aperçoit plus clairement à la figure 2 sont formées dans les plaques en matériau synthétique 4, 5 et les mortaises 10 sont formées par du plâtre qui a pénétré au moment de la fabrication de la plaque composite dans lesdites rainures. Referring first to Figure 1, we see in 1 the support wall that we want to dress and which will usually be rough and irregular. The wall can be simply clad according to the invention by placing against it cladding plates such as 2 and 3 placed one on top of the other like bricks on a wall. Each composite plate such as 2 or 3 consists of a plate of synthetic foam 4, 5 for example of polyethylene or expanded polyurethane and a plaster plate 6, 7 armed with one or more reinforcements for example in fiberglass 8. The junction between the sheet of expanded synthetic material 4, 5 and the plasterboard 6, 7 is provided by dovetail-shaped grooves and mortise connections in the example illustrated in FIG. 1 The grooves 9 which can be seen more clearly in FIG. 2 are formed in the plates of synthetic material 4, 5 and the mortises 10 are formed by plaster which penetrated during the manufacture of the composite plate in said grooves. .
Ainsi, est assurée une bonne cohésion de la plaque, l'armature de fibre de verre évitant toute fissuration du plâtre et permettant également de traiter la plaque composite comme n'importe quel autre matériau, la pose pouvant être faite par exemple par clouage ou agrafage si le mur support 1 s'y prête, ou par collage au support. Thus, a good cohesion of the plate is ensured, the fiberglass reinforcement avoiding any cracking of the plaster and also making it possible to treat the composite plate like any other material, the installation being able to be made for example by nailing or stapling if the support wall 1 is suitable, or by gluing to the support.
Du fait que c'est la plaque en matériau synthétique élastique 4, 5 qui est au contact du mur 1 à habiller, cette plaque épouse parfaitement sur sa face arrière 11 le mur et en absorbe toutes les irrégularités. Because it is the plate made of elastic synthetic material 4, 5 which is in contact with the wall 1 to be clad, this plate fits perfectly on its rear face 11 to the wall and absorbs any irregularities therefrom.
Comme il apparaît clairement à la figure 1, selon une caractéristique importante et avantageuse de l'invention, la plaque en plâtre 6, 7 est légèrement en retrait sur la périphérie par rapport aux bords des plaques en matériau synthétique. De la sorte, lorsque deux plaques telles que 2, 3 sont posées l'une sur l'autre contre un mur à habiller 1, elles portent parfaitement l'une contre l'autre sur les tranches en regard 12, 13 des plaques en matériau synthétique 4, 5 alors que les plaques en plâtre 6, 7 laissent entre elles un espace ou jour 14 qui sera bouché par un peu de plâtre qui permettra un parfait raccordement de deux carreaux adjacents. Le carreau de plâtre peut être en retrait de quelques millimètres par rapport à la plaque sous jacente de matériau synthétique. Tel que visible à la figure 1, les bords 15, 16 périphériques des plaques de plâtre présentent un léger chanfrein, l'angle du chanfrein avec une perpendiculaire 17 à la surface médiane de la plaque pouvant être avantageusement compris entre 50 et 150 environ. As it clearly appears in Figure 1, according to an important and advantageous characteristic of the invention, the plasterboard 6, 7 is slightly recessed on the periphery relative to the edges of the plates of synthetic material. In this way, when two plates such as 2, 3 are placed one on the other against a wall to be clad 1, they bear perfectly against one another on the facing edges 12, 13 of the material plates synthetic 4, 5 while the plasterboards 6, 7 leave between them a space or day 14 which will be blocked by a little plaster which will allow a perfect connection of two adjacent tiles. The plasterboard can be set back a few millimeters from the underlying plastic sheet. As shown in Figure 1, the peripheral edges 15, 16 of the plasterboard have a slight chamfer, the angle of the chamfer with a perpendicular 17 to the median surface of the plate can advantageously be between 50 and 150 approximately.
La fabrication des plaques est effectuée de préférence dans un moule, comme décrit à la figure 2. La forme interne du moule présente la forme externe de la plaque ou du carreau de plâtre 6 que l'on veut fabriquer. On y place les armatures 8 et l'on coule le plâtre avec un léger excédent. I1 n'y a plus alors qu'à appliquer comme indiqué par la flèche 18 la plaque en matériau synthétique 4 présentant les chanfreins 9 contre la surface encore molle du plâtre qui pénètre et remplit les chanfreins 9 formant les mortaises 10 assurant la jonction des deux matériaux. The manufacture of the plates is preferably carried out in a mold, as described in FIG. 2. The internal shape of the mold has the external shape of the plasterboard or tile 6 which it is desired to manufacture. The frames 8 are placed there and the plaster is poured with a slight excess. Then there is only to apply as indicated by the arrow 18 the synthetic material plate 4 having the chamfers 9 against the still soft surface of the plaster which penetrates and fills the chamfers 9 forming the mortises 10 ensuring the junction of the two materials.
Dans le mode de réalisation précédemment décrit, les rainures 9 avaient une forme en queue d'aronde. D'autres formes peuvent être envisagées comme les rainures conjuguées 19, 20 de la figure 3 ou 21, 22 de la figure 4. L'important est que des rainures ou des cavités soient formées dans la plaque en matériau synthétique 4 avec des sections de dégagement extérieur inférieures ou décalées par rapport à une section plus intérieure desdites cavités ou des rainures, de façon que lorsque le plâtre est moulé dans ces cavités, il ne soit plus possible d'arracher les deux matériaux à moins de rompre les plots de plâtre formés à l'entrée desdites cavités ou desdites rainures. In the previously described embodiment, the grooves 9 had a dovetail shape. Other shapes can be envisaged, such as the conjugate grooves 19, 20 in FIG. 3 or 21, 22 in FIG. 4. The important thing is that grooves or cavities are formed in the plate of synthetic material 4 with sections of lower or offset external clearance with respect to a more internal section of said cavities or grooves, so that when the plaster is molded in these cavities, it is no longer possible to tear off the two materials unless the plaster studs formed are broken at the entrance of said cavities or said grooves.
De façon à faciliter les opérations de pose et de manutention, on donnera avantageusement aux plaques des dimensions ni trop grandes ni trop petites, par exemple de l'ordre de 80 sur 120 centimètres, ce qui permet une manipulation aisée des carreaux mais limite à un nombre raisonnable les joints à réaliser entre carreaux. In order to facilitate the laying and handling operations, the sheets are advantageously given dimensions that are neither too large nor too small, for example of the order of 80 by 120 centimeters, which allows easy handling of the tiles but limited to one reasonable number of joints to be made between tiles.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est nullement limitée aux modes de réalisation illustrés et décrits qui n'ont été donnés qu'à titre d'exemple, l'invention comprenant tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci sont réalisées suivant son esprit et mises en oeuvre dans le cadre des revendications qui suivent. En particulier, le matériau constituant la plaque 4 peut être formé en fibres minérales et/ou végétales et comprendre des fibres de verre pourvu qu'il constitue un feutre suffisamment compact. Of course, the invention is in no way limited to the illustrated and described embodiments which have been given only by way of example, the invention comprising all the technical equivalents of the means described as well as their combinations if these These are made according to his spirit and implemented in the context of the claims which follow. In particular, the material constituting the plate 4 can be formed from mineral and / or vegetable fibers and include glass fibers provided that it constitutes a sufficiently compact felt.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8102675A FR2499615A1 (en) | 1981-02-11 | 1981-02-11 | Insulating wall covering - made of e.g. synthetic foam blocks coated with glass fibre reinforced plaster |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8102675A FR2499615A1 (en) | 1981-02-11 | 1981-02-11 | Insulating wall covering - made of e.g. synthetic foam blocks coated with glass fibre reinforced plaster |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| FR2499615A1 true FR2499615A1 (en) | 1982-08-13 |
| FR2499615B1 FR2499615B1 (en) | 1983-07-08 |
Family
ID=9255080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8102675A Granted FR2499615A1 (en) | 1981-02-11 | 1981-02-11 | Insulating wall covering - made of e.g. synthetic foam blocks coated with glass fibre reinforced plaster |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| FR (1) | FR2499615A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0261919A2 (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1988-03-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composite building panel |
| ITCS20110004A1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-19 | Gerardo Leone | LAYERED DECORATIVE PANEL AND REALIZATION PROCESS |
| IT201800010064A1 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-06 | Sergio Mancina | Composite decorative panel consisting of at least two layers of which a layer in insulating material and an external layer composed of a hardening mortar and production process |
| EP3574162A4 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2020-10-28 | E.P. Henry Corporation | Method and apparatus for double faced wall |
-
1981
- 1981-02-11 FR FR8102675A patent/FR2499615A1/en active Granted
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0261919A2 (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1988-03-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composite building panel |
| EP0261919A3 (en) * | 1986-09-24 | 1988-06-29 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composite building panel |
| ITCS20110004A1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-08-19 | Gerardo Leone | LAYERED DECORATIVE PANEL AND REALIZATION PROCESS |
| EP3574162A4 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2020-10-28 | E.P. Henry Corporation | Method and apparatus for double faced wall |
| US11802406B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2023-10-31 | Since 1903, Inc. | Method and apparatus for double faced wall |
| US11879248B2 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2024-01-23 | Since 1903, Inc. | Method and apparatus for double faced wall |
| IT201800010064A1 (en) | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-06 | Sergio Mancina | Composite decorative panel consisting of at least two layers of which a layer in insulating material and an external layer composed of a hardening mortar and production process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2499615B1 (en) | 1983-07-08 |
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