FI95788C - Freight wagon with side cover - Google Patents

Description

4, 95788

Side-loading wagon - En medelst presenning stängbar godsvagn

The invention relates to a covered rail freight carriage which can be closed by a side cover, the cover comprising a longitudinal fixed roof part of the carriage, at the outer edges of this roof part longitudinal horizontal slide rails on which the side covers are suspended to the side of the wagon to open the loading area.

10

A well-known structure of this side-covered freight wagon is represented by the Finnish sawn goods wagon type "Hbi". This freight wagon has fixed convex roofs extending over the entire width of the wagon at its outer edges along the longitudinal rails of the wagon, along which the side covers forming the sides of the wagon are moved. During transport 15, the side covers are pulled straight and are attached at their edges to the ends of the carriage and to the base of the carriage, respectively, whereby the covers close the sides of the carriage. During loading and unloading, the side covers are pushed along a horizontal rail either to either end of the trolley or e.g. to the middle of the trolley, whereby the side cover hangs narrowly corrugated but at the height of the side of the trolley, leaving room for loading. In this solution, therefore, the folds of the cover pushed aside are upright.

The solution is otherwise simple and easy to use, but makes it difficult to fully load the trolley because the lowering edge of the convex and fixed roof interferes with the loading of the upper middle part of the trolley. It is particularly necessary to load the curved roof section in lumber wagons used on low-section sections.

·> To solve this problem, a structure has been proposed in which the side covers extend into the area of the car roof and, for example, close to the car roof, which is located on the center line of the car. Here, the loading opening would be obtained by rolling the cover on or near the ridge of the carriage, whereby the edges falling down the roof can be eliminated. However, this *.: Has the disadvantage that it is difficult and slow to fasten the cover in the roof area for transport and that the roof tightness of the wagon thus created is not sufficient.

35 BE-1003623 describes another type of goods wagon with side covers. In the illustrated structure, the side doors comprise an upwardly opening upper portion about a horizontal axis, at the edge of which is attached a portion of e.g. waterproof fabric and corrugated towards said upper portion, which moves along wall-guided guides during this vertical corrugating transfer. A pneumatic drive is mentioned as the preferred power device. Although the described arrangement provides the required loading height in its entirety, the raising of the lower edge of the side cover to the roof height during folding 5 is not feasible with simple manual operation, but requires a relatively complex conductor arrangement and a motorized drive, as can be seen from the publication itself. Such a roof structure thus becomes impractical and far too expensive, for example as a timber wagon.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a covered goods wagon which can be closed with a side cover, in which the sides of the wagon can be opened vertically for such a long distance that the wagon can be loaded with the greatest internal height without having the side covers pushed along its horizontal support rails into the folds. the length of the page to some point. Another object of the invention is such a freight wagon, in which the above-mentioned opening and closing of the cover can take place by a manual mechanism. A third object of the invention is to provide such a freight wagon, in which the roof part of the wagon can be closed tightly easily and without special additional measures, and the side covers can be fastened quickly and simply in the fastening of the load covers by conventional means. A fourth object of the invention is to provide such a roof structure for a freight wagon which is inexpensive and has a simple and reliable construction.

The disadvantages described above can be eliminated and the objects defined above can be realized with the rail structure of a freight wagon according to the invention, which is characterized by what is defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.

• ·.

The main advantage of the invention is the high loading height of the freight wagon and its achievement by lifting the roof part of the cover with a simple construction combined with the conventional horizontal displacement of the side cover forming the sides of the cover, which combination has surprisingly been found to achieve the desired goal. With the simple lever mechanism according to the invention, the roof part> ♦ of the roof is easy to move from the manual

In the following, the invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings with reference to 35 rackets.

Fig. 1A is a side view of a carriage according to the invention closed from the direction of Figs. 2A-2B.

3,95788

Fig. 1B shows a side view of a carriage according to the invention in the direction IV of Figs. 2A-2B with the cover open.

Fig. 2A shows in cross-section along the plane I-I of Fig. 1A one end of a carriage according to the invention and one part of the opening mechanism of the roof part of the roof.

Fig. 2B shows in cross-section along the plane Π-Π of Fig. 1B the second end of the carriage according to the invention and the second part of the opening mechanism of the roof part of the roof.

Figures 1A and 1B show a general side view of a freight wagon according to the invention which can be closed with a side cover 3. In the ice arrangement shown, Fig. 1A illustrates a freight wagon 15 from the side 4b side, in which both the side cover 3 forming the cover 1 and the roof part 2 with its pivot parts 7 are in the closed position. Fig. 1B, on the other hand, shows the same freight wagon on its other side, i.e. on the side of side 4a, with both the side cover 3 and the pivot part 7 of the roof part 2 open. The openings of the pivot parts 7 of the carriage roof are closed in this embodiment by means of handwheels 24 20 at the other end 9a of the carriage. There are preferably two of these handwheels, one for the pivot part 7 on each side 4a and 4b of the carriage, whereby the pivot parts on each side can be raised and lowered independently of each other. The mechanism by which the turning parts rise in the direction S1 and fall in the direction S2 by means of the handwheels 24 will be described in detail below. It is clear that the lowering of the pivoting parts can be arranged with other types of members than the handwheels at the end. The actuator can * ·: be located anywhere in a suitable place on the trolley and can be of a different type. A motorized mechanism can also be used.

From Figure 1A, it will be appreciated that the roof 2 is readily accessible in a sealed manner 30 and that the side cover, pulled straight on the side, is easily attached at its edges 25a, 25b and * · 25c to the carriage body 20 by any conventional known means, e.g. thus, there is no need to address this. At its upper edge 25d, the side cover is attached to the slide rail 5 in the outer edge 8b of the pivot part 7, e.g. by means of known slide pieces, which are thus not described here. As shown in Fig. 1B, the side cover 3 can be pulled in the direction of the length L of the carriage and along the rail 5 on the edge 8a of the pivot part 7 of the roof 2 to a suitable position on the side of the carriage as it folds. In Fig. 1B the side cover is pulled next to the end 9b, the rest of the side 4a of the carriage being free for loading, as shown by the placed load 26, 95788 4. It is clear that the side cover 3 can be pulled just as well next to the other end 9a or in the middle of the carriage length L or elsewhere. This pulling of the side cover for the folds as described above and correspondingly pulling from this folded state of Fig. 1B directly to the state shown in Fig. 1A takes place by hand by pulling 5 e.g. from the lower edge 25c of the cover to the carriage length L, i.e. in the rail direction 5 and thus horizontally. It is, of course, possible to trace the motorized transfer of the cover 3 in the directions described above, e.g. with traction cables moving in parallel with the rail 5. The transfer of the side cover to the folds and back straight takes place independently of the lifting and lowering of the turntables. Usually, the side cover las-10 is first drawn on the coke with the roof pivot part 7 in the lower transport position, not shown in the figures, and only then the pivot part is raised, whereby the situation of Fig. 1B is reached. The closure of the lid 1 typically takes place in reverse steps. If the transfer of the side cover is carried out by motor, other types of phasing can be applied.

15

The structure according to the invention can be seen in more detail in Figures 2A and 2B. The cover 1 of the freight car thus consists of a roof part 2 and vertical side covers 3 covering the sides of the car. The roof part 2 consists of a narrow, i.e. beam-like, central part 12 which is substantially narrower than the width W of the car, forming a part of the car body 20. The central portion is shaped as a rigid beam to support the pivot members 7 and side covers 3 attached thereto. The width of the central portion in the transverse direction of the carriage is generally at most half the width W of the carriage, but can be considerably smaller, as in the figures. The central portion 12 forms an approximately horizontal portion of the roof 2 in the transverse direction of the carriage. The longitudinal edges of this carriage facing away from each other are denoted by strip-like curved pivot parts 7 which form downwardly curved sections from the center or central part 12 of the roof 2 towards the carriage sides 4a and 4b. The pivot members typically extend the entire length of the roof and their hinge pivot lines 6 are thus in the longitudinal direction L of the carriage. the side cover slide rails 5 are in the upper position of the pivots at approximately the height of the center portion 12 of the roof, as shown in broken lines in Figures 2A and 2B, and in the lower position of the pivots at the boundary of sides 4a, 4b and roof 2, as shown in solid lines. When the pivot parts 7 are in said upper position, there is a loading opening, i.e. the distance between the rail 5 and the floor 27 of the carriage: in the vertical direction H is equal to the maximum height of the interior of the carriage, whereby there are no restrictions on loading. This is precisely the distance between the rails 5 on the outer edges 8a and 8b of the pivot parts 7 or possibly the outer edges 8a or 8b of the pivot parts 5 and the floor 27, because the side cover 3 is simultaneously pleated at one side length L of the carriage.

In order to raise and lower the side covers of the pivot parts 7 and at the same time on the rails 5 at their outer edges 8a, 8b, it is advantageous to provide drive mechanisms at the ends 9a and 9b of the carriage so that they do not obstruct loading and unloading. Typically, the pivot part 7 of the second side 4a of the carriage has its own drive mechanism 10, which preferably comprises on that side similar or similar lever mechanisms at both ends 9a, 109b of the carriage. Correspondingly, for the pivoting part 7 of the second side 4b of the carriage, there is its own drive mechanism 11, which preferably comprises on that side similar or corresponding lever mechanisms at both ends 9a, 9b of the carriage. However, the drive device 24 is only at one end of the carriage, in this case end 9a, whereby force is applied to the drive mechanism of the other end 9b either through the central portion 12 of the roof 15, as in the figures, or possibly under the carriage floor 27, not shown. In this way, both sides 4a, 4b of the carriage can be opened and closed independently of each other.

In this embodiment, each drive mechanism 10, 11 comprises a lever mechanism of the following type at each end 9a and 9b of the carriage. The lever mechanism has two lever arms 14 and 15, of which the first lever arm 14 is articulated at its upper end, for example by a hinge 16, to the pivot part 7. The attachment point 16 is located at a perpendicular distance D1 from the pivot axis line 6 at the lower end. attached. 25 to the free one end of the second lever arm 15. The first end of the second lever arm 15 is articulated, for example by a hinge 18, to the carriage body 20, in this case to the carriage end 9a, 9b at its lower part and close to the carriage center line 28. The lengths R1 and R2 of the first and second lever arms 14, 15 and the first lever arm 15 the head attachment point 18 is selected such that the joint arm 17 of the lever arms is located substantially laterally at a distance D2 from the line 19 passing between the attachment point 16 between the first lever arm and the pivot portion and the attachment point 18 between the second lever arm and the carriage body, are in their lowered position. This lowered position of the pivot parts 7 is shown in Figures 2A, 2B in solid lines and it can be seen that the first and second lever arms 14, 15 then form approximately the shape of the letter L.

When the pivot members 7 are in the raised position illustrated in Figures 2A, 2B; with broken lines, it can be seen that the mutual angle formed by the first and second lever arms 14 and 15 is straightened, the lever arms being at least approximately as an extension of each other, but in any case the distance D2 is substantially smaller than when the pivots are lowered. This change in the position of the lever arms is preferably effected by means of the elements described below.

The drive mechanism 10 comprises power members 21 and the drive mechanism 11 comprises power members 22 for moving the mutual articulated attachment point 17 of the first and second lever arms 14 and 15 closer to the line 19 running between the attachment point 16 between the first lever arm and the pivot and the second lever arm and carriage body 18. so that the pivot part 7 rises upwards in the direction S1 10 by pivoting about its pivot axis line 6. In this case, the distance D2 is reduced. Correspondingly, by moving the mutual attachment point 17 of the lever arms 14, 15 away from this line 19, i.e. by increasing the distance D2, the turning part 7 descends in the direction S2 back to its lower position, turning around its pivot axis line 6.

These power members 21 and 22 preferably comprise wires, ropes or chains 29 attached at one end to the mutual joint point 17 of the lever arms 14, 15 or close thereto to one of the lever arms. These wires 29, ropes or chains pass through the necessary guide wheels 30 to a drum 23, by rotation of which the wires, ropes or chains move said joint point 17 either in the direction D2 reducing the distance 20 or alternatively in the increasing direction depending on the operating direction of the drive 24. In this case, the drive device 24 is preferably connected to the drum 23 by a known self-locking helical gear.

It is, of course, possible to track the lifting S1 and the lowering of the pivot parts S2 by a different mechanism than the lever mechanism 14-18 described above and the cables 29 or the like. For example, hydraulic or pneumatic ice arrangements that directly affect the pivots or force arrangements that affect other types of lever mechanisms can be used, but these result in more expensive and failure-prone structures.

. . «

Claims (5)

7 95788 A covered rail freight wagon to be closed by a side cover, the cover (1) comprising a longitudinal fixed roof part (2) of the carriage, at the outer edges of this roof part longitudinal horizontal slide rails (5) of the carriage on which the side covers (3) are suspended so as to be pullable along slide rails to cover the sides (4a and 4b) of the carriage and pullable horizontally and folded at some point on the side of the carriage to open the loading opening, characterized in that the fixed roof part (2) of the cover (1) is formed substantially narrower than the carriage width (W) 12) that the cover further comprises turning parts (7) known per se, which form the longitudinal (L) strip-like roof sections of the carriage between the vertical sides (4a, 4b) of the carriage and the roof central part (12) and hinged to the longitudinal pivot axes (6) rotatably around this central portion for raising (51) and lowering (S2) the pivot portions, and e said sliding rails (S) are located on the outer edges (8a, 8b) of these pivot parts, the pivot parts (7) being lifted (SI) with the side cover (3) 15 folded to some length (L) of the carriage side to increase the loading opening in the vertical direction (H). Railway freight wagon according to claim 1, characterized in that the central part (12) of the wagon roof is a rigid beam-like structure for supporting the pivot parts (7) and side covers (3), the drive mechanisms for raising and lowering the pivot parts around their pivot axes (6) 9a, 9b) and that the turning part (7) of each side (4a, 4b) of the carriage has its own drive mechanism (10, 11) for moving them independently of each other. Rail freight wagon according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that * the drive mechanism (10 or 11) for raising (S 1) and lowering (52) one pivot part (7) about its pivot axis line (6) comprises two lever arms (14, 15), of which the first (14) is articulated (16) at its upper end to the pivot portion (7) at a distance perpendicular (D1) from its pivot axis and at its lower end articulated (17) to the free second end of the second lever arm (15) and the first end of the second lever arm (15) is articulated (18) attached to the carriage body (20) and that the lengths (R1, R2) of the first and second lever arms and the attachment point (18) of the first end of the second lever arm are selected so that the mutual joint of the lever arms is substantially laterally (D2) from line (19) passing between the attachment point (16) between the first lever arm and the pivot part and between the second lever arm and the carriage body between the attachment point (18) when the pivots are in their lowered position. 8 95788 A rail freight wagon according to claim 3, characterized in that said drive mechanism (10 or 11) further comprises force means (21 and 22, respectively) for moving the articulated attachment point between the first and second lever arms closer to the line (19) passing between the first lever arm and the pivot part. -5 between its attachment point (16) and the attachment point (18) between the second lever arm and the carriage body for raising the pivot part (7) by moving around its pivot axis line (6) upwards (SI) and away from this line (19) respectively to lower the pivot part (S2) back to its lower position. Railway freight wagon according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the drive mechanism (10, 11) for moving the pivot parts (7) comprises a rope, wire or chain drum (23) and a drive device (24) and a self-locking worm gear between them, that for each pivot part (7) the drive mechanism comprises at each end of the carriage a lever arm mechanism (14-18) of the same type and that force from said drum (23) to the carriage is transmitted to the drive mechanism lever at the other end of the carriage via the roof center portion (12).