FI67071C - POROESA FORMGIVNA PRODUKTER NAERMAST BYGGELEMENT OCH ANVAENDNING AV DEM VID RESNING AV BYGGNADSKONSTRUKTIONER - Google Patents

Description

67071

Porous shaped bodies, mainly building elements and their use in the erection of building structures

This invention relates to a porous shaped body, such as a flat magic channel-shaped insulating sheet, a brick or the like, which contains resin-containing foam balls as ingredients; a binder formed from a bituminous product; particulate or powdered substance; cement and water and each piece is obtained from its ingredients by pressing and drying the pressed piece.

NL patent application 71 13658 discloses a method for producing building elements, which are thus obtained by mixing a resinous foam ball with a binder containing a bituminous product which promotes the adhesion of the foam resin to the cement, while at the end of this mixing operation has continued, until the mass has again consisted mainly of loose spheres, after which the cement has been added to the mixture and the whole mixture has been subjected again to another mixing operation while measuring the amount of water, and the resulting mixture is formed into the desired pieces by compression followed by drainage.

The pieces obtained by the known method smell strongly as a binder for the added bitumen product, so that they must be left in the open air for several days before they can be used in the construction of houses or in such structures.

In addition, the compressive strength of the pieces 2 provided by said known method is relatively low, about 5 kg / cm, which makes these pieces not suitable for direct use as load-bearing walls, partitions and the like in houses, buildings and other structures.

The object of the present invention is to improve the bodies obtained by the above-mentioned known 2,67071 method so that the bodies according to the invention do not smell and their compressive strength is so high that the bodies can be used immediately for the construction of completely insulated houses, buildings and the like.

This object is achieved by the features given in the claims.

The pieces obtained in this way do not smell and have a compressive strength of at least 40 kg / cm, so that the pieces are clearly suitable for direct use in the structural walls and other parts of all types of buildings, and said pieces are also highly refractory. In addition, the pieces obtained after the pressing and vibrating operation can be dried immediately in a self-supporting lying state, and the pieces do not have to be kept in molds during the drying period, as is the case with the above-mentioned known method.

In the production of the pieces according to the invention, the pressing and vibrating operation should be carried out in a "Hydromat" type equipment supplied by "Hess Maschinen-fabrik KG" for compacting ordinary, solid cement bricks, however, the compression applied according to the invention is considerably lower than required for conventional for the extrusion of cement bricks.

The additive is preferably added at the end of the first mixing operation, i.e. at the end of the combination operation, this additive thus replacing part of the total amount of cement to be added, which according to the known method should be added, while the total amount of cement is added at once during the second mixing operation.

When a portion of the total amount of cement to be added is added at the end of the first mixing operation, the additive should be added according to the method of the invention when the mixture is transferred from the first to the second mixing operation.

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The invention will now be illustrated in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 schematically shows an apparatus preferably used in carrying out the method according to the invention; Fig. 2 schematically shows a house completely constructed of pieces obtained by the method according to the invention; Fig. 3 is a cross-section along the line III-III in Fig. 2; and Figure 4 shows on a larger scale the circled part of Figure 3.

Spheres made of foam material in a manner known per se are stored in container 1. These spheres can be, for example, made of polystyrene and can have a diameter of 3-5 mm and a density of about 10-12 kg / m 2. A convex lower part 2 of this container is provided with a narrow rectangular outlet, below which a transfer screw is placed in a cylindrical housing 3 directly connected to said outlet, said transfer screw being driven by an electric motor whose speed at a variable, precisely adjustable speed. The screw opens into the side tube 4 of the vacuum cleaner 5, which has a impeller whose front edges of the blades are rounded so that the balls can pass through the vacuum cleaner without being damaged. The vacuum cleaner 5 blows the balls through a pipe 6 into a tank 7 with a suitable ventilation hole, for example in the top wall, which is covered by a screen plate with a main grid so that the air of the vacuum cleaner can be easily ventilated.

From the container 7 the balls fall into a first mixer 8 formed by a trough comprising two horizontal axes 9 running parallel to each other, each of said axes having radially projecting pins, each of which is arranged in an alternating shape with respect to said pins, respectively. the free ends of the pins follow the thread line of the shaft. The length of the mixer 8 is, for example, 4 m, while the pins on each shaft are spaced, for example, 10 cm apart. The pins of the two shafts are in an overlapping position with respect to each other, i.e. in the space between the two shafts the pin of the second shaft swings along the pin of the second shaft as said shafts rotate in opposite directions so that the pins move downwards in the space between said shafts. During much of the rotational movement, the ends of the pins move tightly close together along the wall of the agitator tray. The pins perform about 3 screw rises around the shaft. Mixers of this type are known in principle. The shafts are rotated at a speed of about 200 rpm. About 90 cm from the other side of the outlet of the tank 7, a feed mechanism 11 opens for feeding a mixture of bituminous material and water glass (e.g. at a temperature of about 40 ° C), which feeds an accurately measured amount of said mixture to the mixer 8. according to the number of other balls. The mixing operation now takes place along the way in the mixer 8, after which at point 12 a number of additives, such as sand, are fed from the feed cone 13 to the mixer by means of a bucket wheel. Immediately before the addition of the sand, the resin-containing spheres adhere tightly to each other due to the presence of a mixture of bitumen and water glass, the temperature of this place being preferably about 40 ° C. After adding the sand and mixing it with said balls, a dry mass comprising loose balls is again obtained quite soon after the point of feeding the sand. The balls remain in the mixer for a period of 8 to 6 minutes with only the balls present, with the mixture of bitumen and water glass covered in the compartment for about the first three meters and additional sand covered in the compartment for about the last meter.

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The pins 10 of the shafts 9 have little or no axial transfer action in the mixer. For this reason, the displacement in the axial direction is mainly due to the displacement of the newly fed material. The mixture of bitumen and water glass is fed in such a soft fluid state that it flows somewhat back to the ball feed station, so that the feed point of said mixture is not very critical. The sand is unable to move far upstream and thus cannot reach any spheres that are not yet well covered with the bitumen-water glass mixture because the spheres and bitumen immediately adhere to larger agglomerates upstream of the sand addition site.

At the outlet end of the mixer 8, cement is fed at point 14 from the feed cone 15 to the beginning of the transfer belt 16. Buckets should be used for both items 12 and 14. By means of the belt 16, the balls and cement are conveyed to a second mixing device 17, the structure of which is similar to the mixer 8, although the mixing device 17 may be slightly shorter, for example 3 m long, with its pins making 2.5 screw rises. Near the inlet of the belt 16 at point 18, water is added and the addition is preferably distributed at several points along the length of the mixing device 16, for example over a distance of 1 m.

The finished product is removed from the mixing device 17 at 19, after which the desired pieces are compressed while vibrating. The pieces are then placed in the load-bearing space themselves, for example on the floor, and dried, usually for 12 to 24 hours, said drying period depending on the temperature.

Polystyrene is preferably used as the base material for the foam balls, said balls having a diameter of about 3-4 mm, while adding about 1 kg of bitumen, 2 kg of water glass, 600 kg of sand, 250 kg of cement and 20 kg of water per 10 kg of foam ball.

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The additive can also be added to the transfer belt 16, instead of at 12, whereby part of the cement is fed to the mixer 8 at 12.

As shown in Figs. . Due to the excellent thermal insulating properties of the dill-like bodies, the steel frame structure embedded inside said bodies does not twist in the event of a fire.

A house or building structure provided in accordance with the present invention can be said to be an energy-saving house because all of its structural elements, such as walls, ceiling and floors, are made of pieces provided in accordance with the invention having excellent thermal insulating properties.