FI61281C - BETONGGJUTESUNDERLAGSANLAEGGNING - Google Patents

Description

ΓΒ1 mv NOTICE WA lBJ UTLÄGGN INGSSKRIFT 6 I l O I

• C (45) Patent granted on July 12, 1932

Patent meddelat V ^ (51) K * .lk.3 / lnt.CI.3 B 28 B 7/04 SUOMI — FINLAND (*) Pit * nttlhtkimui - Patmtmekninf 79013δ (22) HaktmitpUvl - An «6kninpdaf l6.01.79 * * (23) Alkupllvt - Gtltljhetadaj l6.01.79 (41) Tullut Julklaakal - Bllvlt offantllg 0 3. OU. 80

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Patent- och registerstyrelsen AntOon utltgd och utI.skriftM publtc.r * d 31.03.82 (32) (33) (31) Requested «tuolkaua — Boglrd priori '* 02.10.78 USA (US) 9U7866 Proven-Styrkt (71) Span -Deck, Inc., Confederate Drive, Franklin, Tennessee, USA (72) Jerry Lavon Cashion, Nashville, Tennessee, USA (7 * 0 Oy Heinänen Ab (5M Concrete Casting Substrate Assembly - Betonggjutes-underlagsanläggning for a casting subassembly for use in concrete casting for the production of elongate concrete building elements in a plurality of widths, the combination comprising an elongate horizontal casting base with a longitudinal bottom wall and side formwork walls divided along two longitudinally spaced bottom walls into two movable parts; transverse tracks located below said casting platform perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of said platform, and said n wheels mounted on the undersides of the parts of the casting base which are in rolling contact with said transverse tracks to support said base parts during casting and relative movement.

For the efficient manufacture of precast concrete elements in the form of tiles; used, for example, as walls, ceilings or floors in buildings,! a batch method has been used. In the batch process, a long concrete slab or beam is cast and allowed to cure.

2,61281 after which it is cut into several shorter sections. Due to the relatively long curing time required (approximately 14 hours), this batch process is more efficient than casting separately in shorter slabs because a large number of individual beams can be produced in substantially the same time. The length of the slab before cutting to shorter lengths can be up to 152 m, in which case the slab weighs approximately 225,800 kg. The shorter lengths into which the slab is cut can be in the range of approximately 2.44 m (wall tendons) -15.24 m (roof tendons).

It is desirable to be able to use the same equipment to make such slabs in different widths so that as the lengths of the finished slabs vary, the total weight can be kept within the capacity of the crane used. For example, 2.44 m wide tiles can be made in smaller lengths, and 1.22 m wide tiles in larger lengths. A previously used solution to this problem has been to cast all the tiles to the same width and then saw lengthwise, using separate casting bases for different widths. While thus achieving the desired result, it has the disadvantages of a double device, the increased use of expensive diamond-toothed saw blades, and this also requires a lot of labor time.

U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,460,167 and 2,830,352 disclose a casting device having a fixed partition in the center of the casting base. However, the parts of the casting platform in these devices cannot be moved laterally on the wheels mounted under the parts.

U.S. Pat. No. 1,593,792 discloses a solution in which the partition wall of the casting base consists of inverted, V-shaped, spring-loaded arms connected to a vertically movable mechanism which moves the arms into place during casting. The mechanism also releases the arms so that they can pop back to their original position.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,004,874 discloses a casting base comprising an intermediate part which at the same time acts as a base for the mold. Said part can be raised so that the entire casting platform rises. The sides of the casting tray are arranged to be removable so that it is possible to remove the molded part from the tray.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,916,795 discloses a solution in which parts of the casting base 3 61281 can move laterally on the support members.

The solution requires that each of the base parts be supported on its own support member, and that the base parts be put into place according to the size of the casting to be made.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved apparatus combination for making elongate concrete building elements in at least two different widths. The device combination according to the invention is especially intended for use in the manufacture of concrete building elements, in which case either a fixed substructure or a mobile substructure is used. The invention is characterized in that the casting device assembly further comprises an elongate intermediate mold articulated so as to be adjustable in two different positions, one of which the intermediate mold is parallel to said side mold walls between said parts of the casting base so as to form a partition wall and the other , and a hydraulic device for transversely moving parts of the casting base, whereby one concrete element extending from one side mold wall to another side mold wall can be made when said intermediate mold is turned to a position below the casting base parts and the casting base parts are moved adjacent to each other, a separate concrete element can be produced in each part of the base when said intermediate mold is turned to a position where it is between the parts of the casting base.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the actuating element, which extends over substantially the entire length of the casting base, preferably along its center, is formed for the transverse displacement of the parts of the casting base. The element is mounted for longitudinal but not transverse movement. Many pivot arms extend laterally and symmetrically from the movement element to both parts of the casting platform. The hydraulic movement arm is formed to move the movement element in the longitudinal direction 1 in order to achieve the resulting transverse movement of the parts of the casting base.

To raise and lower the intermediate mold, a plurality of vertical pivot arms are attached between the articulated intermediate mold and the plurality of anchor members so that longitudinal movement of the intermediate mold causes a resulting vertical movement of the longitudinal mold.

61281

The invention will now be described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a top plan view of a fixed base device according to a first embodiment of the invention, showing the casting of two narrower plates, Figure 2 is an enlarged elevation along line 2-2, Figure 3 is a further sectional view showing the right side mold of Fig. 2 in an upright position, Fig. 4 shows the right side mold of Figs. 2 and 3 in a lowered position for cutting and removing a cast slab, Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view and showing pivot arm mechanisms for raising and lowering an intermediate mold and casting in the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2, Figure 6 is a greatly enlarged view showing details of the interface between the intermediate mold and the base portions in the embodiment of Figure 2, Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 with the intermediate mold removed and selected. the parts of the base are moved close to each other to produce one relatively wider slab, Fig. 6 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 2 and shows another embodiment of the invention using hydraulic cylinders to move and separate parts of the base, Fig. 9 is an exploded view taken generally along line 9-9 along and shows the vertical movement of the intermediate mold, Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the vertical pivot arm of the embodiment of Figs. 6 and 9, and Fig. 11 is a vertical section similar to Fig. 2 and shows a third embodiment of the invention used in a movable base device.

5,61281

First, reference is made to Figures 1 and 2, which illustrate a fixed base device of a type well known in the art. The device comprises an elongate horizontal casting base 22 with a longitudinal bottom wall 24 and longitudinal right and left side walls 26 and 2Θ.

The rail track comprises longitudinal rails 30 and 32 supporting various units (not shown), such as casting and cutting units, running the length of the casting base 22.

According to the present invention, the casting base 22 is divided longitudinally along the bottom wall 24 into portions that are displaceable transversely to each other. In the described embodiments, two such portions are denoted by reference numerals 34 and 36, and the bottom wall 24 is divided at 38 in its center to form separate bottom wall portions 40 and 42. The device has an elongate, removable intermediate mold 44 that is disposable between the two casting base portions 34 and 36, generally parallel to the side mold walls 26 and 2Θ.

In the situation illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, with the intermediate mold 44 in place, separate concrete elements 46 and 48 may be fabricated in the base sections 34 and 36. After the intermediate mold 44 has been removed as described in more detail below and the casting base sections 34 and 36 have been moved close together. their bottom walls 40 join to form a substantially continuous bottom wall, one concrete element may be made which extends from one side of the mold wall 26 to the other side of the mold wall 2 valmist. The reinforced slab or beam produced by this method can be formed by several work steps using a separate subpage setting unit and a main casting machine.

To perform the relative transverse movement of the casting base portions 34 and 36, a plurality of separate transverse paths 50 are located below the casting base 22 perpendicular to the length of the base 22.

6 61P81

The transverse rails 50 can be placed, for example, at 6.1 m intervals over the entire length of the casting base 22. The length of the casting base 22 is of the order of 52 m. A plurality of grooved wheels 52 are rotatably mounted on the undersides of the casting base parts 34 and 36 in rolling contact with the transverse rails 50 to support the base parts 34 and 36 during their relative transverse movement. More specifically, each of the wheels 52 is mounted on suitable bearing members within the wheel housing 54, which is generally attached to the undersides of the portions 34 and 36. As shown, the axes of the grooved wheels 52 are parallel to the longitudinal direction of the casting base 22.

Since the device 20 of Figures 1 and 2 is a fixed base device, the longitudinal rails 30 and 32 and the spaced transverse rails 50 are firmly attached to the base by a concrete foundation 55.

Due to the relatively wide 6.1 m gap between the transverse rails 50 and the very high weight of the cast concrete elements, it is apparent that a substantial support structure is required to avoid undesired sagging between the bases comprising the transverse rails 50 and the wheels 52 and associated sheaths 54. For this purpose, the Z-beams 56 extend along the sides 34 and 36 of the casting base parts below the side edges of the bottom wall parts 40 and 42. As the Z-beams run continuously along the entire length of the casting base 22, they may comprise individual sections approximately 12.2 m long suitably connected to each other. Between the Z-beams 56, a plurality of I-beams 5Θ are arranged transversely, approximately 0.76 m apart along the length of the casting base 22. Finally, to support the bottom wall portions 40 and 42, beams such as C-beams 60 cross-link I-beams 5B.

Referring now to Figure 2, reference is now made to Figures 3 and 4 and the right side mold wall 2Θ will be described. It will be appreciated that the left mold wall 26 is a mirror image and is identified by the same reference numerals. Movable side mold walls are well known in the art in the past, and the described embodiment is rather intended to form one suitable example. It is obvious, therefore, that the exact details of the side wall molds 26 and 2B are not critical to the present invention.

The right side mold wall 28 has a side mold moving device 64 in the form of a generally triangular plate with a hinge point 66 mounted on a Z-bar 56, which hinge point is positioned below the right side mold wall 28 by a suitable bracket 68. The right-hand side mold wall 28 is suitably bolted to the top of the actuator 64, e.g. The sliding guide cam 70 is attached to the rear portion 74 of the actuator 64 via a screw-type adjusting mechanism 72.

To force the actuator 64 and the right side mold wall 28 into a vertical position as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the guide device 76 extends along the length of the casting tray 22 along its side. The control device 76 has an outer surface 78 of varying width, as best seen in Figure 1. The control device 76 is longitudinally movable relative to the casting base 22 and is pulled and pushed by hydraulic cylinders (not shown) disposed at its ends.

To lower the side mold wall 28 to the position illustrated in Figure 4, the guide device 76 is pulled to a position where one of the lower portions of the outer surface 2Θ contacts the sliding guide cam 70, allowing the actuator 64 and the right side mold wall 28 to fall off. In most cases, the side mold wall 28 and the actuator 64 do not fall out of themselves, but do so when struck.

Reference is further made to Figures 3 and 4, which show side wall extension members 80 and 82 that may optionally be added to the right side mold wall 28 when it is desired to cast thicker tiles. The extension members 80 and 82 are also shown in Figure 2 by broken lines. Although not described, it will be appreciated that when it is desired to make a few relatively narrower thicker slabs, an extension member (not shown) is also required for the intermediate mold 44.

Reference is now made to Figure 5, which shows details of a mechanism according to the invention for raising and lowering the intermediate mold 44 and for moving the casting base parts 34 and 36 of the first embodiment of the device of Figures 1 and 2. First, an intermediate mold 44 mounted for vertical movement is provided by a plurality of vertical pivot arms, one of which is indicated by reference numeral 84 in Figure 5. The upper end of the vertical pivot arm 84 is articulated to the intermediate form 44 In the embodiment of the device 20, which is a fixed base device, the anchor members 90 are firmly attached to the foundation. In addition, the device has means for longitudinally moving the intermediate mold 44, which means may comprise a hydraulic cylinder 92 located at either one or both ends of the intermediate mold 44. The hydraulically operated cylinder is attached to the joint β. 61281 at 94 to the intermediate mold 44 and at 96 to a suitable fixed support (not shown).

It will be appreciated that the longitudinal movement of the mold 44, which is accomplished by pulling the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 92 in and out, results in vertical movement of the intermediate mold 44 as the vertical pivot arm 84 pivots about pist8. As shown in Figure 5, the intermediate mold 44 is raised close to its fully upright position, with the bottom of the mold 44 above the bottom wall 24 of the casting base 22 (Figure 2). In the fully lowered position, which is when the intermediate mold 44 is moved to the right and down, as shown in Figure 5, the apex of the intermediate mold 44 is below the bottom wall 24 of the casting base.

Hereinafter, reference is still made to Figure 5. The device for transversely moving the device 20 of the base mold parts 34 and 36 comprises an elongate movement element 98 in the form of a steel tube part. The movement element 98 extends substantially the entire length of the casting base 22 and is mounted to move longitudinally but not laterally. To move the actuating element 98 longitudinally, a hydraulically actuated cylinder 100 is mounted at one end thereof. Preferably, the elongate movement element 98 is substantially along the center of the casting base 22, just above the spaced apart transverse rails 50. In order to avoid the action of the movement element 98 and the anchor members 90, 84 of the vertical pivot arm, the anchor members 90 have passageways 102 through which the movement 98 can pass freely. If desired, the passageways 102 may include bearings or bushings to secure the actuating element 98 against lateral displacement.

To convert the longitudinal movement of the elongate movement element 98 into a resulting transverse relative movement of the casting base portions 34 and 36, there are pivot arms 104 between the moving element 98 and the casting base portions 34 and 36. Each pivot arm 104 is articulated at one end 106 to the actuator 98 and their other ends 108 are secured to casting base portions 34 and 36. In the illustrated embodiments, articulated attachments 108 to casting base members 34 and 36 are suitably made to suitable end pieces attached directly to wheel housings 54.

In the illustrated arrangement in which the actuating element 98 is substantially along the center of the casting base 22 and the pivot arms 104 extend laterally and symmetrically from the actuating element 98 to the casting base portions 34 and 36, it is apparent that the lateral forces acting on the actuating element 98 are substantially balanced the tendency for this to move laterally. It can be seen from Figure 5 that the longitudinal movement of the actuating element by the hydraulic cylinder 100 results in a transverse movement of the casting base parts 34 and 36.

Figures 6 and 7 show the area of the interface between the bottom wall portions 40 and 42 with the intermediate mold 44 in place and removed, respectively. Figures 6 and 7, which are enlarged views, also illustrate welds 110 connecting the bottom wall portions 42 and 44 to the Z-beams 56.

Reference is now made in particular to Figure 6, in which the intermediate mold 44 is placed between the parts 34 and 36 of the casting base, and more particularly between the opposite edges 112 and 114 of the bottom wall parts 40 and 42. Thus, individual concrete elements 46 and 4B can be produced in the two parts 34 and 36 of the casting platform.

In Figure 7, the intermediate mold 44 is effectively removed from its position between the casting base portions 34 and 36 and is lowered below the bottom wall portions 40 and 42. In this figure, the casting base parts 34 and 36 are moved close to each other so that the opposite edges 112 and 114 of the bottom wall parts 40 and 42 work together to form an effective seal against the leakage of uncured concrete material. Thus, in this form, a single concrete element 116 is produced that extends from one side wall of Figure 2 to another. ,

It can be seen from Figures 6 and 7 that the bottom wall portions 40 and 42 are made curved upward in the vicinity of their opposite edges 112 and 114. When two tiles 46 and 4Θ are made as in Fig. 6, the curvature of this produces curved bottom edges at 11Θ for tiles 46 and 4Θ. When making one tile 116 as in Figure 7, this curvature causes the formation of a channel 120 that acts as a giver in the final installation of the tiles, making it difficult to distinguish the boundary between the two narrower tiles and the wider tile. This is an advantage in cases where the overall width of the building structure in question is equal to the width of the relatively narrower concrete building elements multiplied by the odd number, and relatively shorter lengths are required. In such a situation, the full-width building elements are within the lifting capacity of the crane, but at least one half-width section is required to match the dimensions of the building structure.

10 61 281

The operation of the first embodiment 20, described with reference to Figures 1-7, will now be summarized. Assume that relatively narrower structural elements are produced. Following the casting of a single concrete mix, the cured slabs 46 and 48 are in position as shown in Figures 1, 2 and 6. The guide devices 76 on the sides of the casting platform 22 are pulled longitudinally to release the actuator 64 and the left and right side wall molds 26 and 28 are allowed to fall. away by turning around the points 66 to take the position shown in Fig. 4. As previously mentioned, an impact such as a kick may be required to remove the side mold walls 26 and 28.

At this time, a hydraulic cylinder at the end of the elongate actuator 98 is actuated to separate the casting base portions 34 and 36 from the action of the pivot arms 104. The intermediate mold 44 is then lowered below the level of the bottom wall portions 40 and 42 by allowing the piston of the hydraulic cylinder 92 to come out. Currently, the tiles 46 and 48 are free at the top of the bottom walls 40 and 42, and can be cut transversely into portions of the desired length. It should be noted that lowering the intermediate mold 44 and turning the side mold members 26 and 2Θ away provides an intermediate space for the circular saw blade to be used.

To begin the next set, the side molds 26 and 28 are raised by the operation of the control devices 76, and the intermediate mold 44 is raised by the operation of the hydraulic cylinder 92. The intermediate mold 44 is correctly positioned between the casting base parts 34 and 36, and the casting base parts 34 and 36 are moved together to seal the intermediate mold 44 response, as shown in Figures 2 and 6. Currently, the base parts 34 and 36 are cleaned and oiled in preparation for receiving a new concrete batch.

It should be noted that in the case of producing full-width slabs, the intermediate mold lifting and substrate separating mechanism shown especially in Fig. 5 is not used, and the operation is simply as in the case of a simple substrate device.

Reference is now made to Figure Θ, which shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in the form of a device 122. Device 122 is a modification of previously described device 20, and several elements that are unchanged are denoted by the same reference numerals. The device of Figure 8 is also a fixed base device and accordingly comprises longitudinal rails 30 and 32 for moving different parts of the equipment along the casting base 22.

11 61281 The main difference in the embodiment shown in Fig. On is in the means for transverse displacement of the casting parts 34 and 36 with respect to each other. Figure 8 The device 122 still has separate transverse rails 50 and grooved wheels 52 for supporting the base portions 34 and 36 and for performing its transverse movement. However, instead of the elongate actuator 98 and pivot arms 104, laterally extending hydraulically actuated cylinders 124 are used. , which are fixed with respect to the foundation for the fixed base 122. Additional angle supports such as members 132 act as stops to limit transverse movement of the bases 34 and 36 by contacting the wheel covers 54.

Reference is now made to Figures 9 and 10, which illustrate the shape of the vertical pivot arms used to raise and lower the intermediate mold 44 in the device of Figure 9, which mold 44 is otherwise similar. Figures 9 and 10 do not require anchor members 90, and in particular their passageways (as shown in Figure 5). The lower ends of the modified pivot arms 132 are articulated at 134 to members 136 that abut the spaced apart transverse rails 50.

Since the force at the articulation points 134 is entirely in one direction, the use of restraining members 136 provides a suitable way to effectively anchor the lower ends of the pivot arms 132. The upper ends of the modified pivot arms are connected as before to the intermediate mold 44. It will also be seen from Figures 9 and 10 that the modified vertical pivot arm 132 comprises rim screw members 138 cooperating with the threads 140 to allow adjustment of the length of the vertical pivot arms 132.

It should be noted that Figure 9 provides a description of the two positions of the intermediate mold 44 with respect to the intermediate mold 22 and the bottom wall 24. Shown in full lines is the calculated position of the intermediate mold, where it is in the position in which the intermediate mold 44 is completely removed. Shown in broken lines is the fully upright position for inserting the intermediate mold 44 away from the slabs 46 and 48. The position of the intermediate mold 44 for casting concrete elements is not shown in Figure 9, but is shown in broken lines slightly below the up position when the transition point 142 coincides with the bottom wall 24.

Lastly, reference is made to Figure 11, which illustrates that illustrated by device 144. i2 61 281 Another embodiment of the invention, which is a movable platform system. The entire base 146 rolls longitudinally with grooved wheels 148 running on a track comprising rails 150 and 152. Thus, instead of being on the foundation, the transverse rails 146 (corresponding to the previously described transverse rails 50) are supported by the wheels 14Θ. In a moving platform system, other parts of the equipment generally remain fixed as the platform 146 rolls longitudinally. To support this apparatus, I-beam shaped side members 156 are formed with tracks 158 at the top. Reversible hydraulic motors 160 with rubber drive wheels 162, whose rubber drive wheels 162 are in contact with the sides of the I-beams, are formed to move the base 146.

The movable base 146 of the device of Fig. 11 is otherwise substantially similar to the fixed base 22 of the device 122 of the embodiment of Fig. On. It should be noted that the spaced transverse rails 154 are no longer attached to the foundation in the wheel housing. The lower ends of the vertical pivot arms 132 are secured to suitable lugs (not shown) by rails 154. In addition, the hydraulic cylinder 92 (Figure 5) for moving the intermediate mold 44 is not attached to the fixed support but is attached to the frame of the movable base 146.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that the present invention provides a very flexible and cost-effective casting subassembly for casting concrete to produce concrete building elements in at least two different widths. This results in optimum efficiency in operation by allowing a single relatively wider slab element to be made, cutting parts into relatively shorter lengths that can be raised to available crane capacity 1 la, and producing two relatively narrower slabs at the same time requiring longer final lengths that would otherwise exceed the available crane lifting capacity.

While specific embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated herein, it is to be understood that variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore to be understood that the appended claims are intended to cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the true spirit and purpose of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. Concrete casting support (20) for the manufacture of elongated concrete building elements of different widths, which consists of a longitudinally extending and straight casting base (22) provided with a longitudinal bottom plate (24) adorned the sidewalls of the casting mold (26). 28), which casting base is divided by the length along said base plate (24) into two parts, movable in relation to each other, several transversely separated transverse webs (50) located beneath said casting support perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the casting support, arranged under the casting parts mounted wheels (52), which run on said transverse paths and support said support parts during casting during the relative transverse movement, characterized in that the concrete casting support (20) comprises an elongated intermediate form (44) pivotable in television different positions, a position where the intermediate mold is located between said casting members parallel to the front side walls of the former, so that the intermediate mold forms a and another position where the intermediate mold is under said casting members, so that the plant further comprises a hydraulic system (100 or 124) for transverse movement of the casting parts, thereby. it is possible to produce either a concrete element which extends from one mold wall to the other when said intermediate mold is pivoted such that it is under the mold parts and the mold parts are moved close to one another, or alternatively produce a separate concrete gel in each section of the casting base when said intermediate mold is pivotal; that it is between the parts of the casting base. 17 61 281 2. An installation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate form (44TSr is provided with a device for lifting the mold after hand as the molding and curing of the various concrete elements proceed and for releasing the concrete elements. Installation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said lateral hydraulic device for said casting support members (36) comprises an elongated displacement element (98), said extension in principle, along the entire length of the casting support and for longitudinal movement, a pivoting arm (10ats) is mounted on the pivot arm, the will strikes between each moving member (98) and one of the casting members, said pivoting arm being pivotally attached to said moving member and to said casting member to laterally separate attachment points, and a hydraulic cylinder device (.100) for longitudinal movement of said displacement element to effect a resultant movement of said casting member. k. Installation according to claim 3, characterized in that said longitudinal displacement element (95) extends in principle along the center of said casting substrate, that a plurality of pivot arms (ΐθ4) extend parallel to the lateral of said displacement element. both parts of the substrate (3 + 36). 5. Plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said transverse paths