EP4419972A1 - Procede de determination d'une valeur de repere et procede de reglage d'une valeur de repere - Google Patents
Procede de determination d'une valeur de repere et procede de reglage d'une valeur de repereInfo
- Publication number
- EP4419972A1 EP4419972A1 EP22789225.4A EP22789225A EP4419972A1 EP 4419972 A1 EP4419972 A1 EP 4419972A1 EP 22789225 A EP22789225 A EP 22789225A EP 4419972 A1 EP4419972 A1 EP 4419972A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- value
- oscillator
- watch movement
- mark
- positions
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 211
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 71
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004429 Calibre Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012905 input function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-morpholin-4-yl-1-oxa-3-azonia-2-azanidacyclopent-3-en-5-imine;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[N-]1OC(=N)C=[N+]1N1CCOCC1 NCGICGYLBXGBGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001522296 Erithacus rubecula Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001594 aberrant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007635 classification algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007620 mathematical function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012706 support-vector machine Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
- G04D7/12—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard
- G04D7/1207—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard only for measuring
- G04D7/1235—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard only for measuring for the control mechanism only (found from outside the clockwork)
- G04D7/1242—Timing devices for clocks or watches for comparing the rate of the oscillating member with a standard only for measuring for the control mechanism only (found from outside the clockwork) for measuring amplitude
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining a watch mark value.
- the invention also relates to a method for setting a clock mark value.
- the invention also relates to a method for determining a drift value of a reference value of a watch movement.
- the invention also relates to a method for determining a geometry of an arrangement of an oscillator in a watch movement.
- the invention also relates to a watch movement obtained by the implementation of such an adjustment process or a watch movement regulated by the implementation of such an adjustment process.
- the invention finally relates to a timepiece comprising such a timepiece movement.
- the mark is one of the three values commonly measured during chronometric measurements, along with the rate and the amplitude.
- the mark corresponds to a misalignment of the equilibrium position of the balance-spring with respect to the center line, which connects the pivot points of the balance-spring and of the lever of the exhaust.
- the balance position of the balance at rest should be on this line, in order to have half-oscillations of the same duration. If the position of equilibrium is not located on the center line, the angle of oscillation between the center line and the point of return of the sprung balance will not be identical on either side of the center line. centers.
- the mark is a quantity which characterizes the asymmetry of the oscillation of the balance wheel.
- the balance wheel When stationary (without torque in the transmission chain or in the spiral), the balance wheel is at its resting point.
- the half-oscillations on either side of the center line have different amplitudes and durations.
- the mark is thus traditionally expressed in milliseconds and calculated by identifying the instants of the shocks during release (as represented in FIG. 1).
- the start of period t1 corresponds to a balance plate pin coming into contact with a first fork horn of an anchor and the end of period t1 corresponds to a coming into contact with contact of the chainring peg with a second fork horn.
- the start of period t2 corresponds to the chainring peg coming into contact with the second fork horn and the end of period t2 corresponds to the chainring peg coming into contact with the first fork horn.
- the objective of the watchmaker is to set the mark to zero based on the chronometry measurements taken with the chrono-comparator.
- a mark at zero in all positions is traditionally a sign of good craftsmanship of the mechanical watch.
- a well-adjusted marker is thus considered a guarantee of watchmaking quality (the English term is "beat error") and is the subject of very special attention during adjustment.
- an out of adjustment mark may indicate that the watch has suffered a fall or shock.
- Application EP2570868A1 relates to an oscillator whose ferrule, hairspring, and plate are in one piece. It is mentioned there that: "...the balance spring collar must be mounted on the balance wheel axle in such a way that, at the neutral or equilibrium point of this balance spring, the center of the plate peg is located on a straight line passing through the axis of balance and the axis of the anchor. Since the hairspring and the large plate are mounted independently of one another on the balance staff, this condition is practically never fulfilled. This is why there is provided on the cock of the watch movement a movable eyebolt holder, on which the outer end of the hairspring is fixed, which can move in rotation coaxially with the balance axis to allow the escapement to be aligned. or allow the condition set out above to be satisfied. »
- the object of the invention is to provide methods making it possible to improve the horological devices known from the prior art.
- the invention proposes a method making it possible to reliably and accurately determine benchmark values and methods making it possible to simplify and make the setting of the benchmark simpler and more reliable.
- the invention proposes methods making it possible to determine a drift of the mark of a horological movement and to determine an arrangement geometry of an oscillator.
- a method for determining a benchmark value is defined by claim 1.
- a first adjustment method is defined by claim 10.
- a second adjustment method is defined by claim 11.
- Modes of execution of the adjustment methods are defined by claim 12.
- a method for determining a drift of a benchmark value is defined by claim 13.
- a method for determining a geometry is defined by claim 14.
- a watch movement is defined by claim 15.
- a timepiece is defined by claim 16.
- an orthogonal projection of the direction of terrestrial gravitation on the plane (P) of the watch movement is zero or has an absolute value less than 5° or has an absolute value less than 10°, and/or in that at least one of the distinct and defined positions is such that the angle between: - the orthogonal projection of the center line (L) on the plane (P) of the watch movement, and
- an orthogonal projection of the direction of terrestrial gravitation or on the plane (P) of the watch movement is equal to 90° or has an absolute value comprised between 85° and 95° or has an absolute value comprised between 80° and 100°.
- Method according to one of proposals 1 to 4 characterized in that at least two distinct and defined positions are vertical positions of the watch movement and/or are positions having an angle of approximately 90° between them around a axis perpendicular to the frame.
- Method according to one of proposals 1 to 5 characterized in that the function defining the oriented value of the marker according to the position of the watch movement is defined as a sinusoidal function or a polynomial function or a Bézier function or a spline function corresponding to the best to data relating to the oscillator's benchmark.
- Method according to one of proposals 1 to 6 characterized in that it comprises, in particular for at least one defined position or for each defined position or for all of the distinct and defined positions, a determination step by measurement and calculation an oscillation amplitude of the oscillator (3).
- Method according to one of proposals 1 to 8 characterized in that the determinations of the data relating to the reference of the oscillator (2) and/or of amplitudes of oscillation of the oscillator (2) are carried out by processing acoustic signals previously measured or acquired or by processing acoustic and optical signals previously measured or acquired. 0.
- Method for adjusting an oscillator (2) characterized in that it comprises a phase for implementing the method according to one of proposals 1 to 9 and a phase for adjusting the value of the mark of the oscillator (2). 1 .
- Method for adjusting an oscillator (2) characterized in that it comprises a phase for positioning the watch movement in a predefined position and a phase for adjusting the value of the marker to a zero value or to a non-zero value in this predefined position.
- Adjustment method according to proposal 10 or 1 characterized in that the adjustment phase of the value of the mark comprises a movement of a mounting bracket of a spiral spring relative to a frame (99).
- Method for determining a geometry of an arrangement of an oscillator (3) in a watch movement (2) the method comprising:
- FIG. 1 is a time graph illustrating the vibrations detected at the level of the escapement of a timepiece during a period of oscillation of a balance wheel of a timepiece.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a timepiece seen by way of example from the bottom side to which the methods which are the subject of the invention can be applied.
- FIG. 3 is a view of an architecture of a watch movement seen by way of example from the dial side detailing the orientation of a regulating system.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view illustrating the link between the play of the pivot and the variation of the mark of a watch movement.
- the timepiece 300 is for example a watch, in particular a wristwatch.
- the timepiece 300 comprises a timepiece movement 200, on which is advantageously fixed a dial 50.
- the timepiece movement is intended to be mounted in a case or a timepiece box in order to protect it from the external environment.
- the watch movement 200 can be a mechanical watch movement, in particular an automatic watch movement, or even a hybrid watch movement.
- the watch movement 200 comprises a frame 99 and a regulating system 100.
- the 100 regulating system comprises an 2 oscillator and an escapement system, such as a 3 Swiss lever escapement.
- the oscillator 2 comprises an inertial element 21, such as a balance wheel 21 and a return spring 22, such as a spiral spring 22.
- the escapement comprises an anchor 31 cooperating with the oscillator 2.
- the line that connects the pivot points of the balance-spring and the escapement lever is usually referred to as the line of centers L.
- Figure 2 shows that the benchmark is defined by the angular offset between the neutral points of the escapement and the oscillator. For historical reasons, this quantity is expressed in milliseconds [ms] and thus characterizes half of the time difference between two successive alternations. In practice, this time depends on the speed of passage of the oscillator and therefore on its amplitude and its frequency.
- the benchmark has always been a zero or positive quantity expressed in [ms], which corresponds to the absolute time lag between the equilibrium position of the oscillator (defined by the direction passing through the center of the balance plate pin at rest and the pivot axis of the balance wheel) and the center line of the pivots of the balance wheel and the lever, with a zero adjustment target.
- the reference On the physical plane, the reference is a magnitude centered on zero, the sign of which depends on the direction of the angular offset. As measured today, the marker is unsigned. Apart from the fact that this quantity consequently does not follow a normal distribution, it presents a risk of leading to false conclusions on a difference or drift in the reference value between two states, in particular between two measurements of the same watch movement with two different times, such as before and after an adjustment operation or a shock test or exposure to a magnetic field. For example, we can conclude that there is no drift when in reality it is the (unknown) sign that has changed, or we can conclude that there is a systematic drift between two states when it is only an effect. dispersive at the level of the watch movement.
- the mark can be made invariant of the amplitude by applying a conversion which takes into account the amplitude noted during the measurement. Then, the sign of this quantity can be determined in several non-invasive ways, without having to modify the position of the eyebolt holder (and therefore disturb the reference mark) as practiced until now. From a geometric point of view, the mark corresponds to the angular offset (measured in angle of rotation of the balance) between:
- the benchmark has historically been defined and measured in milliseconds.
- This time corresponds to the angular shift mentioned above, and will depend on the speed of the balance wheel at the neutral point, and therefore on its amplitude and its frequency. In the end, the lower the amplitude, the greater the time difference over two half-waves.
- the objective of the transition to a geometric reference is to relate a temporal deviation on a periodic function to an angular deviation, which is constant and representative of the direct physical cause of the shift. Taking into account the amplitude at the moment of the measurement therefore has the effect of making the marker constant over the entire discharge of the barrel or despite a drift in the amplitude over time.
- Rg geometric reference [°] f: frequency of the oscillator [Hz], A: Amplitude [°] of the horological movement of the balance wheel, and Rt: time reference [s].
- the reference can therefore be expressed as an angular quantity or as a temporal quantity.
- time marker is proportional to the inverse of the amplitude of the horological movement of the balance wheel.
- the reference mark is positive definite when the line of the neutral point of the oscillator presents a positive angular shift (counterclockwise or trigonometric direction seen from the bottom side, i.e. the direction FH ) with respect to the line of centers passing through the pivot point of the axis of the anchor and the pivot point of the oscillator axis. Otherwise, it will be negative.
- the temporal and geometric markers will have the same sign, the time t1 corresponding to the alternation on the output function and t2 to the alternation on the input function.
- the sign is positive for t1 >t2.
- these sign conventions depend on the orientation of the center line, the geometry of the escapement, or even the architecture of the watch movement. However, it is easy to establish by analogy a convention for each calibre.
- the direction or sign or orientation of the mark could be determined only by moving the stud holder in a given direction and by measuring the evolution of the mark, which led to the loss of the initial setting of the mark. Indeed, the processes known until then did not make it possible to know the sign of the mark without carrying out several adjustments and successive measurements.
- the sign of the marker is essential information for the analysis of this quantity and for making adjustments to the watch movement.
- several techniques are possible to determine the sign, in particular several measurements acoustics, an opto-acoustic measurement, an analysis of a raw signal, a measurement in a non-Galilean frame of reference, etc.
- the embodiment of the method for determining the benchmark set out below uses the radial play of the balance pivot.
- the applicant's data reveal that this play has an influence on the mark: this varies greatly according to the vertical orientation of the watch movement (for example, according to the clock positions 3H, 6H, 9H, 12H).
- a digital adjustment makes it possible to determine the sign and the value of the marker, according to a model which is particularly simple to implement with known equipment, in particular with acoustic measurement equipment.
- the method can use acoustic measurements carried out in several positions, in particular in the four vertical horological positions. Based on a theoretical model that exploits the play of the balance wheel pivot and conventions, it is possible to sign benchmark results initially measured in absolute terms.
- the principle consists in comparing and adjusting a sinusoidal regression function corresponding as best as possible to the measurements of markers obtained in different positions, for example corresponding to the best to four measurements of markers obtained in different vertical positions.
- the method comprises at least the following steps:
- the positions are defined, i.e. the orientations of the watch movement in space are known.
- the mark value is an oriented value or a signed value, i.e. a value that can be positive or negative.
- the benchmark value can be a time value, in particular a time value expressed in milliseconds. Such a value is dependent on the frequency of the oscillator and the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance wheel.
- the reference value can be a geometric value, in particular an angle value expressed for example in degrees.
- Such a value has the advantage of being independent of the frequency of the oscillator and of the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance wheel.
- the method is implemented while the oscillator is in motion. Indeed, in the process, different actions are implemented, including measurements, while the oscillator is in motion.
- the method comprises a step of setting the oscillator in motion. This can be ensured by winding the barrel so that it stores sufficient energy to ensure nominal operation of the watch movement.
- the watch movement is successively positioned in at least two determined positions, either distinct and defined, with respect to the direction of terrestrial gravitation.
- these positions can include reference horological positions where the horological movement is vertical, in particular a 3 o'clock position, a 6 o'clock position, a 9 o'clock position, a 12 o'clock position or any intermediate vertical position between two of the vertical positions mentioned above.
- the method can be implemented by positioning the watch movement in several distinct positions relative to the direction of Earth's gravitation.
- the horizontal horological positions in particular the positions FH and CH, are not desirable for implementing the determination method.
- a datum relating to the reference of the oscillator 2 is determined.
- acoustic data are used making it possible to determine, in particular by calculation, the reference data according to the formula
- a measurement of a reference datum is carried out in each of the positions.
- an apparatus for measuring variations in the intensity of an acoustic phenomenon is used and an acoustic signal is obtained. By processing this signal, the values t1 and t2 can be determined. These values are then used in a process or calculation to determine an absolute value of the mark.
- the marker data obtained in the simplest way is marker time data (unsigned or unoriented).
- the method advantageously comprises a step:
- the method also advantageously comprises a step of using the amplitude of oscillation of the oscillator 2 to determine by calculation an angular datum of the marker, corresponding to the temporal datum of the marker.
- the amplitude of oscillation of the oscillator does not vary or varies little during all the measurements in the various positions, it is possible to determine, in particular by measurement and calculation, only once the amplitude of the oscillator and of assume this constant amplitude during all the measurements made in the different positions.
- the oscillation amplitude of the oscillator varies during all the measurements in the different positions, it is preferable to determine the amplitude of the oscillator in each position and to associate these different amplitude measurements with the different positions and to the different benchmark data obtained in the different positions.
- the determination or determinations, in particular the measurement or measurements, of the amplitude can be carried out in one and/or the other of the distinct and defined positions. Alternatively, the determination(s), in particular the measurement or measurements of the amplitude can be carried out in any other position.
- all the reference data obtained and their opposite values are used to define 2 n combinations of data (assuming that the watch movement has been positioned in n positions and that a reference datum has been obtained for each location). Each of these positions is associated with an angle ⁇ (according to the NIHS 95-10 standard).
- ⁇ according to the NIHS 95-10 standard.
- the orientation angle of the watch movement ⁇ is the oriented angle formed between:
- This angle is oriented positively when moving from the orientation pointing towards the 12 o'clock index to the orientation pointing towards the 3 o'clock index, i.e. by turning clockwise on the dial.
- a signed geometric reference value is an oriented angle value. This value is independent of the amplitude of the oscillations of the balance wheel and the frequency of the oscillator.
- an estimate of the benchmark variation induced by the difference in position of the pivot between a centered pivot and a pivot resting on the pivot stone gives 0.76°, which corresponds to a benchmark time delay of 0.25 ms with an oscillation amplitude of 240° and an oscillator frequency of 4 Hz.
- a landmark measurement made at close intervals throughout a complete rotation in vertical positions around an axis perpendicular to the frame and/or on the dial of the watch movement makes it possible to observe a total variation of the mark of the order of 0.5 ms. This backlash phenomenon therefore seems to explain the benchmark variations observed in practice.
- orientation in the NIHS 95-10 standard
- 0° corresponds to the 12 o'clock position.
- the orientation is positive when the watch movement seen from the dial side (in the CH direction) turns counterclockwise: it goes from the 12 o'clock position (0°) to 3 o'clock (90°) and so on.
- the inclination in the NIHS 95-10 standard
- the position seen from the dial side is defined at 90° and the position seen from the back at -90°.
- a sign convention should also be defined. We will say that the mark is more and more positive when the line of the neutral point (passing through the pivot point of the pivot axis of the oscillator and through the center of the pin in the rest position of the pendulum) is moved in the anti-clockwise direction seen from the direction FH, with respect to the escapement line (or line of centers, which is the line situated in the plane P of the watch movement which passes through the axis of pivoting of the oscillator and by the pivot axis of the anchor).
- the extreme values of the benchmark must be noted when the line of centers L is in a horizontal position. Knowing that the line of centers L is inclined by 150° with respect to the 12 o'clock position, the extreme values and the value of the midpoint are given for the following orientations (with respect to 12 o'clock):
- the marker is at its minimum value.
- the marker is at its maximum value.
- the marker is at its midpoint, which can be called a “midpoint marker”.
- R( ⁇ ) marker (signed or oriented) depending on the orientation of the watch movement, the marker can be expressed temporally in [ms] or geometrically by an angle in [°]
- ⁇ orientation of the watch movement relative to the direction of the earth's gravitation (0-360°)
- cp phase difference determined or defined by the architecture of the watch movement, in particular determined or defined by the direction of the center line,
- M offset, positive, zero or negative (corresponds to the mark at the midpoint, i.e. when the orthogonal projection of the direction of Earth's gravitation on the dial or on the plane perpendicular to the pivot axis of the oscillator or on the main plane P of the watch movement or on the frame of the watch movement is parallel to the center line).
- the parameter cp being predefined on the basis of the architecture of the watch movement, on the basis of benchmark data measured for different positions of the watch movement, it only remains to calculate the parameters RO and M to define the value of the benchmark d a watch movement for all its positions relative to the direction of the earth's gravitation.
- a solution can be obtained by the method of least squares to determine by calculation a sinusoidal function corresponding to the best to the data relating to the reference of the oscillator measured in different positions of the watch movement.
- the parameter M corresponds to the theoretical benchmark, which the oscillator would present if the play in the pivots were zero.
- the term "midpoint” or “midpoint benchmark” for this parameter M can be used because it allows to describe the global or average behavior of the benchmark and is equal to the average of the benchmark values obtained in four spaced vertical positions 90°, for example in the four vertical horological positions.
- the benchmark data obtained by measurement are all positive.
- the signed mark data may be all positive or all negative or, if the watch movement is well set to the mark, some positive and some negative.
- the final solution is expressed in the following form, the reference values being those measured, to which we have added the sign of the values calculated according to the theoretical model established using the data obtained during the test carried out on the watch movement :
- the value of the benchmark at the midpoint i.e. in the position of the movement watchmaker where the orthogonal projection of the direction of earth's gravitation on the dial - or on the plane perpendicular to the pivot axis of the oscillator or on the main plane of the watch movement or on the frame of the watch movement - is parallel to the center line.
- This benchmark value at the midpoint is +0.19 ms (or 0.57° for the benchmark expressed geometrically).
- the function defining the oriented angular value of the marker according to the position of the watch movement can be determined as a sinusoidal function (of the orientation ⁇ of the watch movement) best corresponding to the data relating to the the oscillator. Thanks to such a sinusoidal function, it is possible to interpolate the value of the reference mark of the watch movement in any of its positions (provided that the direction normal to the dial forms an angle of at least 2°, preferably at least 3°, with the direction of Earth's gravitation). It is thus possible to know a reference value for a position of the watch movement in which no reference measurement has been carried out.
- the optical measurement (with double channels) makes it possible to know the direction of passage of the balance wheel at each alternation.
- this technology By combining this technology with an acoustic measurement, it becomes possible to know the direction of an alternation for each time measurement and thus to deduce the sign of the marker.
- the sign of the mark can be deduced by observing whether the mark increases or decreases during the measurement under acceleration: for example, if the mark increases when the platter is rotating, we will know that we are moving away from zero with respect to the stationary measurement. It thus becomes possible to know the sign of the mark.
- the sign of a mark very close to zero could however be difficult to identify.
- An improvement would be to apply a progressive acceleration, initially very weak in order to be able to detect the evolution of the measurement and possibly a change of sign during the increase of the torque.
- An alternative method consists in exciting the watch movement with a short pulse at a very precise instant, so that this disturbance is synchronous with an alternation of the watch movement, when the oscillator is close to the escapement function (in the middle of alternation).
- the use of the signed reference in particular the signed geometric reference, makes it possible to determine the midpoint, ie the effective difference between the neutral point of the oscillator and the center line.
- traditional measurement gives an absolute value.
- This reference value expressed over time depends on the amplitude, that it is therefore variable between the horizontal and vertical positions, and that it varies by typically 0.5 ms between the extreme values measured in vertical positions because of the backlash pivot.
- the method preferably includes a phase of searching for a better adjustment of a sinusoidal function to the measurement points by trying different combinations of signs of the measurement data obtained.
- a phase can be applied in a workflow.
- the mark value is far from zero and positive.
- the standard averages in absolute value offer a good approximation of the benchmark at the midpoint, or even the correct value if we consider the average of the four vertical positions (watch movements 3, 5). This is not surprising given the elements developed above.
- the reference value is far from zero and negative (watch movements 2, 4). We find the same characteristics as above, but with an inversion of sign the absolute value will be systematically false. This has direct consequences on the adjustment of the mark: the watchmaker will for example be obliged to carry out at least two cycles of adjustment and verification measurement.
- the reference value is close to zero (clock movement 1).
- the mean of the values differs from the mean of the absolute values, inducing a significant error (a factor of 2 in the example) on the value of the benchmark, which once again underlines the interest of the approach developed in this document.
- the determination method is applied to the watch movement in vertical positions, i.e. with the balance shaft in a position perpendicular to the direction of Earth's gravitation.
- the applicant's work shows that it is necessary to avoid implementing the determination process with the watch movement in a horizontal position.
- an angle of about 2°, preferably 3°, or even more can be measured between the axis of the oscillator and the direction of Earth's gravitation, the watch movement is in a position suitable for setting. effective implementation of the determination method. This condition can be met in one or some or all of the positions in which the timepiece movement is positioned in order to determine a reference datum.
- the angle of orientation ⁇ of the watch movement is defined as already indicated previously, that is to say as the angle oriented formed between: - an oriented direction starting from the center of the dial or the watch movement and pointing towards a 12 o'clock index, and
- At least one of the defined positions is such that the angle between:
- the orthogonal projection of the direction of terrestrial gravitation on the dial of the timepiece or on the plane perpendicular to the pivot axis of the oscillator or on the main plane of the watch movement or on the frame of the watch movement is zero or has an absolute value less than 5° or has an absolute value less than 10°.
- At least two defined and distinct positions are vertical positions of the watch movement and/or present an angle of approximately 90° between them around an axis perpendicular to the frame and/or to the dial (axis X according to the NIHS standard 95-10) and/or have an angle of at least 90° between them. More generally, at least two defined and distinct positions are positions of the watch movement such that the difference in angle of orientation ⁇ of the watch movement between these two positions is 90° or approximately 90° or at least 90 °. Very advantageously, at least a first defined position of the watch movement is such that the angle between:
- the orthogonal projection of the direction of terrestrial gravitation on the dial of the timepiece or on the plane perpendicular to the pivot axis of the oscillator or on the main plane of the watch movement or on the frame of the watch movement is zero or has an absolute value less than 5° or has an absolute value less than 10°
- at least one second position of the watch movement is such that the difference in orientation angle ⁇ of the watch movement between these first and second positions is ⁇ 90° or approximately ⁇ 90°
- a possible third position of the watch movement is such that the difference in orientation angle ⁇ of the watch movement between these first and third positions is ⁇ 90 ° or approximately ⁇ 90°
- the second and third positions being distinct positions, that is to say positions such that the difference in orientation angle ⁇ of the watch movement between these second and third positions is 180° or about 180°.
- the second and third positions are therefore defined and distinct positions such as the angle between:
- an orthogonal projection of the direction of terrestrial gravitation on the dial of the timepiece or on the plane perpendicular to the pivot axis of the oscillator or on the main plane of the watch movement or on the frame of the watch movement is 90° or has an absolute value between 85° and 95° or has an absolute value between 80° and 100°. In such second and third positions, it is possible to measure extreme values of the marker or values close to the extreme values of the marker.
- the determination of the reference value will be all the more reliable and precise as the number of measurement points is high.
- the architecture of the watch movement is known, therefore when the positions of the minima, zeros and maxima of the theoretical sinusoidal function R(A) is known, it is possible to position the watch movement in two vertical positions (or inclined at minus 2° with respect to the horizontal) only and to determine the value by elimination, in particular by excluding certain sign combinations which do not respect the sign convention and/or a physical reality (resulting amplitude R0 too high).
- the measurement positions can be spaced apart by 90°, or by more than 90°, or correspond to positions for which the function R( ⁇ ) exhibits a maximum or a minimum.
- the determinations of the data relating to the marker of the oscillator 2 (absolute values of time markers) and/or of oscillation amplitudes of the oscillator 2 are for example produced by processing acoustic signals previously measured or acquired or by processing acoustic and optical signals previously measured or acquired.
- the benchmarking or benchmark adjustment is carried out systematically on each watch movement or watch, either manually (for example by a watchmaker during an after-sales service or in a manual manufacturing flow), or automatically. (for example on a production PLC).
- manually for example by a watchmaker during an after-sales service or in a manual manufacturing flow
- automatically for example on a production PLC.
- the usual approach to setting the benchmark has been to perform an iterative series of acoustic measurements. Between each measurement, the piton holder is moved by a certain angle depending on the value of the benchmark measured at the previous iteration, taking a bet on the direction of movement during the first cycle.
- the piton carrier By measuring the mark before and after correction and knowing the direction in which the eyebolt carrier has been moved, it is possible to deduce, in most cases, the direction in which to correct the mark.
- Another possibility is to move the piton carrier strongly in one direction so that there is no doubt about the sign of the mark, and adjust the mark accordingly. This way of doing things is however laborious because it relies on several measurements and modifications of the position of the eyebolt carrier to arrive at the desired value iteratively.
- the question of the direction of movement of the hairspring can be decided even before the first retouching iteration, thus limiting manipulations at the eyebolt door.
- Parts that immediately show a mark within tolerances also do not have to be disturbed to identify the sign of the mark.
- a series of measurements in vertical positions makes it possible to identify the sign of the mark as explained previously. Expressed as a signed geometric reference, this measurement also makes it possible to quantify the reference through the midpoint which reflects the overall behavior of the watch movement.
- a mode of execution of a method for adjusting the regulating system 100 or the oscillator 2 is described below.
- the adjustment process includes:
- phase of implementation of the process for determining the reference object of the invention in particular a phase of implementation of an embodiment of the determination process described previously, and
- the phase for adjusting the value of the mark advantageously comprises moving a support for fixing the spiral spring relative to the escapement and/or to the frame 99.
- a function for example a sinusoidal function, or even any suitable function such as a polynomial or Bézier or spline function, at the measurement points.
- This adjustment method makes it possible to adjust the benchmark in a single operation, without implementing iterative tests, and by directly targeting the good value.
- the correction is all the more effective by using a determination of the signed geometric reference, which directly gives the correct angular value and the correct direction for the correction.
- This procedure of measuring the benchmark and setting the benchmark using the signed benchmark makes it possible to center the distributions at a good value, as well as to control and reduce the dispersions.
- the adjustment process described above is robust insofar as it allows reliable and precise adjustment of any watch movement.
- this adjustment method can be improved (in particular in terms of time and means of implementation) with knowledge of the architecture and/or the type of escapement of the watch movement to be adjusted.
- the work of the applicant makes it possible to predict changes in the value of the mark of a known watch movement according to the positioning on which this watch movement is based. Knowing the orientation of the regulating system in the watch movement, it is possible to determine a favorable positioning to carry out the adjustment of the marker. In particular, the positioning adopted positions the watch movement according to a known orientation ⁇ . As a result, it is possible to determine the optimal benchmark value to be adjusted in such a position, this value can be a zero value, a maximum value, a minimum value or any other intermediate value.
- the watch movement is preferably positioned so that the normal to the dial has, with the direction of terrestrial gravitation, an angle ⁇ of at least 2°, preferably at least 3°. Any angle 0 greater than 10°, in particular greater than 30° or greater than 45°, seems particularly interesting also from an ergonomic point of view for a watchmaker.
- This adjustment can be implemented for any type of escapement, including the Swiss lever escapement. It is however particularly relevant for escapements with asymmetrical operation for which the marker has an influence on the rate, such as the Robin escapement.
- the phase for adjusting the value of the mark advantageously comprises moving a support for fixing the spiral spring relative to the frame 99.
- the different modes of execution of the adjustment method can be combined.
- the watch movement can be positioned in another predefined position, in particular positioning the watch movement so that the angle between:
- an embodiment of a method for determining a drift value of a watch movement after a shock or magnetization comprises a phase for determining the reference value of oscillator 2 implementing the method of determining the benchmark described above.
- two phases for determining the value of the reference mark of oscillator 2 are carried out implementing the method for determining the reference mark described above, a first phase before the shock or the magnetization and a second phase after the shock or the magnetization.
- I the distance between the axis of the balance pivot and the plate pin.
- the method comprises:
- frame used in this document can be replaced by the notion of “module”, for example if the oscillator-escapement system is mounted and/or adjusted on a watch module intended to be assembled later on a frame.
- benchmark can be used to mean “benchmark value”.
- plane of the watch movement or “main plane of the watch movement”, we mean a plane perpendicular to the axes of the mobiles of the going train. This plane is for example perpendicular to the pivot axis of the oscillator. This plane is preferably the plane along which the watch movement extends. For example, this plan is:
- determining a value we mean a set of at least one step making it possible to establish a value or to quantify a thing or a phenomenon. These steps include:
- determining a function is meant a set of at least one step making it possible to establish or define the function, in particular the mathematical function, in particular and more precisely the coefficients and/or constants of the said function. These steps include:
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electric Clocks (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21203825 | 2021-10-20 | ||
PCT/EP2022/076727 WO2023066614A1 (fr) | 2021-10-20 | 2022-09-26 | Procede de determination d'une valeur de repere et procede de reglage d'une valeur de repere |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4419972A1 true EP4419972A1 (fr) | 2024-08-28 |
Family
ID=78332701
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP22789225.4A Pending EP4419972A1 (fr) | 2021-10-20 | 2022-09-26 | Procede de determination d'une valeur de repere et procede de reglage d'une valeur de repere |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4419972A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2024539678A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN118369623A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2023066614A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1285877A (fr) * | 1961-04-10 | 1962-02-23 | Greiner Electronic A G | Procédé d'équilibrage de systèmes oscillants pour mouvements d'horlogerie |
EP2570868B1 (fr) | 2011-09-13 | 2014-09-03 | Patek Philippe SA Genève | Pièce pour mouvement d'horlogerie, mouvement d'horlogerie et pièce d'horlogerie |
EP2864844B1 (fr) * | 2012-06-26 | 2020-09-02 | Rolex Sa | Procédé de détermination d'une caractéristique de balourd d'un oscillateur |
EP3136189A1 (fr) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-01 | Rolex Sa | Procédé de contrôle chronométrique d'une pièce d'horlogerie |
EP3486734B1 (fr) * | 2017-11-15 | 2020-09-02 | Montres Breguet S.A. | Controle chronometrique |
-
2022
- 2022-09-26 JP JP2024523566A patent/JP2024539678A/ja active Pending
- 2022-09-26 EP EP22789225.4A patent/EP4419972A1/fr active Pending
- 2022-09-26 CN CN202280081526.XA patent/CN118369623A/zh active Pending
- 2022-09-26 WO PCT/EP2022/076727 patent/WO2023066614A1/fr active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN118369623A (zh) | 2024-07-19 |
WO2023066614A1 (fr) | 2023-04-27 |
JP2024539678A (ja) | 2024-10-29 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3130966B1 (fr) | Mouvement d'horlogerie mecanique muni d'un systeme de retroaction du mouvement | |
WO2022152857A1 (fr) | Procédé de controle et de fabrication de ressorts spiraux d'horlogerie | |
EP2864844B1 (fr) | Procédé de détermination d'une caractéristique de balourd d'un oscillateur | |
EP2558819B1 (fr) | Mesure gyroscopique dans un systeme de navigation | |
EP3114535B1 (fr) | Methode d'appairage d'un balancier et d'un spiral dans un organe regulateur | |
EP4419972A1 (fr) | Procede de determination d'une valeur de repere et procede de reglage d'une valeur de repere | |
EP2917792B1 (fr) | Mise d'inertie ou d'équilibrage d'un ensemble balancier-spiral d'horlogerie | |
CH720705A2 (fr) | Procédé de réglage d'un système réglant comprenant un oscillateur et un échappement | |
EP3265879B1 (fr) | Mouvement horloger à régulateur à résonance tridimensionnelle magnétique | |
EP2802941B1 (fr) | Organe réglant pour chronographe mécanique | |
EP3273312A1 (fr) | Procédé de réglage de la marche d'une pièce d'horlogerie | |
FR2729755A1 (fr) | Gyroscope a laser en anneau et procede pour corriger des erreurs dues au blocage | |
CH708038A1 (fr) | Mouvement horloger à régulateur à résonance tridimensionelle. | |
CH706642B1 (fr) | Instrument optoélectronique de mesure du mouvement d'éléments mobiles d'un calibre de montre mécanique ainsi que la méthode de mesure. | |
CH712711B1 (fr) | Procédé de réglage de la marche d'une pièce d'horlogerie. | |
CH716950B1 (fr) | Procédé de mesure d'au moins une propriété d'un balancier d'un oscillateur balancier-spiral. | |
CH714600A2 (fr) | Pièce d'horlogerie munie d'un tourbillon. | |
WO2024017847A1 (fr) | Procédé de controle et de fabrication de ressorts spiraux d'horlogerie | |
WO2023117350A1 (fr) | Procédé de controle et de fabrication de ressorts spiraux d'horlogerie | |
EP4202576A1 (fr) | Procédé de contrôle et de fabrication de ressorts spiraux d'horlogerie | |
CH719659A2 (fr) | Organe réglant pour mouvement horloger. | |
EP2881809B1 (fr) | Procédé et appareil de mesure de la fréquence et de l'amplitude des oscillations d'un oscillateur mécanique de mouvement horloger | |
CH704688A2 (fr) | Procédé de certification de montre-chronographe. | |
EP4372479A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication de spiraux d'horlogerie | |
EP3839654A1 (fr) | Procede de correction de la marche et/ou de l'amplitude aux positions pour un oscillateur de piece d'horlogerie de type balancier-spiral |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20240430 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Free format text: CASE NUMBER: APP_51399/2024 Effective date: 20240911 |