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EP4355492A1 - Self-contained foam-generating device with built-in breathing apparatus - Google Patents

Self-contained foam-generating device with built-in breathing apparatus

Info

Publication number
EP4355492A1
EP4355492A1 EP22744790.1A EP22744790A EP4355492A1 EP 4355492 A1 EP4355492 A1 EP 4355492A1 EP 22744790 A EP22744790 A EP 22744790A EP 4355492 A1 EP4355492 A1 EP 4355492A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conduit
compressed air
pressure
breathing apparatus
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22744790.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabien FRANCES
Pierre VENDITTI
Célia LEPEYTRE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP4355492A1 publication Critical patent/EP4355492A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0018—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam
    • B05B7/0025—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply
    • B05B7/0031—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns
    • B05B7/0043—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply with disturbing means promoting mixing, e.g. balls, crowns including a plurality of individual elements, e.g. needles, baffles, rotatable blades
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/02—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
    • B01F23/235—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids for making foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/0018—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam
    • B05B7/0025—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with devices for making foam with a compressed gas supply
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2405—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle
    • B05B7/2416—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device using an atomising fluid as carrying fluid for feeding, e.g. by suction or pressure, a carried liquid from the container to the nozzle characterised by the means for producing or supplying the atomising fluid, e.g. air hoses, air pumps, gas containers, compressors, fans, ventilators, their drives
    • B05B7/2421—Gas containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2464—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device a liquid being fed by mechanical pumping from the container to the nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2472—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device comprising several containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/26—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device
    • B05B7/262—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device a liquid and a gas being brought together before entering the discharge device
    • B05B7/267—Apparatus in which liquids or other fluent materials from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device a liquid and a gas being brought together before entering the discharge device the liquid and the gas being both under pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/003—Cleaning involving contact with foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
    • B05B12/004—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area comprising sensors for monitoring the delivery, e.g. by displaying the sensed value or generating an alarm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/24—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas with means, e.g. a container, for supplying liquid or other fluent material to a discharge device
    • B05B7/2402—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device
    • B05B7/2475—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. by hand; Apparatus comprising containers fixed to the discharge device comprising a container carried on the back of the user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/001—Decontamination of contaminated objects, apparatus, clothes, food; Preventing contamination thereof
    • G21F9/002—Decontamination of the surface of objects with chemical or electrochemical processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an autonomous device for generating foam, with an integrated breathing apparatus.
  • the foams used can be viscose, that is to say enriched with a gelling agent which increases the physical stability of the foams and makes them less able to flow on even very inclined or vertical surfaces. Examples are given in FR 2841 802 Al. The invention is however not limited to these particular foams.
  • WO 2013/067401 A2 An example of a foam generating device is described in WO 2013/067401 A2; this device is partially portable, designed to fight fires, but devoid of respiratory assistance.
  • CN110251865 A describes a foam projection apparatus in which a bottle of compressed air which supplies the gaseous fraction of the foam also supplies a breathing mask via another conduit. An alarm device warns the user of impending air exhaustion.
  • An object of the invention is to integrate, under better conditions than in the last document above, respiratory assistance for the operator with the rest of the apparatus and in particular with the on-site manufacture of the foam.
  • the invention relates to a device for generating foam, comprising a reservoir of a foaming liquid, a container of compressed air, a first pipe leaving the reservoir and passing through a pump while being connected to suction and discharge ports of said pump, a second pipe leaving the container, the first pipe and the second pipe leading to a mixer of the foaming liquid and the compressed air, in which the foam is formed;
  • the second conduit comprising a bifurcation, provided with an atmospheric pressure regulator, which leads to a breathing apparatus intended for an operator of the device; characterized in that the second conduit is provided with a shutter downstream of the bifurcation; and the shutter is associated with a compressed air pressure tap at the outlet of the container, which automatically closes the shutter when said pressure drops below a threshold.
  • the residual air is thus fully allocated to the breathing of the user, which increases his safety.
  • the bifurcation comprises a branch ending at a valve of a quick coupling half, intended to connect another breathing apparatus;
  • the shutter is a valve pushed back by the compressed air in the pressure outlet and pushed back in the opposite direction by a spring;
  • the device comprises a pressure reading manometer connected to the second conduit.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of the invention
  • the device comprises a reservoir 1 of foaming solution in the liquid state, a container such as a bottle 2 of compressed air, a manometer 3, a main pressure reducer 4, a pneumatic pump 5, a mixer 6, a foam ejection end 7, a frame 8, a breathing mask 9 and a so-called Y connector 10.
  • a first conduit 11 connects an outlet orifice of the reservoir 1 to a suction orifice 12 the pneumatic pump 5; it emerges from the pneumatic pump 5 through its discharge orifice 13, passes through the mixer 6 and ends at the end 7.
  • a second conduit 14 connects an outlet orifice of the bottle 2 to the main regulator 4, then joins the first conduit 11 at a junction 15 made between the discharge orifice of the pneumatic pump 5 and the mixer 6.
  • a bifurcation 16 of the second conduit 14 leads to an orifice 17 for setting the rotor of the pneumatic pump 5 in motion (possibly via a second pressure reducer 43 to independently adjust the pressure there); another bifurcation 18 leads to the breathing mask 9.
  • the main regulator 4 still delivers compressed air at a pressure well above ambient pressure
  • the compressed air is supplied to the breathing mask 9 after having passed through a third regulator 19 at the exit of junction 18, which expands the compressed air to 1 bar.
  • the third regulator 19 can be integrated into the respiratory mask 9.
  • the bifurcations 16 and 18 leave the second conduit 14 just downstream of the main regulator 4 and therefore transport weakly compressed air at constant pressure (7 bars for example).
  • the pressure gauge 3 is connected by a pressure tapping conduit 20 to the second conduit 14, upstream of the main regulator 4, and it therefore makes it possible to measure the pressure of the gas at the outlet of the bottle 2 and to evaluate the filling of that -this.
  • the frame 8 carries the reservoir 1, the bottle 2, the main regulator 4, the pneumatic pump 5, at least a first portion of the first conduit 11 and the second conduit 14.
  • the chassis 8 can be vertical and belong to a backpack carried by the operator of the device; the frame 8 can also be a trolley, for example.
  • the respiratory mask 9 is not fixed to the frame 8, and the bifurcation 18, at the end of which it is located, is flexible, which allows the operator to wear the respiratory mask 9, or on the contrary discard.
  • the foam ejection end 7 is not attached to the frame 8 either, but is located at the end of a flexible lance 21, held by the operator and which extends as far as the junction 15.
  • the mixer 6 can be placed upstream of the lance 21. It is represented in FIG. to which the grids 28 are respectively fixed and which serve as their support for the wall of the bore 24, and two spherical and rigid balls 30 free to move between the grids 28.
  • the seals 29 serve to hold the grids 28 in place and to form between them a cage 31, further delimited by the wall of the bore 24, and in which the balls 30 are retained. They also force all the fluids circulating in the bore 24 to pass through the interior of the cage 31.
  • the mixer 6 thus defined can occupy the entire volume of the bore 24 or almost, that is to say that the grid 28 in upstream is close to the entrance to the bore 24, and the grid 28 downstream rests on the rear face of an end piece 26 which constitutes the end 7.
  • Figure 3 shows that the end 7 is attached to one end of a barrel 33 of a gun 32 held by the operator; the other end of the barrel 33 is joined to the lance 21.
  • the operator opens the lance 21 by pressing a trigger 35 of the gun 32.
  • the supply of the breathing apparatus 9 remains regardless of the state of the trigger 35.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a possible arrangement of the equipment on the frame 8, where there is still shown a spare tank used when the first (tank 1) has been emptied.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates that the bifurcation 18 is provided with a branch 38, which completes the Y connector 10, at the end of which is placed a valve 39 of one of the halves of a so-called quick connector of known type.
  • Branch 38 is used to add a second breathing mask for another operator, identical to breathing mask 9, or to connect to an air hose for assistance, if necessary: simply couple a supply duct of this mask, equipped with the other half of the quick coupling, to the valve 39.
  • Figure 6 illustrates an additional safety improvement, consisting of a switching device 40 which automatically cuts off the supply of compressed air to the pneumatic pump 5 and to the lance 21 when the bottle 2 begins to empty and the pressure of the air at its outlet passes below a threshold, in order to reserve the air for the breathing of the operator wearing the respiratory mask 9.
  • a valve 41 controlling the supply to the pneumatic pump 5 and the lance 21 is then switched to cut off the power supplies. Operation can be automatic if it is controlled by a pressure tap 42 of the second conduit 14 upstream of the main regulator 4, which presses on the valve 41 against the action of an opposing spring.
  • Other embodiments of switching or automatic cut-off devices are possible; it is also possible simply to rely on the indications of the manometer 3.
  • the device is devoid of any servitude, that is to say any supply from the outside, the operator can put it on or transport it without constraint in remote or inaccessible places. He seizes the lance 21 by the gun 32 and presses the trigger 35 when he is in front of the surface to be covered with foam.
  • the opening of the lance 21 allows the compressed air to flow through the second conduit 14. Part of the flow passes through the pneumatic pump 5, starts it up and serves to suck in an invariable flow, proportional to the flow of air passing through the pump 5, of the foaming solution out of the tank 1.
  • the pumped foaming solution and the main flow of compressed air, which is directed to the lance 21, come together at the junction 15, upstream of the mixer 6.
  • the flow rate of the foaming solution and that of the compressed air which mixes with it are proportional and therefore have an invariable ratio, determined by the physical characteristics of the fluids and of the device.
  • the foam is formed by mixing the air and the foaming solution, passing through the mixer 6.
  • the grids 28, and especially the balls 30, are very effective in obtaining a high expansion foam, that is to say say low liquid fraction.
  • Bottle 2 capacity of 31, starting pressure of 300 bar; Tanks 1 or: capacity of 81 each;
  • Main regulator 4 reduces the pressure to 7 bar
  • Second regulator 43 reduces the pressure to 4 bars
  • Foaming solution water, with Glucopon 215UP [BASF] at 10g/l, and Xanthan Gum (G1253) [Sigma Aldrich] at 3g/l; Layer projected on vertical surface: 10m 2 , 1cm thick, in 120s; sliding speed less than lcm/min.
  • the foam holding time is at least 120 min;

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a breathing apparatus (9) that can be used by the operator and is supplied by compressed air (2) that is also used to produce, on the spot, the foam to be generated, and possibly to drive a pneumatic pump (5) that draws in the foaming liquid using appropriate expansion valves (4, 19, 43). An automatic shut-off device is added to automatically cut off the supply to a location other than the breathing apparatus when the amount of air available becomes low.

Description

Description Description
Titre : DISPOSITIF AUTONOME DE GENERATION DE MOUSSE, A APPAREIL RESPIRATOIRETitle: AUTONOMOUS DEVICE FOR GENERATING FOAM, WITH RESPIRATORY APPARATUS
INTEGRE INTEGRATED
L'invention présente a trait à un dispositif autonome de génération de mousse, à appareil respiratoire intégré. The present invention relates to an autonomous device for generating foam, with an integrated breathing apparatus.
Elle trouvera utilité notamment dans des travaux de décontamination ou de dépollution, dans lesquelles des mousses doivent être appliquées sur de vastes surfaces pouvant être fortement inclinées ou verticales, ou dans des volumes, appartenant par exemple à des bâtiments ou d'autres structures immobiles, éventuellement peu accessibles, et se maintenir sur ces surfaces pendant un temps assez long pour agir sur les produits polluants, sans couler ou se dégrader d'une autre manière. It will find utility in particular in decontamination or depollution work, in which foams must be applied on vast surfaces which can be strongly inclined or vertical, or in volumes, belonging for example to buildings or other immobile structures, possibly not easily accessible, and remain on these surfaces for a long enough time to act on the polluting products, without running or degrading in another way.
Les mousses utilisées peuvent être viscosées, c'est-à-dire enrichies en un agent gélifiant qui accroît la stabilité physique des mousses et les rend moins aptes à s'écouler sur des surfaces même très inclinées ou verticales. Des exemples sont donnés dans FR 2841 802 Al. L'invention n'est toutefois pas limitée à ces mousses particulières. The foams used can be viscose, that is to say enriched with a gelling agent which increases the physical stability of the foams and makes them less able to flow on even very inclined or vertical surfaces. Examples are given in FR 2841 802 Al. The invention is however not limited to these particular foams.
Un problème de ces traitements, souvent effectués en milieu hostile, est que l'opérateur peut devoir affronter des atmosphères toxiques du fait de gaz ou de fumées, et qu'il doit alors être muni d'une assistance respiratoire. A problem with these treatments, often carried out in a hostile environment, is that the operator may have to face toxic atmospheres due to gases or fumes, and that he must then be provided with respiratory assistance.
Un exemple d'un dispositif de génération de mousse est décrit dans W0 2013/067401 A2 ; ce dispositif est partiellement portatif, conçu pour lutter contre les incendies, mais dépourvu d'assistance respiratoire. An example of a foam generating device is described in WO 2013/067401 A2; this device is partially portable, designed to fight fires, but devoid of respiratory assistance.
CN110251865 A décrit un appareil de projection de mousse dans lequel une bouteille d'air comprimé qui fournit la fraction gazeuse de la mousse alimente aussi un masque respiratoire par un autre conduit. Un dispositif d'alarme prévient l'utilisateur d'un prochain épuisement de l'air. CN110251865 A describes a foam projection apparatus in which a bottle of compressed air which supplies the gaseous fraction of the foam also supplies a breathing mask via another conduit. An alarm device warns the user of impending air exhaustion.
Un objet de l'invention est d'intégrer dans de meilleures conditions que dans le dernier document ci-dessus une assistance respiratoire à l'opérateur au reste de l'appareil et notamment à la fabrication sur place de la mousse. An object of the invention is to integrate, under better conditions than in the last document above, respiratory assistance for the operator with the rest of the apparatus and in particular with the on-site manufacture of the foam.
D'autres objets de l'invention sont : - de pouvoir transporter l'appareil sans difficulté dans des endroits peu accessibles et dépourvus de toute source d'approvisionnement, par exemple en eau ou en électricité ; Other objects of the invention are: - to be able to transport the device without difficulty in places that are not easily accessible and have no source of supply, for example water or electricity;
- et d'offrir certains avantages de sécurité à l'opérateur. - and to offer certain safety advantages to the operator.
D'après une définition générale, l'invention est relative à un dispositif de génération de mousse, comprenant un réservoir d'un liquide moussant, un récipient d'air comprimé, un premier conduit sortant du réservoir et traversant une pompe en étant connecté à des orifices d'aspiration et de refoulement de ladite pompe, un deuxième conduit sortant du récipient, le premier conduit et le deuxième conduit menant à un mélangeur du liquide moussant et de l'air comprimé, dans lequel la mousse est formée ; le deuxième conduit comprenant une bifurcation, munie d'un détendeur à pression atmosphérique, qui mène à un appareil respiratoire destiné à un opérateur du dispositif ; caractérisé en ce que le deuxième conduit est muni d'un obturateur en aval de la bifurcation ; et l'obturateur est associé à une prise de pression de l'air comprimé à la sortie du récipient, qui ferme automatiquement l'obturateur quand ladite pression descend sous un seuil. According to a general definition, the invention relates to a device for generating foam, comprising a reservoir of a foaming liquid, a container of compressed air, a first pipe leaving the reservoir and passing through a pump while being connected to suction and discharge ports of said pump, a second pipe leaving the container, the first pipe and the second pipe leading to a mixer of the foaming liquid and the compressed air, in which the foam is formed; the second conduit comprising a bifurcation, provided with an atmospheric pressure regulator, which leads to a breathing apparatus intended for an operator of the device; characterized in that the second conduit is provided with a shutter downstream of the bifurcation; and the shutter is associated with a compressed air pressure tap at the outlet of the container, which automatically closes the shutter when said pressure drops below a threshold.
L'air résiduel est ainsi affecté intégralement à la respiration de l'utilisateur, ce qui accroît sa sécurité. The residual air is thus fully allocated to the breathing of the user, which increases his safety.
D'après certains perfectionnements optionnels : According to some optional enhancements:
- la bifurcation comprend un embranchement finissant à un clapet d'une moitié de raccord rapide, destiné à raccorder un autre appareil respiratoire ; - the bifurcation comprises a branch ending at a valve of a quick coupling half, intended to connect another breathing apparatus;
- l'obturateur est une vanne repoussée par l'air comprimé dans la prise de pression et repoussée en sens inverse par un ressort ; - the shutter is a valve pushed back by the compressed air in the pressure outlet and pushed back in the opposite direction by a spring;
- l'appareil comprend un manomètre de lecture de pression relié au deuxième conduit. - the device comprises a pressure reading manometer connected to the second conduit.
L'invention sera maintenant décrite dans ses différents aspects, caractéristiques et avantages, au moyen des figures suivantes, qui en illustrent une réalisation particulière, données à titre purement illustratif : The invention will now be described in its various aspects, characteristics and advantages, by means of the following figures, which illustrate a particular embodiment thereof, given for purely illustrative purposes:
- la Figure 1 est un schéma d'une réalisation de l'invention ; - Figure 1 is a diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
- la Figure 2 représente le mélangeur ; - la Figure 3 représente l'extrémité de la lance de projection ; - Figure 2 shows the mixer; - Figure 3 shows the end of the projection lance;
- la Figure 4 illustre un agencement concret de la réalisation ; - Figure 4 illustrates a concrete arrangement of the embodiment;
- la Figure 5 représente un détail supplémentaire de la réalisation ; - Figure 5 shows an additional detail of the embodiment;
- et la Figure 6 représente un autre détail supplémentaire de la réalisation. - And Figure 6 shows another additional detail of the embodiment.
Se reportant à la figure 1, l'appareil comprend un réservoir 1 de solution moussante à l'état liquide, un récipient tel qu'une bouteille 2 d'air comprimé, un manomètre 3, un détendeur 4 principal, une pompe pneumatique 5, un mélangeur 6, une extrémité 7 d'éjection de mousse, un châssis 8, un masque respiratoire 9 et un raccord, dit en Y, 10. Un premier conduit 11 relie un orifice de sortie du réservoir 1 à un orifice d'aspiration 12 de la pompe pneumatique 5 ; il ressort de la pompe pneumatique 5 par son orifice de refoulement 13, traverse le mélangeur 6 et aboutit à l'extrémité 7. Un deuxième conduit 14 relie un orifice de sortie de la bouteille 2 au détendeur 4 principal, puis conflue au premier conduit 11 à une jonction 15 réalisée entre l'orifice de refoulement de la pompe pneumatique 5 et le mélangeur 6. Une bifurcation 16 du deuxième conduit 14 aboutit à un orifice 17 de mise en mouvement du rotor de la pompe pneumatique 5 (via éventuellement un deuxième détendeur 43 pour régler indépendamment la pression à cet endroit) ; une autre bifurcation 18 mène au masque respiratoire 9. Comme le détendeur principal 4 délivre de l'air comprimé encore à une pression nettement supérieure à la pression ambiante, l'air comprimé est fourni au masque respiratoire 9 après être passé par un troisième détendeur 19 à la sortie de la bifurcation 18, qui détend l'air comprimé à 1 bar. Le troisième détendeur 19 peut être intégré au masque respiratoire 9. Les bifurcations 16 et 18 quittent le deuxième conduit 14 juste en aval du détendeur 4 principal et transportent donc de l'air faiblement comprimé à pression constante (7 bars par exemple). Le manomètre 3 est relié par un conduit de prise de pression 20 au second conduit 14, en amont du détendeur 4 principal, et il permet donc de mesurer la pression du gaz à la sortie de la bouteille 2 et d'évaluer le remplissage de celle-ci. Referring to Figure 1, the device comprises a reservoir 1 of foaming solution in the liquid state, a container such as a bottle 2 of compressed air, a manometer 3, a main pressure reducer 4, a pneumatic pump 5, a mixer 6, a foam ejection end 7, a frame 8, a breathing mask 9 and a so-called Y connector 10. A first conduit 11 connects an outlet orifice of the reservoir 1 to a suction orifice 12 the pneumatic pump 5; it emerges from the pneumatic pump 5 through its discharge orifice 13, passes through the mixer 6 and ends at the end 7. A second conduit 14 connects an outlet orifice of the bottle 2 to the main regulator 4, then joins the first conduit 11 at a junction 15 made between the discharge orifice of the pneumatic pump 5 and the mixer 6. A bifurcation 16 of the second conduit 14 leads to an orifice 17 for setting the rotor of the pneumatic pump 5 in motion (possibly via a second pressure reducer 43 to independently adjust the pressure there); another bifurcation 18 leads to the breathing mask 9. As the main regulator 4 still delivers compressed air at a pressure well above ambient pressure, the compressed air is supplied to the breathing mask 9 after having passed through a third regulator 19 at the exit of junction 18, which expands the compressed air to 1 bar. The third regulator 19 can be integrated into the respiratory mask 9. The bifurcations 16 and 18 leave the second conduit 14 just downstream of the main regulator 4 and therefore transport weakly compressed air at constant pressure (7 bars for example). The pressure gauge 3 is connected by a pressure tapping conduit 20 to the second conduit 14, upstream of the main regulator 4, and it therefore makes it possible to measure the pressure of the gas at the outlet of the bottle 2 and to evaluate the filling of that -this.
Le châssis 8 porte le réservoir 1, la bouteille 2, le détendeur 4 principal, la pompe pneumatique 5, au moins une première portion du premier conduit 11 et le deuxième conduit 14. Comme le montre la figure 4, le châssis 8 peut être vertical et appartenir à un sac à dos porté par l'opérateur du dispositif ; le châssis 8 peut aussi être un chariot roulant, par exemple. Le masque respiratoire 9 n'est pas fixé au châssis 8, et la bifurcation 18, au bout de laquelle il se trouve, est souple, ce qui permet à l'opérateur de se coiffer du masque respiratoire 9, ou au contraire de l'écarter. L'extrémité 7 d'éjection de mousse n'est pas non plus fixée au châssis 8, mais elle se trouve au bout d'une lance 21 souple, que tient l'opérateur et qui s'étend jusqu'à la jonction 15. The frame 8 carries the reservoir 1, the bottle 2, the main regulator 4, the pneumatic pump 5, at least a first portion of the first conduit 11 and the second conduit 14. As shown in Figure 4, the chassis 8 can be vertical and belong to a backpack carried by the operator of the device; the frame 8 can also be a trolley, for example. The respiratory mask 9 is not fixed to the frame 8, and the bifurcation 18, at the end of which it is located, is flexible, which allows the operator to wear the respiratory mask 9, or on the contrary discard. The foam ejection end 7 is not attached to the frame 8 either, but is located at the end of a flexible lance 21, held by the operator and which extends as far as the junction 15.
Le mélangeur 6 peut être placé en amont de la lance 21. Il est représenté à la figure 2. Il comprend deux grilles 28 planes se succédant dans le perçage 24 d'une paroi cylindrique et occupant toute sa section, deux joints d'étanchéité 29 auxquels les grilles 28 sont respectivement fixées et qui leur servent d'appui à la paroi du perçage 24, et deux billes 30 sphériques et rigides libres de se mouvoir entre les grilles 28. Les joints d'étanchéité 29 servent à maintenir les grilles 28 en place et à former entre elles une cage 31, délimitée encore par la paroi du perçage 24, et dans laquelle les billes 30 sont retenues. Ils obligent aussi tous les fluides circulant dans le perçage 24 à passer par l'intérieur de la cage 31. Le mélangeur 6 ainsi défini peut occuper tout le volume du perçage 24 ou presque, c'est-à-dire que la grille 28 en amont est proche de l'entrée du perçage 24, et la grille 28 en aval s'appuie sur la face postérieure d'un embout 26 qui constitue l'extrémité 7. The mixer 6 can be placed upstream of the lance 21. It is represented in FIG. to which the grids 28 are respectively fixed and which serve as their support for the wall of the bore 24, and two spherical and rigid balls 30 free to move between the grids 28. The seals 29 serve to hold the grids 28 in place and to form between them a cage 31, further delimited by the wall of the bore 24, and in which the balls 30 are retained. They also force all the fluids circulating in the bore 24 to pass through the interior of the cage 31. The mixer 6 thus defined can occupy the entire volume of the bore 24 or almost, that is to say that the grid 28 in upstream is close to the entrance to the bore 24, and the grid 28 downstream rests on the rear face of an end piece 26 which constitutes the end 7.
D'autres réalisations du mélangeur 6 conviendraient aussi à une bonne réalisation de l'invention. Other embodiments of the mixer 6 would also be suitable for a good embodiment of the invention.
La figure 3 montre que l'extrémité 7 est fixée à une extrémité d'un canon 33 d'un pistolet 32 tenu par l'opérateur ; l'autre extrémité du canon 33 est jointe à la lance 21. L'opérateur ouvre la lance 21 en pressant sur une gâchette 35 du pistolet 32. L'alimentation de l'appareil respiratoire 9 subsiste quel que soit l'état de la gâchette 35. Figure 3 shows that the end 7 is attached to one end of a barrel 33 of a gun 32 held by the operator; the other end of the barrel 33 is joined to the lance 21. The operator opens the lance 21 by pressing a trigger 35 of the gun 32. The supply of the breathing apparatus 9 remains regardless of the state of the trigger 35.
La figure 4 illustre une disposition possible des équipements sur le châssis 8, où on représente encore un réservoir de rechange utilisé quand le premier (le réservoir 1) a été vidé. Figure 4 illustrates a possible arrangement of the equipment on the frame 8, where there is still shown a spare tank used when the first (tank 1) has been emptied.
La figure 5 illustre que la bifurcation 18 est pourvue d'un embranchement 38, qui complète le raccord en Y 10, au bout duquel est placé un clapet 39 d'une des moitiés d'un raccord dit rapide de genre connu. L'embranchement 38 sert à ajouter un second masque respiratoire pour un autre opérateur, identique au masque respiratoire 9, ou à connecter à un tuyau d'air pour assistance, en cas de besoin : il suffit d'accoupler un conduit d'alimentation de ce masque, équipé de l'autre moitié du raccord rapide, au clapet 39. Figure 5 illustrates that the bifurcation 18 is provided with a branch 38, which completes the Y connector 10, at the end of which is placed a valve 39 of one of the halves of a so-called quick connector of known type. Branch 38 is used to add a second breathing mask for another operator, identical to breathing mask 9, or to connect to an air hose for assistance, if necessary: simply couple a supply duct of this mask, equipped with the other half of the quick coupling, to the valve 39.
La figure 6 illustre un perfectionnement de sécurité supplémentaire, consistant en un dispositif de commutation 40 qui coupe automatiquement la fourniture d'air comprimé à la pompe pneumatique 5 et à la lance 21 quand la bouteille 2 commence à se vider et que la pression de l'air à sa sortie passe au-dessous d'un seuil, afin de réserver l'air à la respiration de l'opérateur revêtu du masque respiratoire 9. Une vanne 41 commandant la fourniture à la pompe pneumatique 5 et la lance 21 est alors commutée pour couper les alimentations. Le fonctionnement peut être automatique s'il est commandé par une prise de pression 42 du deuxième conduit 14 en amont du détendeur principal 4, qui presse sur la vanne 41 contre l'action d'un ressort opposé. D'autres réalisations de dispositifs de commutation ou de coupure automatique sont possibles ; il est aussi possible simplement de se fier aux indications du manomètre 3. Figure 6 illustrates an additional safety improvement, consisting of a switching device 40 which automatically cuts off the supply of compressed air to the pneumatic pump 5 and to the lance 21 when the bottle 2 begins to empty and the pressure of the air at its outlet passes below a threshold, in order to reserve the air for the breathing of the operator wearing the respiratory mask 9. A valve 41 controlling the supply to the pneumatic pump 5 and the lance 21 is then switched to cut off the power supplies. Operation can be automatic if it is controlled by a pressure tap 42 of the second conduit 14 upstream of the main regulator 4, which presses on the valve 41 against the action of an opposing spring. Other embodiments of switching or automatic cut-off devices are possible; it is also possible simply to rely on the indications of the manometer 3.
Voici comment le fonctionnement du dispositif et ses avantages peuvent être décrits. Comme le dispositif est dépourvu de toute servitude, c'est-à-dire d'approvisionnement quelconque à partir de l'extérieur, l'opérateur peut le revêtir ou le transporter sans contrainte dans des lieux écartés ou peu accessibles. Il saisit la lance 21 par le pistolet 32 et appuie sur la gâchette 35 quand il est devant la surface à couvrir de mousse. L'ouverture de la lance 21 permet à l'air comprimé de s'écouler par le deuxième conduit 14. Une partie du débit traverse la pompe pneumatique 5, la met en marche et sert à aspirer un débit invariable, proportionnel au débit d'air traversant la pompe 5, de la solution moussante hors du réservoir 1. La solution moussante pompée et le débit principal d'air comprimé, qui est dirigé vers la lance 21, confluent à la jonction 15, en amont du mélangeur 6. Ici aussi, le débit de la solution moussante et celui de l'air comprimé qui se mélange à elle sont proportionnels et ont donc un rapport invariable, déterminé par les caractéristiques physiques des fluides et du dispositif. La mousse se forme par le mélange de l'air et de la solution moussante, en traversant le mélangeur 6. Les grilles 28, et surtout les billes 30, sont très efficaces pour obtenir une mousse à fort foisonnement, c'est-à-dire à faible fraction liquide. Quelques indications supplémentaires, de nature concrète, sont données ci-dessous pour décrire plus complètement un exemple particulier de cette réalisation du dispositif et ses performances. Here is how the operation of the device and its advantages can be described. As the device is devoid of any servitude, that is to say any supply from the outside, the operator can put it on or transport it without constraint in remote or inaccessible places. He seizes the lance 21 by the gun 32 and presses the trigger 35 when he is in front of the surface to be covered with foam. The opening of the lance 21 allows the compressed air to flow through the second conduit 14. Part of the flow passes through the pneumatic pump 5, starts it up and serves to suck in an invariable flow, proportional to the flow of air passing through the pump 5, of the foaming solution out of the tank 1. The pumped foaming solution and the main flow of compressed air, which is directed to the lance 21, come together at the junction 15, upstream of the mixer 6. Here too , the flow rate of the foaming solution and that of the compressed air which mixes with it are proportional and therefore have an invariable ratio, determined by the physical characteristics of the fluids and of the device. The foam is formed by mixing the air and the foaming solution, passing through the mixer 6. The grids 28, and especially the balls 30, are very effective in obtaining a high expansion foam, that is to say say low liquid fraction. A few additional indications, of a concrete nature, are given below to more fully describe a particular example of this embodiment of the device and its performance.
Bouteille 2 : capacité de 31, pression de départ de 300 bars ; Réservoirs 1 ou : capacité de 81 chacun ; Bottle 2: capacity of 31, starting pressure of 300 bar; Tanks 1 or: capacity of 81 each;
Détendeur 4 principal : réduit la pression à 7 bars ; Main regulator 4: reduces the pressure to 7 bar;
Deuxième détendeur 43 : réduit la pression à 4 bars ; Second regulator 43: reduces the pressure to 4 bars;
Solution moussante : eau, avec Glucopon 215UP [BASF] à 10g/l, et Xanthan Gum (G1253) [Sigma Aldrich] à 3g/l ; Couche projetée sur surface verticale: 10m2, 1cm d'épaisseur, en 120s ; vitesse de glissement inférieure à lcm/min. Dans le cas où la mousse est utilisée en remplissage d'un volume, le temps de maintien de la mousse est de 120min au moins ; Foaming solution: water, with Glucopon 215UP [BASF] at 10g/l, and Xanthan Gum (G1253) [Sigma Aldrich] at 3g/l; Layer projected on vertical surface: 10m 2 , 1cm thick, in 120s; sliding speed less than lcm/min. In the case where the foam is used to fill a volume, the foam holding time is at least 120 min;
Foisonnement de la mousse obtenue : environ 16,7 (environ 100 litres de mousse produits pour 6 litres consommés de la solution moussante). Les billes 30 pourraient être remplacées par un autre corps solide librement mobile dans la cage 31, et leur nombre pourrait être aussi être différent, un seul corps solide étant possible. Expansion of the foam obtained: approximately 16.7 (approximately 100 liters of foam produced for 6 liters of the foaming solution consumed). The balls 30 could be replaced by another freely movable solid body in the cage 31, and their number could also be different, a single solid body being possible.

Claims

Revendications Claims
1. Dispositif de génération de mousse, comprenant un réservoir (1) d'un liquide moussant, un récipient (2) d'air comprimé, un premier conduit (11) sortant du réservoir et traversant une pompe en étant connecté à des orifices d'aspiration (12) et de refoulement (13) de ladite pompe, un deuxième conduit (14) sortant du récipient (2), le premier conduit et le deuxième conduit menant à un mélangeur (6) du liquide moussant et de l'air comprimé, dans lequel la mousse est formée ; le deuxième conduit (14) comprenant une bifurcation (18), munie d'un détendeur (19) à pression atmosphérique, qui mène à un appareil respiratoire (9) destiné à un opérateur du dispositif ; caractérisé en ce que le deuxième conduit (14) est muni d'un obturateur (41) en aval de la bifurcation (18), et en ce que l'obturateur est associé à une prise de pression de l'air comprimé à la sortie du récipient, qui ferme automatiquement l'obturateur quand ladite pression descend sous un seuil. 1. Device for generating foam, comprising a reservoir (1) of a foaming liquid, a container (2) of compressed air, a first conduit (11) leaving the reservoir and passing through a pump while being connected to orifices of suction (12) and delivery (13) of said pump, a second pipe (14) leaving the container (2), the first pipe and the second pipe leading to a mixer (6) of the foaming liquid and air tablet, in which the foam is formed; the second conduit (14) comprising a bifurcation (18), provided with an atmospheric pressure regulator (19), which leads to a breathing apparatus (9) intended for an operator of the device; characterized in that the second duct (14) is provided with a shutter (41) downstream of the bifurcation (18), and in that the shutter is associated with a compressed air pressure tap at the outlet of the container, which automatically closes the shutter when said pressure drops below a threshold.
2. Dispositif de génération de mousse selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bifurcation (18) comprend un embranchement (38) finissant à un clapet (39) d'une moitié de raccord rapide, destiné à raccorder un autre appareil respiratoire. 2. Device for generating foam according to claim 1, characterized in that the bifurcation (18) comprises a branch (38) ending at a valve (39) of a quick coupling half, intended to connect another breathing apparatus.
3. Dispositif de génération de mousse selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'obturateur est une vanne repoussée par l'air comprimé dans la prise de pression et repoussée en sens inverse par un ressort. 3. Device for generating foam according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shutter is a valve pushed back by the compressed air in the pressure outlet and pushed back in the opposite direction by a spring.
4. Dispositif de génération de mousse selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un manomètre de lecture de pression relié au deuxième conduit. 4. Device for generating foam according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a pressure reading manometer connected to the second conduit.
EP22744790.1A 2021-06-16 2022-06-14 Self-contained foam-generating device with built-in breathing apparatus Pending EP4355492A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR2106380A FR3124098B1 (en) 2021-06-16 2021-06-16 AUTONOMOUS FOAM GENERATION DEVICE, WITH INTEGRATED RESPIRATORY APPARATUS
PCT/FR2022/051140 WO2022263766A1 (en) 2021-06-16 2022-06-14 Self-contained foam-generating device with built-in breathing apparatus

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EP (1) EP4355492A1 (en)
CA (1) CA3220949A1 (en)
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FR2841802B1 (en) 2002-07-08 2005-03-04 Commissariat Energie Atomique COMPOSITION, FOAM AND METHOD FOR DECONTAMINATING SURFACES
US20130112773A1 (en) 2011-11-03 2013-05-09 Intelgard, Inc. Compressed air-driven foam generator system in a backpack form factor
CN110251865B (en) * 2019-07-20 2024-07-23 惠州市恒钛机械自动化有限公司 Backpack type multifunctional security fire extinguishing device
CN112206434B (en) * 2020-11-27 2023-06-09 濮阳兴泰金属结构制品有限公司 Multifunctional linkage fire extinguishing device and working method thereof

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CA3220949A1 (en) 2022-12-22
US20240207662A1 (en) 2024-06-27
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FR3124098B1 (en) 2024-02-16
WO2022263766A1 (en) 2022-12-22

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