EP4234830A1 - Prefabricated concrete slab - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a precast concrete ceiling part, in particular for a multi-storey car park, with reinforcement in the concrete, with recesses being formed on at least one edge side in the precast concrete ceiling part, at least one of which is designed without reinforcement.

Description

The invention relates to a precast concrete floor part, a support for supporting an edge side of a precast concrete floor part, the use of a precast concrete ceiling part, the production of a precast concrete ceiling part, the use of a support, the production of a support and a composite component with at least one precast concrete floor part and at least one support.

From the prior art, precast concrete ceiling parts are known in which a reinforcement, which is at least partially surrounded by the concrete and is therefore at least partially arranged in the concrete, is guided outwards to form loops in the area of edge-side recesses. The precast concrete ceiling part known from the prior art can be placed with one edge on a steel girder. The precast concrete ceiling part is arranged in such a way that the loops arranged in the recesses are placed around so-called head bolt dowels, which are welded to the steel girder and, when used as intended, are aligned with the longitudinal axis in a direction essentially parallel to gravitational acceleration. The loops can be used to transfer tensile forces from the precast concrete ceiling element to the steel girder via the headed bolts.

It has been shown that, although highly satisfactory results are achieved with the known precast ceiling parts in the construction of buildings, in particular multi-storey car parks, in which the precast concrete ceiling parts are used, for example, as a floor for a parking level, there is room for improvement. The object of the invention is therefore to simplify the planning and/or construction with regard to a precast concrete ceiling part and/or a carrier, to make production simpler, to reduce resources for production, to enable careless handling of the respective component/carrier To reduce an effort caused by transport, to meet changed requirements for the precast concrete ceiling part while maintaining the same quality or service life and/or to ease the effort involved in setting up or assembling to form a composite component.

The object is achieved according to the subject matter of the independent patent claims. Advantageous embodiments result from the respective dependent claims and the description.

The core idea of the invention is the surprising finding that it is not necessary to lead out the reinforcement and to interact with the reinforcement guided out of the prefabricated ceiling concrete part with a head bolt dowel on the carrier in the manner previously thought. The invention has recognized that it can break with the previous prejudice in the prior art and still be able to achieve the required previous quality and quality of the precast concrete ceiling parts known from the prior art. The present invention had hitherto not been considered possible, since it was assumed that it was absolutely necessary for the loops on the precast concrete floor elements to be arranged in the recesses and/or the headed stud dowels on the beams to be at a predetermined spacing. The design of the connection with a loop and a head bolt dowel, which the person skilled in the art had previously regarded as absolutely necessary, is manifested in corresponding current standards, such as Eurocode 4, for example. The Eurocode 4 is based only on ductile headed studs on the beam and on the precast concrete ceiling part with appropriately formed (reinforcement) loops. The invention disregards the strong prejudice in the prior art and leads to subject matter of the independent patent claims that was previously not considered possible. Each of the subject matter of the independent claims constitutes an independent invention.

According to one aspect, the invention creates a precast concrete ceiling part with a reinforcement in the concrete. Recesses are formed in the precast concrete ceiling part on at least one edge side. At least one of the recesses is designed as a reinforcement-free recess.

Surprisingly, by omitting a reinforcement out of the concrete in at least one recess, despite the same grade and quality, not only the production can be made simpler, but also additional or alternative resources for the production can be reduced, a more careless handling of the respective Component/carrier makes it possible to reduce the effort involved in transport and/or to simplify the effort involved in setting up or assembling to form a composite component.

If it is described that reinforcement is provided or present in the concrete of the precast ceiling part, the term or the preposition "in" means that the reinforcement is at least partially arranged in the concrete to reinforce the precast concrete ceiling part. Provision can be made for the reinforcement to be led out of the precast concrete ceiling part at least partially or on one or some section(s) of the same, for example exposed on this or these section(s). It is possible that the section(s) also form recesses in the precast concrete floor element.

The precast concrete ceiling part can in particular be designed as a cuboid, parallelogram-shaped or trapezoidal precast concrete part, in which two large areas, which can in particular lie opposite one another, can be formed. The large areas can extend along a longitudinal axis and a width axis, which can run transversely to the longitudinal axis. The two large areas can be essentially parallel to one another or at an angle of less than 45°, in particular less than 40°, in particular less than 35°, in particular less than 30°, in particular less than 25°, in particular less than 20°, in particular less than 15°, in particular less than 10°, in particular less than 5°, in particular less than 4°, in particular less than 3°, in particular less than 2°, in particular less than 1°, in at least one direction of extent, in particular in both directions of extent, wherein the angles with regard to the two directions of extension can be the same or different, run at an angle to one another. The extent or dimensions of the precast concrete ceiling part in the direction of the longitudinal axis can be greater than the extent or dimensions of the precast concrete ceiling part in the direction of the width axis. The precast concrete ceiling part can have a height transverse to the longitudinal and to the width axis, the length of which is smaller than the extension in the direction of the longitudinal axis and the extension in the direction of the width axis. The height can be less than one tenth, in particular less than one fifteenth, in particular less than one twentieth of the length of the precast concrete floor part in the direction of the longitudinal axis and the width axis.

One of the large areas (first large area) can be an area that can be part of a floor of a building as a surface in the intended use or after installation, so that this large area, for example in relation to the direction of gravitational acceleration, points upwards. One of the large areas (first large area) can be configured as a rectangular area. One large area (first large area) can be designed as a trapezoidal or parallelogram-shaped area be designed. The large area (first large area) can be an area that has a boundary that essentially has four lines or can consist of four lines. Two of the four lines can run essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis and/or two of the four lines can run essentially parallel to the width axis, it also being possible for the lines to run at an angle of less than 45° to the longitudinal axis and/or to the width axis, in particular less than 40°, in particular less than 35°, in particular less than 30°, in particular less than 25°, in particular less than 20°, in particular less than 15°, in particular less than 10°, in particular less than 5°, in particular less than 4°, in particular less than 3°, in particular less than 2°, in particular less than 1°. One of the large areas (first large area) can be a substantially smooth, substantially closed and/or substantially flat surface.

The other of the two large areas (second large area) can be an area that can be part of a ceiling as an area when used as intended or after installation, so that this large area, for example in relation to the direction of gravitational acceleration, points downwards. The other of the two large areas (second large area) can be essentially rectangular. One large area (first large area) can be designed as a trapezoidal or parallelogram-shaped area. The other of the two large areas (second large area) can have an edge that can be used at least partially to place the precast concrete ceiling part on one or more carriers during intended use. The edge intended to be placed on a carrier or carriers when used as intended can be formed essentially completely around the circumference on the other of the two large areas (second large area). It can be provided that the other of the two large areas (second large area) has an edge on one side, which can essentially run offset along the longitudinal axis or parallel to it, which can be used at least partially to prevent the precast concrete ceiling part from being used as intended Use on one or more carrier (s), which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the longitudinal axis to hang up. It can be provided that the other of the two large areas (second large area) has an edge on two, in particular opposite sides, which can for example run essentially along the longitudinal axis or parallel to it, which can be used at least partially to to place the precast concrete part on several carriers, which are in particular arranged opposite one another, when used as intended. It can be provided that the other of the two large areas (second large area) has an edge on three sides, two of which can run essentially along the longitudinal axis, which can be used at least partially to support the precast concrete floor part on several supports when used as intended , of which, for example, three are arranged in the shape of a U to hang up.

In addition to the two large areas, the precast concrete ceiling element can have four side surfaces which extend between the large areas essentially in the direction of height and in the direction of the longitudinal axis on two of the sides or in the direction of height and in the direction of the width axis on two of the other sides of the precast concrete ceiling element can.

The edge intended to be placed on the carrier(s) during intended use can be part of the second large area or can run essentially parallel and offset to it. In particular, the edge can be present on two opposite sides of the precast ceiling part. The edge on each of the opposite sides can in particular be substantially parallel or at an angle less than 45°, in particular less than 40°, in particular less than 35°, in particular less than 30°, in particular less than 25°, in particular less than 25° than 20°, in particular less than 15°, in particular less than 10°, in particular less than 5°, in particular less than 4°, in particular less than 3°, in particular less than 2°, in particular less than 1°, inclined to the longitudinal axis of the run precast concrete parts.

For the purposes of the description, recesses are also formed on at least one edge or on the edge-side area of a large area on the precast concrete ceiling part. In contrast to the precast concrete ceiling parts known from the prior art, at least one of the recesses is designed without reinforcement, in particular to provide the possibility of using tensile forces that were previously carried out by means of a loop made of the concrete and a head bolt dowel, around which the loop was arranged in the intended use to be able to start differently. The task can be or will be solved simply by the fact that exactly one recess is formed in which no reinforcement is routed to the outside.

The second large area can have an edge on at least one side or an edge on two sides with a bearing or contact surface for bearing on one or more carrier(s), wherein the bearing or contact surface can be at least partially interrupted by the recesses. The first large area opposite the second large area can point away from the support or contact area of the second large area or be at least partially opposite to it.

For the purpose of the description, a recess, in particular a recess that is designed without reinforcement, can be an open recess or indentation formed in one of the large areas (in particular the second large area) and at the same time in one of the side areas, which can be delimited by four areas . The recess can be designed to be open to the second large area and to the side surface, wherein in particular in the direction of a "surface normal" of the opening(s), which can run essentially parallel to the respective surface in which the opening is formed (in particular the second large surface and the adjacent side surface), (each) a boundary by one of the four surfaces can be present. In this respect, a recess may not be in the form of a through hole, but rather in the form of a blind hole, with the recess being able to be formed in two surfaces that can run adjacent to one another (in particular the second large surface and one of the side surfaces). It is possible that the recess(es) does not extend over the entire height of the precast concrete ceiling part; Rather, the individual or multiple recess(es) can be designed in such a way that the recess(es) is/are covered by a concrete cover, which can be part of the first large area. Provision can be made for the recess to be arranged in a projecting area of the precast concrete ceiling part in order to enable a sufficient concrete covering.

One of the four surfaces (first surface) for delimiting the recess can extend essentially parallel or with an inclination to at least one of the large surfaces, so that the recess in one of the two large surfaces (second large surface) has an opening and in the direction of the other of the both large areas (first large area) is closed. Also in the direction transverse to the edge or the edge side in which the opening for the cutout is formed, there can be a blind hole-shaped configuration forming a bottom of the cutout. While the first surface can be essentially parallel to the first large surface and/or second large surface, the other three of the four surfaces can extend transversely to the two large surfaces, wherein the surfaces can have a directional component spanning the surface, which in particular is in one direction parallel or inclined at an angle of less than 45°, in particular less than 40°, in particular less than 35°, in particular less than 30°, in particular less than 25°, in particular less than 20°, in particular less than 15°, in particular less than 10°, in particular less than 5°, in particular less than 3°, to the direction of the height of the precast concrete ceiling part. A (partially) cuboid, (partially) cylindrical, (partially) spherical element can be used to shape or describe the recess Backfilling with grout after the precast concrete floor part has been placed on the beam(s) can be backfilled with a reduced tendency to form cavities. The recess can have a base area based on a view in the direction of the surface normal of the side surface and/or the surface normal of the large surface, which can be rectangular, trapezoidal, parallelogram-shaped, semi-elliptical, semi-circular or polygonal.

If it is described that at least one recess is designed without reinforcement, this means that alternatively or additionally more than one, i. H. a total of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more recesses can be designed without reinforcement. The number of recesses can be distributed over two opposite side edges or edges. Provision can be made, for example, for 15 or more recesses to be provided for a longitudinal extent of a precast concrete ceiling part of 8 m. There can be a "density" of cutouts per length in the range from 1 cutout per meter to 3 cutouts per meter, in particular 1.3 cutouts per meter to 2.5 cutouts per meter, very particularly preferably 1.5 cutouts per meter to 2 5 cutouts per meter, more preferably 1.75 cutouts per meter to 2.5 cutouts per meter, in each case based on the length of the edge side can be achieved.

The recess(es) can in particular be designed at least similarly or identically to the recess(es) as in the prior art with reinforcement in terms of the spacing of the recesses from one another and/or the dimensions of the recess(es).

In the context of the description, the term “non-reinforcement” also includes the configuration in which the recess is “filled” with something other than reinforcement. In addition, alternatively or additionally, a "filling" with a mold or a body made of a material that can be used for reinforcement can be provided, so that the recess, for example, "initially" or at a stage of delivery to a construction site, the material may have a reinforcement, which can be removed from the recess for installation or when using the precast ceiling part. In particular, the material for a reinforcement can be present in the recess, which material has no connection to the reinforcement within the concrete or is not brought out of the concrete as part of the reinforcement; this material can be removed without compromising the integrity of the precast concrete floor. In this respect, the term "reinforcement-free" can also include a configuration of a recess within which reinforcement or reinforcement material is arranged, but which has no functional connection with the reinforcement located in the concrete and is therefore "functionally unconnected" with the reinforcement inside the concrete Reinforcement, ie essentially independent of the reinforcement located in the concrete, is formed. Such a reinforcement or material in the recess designed in the sense of the description, which can only be arranged in the recess and is not functionally connected to the reinforcement within the concrete, can be removed from the recess so that the recess in the With regard to the function, it can be regarded or can be regarded as a recess designed without reinforcement. The integrity or Stability of the precast concrete slab is not affected by removal of reinforcement or reinforcement material not functionally connected to the reinforcement located in the concrete located in the recess.

If properties of the recess(es), in particular the reinforcement-free recess(es), are described, the individual possible aspects of the configurations, in particular with regard to dimensions, "filling", environment, in particular in the form of the surrounding material, distance to an adjacent ( further) recess, number of recesses on a precast concrete ceiling part and other aspects resulting from the description, can be freely combined with each other.

In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement, which is at least partially arranged within the concrete, is at least partially in the form of textile reinforcement. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the reinforcement, which is at least partially arranged in the concrete, is a textile reinforcement. A reinforcement that is at least partially designed as textile reinforcement offers the possibility of reducing the formation of corrosion, whereby a reinforcement that is at least partially designed as textile reinforcement can result in a synergistic effect that leads to a further development of the core idea of the invention, according to which an impact and/or shock-sensitive reinforcement in the recesses can be at least partially or completely dispensed with.

In the sense of the description, the term “textile reinforcement” includes a reinforcement formed from threads, which in particular can have a bundle containing filaments or fibers. A thread can thus be composed of individual filaments, which in particular can be provided with a size, the so-called sizing. The textile reinforcement can include carbon, which is designed as a roving as the starting material, in which case the individual filaments in the roving can be non-positively connected to one another, but are initially present loosely next to one another.

In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement, which is at least partially arranged within the concrete, is at least partially designed as metallic reinforcement. In terms of the description, the possibility of reducing the formation of corrosion can be created with the metallic reinforcement, which is not routed outwards in the recesses. Although metallic reinforcement may be provided within the concrete, by means of the considerations of the gist of the invention, a structure can be created in which corrosion can be reduced, although a material at least partially used for the reinforcement generally susceptible to corrosion. The metallic reinforcement can have steel, iron or the like.

The metallic reinforcement inside the precast concrete ceiling part can be flat, in particular in the form of a reinforcement mat. Provision can also be made for the metallic reinforcement to consist of individual components which are connected to one another, for example by means of a material connection (in particular welding) and/or by means of a positive or frictional connection (in particular flanging).

In a preferred embodiment, particularly when the reinforcement is a textile reinforcement, there are at least two thread systems which cross over the surface and form openings in the form of meshes. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the meshes can be formed regularly, in particular in the form of a rhombus or a rectangle.

When using two thread systems, the textile reinforcement can be designed in such a way that at least some of the threads of the first thread system extend in the first direction and at least some of the threads of the second thread system extend in a second direction that differs from the first direction, as a result of which threads arranged over a surface extend result, between which crossing points are formed and the threads are fixed to one another at the crossing points, in that the threads of the first direction are looped, linked, glued and/or connected by means of threads of a third group, for example with the threads of the second direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the textile reinforcement can be designed as a fabric having warp and weft, which simplifies the production of the textile reinforcement. The production of the textile reinforcement can be done on a (textile) machine commonly used for textile production.

In a preferred embodiment, the concrete is a concrete with a maximum grain size (diameter) of at least 8 mm or at least 16 mm. As a result, a concrete can be used that can correspond to DIN EN 206. For example, the concrete can have a maximum grain size of 16 mm, with a grain size of 0.025 mm to 4.0 mm in the range of about 36% to 74% of the total grain composition, a grain size of greater than 4.0 mm to 8.0 mm im ranging from about 14% to 24% of the total grain composition, and a grain size greater than 8.0 mm to 16.0 mm may range from about 12% to 40% of the total grain composition. Provided that the concrete is a concrete with a maximum grain size of 8 mm, this means that the maximum grain size can be 16 mm. A large-meshed textile reinforcement leads a synergistic effect in concrete with a maximum grain size of 8 mm or more or a maximum grain diameter of 16 mm. Interlocking of concrete and textile reinforcement can occur, preventing the effect of delamination. With larger openings or a larger distance between the boundary delimiting the openings, interlocking between the textile reinforcement and the grain of the concrete is possible.

It is also possible that a composition with a maximum grain size of 32.0 mm is used. Here, the concrete has a grain size of 0.025 mm to 4.0 mm in the range of about 23% to 65% of the total grain composition, a grain size of greater than 4.0 mm to 8.0 mm in the range of about 12% to 15% of the total grain composition, a grain size greater than 8.0 mm to 16.0 mm in the range of about 12% to 24% of the total grain composition, and a grain size greater than 16.0 mm to 32.0 mm im Range from about 11% to 38% of the total grain composition.

In a preferred embodiment, the concrete is normal strength concrete. In a preferred embodiment, the concrete has a strength class of C30/37 to C50/60. In particular, the concrete can have one of the following strength classes: C30/37, C35/45, C40/50, C45/55 and C50/60. As a particularly preferred embodiment, the concrete has a strength class of C40/50 or C45/55.

The precast concrete ceiling part can have a number of recesses, which in particular are designed without reinforcement. The recesses can have the same dimensions as one another, which can (further) simplify the production and/or planning of the precast concrete ceiling part and/or the carrier. It can also be provided that cutouts, in particular the cutouts that are designed without reinforcement, can have different dimensions.

The precast concrete ceiling part can have the same number or a different number of reinforcement-free recesses on its edge sides, so that one, two, three or more recesses can be present on one edge side.

Neighboring recesses on an edge side can be arranged essentially equidistant from one another, which can simplify the design, manufacture and/or handling when forming a composite component. In particular, the serial production of the precast concrete ceiling part can be simplified by means of an equidistant arrangement of adjacent recesses. However, it can also be provided that adjacent recesses on one edge have different distances from one another, so that need-based recesses can be formed on the precast concrete ceiling part. A mixed form an edge side with adjacent recesses which are arranged equidistant from one another and adjacent recesses which are at different distances from one another is possible.

If more than one recess is designed without reinforcement, it can be provided that the recesses designed without reinforcement, which can be formed in particular on one or both edge sides, are symmetrical to one another, in particular axially or mirror-symmetrically to the center line of the precast concrete ceiling part, which can in particular run parallel to the longitudinal axis , or are arranged transversely to this (parallel to the width axis) or to the center point of the precast concrete ceiling part, in particular on the center line in the middle. Such a configuration opens up the possibility, for example, of using the precast concrete ceiling part in different positions, for example rotated by 180°. If more than one recess is designed without reinforcement, provision can be made for the recesses designed without reinforcement, which can be formed in particular on one or both edge sides, to be present asymmetrically, in particular in departure from the symmetrical design described above, or in a disordered manner in relation to one another on the precast concrete ceiling component.

In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement placed within the concrete is completely surrounded by the concrete. As a result, the reinforcement located in the concrete can be protected by the concrete shell. A direct or immediate effect on the reinforcement can be prevented. As it were, a protection for the reinforcement can be formed by the inherently present concrete.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one recess has a completely free volume that is surrounded by concrete at the sides and at the top. As a result, one or more of the aspects of the invention are further developed and, for example, it is ensured that production that saves resources is possible. The reinforcement that was previously made of the concrete can be replaced by "nothing" on the precast concrete ceiling part. An embodiment that was previously not considered possible, that is, a recess, which can be present in particular at a point that had a loop from the reinforcement in the prior art and is now completely free, can be used to create a structure.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one recess, which is designed without reinforcement, is surrounded by concrete of the precast concrete ceiling part, so that the delimitation of the recess represents a delimitation of the precast concrete ceiling part and is formed by concrete. In this way, protection of the reinforcement present inside the precast concrete ceiling part can be made possible, at least in this area.

In a preferred embodiment, the at least one recess has a volume of at least 100 cm ³ , in particular at least 200 cm ³ , in particular at least 250 cm ³ , in particular at least 300 cm ³ . This creates the possibility that, by means of the volume of the recess, a different connection is possible, which is simplified compared to the connection by means of the loops and the head bolt dowels. A recess volume of the stated size may contain "nothing" in a development according to the invention, but a connection between the carrier and the precast concrete ceiling part may still be possible, for example via casting compound that can be sufficiently filled in the recess or the volume of the recess . The volume of the recess can in particular be greater than 200 cm ³ , in particular greater than 210 cm ³ , in particular greater than 220 cm ³ , in particular greater than 230 cm ³ , in particular greater than 240 cm ³ , in particular greater than 250 cm ³ , in particular greater than 260 cm ³ , in particular greater than 270 cm ³ , in particular greater than 280 cm ³ , in particular greater than 290 cm ³ , in particular greater than 300 cm ³ . The volume of the recess can be limited to a maximum volume of 450 cm ³ , in particular 440 cm ³ , in particular 430 cm ³ , in particular 420 cm ³ , in particular 410 cm ³ , in particular 400 cm ³ , in particular 390 cm ³ , in particular 380 cm ³ , in particular 370 cm ³ , in particular 360 cm ³ , in particular 350 cm ³ , in particular 340 cm ³ , in particular 330 cm ³ , in particular 320 cm ³ , in particular 310 cm ³ . Each of the sizes of the minimum volume and the maximum volume can be combined with one of the other sizes.

The at least one reinforcement-free recess can have a dimension in the direction of the height of the precast concrete ceiling part of 2 cm to 6 cm, in particular 3 cm to 5 cm, in particular 3.5 cm to 4.5 cm, in particular if the height of the precast concrete ceiling part is essentially 8 cm amounts. The at least one reinforcement-free recess can have a dimension in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the precast concrete ceiling part of 8 cm to 12 cm. The at least one reinforcement-free recess can have a dimension in the direction of the width axis of the precast concrete ceiling part of 6 cm to 8 cm.

In a preferred embodiment, the precast concrete ceiling part is cuboid. A first side length (particularly in the direction of the width axis) is in the range of 230 cm to 270 cm; in particular, the first side length can be 2.475 m (2.5 m grid). A second side length (in particular in the direction of the longitudinal axis) is in the range from 300 cm to 800 cm. As a result, the usual dimensions of precast ceiling elements can be achieved. In particular, it is possible to use the dimensions of how precast concrete ceiling parts are designed in the prior art. This makes it possible for buildings with from the prior Technology known dimensions can be created. The thickness of the precast concrete floor part in the height direction can be in the range of 7 cm to 15 cm, in particular 7 cm to 14 cm, in particular 7 cm to 13 cm, in particular 7 cm to 12 cm, in particular 7 cm to 11 cm, in particular 7 cm to 10 cm cm, in particular 7 cm to 9 cm, in particular 8 cm to 9 cm. The thickness of the precast concrete ceiling part is very particularly preferably essentially 8 cm, in particular 8.3 cm.

For example, a module adapted to the parking space width of a vehicle (which is usually assumed to be 250 cm) for a multi-storey car park can be provided by means of the precast concrete ceiling part. Alternatively or additionally, a module can be provided which is adapted to the ship width of a multi-storey car park (usually 1600 cm). The precast concrete ceiling part with the stated dimensions can be used, in particular, in an above-ground parking garage that is constructed using an open construction method. In particular, a construction can be used which can be a building system with fixed heights, widths and lengths. The precast concrete ceiling part can be designed as part of a module or as a module, which can be arranged as often as desired in the area next to each other on a supporting structure. Beams, in particular steel beams, which can have profiles, can be used here. The beams can be used as a welded profile, which can simply be symmetrical. The beams can be designed as a beam that is supported. A multi-storey car park that has prefabricated concrete ceiling parts designed in a modular manner is known by the name "GOBACAR" from the Goldbeck company.

In a preferred embodiment, two adjacent recesses on the edge side or a side surface are at a distance of at least 20 cm, in particular 25 cm, in particular 30 cm. In this way, on the one hand, a sufficiently large contact surface can be satisfied and, on the other hand, a connection to a carrier can be made possible to a sufficient extent.

It can be provided that, based on the edge or the side on which the cutouts are formed, 2 to 5 cutouts per meter, in particular 2 to 4 cutouts per meter, in particular 3 to 4 cutouts per meter are formed, whereby an optimization can be possible, in particular with regard to the effort involved in production, the size of the support or contact surface and the stability of the connection.

In a further, in particular supplementary or alternative aspect, the invention also creates a carrier, in particular made of steel, for supporting an edge side of a precast concrete ceiling part. The precast concrete ceiling part can be designed as described. On a flange on which the precast concrete ceiling part is attached can be placed on an edge, the carrier has at least one bonding agent. The connecting means is designed in the form of a structured elevation which extends across the central plane of the flange transversely to the longitudinal axis of the carrier.

A “beam” in the sense of the description can be a steel beam in particular. The carrier can have a longitudinal axis, a width axis and a height axis. The carrier can have flanges or straps that extend in particular in a plane that has a directional component in the direction of the longitudinal axis and a directional component in the direction of the width axis, so that the flanges or straps can extend along the longitudinal axis and the width axis. The flanges or straps can be connected to one another by means of a central part. The middle part of the carrier can in particular extend in a plane which has a directional component in the direction of the height and a directional component in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the carrier, so that the middle part can extend along the longitudinal axis and the height axis. The flange provided for supporting an edge side of a precast concrete ceiling part can have a substantially T-shaped configuration in cross section with the central part of the carrier. In a preferred embodiment, the flange can be arranged symmetrically to the central part.

The beam can in particular have an I-profile and be designed, for example, as a double-T beam, in which two flanges are provided which extend essentially parallel to one another and which can be connected by means of a middle part, usually referred to as a web. The central part connecting the flanges or belts runs essentially transversely to the flanges. The longitudinal axis of the carrier runs transversely to the profile or cross section of the carrier.

The flange of the beam may have a substantially planar surface for supporting an edge side of a precast concrete slab. In particular, it can be provided that two precast concrete ceiling parts can be placed on the carrier, with one of the precast concrete ceiling parts being able to be placed on one side of the flange in relation to the middle part and the other precast concrete ceiling part on the other side in relation to the middle part.

In the context of the description, the term “structured elevation” includes an elevation on the flange, which can have an undercut in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis and transverse to the direction of extension of the central part or transverse to the vertical axis. In the sense of the description, the term structured elevation encompasses—in contrast to a head bolt dowel—the provision of a “rigid” connection means connected, in particular welded, to the carrier. Unlike a headed stud, the structured survey can essentially be designed as "ductile-free", so that a Degree of deformability of less than 10% can be assumed for the structured elevation. In the case of the structured survey, the case could arise in principle that after the load capacity has been reached, a sudden drop in load or an unannounced breakage can occur; this is one of the reasons why the person skilled in the art would not previously have considered the rigid connecting means in the form of the structured bump, but it can now be considered manageable thanks to the invention. The structured elevation can serve to allow the casting compound to be filled into the region of the structured elevation and a recess, with the casting compound in particular no longer being able to move in the aforementioned direction (essentially in the direction or parallel to the width axis) during curing. By means of the structured elevation, it is possible that no lifting forces act on the prefabricated ceiling part, which can be placed on the carrier.

In the context of the description, a central plane of the carrier is understood in particular to mean a plane which extends in the direction of the central part. The center plane of the carrier can essentially run parallel to the center part or through it.

Surprisingly, by means of a structured elevation, which extends across the central plane of the flange transversely to the longitudinal axis of the beam, a headed bolt dowel can be dispensed with. By dispensing with a headed stud, it is possible to provide a structured elevation that is less high than a headed stud. The reduced height can reduce a tendency to corrosion on the carrier, since the thickness or concrete covering of the recess can be increased and/or the height for the casting compound can be selected to be larger, which means that a thicker layer of concrete can be arranged over the structured elevation can.

In a preferred embodiment, the structured elevation has legs that run at an angle of less than 90° to the longitudinal axis of the carrier and are connected to one another by means of a connecting section that extends through the center plane of the carrier. In this way, stability of the structured elevation can be created. The legs can, for example, be part of an undercut for the casting compound in the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis and transverse to the vertical axis of the carrier. The carrier can form an undercut on both sides for a precast concrete ceiling part resting on one of the legs or a hardening casting compound in a receptacle.

In a preferred embodiment, the structured elevation forms an area that is at least partially enclosed and can be filled with casting compound from above. As a result, a simple type of connection can be formed by means of the casting compound become. An area that is at least partially enclosed can have side walls or side wall sections within the meaning of the description. If provided, the side wall sections can have a spatial component which is parallel to the direction of the vertical axis of the carrier.

In a preferred embodiment, the structured elevation is welded onto the surface of a flange of the carrier. Such production is simple and can also be carried out on site, for example. In a preferred embodiment, the carrier can be prepared off site and provided with the structured bump.

In a preferred embodiment, the structured elevation is in the form of a clamp. The clamp-like configuration can have several sections running in different directions. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the structured elevation is U-shaped, with the legs of the U preferably having a directional component that points parallel to the direction of the vertical axis of the carrier and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the carrier.

In a preferred embodiment, the structured elevation has a height of 3.5 cm. It can be provided that the structured elevation does not exceed a maximum height of 7 cm. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the structured elevation has a height in the range from 3.5 cm to 7 cm, in particular 3.5 cm to 6.5 cm. A height can be selected which is improved both with regard to the corrosion properties of the carrier and the connection of the precast ceiling part to the carrier.

In a preferred embodiment, the carrier and the structured elevation have a zinc, powder or duplex coating. This can improve the corrosion behavior of the carrier.

In a further, in particular supplementary or alternative aspect, the invention also provides a use of a precast concrete ceiling part to produce a ceiling of a multi-storey car park, wherein the precast concrete ceiling part can be designed in particular as described in the description and as set out in the patent claims. A precast concrete ceiling part with reinforcement in the concrete is used, recesses being formed on at least one edge side in the precast concrete ceiling part, at least one of which is designed without reinforcement.

In a further, in particular supplementary or alternative aspect, the invention also creates a production of a precast concrete ceiling part. The precast concrete ceiling can be used in particular for a parking garage and be configured in particular as set out in the description and the claims. The precast concrete ceiling part is produced with reinforcement in the concrete, with the precast concrete ceiling part being cast with recesses on at least one edge side in the precast concrete ceiling part, and at least one of the recesses being designed without reinforcement.

In a further, in particular supplementary or alternative aspect, the invention also provides a use of a support, in particular made of steel, for producing a ceiling of a multi-storey car park, wherein the support can be configured in particular according to the description and the claims. At least one connecting means in the form of a structured elevation is used on a flange of the carrier, the connecting means extending over a central plane of the flange.

In a further, in particular supplementary or alternative aspect, the invention also creates a support, in particular made of steel, for producing a ceiling of a parking garage, wherein the support can be configured in particular according to the statements in the description and the claims. At least one connecting means in the form of a structured elevation is formed on a flange of the carrier. The connecting means extends over a central plane of the flange.

In a further, in particular supplementary or alternative aspect, the invention also creates a composite component with at least one precast concrete ceiling part, as specified in the description and the claims, and at least one carrier, as specified in the description and the claims.

The precast concrete ceiling part can be arranged on the carrier in particular in such a way that the recess(es) of the precast concrete ceiling part is/are present at a point that corresponds to the arrangement of the structured elevation(s), so that it may be preferable for a reinforcement-free recess a structured elevation at least partially surrounds when the precast concrete ceiling part rests on the carrier. In a particularly preferred embodiment, all the reinforcement-free recesses in the precast concrete ceiling part are at least one structured elevation of a carrier.

In a preferred embodiment, there can be more recesses on the precast concrete ceiling part than there are structured elevations on the carrier. This makes it possible to provide the structured elevations (only) at the points at which the shearing force is to be introduced. The course of the shearing force can be taken into account. Although the precast concrete ceiling parts can be serially manufactured in a "simplified" manner, an adaptation of the carrier to the is independent of this Thrust curve possible. Paradoxically, the serial production of the precast concrete ceiling part and the adaptation of the carrier to the shear force profile do not contradict one another, since the core idea of the invention is a decoupling between the precast concrete ceiling part and the carrier.

In a preferred embodiment, joints in the composite component, which can extend in particular in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam, are filled between two precast concrete ceiling parts on a beam using a casting compound in the form of casting concrete with a strength that corresponds at least to the concrete strength of the precast concrete ceiling part.

In a preferred embodiment, the composite part is provided with limitations on the carrier for a movement of at least one of the precast concrete ceiling parts in a direction transverse to the edge side.

The individual aspects of the invention described in the description supplement the other aspects in their representation, since for example the design of the precast concrete ceiling part is reflected in the design of the carrier. Furthermore, statements on the precast concrete floor part or girder can also be regarded as the basis for features relating to the production and/or use of the precast concrete slab part or girder.

The term "parallel" in the sense of the description includes, in addition to the meaning explicitly reflecting the pure literal sense, also deviations from the purely geometric parallelism, which can occur in particular due to tolerances. In the context of the description, the term “parallel” therefore also includes deviations of +/-20°, in particular +/-15°, in particular +/-10°, in particular +/-5°. "Parallel" in the sense of the description can thus also be understood in such a way that the two referenced directions, lines, planes and/or surfaces form an acute angle of +/- 20°, +/- 15°, +/- 10° , +/- 5° enclose each other.

The term “transverse” within the meaning of the description includes the geometric statement that the two directions, lines, surfaces and/or planes referred to do not run parallel to one another. In particular, it can be provided that the term "transverse" means two to each other at an angle of greater than 20°, in particular greater than 30°, in particular greater than 40°, in particular greater than 50°, in particular greater than 60°, in particular greater than 70°, in particular greater than 80°, describes directions, lines, planes or surfaces. The term “transverse” also includes the configuration in which the directions, lines, planes or areas enclose an angle of 90° with one another.

For the purpose of the description, the explicitly mentioned figures include not only the pure value but also deviations from this value, which can occur, for example, due to tolerances during production and in the range of +/- 15%, in particular in the range of +/- 10%, in particular in range of +/- 5%.

For the purposes of the description, the term "have" includes both the meaning inherent in the term, that a non-exhaustive list is implied and in this respect further elements, materials or the like may be present. However, the term also includes the meaning of a final list, so that the term "have" also includes the meaning of the term "consist of".

The above statements, like the following description of exemplary embodiments, do not represent a waiver of specific embodiments or features.

The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example using an exemplary embodiment illustrated in the figure.

• Fig. 1 ein Deckenbetonfertigteil in einer schematischen, isometrischen Darstellung und;
• Fig. 2 einen Träger in einer schematischen, isometrischen Darstellung.

In the drawings show:

• 1 a precast concrete floor element in a schematic, isometric representation and;
• 2 a carrier in a schematic, isometric representation.

figure 1 shows a schematic isometric representation of a precast concrete ceiling part 1, which is cuboid in the illustrated embodiment. The precast concrete ceiling part 1 has a longitudinal axis L, a width axis B and a height axis H. Recesses 2 are provided on the edge of the precast concrete ceiling part

The precast concrete ceiling part 1 has two large areas 3, 4, which face each other. Furthermore, the precast concrete ceiling part 1 has four side surfaces 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 .

The recesses 2 are formed in an edge area or on an edge of the precast concrete ceiling part 1 . The recesses 2 are in the in figure 1 illustrated embodiment as a recess in the page 6 and the large area 4 is formed. Similarly, recesses 2 as a depression in the side 8 and the large area 4 formed. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the recesses 2 are designed without reinforcement and the boundaries of the recesses 2 or depressions are formed by concrete.

Within the ceiling precast part 1, which in the figure 1 is shown, a non-illustrated textile reinforcement is present.

In a schematic, isometric representation, the figure 2 an embodiment of a carrier 10, which is designed as a steel beam. The carrier 10 is designed as a double T-beam. The carrier 10 extends along a longitudinal axis I, a width axis b and a height axis h. The carrier 10 has two flanges 11, 12, of which the flange 12 is provided for the purpose that a precast concrete ceiling part 1 can be placed on the edge. The flanges 11, 12 are connected by a central part 13. the inside figure 2 The carrier 10 shown is essentially symmetrical with respect to the central part 13 or a central plane 14 extending through the central part 13.

A structured elevation 15 is fastened to the flange 12 provided for the support of the precast concrete ceiling part 1, which elevation is provided at a point which corresponds to a recess 2 of the precast concrete ceiling part 1 lying thereon. The structured elevation 15 is in the form of a clamp. In a direction essentially parallel to the height axis h of the carrier 10, the structured elevation 15 has a U-shaped configuration. The structured elevation 15 has two legs 16 , 17 which are connected by means of a connecting section 18 .

On the in the figure 2 On the carrier 10 shown, a precast concrete ceiling part 1 can be placed on the left and right of the central plane 14, as a result of which a joint can form essentially in the direction of the longitudinal axis I of the carrier 10. This joint can be filled with casting compound, in particular in the form of casting concrete.

Claims (25)

Precast concrete ceiling part, in particular for a multi-storey car park, with reinforcement in the concrete, recesses being formed on at least one edge side in the precast concrete ceiling part, at least one of which is designed without reinforcement. Precast ceiling part according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcement is designed as textile reinforcement and/or as metallic reinforcement. Precast ceiling part according to claim 1 or 2, wherein several of the recesses are designed without reinforcement. Precast concrete ceiling part according to one of Claims 1 to 3, the same number or a different number of recesses designed without reinforcement being present on two edge sides of the precast concrete ceiling part. Precast concrete ceiling part according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein reinforcement-free recesses are formed symmetrically to a center line of the precast concrete ceiling part parallel to the edge side or to a center point of the precast concrete ceiling part on the precast concrete ceiling part. Precast ceiling element according to one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the reinforcement is completely surrounded by the concrete. Precast ceiling part according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the at least one recess has a completely free volume. Precast concrete ceiling part according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one recess is surrounded by concrete of the precast concrete ceiling part. Precast concrete floor part according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one recess has a volume of at least 250 cm ³ . 10. Floor concrete part according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the floor concrete part is rectangular and has a first side length in the range of 250 cm to 270 cm, a second side length in the range of 300 cm to 800 cm and a thickness of 8.3 cm. Precast ceiling element according to one of Claims 1 to 10, in which two adjacent recesses are at a distance of at least 30 cm on the edge side. Beam, in particular made of steel, for supporting an edge side of a precast concrete ceiling part, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the beam has at least one connecting means in the form of a structured elevation on a flange onto which the precast concrete ceiling part can be placed with an edge, extending across the median plane of the flange transverse to the longitudinal axis of the beam. A beam according to claim 12, wherein the structured elevation has legs which extend at an angle of less than 90° to the longitudinal axis of the beam and are connected to one another by means of a connecting section which extends through the central plane of the beam. Carrier according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the structured elevation forms an area which is at least partially enclosed and can be filled with joint sealing from above. A carrier according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the structured bump is welded to the top of a flange of the carrier. Carrier according to one of Claims 12 to 15, the structured elevation being designed in the form of a clamp. A carrier according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the structured elevation has a height of 3.5 cm. A carrier according to any one of claims 12 to 17, wherein the carrier and the structured bump have a zinc, powder or duplex coating Use of a precast concrete ceiling part for producing a ceiling of a multi-storey car park, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a precast concrete ceiling part with reinforcement in the concrete is used, with recesses being formed on at least one edge side in the precast concrete ceiling part, at least one of which is designed without reinforcement. Production of a precast concrete ceiling part, in particular for a multi-storey car park, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 11, the precast concrete ceiling part being produced with reinforcement in the concrete, the precast concrete ceiling part having recesses on at least one edge side in the precast concrete ceiling part is cast, with at least one of the recesses being designed without reinforcement. Use of a beam, in particular made of steel, for producing a ceiling of a parking garage, in particular according to one of claims 12 to 18, wherein at least one connecting means in the form of a structured elevation is used on a flange of the beam, which extends over a central plane of the flange. Production of a beam, in particular made of steel, for producing a ceiling of a parking garage, in particular according to one of claims 12 to 18, wherein at least one connecting means in the form of a structured elevation is formed on a flange of the beam, which extends over a central plane of the flange. Composite component with at least one precast concrete ceiling part according to one of Claims 1 to 11 and at least one carrier according to one of Claims 12 to 18. Composite component according to Claim 23, wherein joints between two precast concrete ceiling parts on a carrier are filled with a grout in the form of grouting concrete with a strength that corresponds at least to the concrete strength of the precast concrete ceiling part. Composite component according to Claim 23 or 24, in which limitations are provided on the carrier for a movement of at least one of the prefabricated ceiling concrete parts in a direction transverse to the edge side.

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