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EP4223936A1 - Gründungspfahl, pfahlgründung, kupplungselement und verfahren zur installation eines gründungspfahls im boden - Google Patents

Gründungspfahl, pfahlgründung, kupplungselement und verfahren zur installation eines gründungspfahls im boden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4223936A1
EP4223936A1 EP22155045.2A EP22155045A EP4223936A1 EP 4223936 A1 EP4223936 A1 EP 4223936A1 EP 22155045 A EP22155045 A EP 22155045A EP 4223936 A1 EP4223936 A1 EP 4223936A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
foundation
pile
coupling
foundation pile
male
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22155045.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Søren D. Otte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centrum Pæle AS
Original Assignee
Centrum Pæle AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centrum Pæle AS filed Critical Centrum Pæle AS
Priority to EP22155045.2A priority Critical patent/EP4223936A1/de
Publication of EP4223936A1 publication Critical patent/EP4223936A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/56—Screw piles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/52—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments
    • E02D5/523—Piles composed of separable parts, e.g. telescopic tubes ; Piles composed of segments composed of segments
    • E02D5/526—Connection means between pile segments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/22—Placing by screwing down
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/30—Prefabricated piles made of concrete or reinforced concrete or made of steel and concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/28—Placing of hollow pipes or mould pipes by means arranged inside the piles or pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field on foundation, and specifically relates to a foundation pile, pile foundation, coupling element and a method for installing a foundation pile into the ground.
  • the invention relates to a foundation pile comprising an elongated body, having a screw thread extending helically at least along part of the outer surface of the body, and a cavity extending at least over a considerable part of the length of the body and coaxially therewith.
  • the known foundation piles are driven into the ground by a rotatably driven element called a Kelly bar, which is arranged in the cavity of the pile and engages an inner part of the pile for transferring the rotational forces to the pile.
  • the individual piles may be manufactured in different lengths according to the depth required at a construction site.
  • the first pile is driven into the ground by a Kelly bar in a known manner, until the upper end of the pile projects typically approximately half a meter above the ground surface.
  • the second pile is lifted into position on top of the first pile and the abutting metal brackets of each concrete pile are welded together.
  • the Kelly bar may be arranged extending down through both the first and second piles in order to drive the interconnected piles further into the ground.
  • the first and second piles are inside the inner cavity arranged with a longitudinal groove, preferably two internal longitudinal grooves, which cooperate with corresponding longitudinal projections in the Kelly bar, such that the rotational forces of the Kelly bar can be transferred to both the piles.
  • Any misalignment may increase the risk of installation failure or a later foundation failure, which may in the worst case cause the overlying structure or the foundation it-self to collapse.
  • a foundation pile for installation into the ground comprising an elongate body and a screw thread element extending helically at least along part of the outer surface of the body, the foundation pile comprising a coupling element, at least at one end of the elongated body,
  • the foundation pile is manufactured from concrete and comprises a screw thread element extending helically at least along part, preferably the main part, of the outer surface of the body near the ends thereof.
  • the foundation pile may comprise a coupling element at one end, and a tapered shape at the other end, where the tapered shape is arranged to be the end first driven into the ground.
  • the foundation pile comprises coupling elements at both ends, such that the "lower" end can be connected to a pile having tapered shape at one end and a coupling element at the other end.
  • the coupling element is preferably cast into the pile during manufacture of the pile it-self and comprises longitudinal reinforcing elements extending within and in the longitudinal direction of the foundation pile.
  • the piles are factory-cast and subsequently delivered to the installation site.
  • the coupling element comprises a substantially flat base plate for defining a substantially flat and stable front surface being the contact area between the two opposing piles. In this way the weight resting on the pile will be distributed over the complete surface of the base plate.
  • the internal reinforcing elements prevent any substantial movement of the base plate, both during and after installation.
  • the periphery of the base plate should be substantially concurrent with the end periphery of the pile for allowing a stable and secure foundation and proper weight distribution.
  • Opposing base plates should be aligned to transfer the weight of the overlying structures downwardly.
  • the coupling element and the reinforcing element are preferably manufactured from iron or an iron alloy such as steel.
  • the coupling element and the reinforcing element may be connected, such as by welding, to the reinforcing of the concrete pile.
  • the elongated body comprises a hollow cavity defined by an inner wall extending in the longitudinal direction of the body, the inner wall having a groove extending in the longitudinal direction.
  • the inner wall of the foundation pile comprises a groove, and preferably two grooves. Arranging the inner wall of the pile with grooves has the effect that a corresponding projection of the piling equipment can engage the grooves and rotate the foundation pile into the ground.
  • the male coupling and the female coupling are dimensioned such that when the male coupling and/or the female coupling engages a corresponding male and/or female coupling of another foundation pile as defined, the engaged couplings are able to move in relation to each other between two end positions in a circumferential direction around a longitudinal center axis of the engaged foundation piles.
  • the coupling element is arranged such that the male coupling and the female coupling are dimensioned such that when the coupling element engages a corresponding coupling element of another foundation pile substantially as defined, the engaged couplings are able to move in relation to each other in a circumferential direction around a longitudinal center axis of the engaged foundation piles.
  • the circumferential dimension of the opening of the female coupling is made larger than the circumferential dimension of the male coupling. It is hereby possible to rotate two pile foundations in relation to each other, even though the couplings are engaged. It is hereby possible to correct any misalignment between the longitudinal internal grooves of two foundation piles after they have been connected.
  • the couplings are able to move in relation to each other in a circumferential direction around a longitudinal center axis of the engaged foundation piles, up to approximately 30 degrees, such as up to approximately 20 degrees.
  • the foundation piles are able to move in relation to each other in a circumferential direction around a longitudinal center axis of the engaged foundation piles, up to approximately 30 degrees, such as up to approximately 20 degrees.
  • the coupling element comprises a support flange extending from a periphery of the base plate, perpendicular to the first surface and towards the elongated body,
  • the support flange prevents any substantial movement of the base plate, both during and after installation.
  • the support flange comprises an aperture being in connection with an opening arranged in the female coupling, such that a locking element, such as a pin, can be inserted from the outside and through the opening of the flange and into the opening of the female coupling.
  • the male coupling further comprises an opening arranged such that when the male coupling is inserted into a female coupling, the opening of the male coupling is in connection with the opening of the female coupling, and the pin can be inserted through the opening of the male coupling.
  • the opening of the male coupling has a dimension in the circumferential direction (of the foundation pile) which is larger than the circumferential dimension of opening of the female coupling. It is hereby possible to rotate two interconnected and locked foundation piles in relation to each other in order to align the longitudinal grooves.
  • the foundation pile comprises locking means for locking the foundation pile to another foundation pile in the longitudinal direction, such that when the male coupling and/or the female coupling engages a corresponding male and/or female coupling of the other foundation pile, the engaged couplings are able to be locked to each other and able to move in relation to each other between said two end positions while being locked in the longitudinal direction.
  • the groove is a dovetail groove.
  • the groove comprises a dovetail shape, such that the sidewalls of the grooves extend in a radial direction of the foundation pile, the radial direction being substantial perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the foundation pile (see the explanation in relation to figure 7 ).
  • the projecting element of the Kelly bar comprises a surface corresponding the direction of the radial side walls of the grooves, such that the engagement surface of the projecting element is substantially flush with the side walls of the grooves.
  • the driving forces from the Kelly bar are hereby transferred to the foundation pile in a direction that corresponds to the circumferential direction of the foundation pile. It is hereby prevented that the foundation pile may crack due to the extreme forces that need to be transferred into the foundation pile.
  • the foundation pile comprises between 2-12 male couplings and between 2-12 female couplings.
  • the foundation piles may come in different lengths, and may also have different diameters, whereby is the necessary to arrange the foundation piles with a number of male and female coupling elements. It is obvious that the coupling elements must comprise a number of female couplings corresponding to the number of male couplings.
  • Foundation piles having a larger diameter compared to smaller-sized piles may have up to 12 male couplings and female couplings, while smaller-sized foundation piles may comprise only two of each type of coupling.
  • the coupling comprises only one male and one female coupling.
  • a pile foundation comprising at least two foundation piles according to any of the embodiments of the first aspect the invention.
  • the pile foundation comprises two foundation piles, each pile being arranged with a coupling element, such that the entire pile foundation can be drilled into the ground, with piling equipment, such as a Kelly bar, and where any misalignment of the internal grooves of the foundation piles is avoided.
  • a pile foundation comprising a foundation pile according to the invention, and a pile foundation element having a tapered shape and defining the lowermost part of the foundation when installed into the ground, the pile foundation element comprising an end for facing and interconnection with the foundation pile, the end of the pile foundation element comprising male and/or female couplings corresponding to the male and/or female couplings of the foundation pile.
  • the pile foundation comprises a pile foundation element having a tapered shape.
  • the tapered pile foundation element comprises a coupling element corresponding to the coupling element of the foundation pile.
  • the pile foundation comprises a second foundation pile according to any of the embodiments of the first aspect of the invention.
  • the pile foundation further comprises a second foundation pile corresponding to the first foundation pile, whereby the length of the pile foundation is increased.
  • a coupling element for use in a foundation pile according to any of the embodiments of the first aspect of the invention, the coupling element comprising a base plate having a first surface for facing the end of the elongated body and a second surface for defining an end surface of the foundation pile, the coupling element further comprising at least one male coupling extending from the second surface, and/or at least one female coupling comprising an opening in the base plate.
  • the invention according to the fourth aspect of the invention defines a coupling element for casting into an elongated screw-threaded concrete body in order to arrange a foundation pile according to any of the embodiments of the first aspect of the invention.
  • the coupling element is preferably manufactured from iron or an iron alloy, such as steel, and is arranged such that the coupling element and reinforcing elements inside the elongated concrete may be connected before casting, e.g., by welding.
  • the coupling element comprises at least one reinforcement bar for protruding into said pile from said rear surface and integrally cast into said pile.
  • the coupling element comprises at least one reinforcing bar for extending in the longitudinal direction of the elongated concrete body and for interconnection, e.g., by welding to the reinforcing elements of the concrete body.
  • the at least one reinforcing bar is also preferably manufactured from iron or an iron alloy such as steel.
  • a method for installing a foundation into the ground comprising the following steps:
  • the above-defined method provides a strong pile foundation in which it is possible to rotate the two piles in relation to each other in case of any misalignment between the internal grooves of the two piles, and hereby overcomes the above-defined problems associated with conventional foundation piles.
  • the step of arranging the piling equipment through the first and second foundation pile comprises the step of
  • the above-defined method defines the possibility of regulating the position between two misaligned foundation piles, such that the internal grooves of the two piles are aligned, and the Kelly bar can extend through both piles.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pile foundation comprising two foundation piles 10.
  • Each foundation pile 10 comprises an elongated concrete body having an external screw thread 36 for drilling the pile foundation into the ground (not shown).
  • FIG. 1 shows a lower part and the upper part of the similar foundation piles 10, where the lower and upper ends comprise corresponding coupling elements 12.
  • Each coupling element 12 comprises a base plate 14 which is substantially planar and establishes the abutment surface between the two foundation piles 10.
  • Each coupling element 12 further comprises a number of male couplings 18 and a number of female couplings 20.
  • the coupling elements 12 comprises three male couplings 18 and three female couplings, such the that each type of coupling may connect to the different type of coupling of the other foundation pile 10.
  • the coupling elements 12 further comprises a support flange for preventing any substantial movement of the base plate in relation to the concrete body, both during and after installation.
  • the screw thread 36 preferably extends along the most part of the concrete body but terminates in proximity of the support flange.
  • the support flange 16 comprises a number of flange openings 22 corresponding to the number of female couplings 20.
  • the female couplings comprise an opening (not shown) extending coaxial with the flange opening, such that when a locking element such as a locking pin 34 is inserted through the flange opening 22, the pin extends through the female coupling 20.
  • the male couplings 18 are arranged to be inserted into the female couplings of the opposing coupling element 12 and are dimensioned such that the circumferential dimension (in relation to the foundation pile) of the male coupling 18 is smaller than the corresponding circumferential dimension of the female coupling 20.
  • the two foundation piles are able to rotate in relation to each other around a center axis extending through the piles in the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • the position of the internal grooves 30 of the two foundation piles may thus be corrected, such that a Kelly bar (not shown) can be positioned extending through both foundation piles.
  • each male coupling 18 comprises a coupling element opening 24 which is arranged as an elongated hole.
  • the elongated hole has a largest diameter which is larger than the largest diameter of the flange opening. This gives the possibility of regulating the mutual position of the two foundation piles 10 even though the two coupling elements 12 are joined and locked by the pin 34 in relation to each other.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a pile foundation comprising two foundation piles 10.
  • the two foundation piles correspond to the foundation piles 10 illustrated in relation to figure 1 .
  • a first (lower) foundation pile has been driven into the ground (not shown) such that the upper end of the foundation pile 10 terminates a predefined distance above the ground level, such as approximately half a meter above ground level.
  • the second (upper) foundation pile 10 has been lowered on top of the first foundation pile 10 such that the coupling elements 12 of the two foundation piles 10 interconnect and the flange openings 22 automatically align with the coupling element openings, such that locking elements, such as pins 34, can be inserted through the openings 22, 24 and lock the two foundation piles 10 in relation to each other in the longitudinal direction of the foundation piles 10.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a pile foundation comprising the two foundation piles 10 shown in relation to figure 1 and 2 .
  • the pins 24 have been inserted through the flange openings and through the coupling element openings, whereby the two foundation piles 10 are locked in relation to each other in the longitudinal direction thereof.
  • the pile foundation is in the shown illustration ready for the Kelly bar to extend from the upper end of the second foundation pile, down through the pile 10, and further down into the first (lower) foundation pile.
  • the internal grooves are aligned, and the entire pile foundation can be driven into the ground.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross section of a perspective view of a pile foundation.
  • the figure illustrates a cross section of the foundation piles 10 shown in figure 1 , where a first (lower) pile is driven into the ground a predetermined distance, and the second (upper) foundation pile 10 is being lowered towards the first foundation pile 10.
  • the figure clearly shows flange openings 22 arranged in both coupling elements 12 in relation to the female couplings 20.
  • the flange opening 22 and the associated female coupling together establishes a channel suitable for the locking pin 34 to extend through the flange opening and into the female coupling where it is secured in the longitudinal direction of the piles 10.
  • the pin may be arranged with a locking feature (not shown), such as a locking ring arranged in a groove, e.g., at the pointy end of the pin, which locking ring engages a corresponding locking feature (not shown), such as a projection, inside the female coupling 20.
  • the pins 34 are hereby securely arranged in connection with the flange openings 22 and the female couplings 20.
  • the male couplings 18 are shown with elongated coupling element openings 24 which are arranged elongated in the circumferential direction of the piles 10.
  • the elongated shape of the coupling element openings provides the possibility of still being able to align the grooves 30 of the two foundation piles even though the two foundation piles are joined and locked to each other.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross section of a perspective view of a pile foundation.
  • the figure illustrates a cross section of a part of the embodiment shown in figure 2 .
  • the second (upper) foundation pile has been lowered onto the upper end of the first (lower) foundation pile 10 such that the male couplings 18 are inserted into the female couplings 20.
  • the pins 34 are inserted from outside through the flange openings 22 and into engagement with the female coupling 20 and the coupling element opening 24 of the male coupling 18.
  • the longitudinal grooves 30 of the two foundation piles 10 are shown aligned, and therefore no further rotational adjustment of the two foundation piles 10 in relation to each other is necessary. However, in a situation where the two longitudinal channels 30 are not properly aligned, the second (upper) foundation pile needs to be rotated in relation to the first (lower) foundation pile 10.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross section of a pile foundation, through the second (upper) foundation pile 10 in figure 5 along line A-A.
  • the angular rotation B shows that the first (lower) foundation pile 10 and the second (upper) foundation pile 10 have been rotationally displaced in relation to each other, and the grooves 30 are therefor not correctly aligned such that a Kelly bar 26 can be arranged through the junction between the two foundation piles 10.
  • the figure shows the edge 30' of the groove 30 of the first (lower) foundation pile 10, and hereby the grooves 30 being displaced in relation to each other such that it is not possible to install the Kelly bar 26.
  • the second (upper) foundation pile 10 needs to be rotated in the counter-clockwise direction.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross section of a foundation pile 10 and a Kelly bar 26.
  • the figure shows a Kelly bar 26 extending through a foundation pile 10 and exerting a rotational force to the foundation pile, as indicated by the arrows.
  • the groove 30 comprises a dovetail shape, whereby the sidewalls of the grooves 30 extend in a radial direction of the foundation pile, the radial direction being substantially perpendicular to the circumferential direction of the foundation pile.
  • the projecting element 32 of the Kelly bar 26 comprises engagement surfaces corresponding to the direction of the radial side walls of the grooves 30, such that the engagement surface of the projecting element 32 is substantially flush with the side walls of the grooves 30.
  • the driving forces from the Kelly bar 26 are hereby transferred to the foundation pile in a direction that corresponds to the circumferential direction of the foundation pile indicated by the arrows. It is hereby prevented that the foundation pile may crack due to the extreme forces that need to be transferred into the foundation pile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP22155045.2A 2022-02-03 2022-02-03 Gründungspfahl, pfahlgründung, kupplungselement und verfahren zur installation eines gründungspfahls im boden Pending EP4223936A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22155045.2A EP4223936A1 (de) 2022-02-03 2022-02-03 Gründungspfahl, pfahlgründung, kupplungselement und verfahren zur installation eines gründungspfahls im boden

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22155045.2A EP4223936A1 (de) 2022-02-03 2022-02-03 Gründungspfahl, pfahlgründung, kupplungselement und verfahren zur installation eines gründungspfahls im boden

Publications (1)

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EP4223936A1 true EP4223936A1 (de) 2023-08-09

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EP22155045.2A Pending EP4223936A1 (de) 2022-02-03 2022-02-03 Gründungspfahl, pfahlgründung, kupplungselement und verfahren zur installation eines gründungspfahls im boden

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1216698A (en) * 1967-05-17 1970-12-23 Johnson Construction Co Ab A pile jointing device
GB1595432A (en) * 1976-11-02 1981-08-12 Gillen William F Precast concrete piling
AT388405B (de) * 1981-12-09 1989-06-26 Scac Spa Kupplung zum verbinden der beiden enden zweier uebereinander angeordneter pfahlteile aus bewehrtem beton
DE29621462U1 (de) * 1996-12-11 1997-04-10 Pfleiderer Verkehrstechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 92318 Neumarkt Gründungspfahl aus armiertem Beton
WO2008128025A1 (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-23 Smrf, Llc Joint for reinforced concrete pile sections
US7494299B1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2009-02-24 Michael Whitsett Piling apparatus having rotary drive
WO2015026223A1 (en) * 2013-08-21 2015-02-26 Chin Chai Ong End plate
EP3936670A1 (de) * 2020-07-07 2022-01-12 Alphabeton AG Betonpfahlelement sowie verfahren zum zusammenkuppeln zweier betonpfahlelemente

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1216698A (en) * 1967-05-17 1970-12-23 Johnson Construction Co Ab A pile jointing device
GB1595432A (en) * 1976-11-02 1981-08-12 Gillen William F Precast concrete piling
AT388405B (de) * 1981-12-09 1989-06-26 Scac Spa Kupplung zum verbinden der beiden enden zweier uebereinander angeordneter pfahlteile aus bewehrtem beton
DE29621462U1 (de) * 1996-12-11 1997-04-10 Pfleiderer Verkehrstechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 92318 Neumarkt Gründungspfahl aus armiertem Beton
US7494299B1 (en) * 2000-11-14 2009-02-24 Michael Whitsett Piling apparatus having rotary drive
WO2008128025A1 (en) * 2007-04-13 2008-10-23 Smrf, Llc Joint for reinforced concrete pile sections
WO2015026223A1 (en) * 2013-08-21 2015-02-26 Chin Chai Ong End plate
EP3936670A1 (de) * 2020-07-07 2022-01-12 Alphabeton AG Betonpfahlelement sowie verfahren zum zusammenkuppeln zweier betonpfahlelemente

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